DE2523471A1 - Loose or bulk material processing plant - has counter flow injection system with dust and material separators - Google Patents

Abstract

The processing plant is for use with loose or bulk materials in which the materials are processed in a chamber using injectors directed to produce counter flows of material. There is a separator device connected to the processing chamber, with a turbulence type dust separator (3) to separate the energy support medium from the material which is supported within it. The duct separator (3) is connected to the processing chamber (2) by means of its input pipe (4), and by means of another pipe (5) to the separator (6).

Description

Treatment plant for bulk materials The invention relates to Treatment systems for bulk goods such as cement, gypsum, sulfur, food, polymers and compositional materials made from them as well as other easily melting, non-thermostable, chemically highly reactive and easily oxidizing materials.

The invention can be used in the building materials industry, in ore mining, metallurgy, in the chemical industry, the medical preparation industry and the food industry be used.

Depending on the method of treatment of the bulk goods mentioned in the inventive The system can process the material down to any degree of fineness, including fractions a decimeter can be crushed to a fraction of a micron. It can further several materials can be mixed and homogenized, it can remove the surface of Particles of the materials to be treated are cleaned and smoothed. It can one or the other component of a crushed raw ore is excreted. Moist materials can be dried and, if necessary, fired will. There can be uninterrupted chemical reactions between those in the plant materials to be treated are carried out.

It is a treatment system for bulk materials known, which consists of a There is a countercurrent jet mill, which contains injectors in which the material to be crushed Material detected by an energy carrier consisting of compressed gas and except for one the speed approaching the energy carrier speed is accelerated. In addition, the mill contains a central chamber into which the mentioned injectors are installed coaxially and facing each other. The chamber allows unhindered Colliding and splitting of the material to be shredded. The plant contains also a separator connected to the chamber, which the finished product of insufficient crushed material (intermediate product), d. H.

the mixture of product and energy carrier emerging from the chamber separates. The separator is connected to the injectors via pipes, which Remove the intermediate product for regrinding (see, for example, the specialist book by W. I. Akunow "Jet Mills", State Publishing House for Mechanical Engineering (Maschgis), Moscow, 1967, Pp. 115-117, 138-141, 229-235).

In the known systems, the material is there all the time in the medium of a gaseous energy carrier such as superheated steam or hot compressed air i.a., which is usually a high temperature and a has a high oxidizing capacity. This is at a number of technological Processes the use of the mentioned jet mill impossible or inexpedient. For example, it is not permissible for certain materials to be exposed to high temperatures for a long time - Energy carriers remain whose temperature corresponds to optimal grinding conditions. Such materials are plaster of paris, which turns into plaster of paris - hemihydrate or anhydrous plaster of paris, Cement, the overheating of which causes the permissible setting times to be exceeded, Sulfur, which melts when heated significantly, certain polymers and their composition materials (of them become single monomers and less complicated polymeric structures split off) among others ..

It is also inadmissible that easily oxidizing materials such as food, those in the aforementioned media in terms of taste and nutritional value and their normal Lose color in oxygen-rich compressed air or in water vapor for a long time remain. Many chemicals, alkali and alkaline earth metals, e.g. B. lithium, sodium, Calcium, magnesium which oxidize quickly when remaining in the media mentioned, as well as other substances belong to the above-mentioned materials. Belong to them also fast hydrating substances such as quicklime (CaO).

The disadvantages mentioned make it necessary as an energy source Compared to some other energy sources, expensive, ordinary compressed air or to use even more expensive inert gas. In a number of establishments the Use of jet mills is dispensed with and it must be used to treat the aforementioned Materials in operation expensive and bulky mills with grinding media (balls, rollers, Grinding stones, firing pins) can be used.

As a result of what has been set out above, the field of application of the jet mills is limited and the cost of material handling is high.

The aim of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks mentioned.

The invention is based on the object of a treatment system for To create bulk goods, the structural design of which ensures that an oxidizing, hydrating and at the same time very economical high-temperature energy source (Hot air, superheated steam, etc.) from the respective material directed to the separation is separated, so that it is possible for a long-term action of the energy carrier to avoid the material being treated during the treatment process as well maintain the composition and properties of the material to be treated, thereby expanding the field of application of the jet mills and the treated product cheaper will.

The problem posed is achieved in that a treatment system for bulk goods, the latter in countercurrent with the help of built-in chambers and opposing injectors and one with the chamber and the injectors connected separator are treated, according to the invention with a turbulence dust collector (Vortex dust separator) for separating the energy carrier from the one that is directed to the separation Material is equipped, with the dust collector via its inlet nozzle with the chamber and a nozzle for removing the settled particles with the separator connected is.

If a particularly fine one, through the one in the injectors and in the Chamber consumed energy carriers entrained, which did not get into the separator Product fraction excreted and collected as well as that emerging from the system If energy sources are to be cleaned particularly cleanly, the system is equipped with a Dust catcher is provided, which is connected to a nozzle through which the energy carrier is discharged from the turbulence dust collector.

If a separator is provided in the treatment plant for bulk materials is, whose working principle is that solid particles by blowing in a suspended state are separated, the separator is equipped with a device for venting the in material located there and for discharging the finished product from the separator provided, this device having a fan that pushes gas into the separator and at the same time the airborne matter created in the separator with the finished product sucks, and contains a dust collector connected to the separator, which is used for Separation of the product from the air suspension is used and through a pipeline connected to the fan.

The essence of the system according to the invention consists in the following.

Since the system according to the invention with a turbulence dust settler for Separation of the energy carrier from the material directed for separation is provided, it became possible to immediately post the energy carrier from the bulk material to be treated Completion of its work in the injectors and in the chamber to remove. Through this it will be possible to have a long-term effect of the cheap, but in relation to that the material to be treated to avoid aggressive energy carriers on the material, the latter retaining its properties. In this way the area of application the jet mills expanded and the product treated in them cheaper.

If the turbulence dust collector is equipped with a dust collector (filter, scrubber etc.), the latter separates the finest of the energy carriers Product fraction from, those left behind in him and not in the The separator. This makes it possible in the form of an additional product to preserve its very high quality, particularly fine fraction and also the dust, which pollutes the environment.

If a special self-contained ventilation device for the material is used in the separator, a gas with parameters is used for this purpose used that are optimal for the separation process. When using such It becomes a self-contained device, apart from the fact that the actual one is cheaper technological process, it is possible to add the material (thermal, chemical, physico-chemical), to be treated with a very high degree of effectiveness, since all of them Particles of material are separated from each other and do not touch, their being fresh resulting surface is not soiled.

In this way, the system according to the invention makes it possible to reduce costs for material treatment, e.g. B. the crushing in comparison with the known Reduce plant by 10 to 30%. When running two or more at the same time technological operations (drying, enrichment, crushing, mixing, homogenizing, Subdivide according to grain size, processing with reactants, etc.) in the plant the total costs of the operations carried out in it are 2 to 3 times higher less.

For a better understanding of the essence of the invention it is presented below of specific embodiments of the treatment plant according to the invention for bulk materials, which in the present case consists of a jet mill, with reference to the drawings explained in more detail; FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a jet mill with a centrifugal separator, Fig. 2 the same mill with a switched on in the system Bag filter and FIG. 3 the jet mill with a structurally different design Separator.

The jet mill shown in the drawings is used for grinding of particles of a charge in cement production by collision (Clinker with gypsum additions and in some cases with mineral additions), whereby the grinding product (cement) has significantly poorer properties if it is used for a long time remains in a Roch temperature medium.

The jet mill shown in Fig. 1 contains two mutually directed Injectors 1, which are installed coaxially in a chamber 2, a turbulence dust collector 3, which is connected to the chamber 2 via its inlet connection 4 and via a connection 5 for removing the deposited particles with a centrifugal separator 6 as well via / dissipating the energy source Nozzle 7 with a suction line 8 is connected, and also a fan 9, which is connected to the suction line 8 is.

The centrifugal separator 6 contains a rotor 10 with a drive 11, a connector 12 for supplying the material separated from the energy carrier to the rotor 10 and a funnel 13 with an outlet nozzle 14. The system has also an elevator 15, which has the intermediate product (in the chamber 2 incomplete treated material) discharge pipe 16 is connected to the separator 6, while a pipeline 17 connects the elevator to a receiving hopper 18. The system also has a feeder 19, feed lines 20, which the Connect the feed apparatus 19 to the injectors 1, a steam boiler 21 and steam lines 22, which connect the steam boiler to the nozzles 23 of the inactors 1.

The injectors 1 are used to accelerate the particles of the starting material, which in chamber 2 for treatment (in this example for grinding and mixing) got. The turbulence dust collector 3 separates the energy carrier from the one to be separated Material which is supplied from the chamber 2 via the inlet connection 4.

The nozzle 5 for removing the deposited particles guides the material in the separator 6, while the nozzle 7, the excreted energy carrier in the Suction line 8 leads.

The fan 9 is used to suck off the energy source and to Lead out the same from the plant. The separator 6 is for separating the material, which was treated in chamber 2, determined in finished and intermediate product. The through the drive 11 set in rotation rotor 10 centrifuges the material, which is brought up via the device 12 for separation. The product separator 13 serves to collect the product obtained by separation and discharge it from the separator via the outlet nozzle 14.

The intermediate product elevator 15 is incomplete for returning the treated material via the pipe 17 into the receiving hopper 18 and the Feeding apparatus 19 determined. Of the.

Steam boiler 21 generates the energy carrier (superheated steam), which is passed via the steam line 22 into the nozzles 23 of the injectors 1.

The system according to the invention works as follows.

The material to be crushed and mixed (feed material for Cement production) comes from the receiving hopper 18 (Fig. 1) into the feeder 19 and via the pipelines 20 into the injectors 1. The charge particles are in the injectors by gas flows (energy carrier flows), in the present Example by flows of superheated steam, detected, which through the nozzles 23 with 0.05 to 50 atmospheres pressure are supplied from the steam boiler 21 via the steam line 22, accelerated and entered into chamber 2 at great speed.

In the chamber 2, the charge particles, which by the directed injectors are directed against each other, crushed when they collide and mixed at the same time. The shredded and mixed material is used as an energy source entrained and enters the chamber 2 in the form of a carrier-dust mixture the turbulence dust collector 3. Here the energy carrier is separated from the material, which is passed into the separator 6 via the nozzles 5 and 12. The energy carrier is sucked off by the fan 9 via the nozzle 7 and the pipeline 8.

In the separator 6 are coarse material particles (intermediate product), the were insufficiently treated in the chamber 2 due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotor 10 thrown against the separator walls and roll down them into the pipeline 16, which brings you to elevator 15. Fine particles of finished product (cement) settle in the funnel 13 (Fig. 1 and 2) and are via the outlet nozzle 14 from the Plant removed and directed to its destination.

The intermediate product is fed into the receiving hopper by the elevator 15 18 funded, where it is with the raw material to be shredded (feed material) is mixed, and then enters the feed apparatus 19. Then the intermediate product again mixed in the plant and treated as described above.

The jet mill shown in Fig. 2 consists of the same assemblies and assemblies like that shown in Fig. 1, but also includes one Dust catcher, which is designed in the form of a bag filter 24. The dust catcher is via its inlet nozzle 25 and the suction line 8 with the turbulence dust collector 3 and connected to the fan 9 via an outlet nozzle 26. The dust catcher has a dust chamber 27, fabric hoses 28 and a chamber 29 for cleaned Gas.

The dust collector is used to separate the very finest product fraction from the energy carrier, which was not collected in the turbulence dust collector 3. The fabric tubes 28 are a material separating element, while the Dust chamber 27 serves as a receptacle for the deposited material and the Chamber 29 for purified gas is a collector for the purified energy carrier, which is passed to the fan 9 via the nozzle 26. The task of the latter consists in removing the energy source used up in the injectors and in the chamber, whose pressure has already been used up, from the mill and in the creation of a negative pressure all along the conveyor path of the mill, creating dust over any leaks is prevented.

The dusty energy source, which in the turbulence dust collector 3 has been separated from the bulk of the material sent for separation, is Via the suction line 8 to the inlet connection 25, into the dust chamber 27 and further guided into the fabric tubes 28. Here he is filtering through the latter of the very finest product fraction carried away from the turbulence dust collector 3 cleaned and accumulates in the cleaned gas chamber 29, from where it is over the nozzle 26 is passed out of the system by the fan 9.

In Fig. 3, a jet mill is shown with a separator, the The working principle is that solid particles are suspended by blowing on them be segregated. The mill contains the following, already in the description of Fig. 1 mentioned assemblies and parts: injectors 1, a chamber 2, a turbulence dust separator 3 with an inlet connection 4, a connection 5 for discharging the deposited particles and with a nozzle 7 for discharging the energy source, a suction line 8, a Fan 9, an elevator 15, a discharge line 16, a pipe 17, a receiving funnel 18, a feed apparatus 19, feed line 20, a steam boiler 21, a steam line 22 and nozzles 23 in the injectors f. The separator 6, which has a rotor 10 with has a drive 11 and a nozzle 12, has an inlet nozzle 30 and an outlet nozzle 31. The separator 6 has a device to the Aeration of the material in it and for the discharge of the finished product, which consists of a fan 32, which is connected to the inlet nozzle via a pipe 33 30 of the separator 6 is connected, and there is a turbulence dust separator 34, via a pipe 35 to the outlet nozzle 31 of the separator 6 and over a pipe 36 is connected to the fan 32. The ventilation device contains also a bypass line 37 with a throttle valve 38.

The fan 32 is used to convey working gas (outside air) via the Pipeline 33 and the nozzle 30 in the separator 6, which is used to separate the material is determined in the product (cement) and intermediate product. The turbulence dust collector 34 is a device for separating the finished product and for removing it the same from the plant. The pipe 35 is used to feed a mixture from working gas and product to the dust settler 34, while the pipe 36 to Returning the working gas separated from the product into the fan 32 is intended. The bypass line 37 with the throttle slide 38 is used to return excess Working gas into the fan 32 without passing through the separator 6.

All assemblies and parts of the system that are identical to in Fig. 3 the assemblies and parts of the jet mill shown in Fig. 1 are working analogue. The operation of the newly added assemblies and Parts described.

The fan 32 is via the pipeline 33 and the nozzle 30 Working gas pressed into the separator 6. While flowing through that by means of the runner 10 material centrifuged in the separator, the working gas separates the finely ground material Finished product (cement in this example) and arrives in the form of an in the suspended carrier-finished product mixture via the nozzle 31 and the Pipeline 35 in the turbulence dust settler 34. In the latter, the cement is from Working gas separated and discharged to be forwarded to its place of use to become. The working gas is fed back into the fan 32 via the pipeline 36 and its work cycle repeats itself, i. H. the ventilation device is working in a closed circuit.

When the flow rate of the working gas in the separator decreases is to be, part of the gas is passed through the bypass line 37, without passing through the separator 6. The amount of working gas flowing through the bypass line and thus the gas flow rate in the separator is controlled by means of the throttle valve 38 regulated.

The use of the plant according to the invention makes it possible for grinding and mixing of the feedstock in cement making is inexpensive and highly effective To use energy sources (superheated high-temperature steam) and thereby cement production cheaper and at the same time cement with To maintain properties which is determined by the composition of its load and its fineness will.

Claims (3)

Claims 1. Treatment plant for bulk goods, in which the bulk goods are in countercurrent with the help of injectors built into a chamber and directed against one another as well as a separator connected to the chamber and the injectors are treated, D a n u r c h e k e n n n n e i nt e i n e t that they are using a turbulence dust collector (3) Equipped for separating the energy carrier from the material directed for separation is, the dust collector (3) via its inlet connection (4) with the chamber (2) and via a nozzle (5) for removing the settled particles with the separator (6) is connected. 2. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that they are with one Dust catcher (24) is provided, which is connected to a nozzle (7) through which the energy carrier is discharged from the turbulence dust collector (3). 3. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, if one Separator is provided, the principle of which is that solid particles be separated by blowing in the floating state, which is with a device for Ventilate the material in it and discharge the finished product the separator is, this device is a fan (32), which presses gas into the separator (6) and at the same time the gas in the separator (6) sucks resulting, suspended carrier-finished product mixture, as well as contains a dust collector (34) connected to the separator (6) and used for separating of the product from the carrier-product mixture is used and through a pipe (36) is connected to a fan (32).