DE1542682A1 - Means to increase the effectiveness of pesticides - Google Patents

Description

DR. E. WIEGAND

MÖNCHEN DIPL.-ING. W. NIEMANN

HAMBURG PATENTANWXLTE

W, 12007/6 "+ 7 / Nope

8000 MÖNCHEN NUSSBAUMSTRASSE 10 TELEPHONE; 555476

_{15 /} 30,082.1954

Dr, Wilhelm Behlen, Ranstadt / Upper Hesse

and
Herbert-Heinz Winkler, Hamburg

Means to increase the effectiveness of plant protection products

The invention relates to a means for increasing the effectiveness of pesticides that are sprayed, Spraying and especially fine spraying are used.

In agriculture, in fruit growing, viticulture and hops and in other crops, pesticides are usually used strongly diluted with water by spraying in order to keep the active ingredients as evenly as possible to be applied to the entire leaf or »fruit surface

C03627 / 1920

BATH ORIGINAL

and around unwanted side effects such as stunted growth, burned leaves and rusting of the fruit avoid.

Some fungicides, such as, for example, copper and / or sulfur-containing compounds, can be used in fruit growing in certain Cu- or S-sensitive varieties no longer used after flowering, even in strong dilution without damage will.

In order to protect the plants against fungal diseases and pests until harvest, repeated sprayings are necessary required, e.g. in fruit growing to control scab 8-12 Injections,

When spraying with the recommended very low concentrations and very high amounts of liquid (in intensive fruit growing, e.g. 0.1% HOOOl / ha) remains due to the considerable drainage losses from the amount of Pesticides only ever have a relatively small part on the leaves,

In addition, active ingredients that are released after the evaporation of the Water remains on the leaf and fruit surface, often washed off by subsequent rainfall so much that that additional injections are necessary.

Some insecticides are known to be ·· & «» - are absorbed by the leaf and that they remain active in the plant system for a certain time (systemic

509827/1920 BATHROOM ORIGINAL PAINTED

or insecticides with a therapeutic effect), even when using such insecticides, it is desirable to use longer Time to keep a supply on the leaf surface.

That fungicides are also absorbed from the leaf and systemically can take effect, has not yet been observed or is denied. Effective protection is promised away from them only when they are on the leaf and fruit surface Form a complete covering (film). This aimed at with large amounts of broth (water) in the spraying process but film-like coating does not grow with the leaves and fruits with it must therefore through times of strong growth repeated sprayings must be renewed at correspondingly short intervals.

In practice there are g / ft) Lig / 6 / ytJ.4- £ Ji sprays using 3 - 5 times the concentration recommended for the spraying process while reducing the amount of water executed on 1/3 - 1/5. Even so, the broth (water) amounts are considerably when spraying. In their fungicidal effectiveness are those consisting of droplets Spray coatings thought to be less effective than the film-like spray coatings, in terms of adhesiveness and rain resistance or «-Inresistance they do not differ from spray coatings · A saving of work steps and Material is not reached by this spraying.

0 09827/1920

According to K ο t t e it would be possible, but it would have no practical value to distribute aqueous broths even more finely, than happens in the newer sprayers, and thus droplets of the fineness of a real (meteorological) To achieve fog. Such droplets would, however, already evaporate on the way from the device to the treetop, and the active ingredient would come on the plant in dry form, its rain resistance being just as inadequate as that of dust,

It has now been found that growth disorders, leaf burns and fruit rusting are causal Connection with the large broth (water) used in the sprayings and in the alternative sprayings crowd standing. When using spray bars containing copper or sprays, the results can be summarized as follows.

The greater the amount of broth (water) used in foliar treatments,

the more intensive the wetting of the leaf with the aqueous spray mixture,

the more uneven the distribution of substances on the sheet and

the slower the topping dries

the greater the risk of stunted growth and leaf burns and fruit rusting and the lower the QE quantities are tolerated by the leaf and fruit,

"Diseases and pests in fruit growing and theirs

Combat »(1958) 009827/1920

The invention aims to create an agent for increasing the effectiveness of crop protection agents that are im aqueous medium by spraying, spraying and especially fine spraying to apply, when using it it is possible to carry out crop protection treatments more effectively, simply and cheaply, with the disadvantages described, such as stunted growth and poor persistence, can be avoided or reduced to a minimum.

The agent according to the invention contains in combination

1) a vegetable oil or a plant-compatible mineral oil based on isoparaffinic hydrocarbons or a mixture of these oils,

2) a non-toxic organic phosphoric acid ester,

3) a non-icnian emulsifier,

The vegetable oil components are linseed oil, sunflower oil or the like, suitable,

As riineralölkoir.ponent? come into consideration, for example isopaia £ \ f: liiisci: t hydrocarbons ΐί.ϊί the following Kari'iz mill

BATHROOM ORIGlNAt

0 U 9 B 2: / 1 3 2 0

Specific gravity flash point, ⁰ C
Pour point, ⁰ C
Viscosity 37 ° C in ⁰ E aniline point ⁰ C

Unsulfonable residue,% acid content,%
Distillation curve, ⁰ C onset of boiling

10%

50%

90%

End of boiling

0.7818

-45 1.1 90 97 0.04

19 6 201 215 247 '261

or

Specific gravity ASTM D-1298, at 15.5 / 15.5 ° C 0.761

Boiling point ASTM D-86, ° C paint, Saybolt ASTM D-156 Kauri-Butane-Iviert ASTM D-1133 Aniline point ASTM D-1012, ⁰ C Doctcrtef.t ASTM D-484

Copper Strip Test ASTM D-130 Corrosive Sulfur ASTM D-235

Evaporation rate DIN 53 170 (ether = 1), flash point, ASTM D-93 (Pensky-Martens), ⁰ C

Unsulfonierbarer residue,% Viscosity 25 ⁰ C, ASTM D-445 in cp pour point

180-207 at least 2 5, 26 85 negative 1 a no discoloration 58 54 at least

1,349 under -50

0 0 98 2 7- / -92 0 " BAD

When the oil component from a mixture of vegetable oil and plant-compatible mineral oil, the ratio of mineral oil: vegetable oil, for example, 95: 5 to 50:50 be,

Examples of non-toxic organic phosphoric acid esters are: phosphoric acid esters of aliphatic / alcohols, such as trialkyl phosphates, e.g. Triethylphosphate or Trimethylphosphat.und Trixylenol phosphate, which is free from o-cresol, O-ethylphenol and o-propylphenol ^ Bt,

In particular, GIy-

cholesterol of higher fatty acids, e.g. oleic acid glycol esters, into consideration

The use of the agent according to the invention for crop protection treatments with dispersed in aqueous media or dissolved pesticides in particular allow fine spraying (fine spraying) or spray mist with highly concentrated but low brewing quantities per hectare, z, B, 50 to 100 times the usual spray concentrations In particular, good results can be achieved when using UO up to 50 liters of broth / ha.

The use of the agent according to the invention also ensures that high-percentage suspensions are longer Maintain time or can be restored without difficulty after any discontinuation.

0 09827/1920

When using the agent according to the invention in particular when fine spraying or when producing spray mist, the quantities of liquid used do not already exist evaporated in the air, so that the particles are not as dry powder but as very small liquid droplets on the Get sheet.

Using the composition according to possess the invention formulated broths an excellent network capability _t so that even when the leaves and fruits with a strong layer of wax Abperlverluste m-itgehend be avoided "The deposited droplets coverings are transformed in film-like protective coverings of great uniformity, dry the leaf and fruit coverings produced within a short time - if the plant-compatible mineral oil is used as an oil component within a few minutes - so that excessive immediate absorption of active ingredients and the growth disorders caused by them, leaf burns and fruit rusts are avoided.

The coverings obtained after drying show a considerable resistance to rain, so that also in the following Rain, a repetition of the treatment is largely unnecessary. Despite the rain resistance achieved by the coverings the uptake or processing and forwarding of the active ingredients is neither disturbed nor hindered.

009827/1920

One observed in the main growing season, two to Four weeks long-lasting fungicidal effect of a fine spray using the agent according to the invention suggests that that which was taken up and stored by the leaf, as well as that which was passed on to the new growth Active ingredient (copper) has a systemic (therapeutic) effect.

When spraying aqueous broths with the usual concentrations or in the case of spraying, which is occasionally carried out in practice as an alternative, with comparatively low levels Concentration increases in the aqueous calm became one systemic effect not yet determined.

The invention is explained in more detail below using examples:

example 1

A batch was made from a mineral oil A on the boil of isoparaffinic hydrocarbons following properties:

Specific gravity 0.7818

Flash point, ⁰ C 71

Pour point, ⁰ C -45

Viscosity 37 ⁰ C in ⁰ E 1.1

Aniline point ⁰ C 90

Unsulfonable residue,% 97

Acidity,% O ₁ OH

Distillation curve, ⁰ C

Beginning of boiling 196

10% '201

| g I 009827/1320

End of boiling 261

BATH ORIGINAL

- ίο -

The composition had the following composition: Mineral oil A 9 5 parts by weight

organic phosphoric acid ester NTP (Allbright - Wilson)

Emulsifier (oleic acid glycol ester)

2 parts by weight

3 parts by weight

The organic phosphoric acid ester had the following properties:

Appearance
odor
purity
free phenols acid

Water content Specific weight at 15.5 ° C

volatility

Flash point
Refractive index at 20 ⁰ C, viscosity at 20 ⁰ C

2 5 ° C 30 ⁰ C

3 5 ⁰ C HO ⁰ C water-white liquid none 99.9% ester none

maximum 10 mg KOH per 100 ml of the product when using bromophenol blue as an indicator less than 0.005% 1.125-1.130

very low (lower than TrikresyIphosphat or dioctyl phthalate) 271 ⁰ C

1.5500-1. - 195 5505 180 - 130 centistokes 120 - 90 It 83 - 65 Il 60 - 50 Il 45 Il

Example 2

A batch of the following composition was made:

009827/1920

linseed oil

organic phosphoric acid ester NTP (Allbright - Wilson) Emulsifier (oleic acid glycol ester)

Parts by weight

2 parts by weight

3 parts by weight

Example 3

Sunflower oil

organic phosphoric acid ester NTP (Allbright - Wilson)

Emulsifier (oleic acid glycol ester)

5 parts by weight

2 parts by weight

3 parts by weight

Example H

There were Hederich plants, which are known to be particularly sensitive, in the fine spray method with aqueous broths treated, which were prepared using agents according to Examples 1, 2 and 3. The design is

from the table below, with the percentages are each based on the total broth.

attempt
1

4 ■

Table /

Finely sprayed medium

lot

To whom-

Active substance amount

control

Approach according to Example 1 12 weight,% Cu 50 l / ha

fc wt%

Approach according to Example 2 12% by weight

Approach according to Example 3 12% by weight

Approach according to Example 1 6 weight,%

Approach according to Example 2 6% by weight

Approach according to Example 1 6% by weight

Approach according to Example 3 6% by weight

injected

009827/1920 +) copper oxychloride

(Green copper) with 45-50% Cu

Results observed:

a) The emulsifiability of the active ingredients in the pesticides is given the proportions of oil components: phosphoric acid ester: Emulsifier practically the same, regardless of whether the mineral oil A, a vegetable oil or a Mixture of the two oils was present as an oil component (see experiments 1 to 5),

b) When using vegetable oils and mixtures of mineral oil A and vegetable oil, an even finer one was achieved film-like coating (tests 2 to 5) than formed when using mineral oil A alone (test 1),

c) The compatibility of the leaves with coverings from the high-percentage copper broths that contain vegetable oils or mixtures of vegetable oil and mineral oil A were formulated (experiments 2 to 5) was the same as when using mineral oil A alone (experiment 1),

Example 5

Three-year-old apple bush trees of the James Grieve variety, known to be sensitive to copper, were sprayed using the fine spray method treated with an aqueous broth prepared using the agent according to Example 1. Comparatively the same amount of copper was injected or sprayed in the usual way in different dilutions. The test plan is shown in Table II below, the percentages being based on the Total broth are related,

0 0 98 277 1 920

15A.2682

- ye -

Table II Active ingredient Application
lot attempt formulation 7.5% by weight 24 l / ha 1) Water + 15% by weight medium
according to example 1 0.75 " 2 "40" 2) water 0.30 " 600 " 3) water 0.15 H. 1200 " Ό water

Test results:

a) The determination of the leaf coverings action generated by the different loading on Cu content showed 2h hours after the application, the following relative values;

1) 131%

2) 96%

3) 108% Ό 100%

b) A few days after the treatments, the sprayed apple trees and those sprayed in the usual way continued a different leaf fall. After 8 weeks, the test trees still had the ones given below Share of their original foliage: trial

1) about 80%

2) about 30%

3) hardly 10% H) k & around 10 I.

009827/1920

- rf -

«Η

Untreated comparison trees still had about 90% of their leaves at this time.

c) This different leaf fall is due to the fact that the leaf coverings used up with a lot of water during and shortly after the treatment, as long as the leaves are still moist, intolerably high amounts of copper are absorbed by the leaf and disrupt the metabolism. By the composition of the fine spray with the means according to Examples 1-3 or their combination, an incompatible * high immediate uptake is prevented. Through the Rain resistance of the fine spray coating formed with the agents according to Examples 1-3 or a combination thereof Even if the active substance absorption reactivated by subsequent dew or rain remains within plant-compatible limits «

Example 6

There were sixteen 3-year-old apple bush trees from the als copper-sensitive, well-known variety Cox-Orangen-Renette during the growing season in fine spraying with watery Treated broth, which was prepared using agents according to Example 1. Comparatively ever stayed 16 trees of Cox orange reindeer untreated during the entire vegetation period or were sprayed normally 6 times. Of the

009827/1920

Λ?

The test plan is shown in Table III below, the percentages being based in each case on the total broth.

Formulj-eruns Tabel III total
work off -
lot To whom-
manic
menee attempt untreated Number of Be
actions 1) Water (splashed) 7.9 kg 9000 1 / bc 2) Water +13.5% by weight
according to example 1 6th 5.9 " 120 1 / hc 3) middle k

Test results:
a) attempt

1) 2) 3)

Copper content currently, the main risk of scab infections (June) before the ¹ U spray or the 3, fine spray

treated leaves new growth (relative, based on untreated)

100 100

270
475

165 188

b)

Copper content currently, the harvest (September) after 6 sprayings or 1 fine spray treated leaves new growth (relative, based on untreated)

1) 2) 3)

100
2 50
206

100 116 125

c) The compatibility of the leaves was compared to the high percentage produced with the agent according to Example 1 Fine copper sprays on the whole good (it stood

0 09827/1920

hardly inferior to the "mild" organic fungicides). The compatibility with the low percentage copper sprayings was completely unsatisfactory (leaf burns and premature leaf fall, fruit rusting),

d) The following quantity and quality ratio resulted during the harvest:
Formulation

attempt tion or
treatment Yield
relative scabbed rusty market
quality 1) untreated 100 16% 3% 81% 2) 6 χ injected
water 91 1 % 40% 59% 3) 4 χ fine
sprays water
+ "13.5% by weight
Means according to
example 1 116 1 % 7% 92%

Substantial advantages are therefore achieved by using the agent according to the invention. It will be particular the successful application of the fine spray or spray mist method enables, in which much more Wiitetoffe than is possible by spraying be brought to the leaf and fruit surface in one operation, so that the number of

0098.27 / 1920

all treatments are reduced and labor, material and costs are saved. The active ingredient intake from the Leaf and fruit coverings can be regulated when using the agent according to the invention so that growth disorders, Burning of leaves and rusting of the fruit even at higher concentrations and sensitive substrates, e.g. sensitive apple varieties should be avoided.

The amount of the agent to be used in the aqueous broths according to the invention can be varied within a wide range. Good results are obtained with amounts of 5-20% by weight, in particular 10-15% by weight of the agent, based on the total broth. The concentration of the active ingredients in the applicable aqueous broths may also vartfiieren within wide ranges _t depending on the nature of the plant protection agent used, for copper plant protection products containing concentrations of 3-10 wt,%, in particular 5-8 wt.% Cu ₁ based on the total broth to apply.

009827/19 20

Claims (3)

Pat e nt claims 1, means to increase the effectiveness of plant protection agents when they are used A & fi / tyß & ß // Sfät / ifäaf- / Jbfl & t / especially characterized, or spray. , proceed that there is xn combination 1) a vegetable oil and / or a mineral oil on the BsLs. of plant-compatible isoparaffinic hydrocarbons, 2) a non-toxic organic phosphoric acid ester, 3) contains a non-ionic emulsifier, 2, means according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-toxic organic phosphoric acid ester from a phosphoric acid ester of aliphatic alcohols, such as trialkyl phosphates, e.g. triethyl phosphate or trimethyl phosphate. 3, means according to ahem of claims 1 or 2, characterized ge . indicates that the non-ionic emulsifier consists of a Glycolester of higher fatty acids, e.g. oleic acid glycol esters, consists, H, agent according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it contains 1 to 5% by weight, preferably 2% by weight of the phosphoric acid ester and 1 to 6 % by weight, preferably 3% by weight, of the emulsifier, in each case the Ölko »po *: nente, contains, 009827/1920