DE2551149A1 - Exhaust turbine for IC engine - has piston keyed in helical slot to allow exhaust turbine attached to cylinder to assist piston movement - Google Patents

Abstract

The exhaust gases leave the combustion chamber, after expanding, via slots in the cylinder wall into a turbine fixed to the cylinder. Air enters the turbine through an automatic flap valve during the pause between the working strokes. The air is heated by the exhaust gases and contributes energy to turn the turbine. An after burner could be also provided. The piston pin slides in slots formed in the cylinder wall to guide the piston from top to bottom ded centre. A guide cylinder with a curved groove is arranged outside of or inside of the main cylinder to engage with the piston pin to turn the entire engine as the piston reciprocates. The injector pump is actuated by a stationary cam ring and rotates with the engine mass.

Description

Emil Schubert ^ ·

LOGO Berlin 47
Käthe-Dorsch-Ring 4

Internal combustion engine

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine combined with a turbine, ver = reversible for motor vehicles and other purposes, such. B. also where small motors are used.

Known engines use the energy contained in the fuel only for one relatively low percentage; it is wasted fuel and pollutes the outside air to a high degree.

Improvements to engines and automobiles have fuel = consumption and air pollution are reduced, however The limit of what is possible in this way seems to have now been reached, but is not regarded as sufficient.

The invention is based on the object of improving the fuel energy to use, to depress loss of energy, especially that escaping through the exhaust, to achieve better combustion, and the engine as a whole to simplify.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that pressure, temperature and the speed of the gases leaving the cylinder do further work by acting in the manner of a jet drive, with or without the addition of air, extend the work cycle, are beneficial and cause less air pollution through afterburning and the addition of air.

-2-

709821/0041

Furthermore: feeder and piston with injection pump and nozzle or spark plug, cooling fins connected to the cylinder and the turbine wheel (which can be fitted with a starter ring) rotate around its own central axis; thus these parts, which are necessary anyway, also form the required centrifugal mass.

The injection pump is fixed by cams in the longitudinal direction adjustable ring 10, Fig. 1 actuated and also regulates the amount of fuel.

When used as a petrol engine, a carburettor with air = is used instead of an air filter filter mounted. The spark is transferred from stationary contacts to the spark plug.

As the cylinder rotates, the piston moves to the lower or upper position Dead center guided, as will be described in detail below; the mode of operation of the turbine is also described in detail below.

It can be assumed that today's engines is generally known, so this description will only be dealt with insofar as it seems necessary to compare.

It should also be known that a diesel engine uses about 35% less fuel consumes (compared to a petrol engine of the same power) and has fewer harmful emissions. But it is not that, like Diesel in his Patent No. 67,207 of February 1893 assumes only insignificant amounts of heat (Energy) and pressure leave the engine. The loss is considerably greater but still with a gasoline engine that you will be dependent on for a long time to come.

-3- 709Ö2 1/0041

In today's engines, the exhaust gases leave the engine at one temperature from 500 to 800 degrees Celsius, at high speed and with usable pressure, which is only used in rare cases to operate a compressor will. If one wanted to avoid these losses, an infinitely long working cylinder would be required, which is not feasible in practice.

The present engine works, as already mentioned, according to known ones Basic principles. Instead of working on the crankshaft, however, work is either direct or indirect removed from the cylinder. A balanced run is achieved even if the Engine is built as a single cylinder, but there are no difficulties in a cylinder two pistons act alternately, against each other or separately to let, or to combine individual cylinders into multi-cylinder engines in order to to get uninterrupted power generation.

With small engines that have no significant fuel consumption and with for whom it is more important to save space, it is sufficient if the turbine has the diameter of the cooling fins.

A two-stroke diesel engine is shown in FIG injection times can also be operated as a gasoline injection engine.) The door = bine is denoted by 2. It is shown again in FIG. 2 for a better understanding of the mode of operation.

The way the turbine works is as follows: The gases, their values enter the turbine through the cylinder outlet openings, exert pressure there on the wall in the direction of rotation and do work. The temperature of the gases is used in the following way: During the break, the

-4-

709821/0041

between the end of one work cycle and the start of the next is, penetrates through the automatic flap valves 3, Fig. 2 air into the Turbine one. This air is heated by the high temperature of the gases, expands and also drives the turbine in the direction of rotation, so there is usable work output. In the latter process, the speed of the gases is also important.

In other words, the turbine is firmly attached to the working cylinder is connected, an extension of the working cylinder, but also acts like a jet drive, as it is open on the outer periphery and there is little or no resistance to the escaping gases. One back = thrust or counteraction of the nozzle drive can not occur, because in the period in which the latter is doing work, the outlet openings in the Cylinders are closed by the piston.

It should also be noted that the mixture not consumed in the cylinder (what can occur especially in a two-stroke engine) is subjected to an afterburning in the turbine, i.e. it is also used to a certain extent. In addition, in summary of the above Processes, significantly fewer unused or harmful gases in the exhaust pipes and thus in the outside air.

Gases that have entered the motor housing are discharged through a secondary duct puff pipes derived or after cleaning in the air filter 5, z. T. together with fresh air, fed back to the engine.

The turbine shown in the drawings is only to be regarded as an example;

-5- 709821/00 41

2551U9

the final version may differ considerably from the one shown here. Temperature, pressure, speed of the gases, cylinder capacity and RPM are at different engines, so also require a corresponding = Corresponding size and shape of the turbine. It can also be of advantage to let the turbine work before the end of the work cycle, wherever the best useful output is achieved. -

Fresh air for cooling the engine is formed like a fan through the Cooling fins and turbine sucked in through the openings 6 in the cover 7 and for the most part discharged through the openings 8 in the end cover 9.

Some examples which explain how, with the help of cam disks, Guideways, circular so-called inclined planes (to name just a few), the conversion of pressure (expansion of gases) into rotation - * ung er = are shown in the drawings and will now be described:

The piston pin 11 is through the slots 12 in the wall of the cylinder 13 guided. He can slide in the slots 12 and the piston 14- to the lower or top dead center. If the piston is at top dead center and pressure (expansion of gases) is exerted on the piston crown, it slides Piston, and with it the piston pin, to bottom dead center. To the same Time is the piston pin, guided by the groove-shaped track 15 in sta = tionary guide cylinder 16, around its longitudinal axis, but at the same time with it the working cylinder 13 with turbine 2 and piston around its central axis, in Offset.

The guide cylinder 16 can be outside (as in Figure 1) or inside the

-6-

709821/0041

Cylinder (as in Figure 4) be arranged. From lower to upper dead = point, the piston is guided again by continuing the cylinder rotation.

The continuation of the rotation is brought about by perseverance, the previously described work in the turbine; or with multi-cylinder engines by applying pressure to another piston.

The processes described here will be continued in sequence. He = generated force, as already said, is taken from the cylinder.

The guide cylinder 16 is indicated with piston pin 11 in Figure 3, a, b, and c again shown schematically. By means of the cam track 15 shown in FIG. 3, the piston moves to the bottom twice during one cylinder revolution and twice led to top dead center, so it can be used for a four-stroke engine or when two working strokes (in one revolution) are to take place will

With this type of guideway or curve, the sloping path longer, the ascending shorter or vice versa. If the path for the work cycle is longer, it can already be done with a two-cylinder two-stroke engine it can be achieved that an uninterrupted work performance takes place, since the work cycles then overlap.

If instead of the tracks a roller bearing inclined to the cylinder axis be = uses, the cylinder is rotated 180 degrees with each stroke.

-7-

709821/00

2551U9

The inclination, length and thus the diameter of the guideways can be selected as required; the stroke is determined by their inclination and the force arm is determined by the length of the piston pin.

Figure 4 shows z. T. a two-stroke gasoline engine. The guide cylinder is designated with 16 A, the guide tracks with 15 A and 15 B, the piston pin (pin) with 11 A and 11 B; 17 is the spark plug and 19 is the carburetor. Are used here, two guide paths (15 A and 15 B) to form a "Verecken" to prevent the piston. 23 and 23 A are cover plates for the slot in the cylinder.

Figure 5 shows z. T. a double-piston gasoline engine with pistons 22 and 22 A and with two carburetors 19 A and 19 B. Guide cylinders are not shown here, as these should now be known.

In this engine, instead of through overflow ducts, the mixture is fed into the combustion chamber via valves 21 and 21 A in the piston crown. The assumed path of the gases is indicated by arrows. The work is done on gears 20 and 20 A.

When using any of the above engines as a four-stroke engine, the valves are operated by stationary cam disks.

709821/0041

Furthermore: In addition to the ones described above, another Find the way of working in the present engine application, namely a, with the "Stirling principle" named, similar to the one described below will:

In an engine similar to that shown in Figure 5, the cylinder divided by a separating valve (in a partition) and thus two ver = combustion chambers formed.

It is known that the temperature of air when it drops to around 20 to 1 is compressed, is increased to about 500 degrees Celsius; at the moment of Combustion (from Genisch} will raise the temperature to around 2000 to 2800 degrees Celsius increased, the pressure to around 30 to 50 kg. cm ^ increased.

This temperature and pressure difference (between just compress and ent = ignite) is now evaluated in the following way:

In a cylinder room, the mixture (in a mixing ratio of one part by weight of fuel to 15 parts by weight of air) is processed ¹ , ie, it is also ignited near top dead center. In the other combustion chamber, only air (or a fuel-poor mixture) was compressed at the same time.

If the mixture is ignited in a combustion chamber, the pressure is increased (as described) converted into work, but in this case only part of the pressure and temperature is used for work / c; the biggest Part of the pressure and temperature is automatic or controlled

7098 ^ 1/5041

2551U9

-β *

Isolation valve, which is open at this point in time, in the second Passed over to the combustion chamber, as the high pressure created by the combustion overcomes the compression pressure in the other combustion chamber. The success is that the compressed air is also in this combustion chamber (or mixture) expands, exerts pressure on the piston, does work converted into rotation, then enters the turbine, almost completely is evaluated. Both combustion chambers can be the same or different have a large volume.

The three or only two of the working = Ways to be applied in this engine; in either case it will be a better one Use of fuel energy and less pollution of the outside air achieved.

TÖ9821 / 0041

-r-

5. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that Pre-compressed mixture below the piston via a mixture in the piston crown valve enters the combustion chamber.

6. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that it is based on the 'Otto principle', the 'jet engine principle', one of the
Similar to the 'Stirling Principle', through two or even one of these
Principe is operated.

709821/0041

Blank page

Claims (4)

Berlin 47
Käthe-Dorsch-Ring 4 Claims (T .; internal combustion engine for motor vehicles and other purposes, thereby marked = shows that the cylinder 13 and the turbine 2 firmly ver = are bound, rotate with the piston around their own axis and an afterburning takes place in the turbine in the manner of a jet drive acts, whereby it is achieved that by the combustion process in the engine and in the turbine there is higher power and better use of fuel energy. 2. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston 14 in cylinder 13 during the rotation of the cylinder to the lower resp. top dead center, the cycles of a two- or four-stroke engine through = and the engine can work independently of the combustion process in the turbine. 3. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the combustion in the turbine is improved by supplying air into the turbine, since combustion then takes place with excess air and thus less unused or harmful gases get into the outside air. 4. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the Engine through the revolutions of the cylinder with the help of cooling fins ge = is cooled and work on the cylinder is reduced. -2- 709821/0041