DE2448623A1 - Fan impeller with parallel discs carrying blades - is rotatable on stationary shaft and has external drive means - Google Patents

Abstract

The impeller may have a hollow hub carried on the stationary shaft and spokes connecting the impeller periphery with the hub. There may be two sets of spokes, each set connecting one of two discs with the hub, the spokes of one set crossing those of the other. The impeller may be driven on its periphery, preferably on the rim of one disc. There may be more than two discs arranged one above the other, each carrying blades. The intermediate discs may have a wave profile, the waves of one disc engaging those of an adjacent disc and serving as blades.

Description

MANITZ, FINSTERWALD & GRÄMKOW

Munich the 11th / kt. 1974 E 2024

Establishments BERRT S.A.

92 Hue Bonte-Pollet,

59020 LILLE (Nord), France

Fans with wheels and blades

The invention relates to fans or blowers having a bath with two discs between them delimit a space provided with wings along which a gaseous fluid is centrifugal or centripetal direction.

The aim of the invention is to facilitate the construction, assembly and operation of such devices.

The invention is particularly useful for cooling towers Forced suction, air cooler and other systems can be used where the advantage of the wheel fans the auger fans, especially their lower ones

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DR G MANITZ - DIPL.-ING. M. FINSTERWALD DIP L. -ING. W. GRAMKOW ZENTRALKASSE BAYER. FOLK BANKS MÖNCHEN 22 ROBERT-KOCH-STR ASSE I 7 STUTTCART SO (BAD CANNSTATT) MONCH EN. ACCOUNT NUMBER 7 2 TEL (089.224211. TELEX 5-29672 PATMF SEELBERGSTR. 23/25. TEL. (071I) S6 72 61 POST CHECK: MÖNCHEN 77062 -

Sound level as well as their high manometric ability can be exploited. One of these systems is in French patent application No. 73 04247 of February 7, 1973 ("water cooler with forced suction").

A fan wheel with two discs, between which a space equipped with blades is delimited according to the invention characterized by a hollow hub which can be rotatably mounted on a stationary shaft is. This arrangement has a significant advantage over the splined shaft wheels. if namely, the shaft is rotatably mounted, it must generally be provided with two pivot bearings. if if these are arranged on both sides of the wheel, at least one of them is the one inside the storage arranged by the fan operated line, difficult to access and is the flowing through Fluid directly exposed to its influence due to its temperature, its corrosive properties or can be harmful in other ways. If both pivot bearings are out of line and on the same side of the wheel, a sufficiently long shaft must be provided to ensure the stability of the device is guaranteed. This increases the space requirement and the installation costs.

If, on the other hand, the shaft is fixed, a single fixed support bearing is sufficient, which requires no maintenance requires and, as a result, can be placed inside the conduit if so desired.

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A wheel mounted in this way can, by direct action on one of its disks, for example on a rim to be driven.

Another advantage of this arrangement is that A drive of the wheel by several motors can be provided without difficulty, one and the other individually can be switched off, whereby an adjustment of the throughput with the highest efficiency possible · The required performance range is very wide compared to the throughput range and can go through a single engine - at least over a large part of the operating range - only with a mediocre one Efficiency can be achieved.

Mounting on a fixed shaft allows each disc to have the 3? Shape of a ring with a wide one central opening can be given, which is connected to the hub in a suitable manner by spokes. Such a wheel is considerably lighter than the wheels commonly used and its weight can still be increased can be reduced in that a relatively small force is used to achieve a given drive torque is sufficient if this is applied to the circumference of the wheel.

Regarding the installation of such a wheel inside or at the mouth of a conduit or a Housing, for example, a cooling tower, the invention allows an arrangement according to which one of the two disks protruding in the radial direction from the housing, which the assembly of the engine system outside

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of the housing and reducing the space required inside. This arrangement continues to offer the advantage that inspection and maintenance work on the drive system are facilitated and that this is protected against the direct action of the fluid flowing inside the housing.

If necessary, the housing has at the level of the outside entry or exit side of the Hades an air outlet or air inlet slot.

Such a housing may have devices that can change the axial width of the same Allow slot. One of these means is that the slot is formed by making two separate ones Housing elements are arranged at a distance from each other, one of the elements is mounted so that it can move axially relative to the other.

Such housings with a slot of variable width are particularly useful for fan wheels applicable as described in French patent application No. 7308796 of March 13, 1973 ("Rotierende Fluid devices, particularly fans and turbines ") are described.

In this patent application a device is described with a wheel with two outer discs and is provided with one or more washers through which the space between the outer Discs is divided into several spaces each provided with wings, and the coaxial, side by side

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Form nete and firmly connected individual wheels. In the same patent application a screen is described which is axially movable with respect to the Had and so is designed to be the inner or outer entry or exit side of any desired Number of single wheels can cover.

According to a particularly expedient arrangement, one and the same is used fixedly mounted in the axis of the wheel Shaft as a carrier on which the wheel turns, and at the same time as a carrier on which one of the two elements of the housing, which together form a slot with a variable axial width, can slide or is axially movable.

According to the invention are also for the above-described Fan wheels proposed different types of manufacture, which have different advantages, in particular a reduction in manufacturing costs and great ease of transportation.

Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of several exemplary embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings is taken. Show it:

Fig. 1 is an axial section through an in the upper part fan wheel mounted on a cooling tower,

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section along the line II-II of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 shows a horizontal section along the line IH-III of Fig. 4 through a detail of one Blading sector of a fan wheel,

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4 shows a view of this blading sector according to arrow IV of FIG. 3,

Fig. 5 and 6 other embodiments of the fan

one
wheel in / of Fig. 4 corresponding view,

7, 8 and 9 details of another embodiment of the fan wheel and

10 shows a modification of this embodiment.

Fig. 1 shows in a vertical axial section the upper end of a water cooling tower according to the above French patent application No. 73 04 247. This tower essentially has a water sprinkler lining (not shown) which is shown in FIG an elongated vertical housing is arranged, which in its lower part with air inlet openings is provided and at its upper end carries a suction fan with wheel and blades.

The housing of the tower has a main body 1, which has a square shape in cross section, and an upper circular opening 2, the circular profile being completely within the square profile and the transition between the two profiles is ensured by a housing part 3, which gradually tapers towards the top.

At the level of the upper opening 2, a block 4 is provided in the vertical axis of the tower, which of Struts 5 »6 is borne, which is located on the inner surface of the housing part 3.

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This block 4 forms the lower holder of a vertical one Shaft 7 to which it is rigidly attached.

The upper opening 2 is delimited by a collar 8 with an angled profile. This angle profile has a vertical lower leg 9 »which is directly with the housing part 3 is connected, and an upper horizontal leg 10, which with respect to the leg is directed radially outward.

The fixed shaft 7 with a vertical axis is used as a pivot for a suction fan wheel R. This has a series of discs that are in the vertical Axis of the wheel are arranged side by side, namely a lower disk 11, eight intermediate disks 12 and an upper disk 13.

The intermediate disks 12 are axially in alignment with the collar 8 and have approximately the same radial dimension like this one.

The outer diameter of the disks 12 and 13 is approximately the same as that of the collar 8, the lower disk 11 is standing but on this outside it stands out considerably. The reason for this arrangement is explained below.

The discs 11 and 13 each consist of a single relatively rigid piece in the form of a ring or in the form of several sectors, each extending over an arc of a circle and rigidly with one another are connected. The disks 12 each consist of eight elements 12A. Each element 12A consists of .A thin plate 14, which is in the form of a circular ring

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sector that extends over an angle of 45 °, is cut out of the sheet metal and provided on its top with four axially upwardly directed ribs 15 is. In this way, eight circumferentially aligned members 12A with the thin plates 14 of the immediately overlying elements 12A is a fan wheel element, the ribs 15 of which are the blades form.

Appropriately, the elements 12A of a disk 12 are against the elements of the immediately adjacent ones Disc or discs arranged offset.

The discs 11, 12 and 13 are made in a suitable manner held rigidly connected to one another, for example by welding, gluing, screwing 3 to 6, which relate to structural modifications, show some of these types of connection.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the wheel R is provided with a sleeve-shaped hub 16, which has a lower flange 17 and an upper flange 18. Struts 19 connect the lower flange 17 of the hollow hub 16 rigidly with the upper disc 13 of the wheel R and struts 20 connect to the same Way the upper flange 18 with the lower disk 11 of the wheel R. These struts 19 and 20 form crosswise arranged spokes of the wheel.

The lower disk 11 is provided on its circumference or outer edge with an angled portion 21, which by a Area of greater strength is formed.

The surface 3 of the cooling tower that is inclined relative to the vertical

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can serve as a carrier for a motor 22, which with a drive pulley 25 is coupled. At the inclined surface 3 is also one formed by a spring 25 applied deflection pulley 24- mounted. An endless belt runs over these two pulleys 26. The two pulleys are located near the bend 21 and the angular distance between them is chosen so that the inner portion 26 of the belt 25 with the angled portion 21 of the pulley 11 in contact comes so that the motor 22 drive the wheel R via a belt drive and by friction on the F # lge can. Here, the tension of the spring 25 in the contact between the elements 21 and 26 the pressure is established which is necessary for the transmission of the required drive torque to the wheel R. is.

Above the wheel R of the suction fan is> one bell-shaped cap 27 is provided which has a flattened conical top wall 28 and a cylindrical shell 29 has a vertical axis, the inner diameter of which is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the disks 12 and 1 $. At the center of the top wall 28 the cap has a protruding part 30 in the form a downwardly open cylindrical pot with a vertical axis, which is closed at the top by a wall 31 is provided with a threaded hole in its center is. The threaded rod 32 of a screw jack 33 enters this

The cap 2? can, for their "adjustment, also on each any other way, for example hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically, can be operated.

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The unit 32, 33, which is mounted on the front end of the shaft 7, is freely rotatable, but with respect to the Axially blocked shaft. The sleeve-shaped part of the protruding Part 30 is on the shaft 7 by a known connection, such as a spring and Grooved connection, fitted, which blocks the protruding part 30 from rotating with respect to the shaft, at the same time it can be displaced upwards or downwards in the axis of the shaft. By actuation the screw jack 33 can thus the cap 27 be raised or lowered as desired, whereby with the jacket 29 - starting from above - one or more individual wheels of the fan are covered In this way, the operating conditions of the fan during commissioning or during the Operation can be changed easily.

Another advantage of the system described above is the drive of the fan wheel on the Rim. This allows the motor outside of the tower (or - generally speaking - outside of the air duct) to be ordered. For this purpose, a transition area between the normal cross-section of the line is possibly created and their mouth used. This will facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the engine and this will also to a certain extent prior to exposure of the fluid flowing in the line is protected

Through the rim drive, the drive and Moments of resistance caused forces almost at all not on the hub and on them with the Discs connecting elements. This can do that

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Weight of the wheel can be reduced and its manufacturing and operating costs can be reduced.

Figures 3 and 4 show details of a wheel, which is quite similar to the wheel described above, but has twelve elements 12A for each disc 12, each of which extends over an arc of only $ 0 ° extends. As FIG. 4 clearly shows, the elements 12Δ of a disk are opposite to the elements of the or the adjacent discs arranged offset. The discs are pressed against each other by bolts 34 and are held at an appropriate distance by the wings 15, which form struts or spacers.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, each The cheek element 12A is shaped by pressing, deep drawing or in some other way in such a way that - in the position shown in FIG The view shown is seen on the rim - has a profile with trapezoidal waves. The wave depressions a disk are attached to the corresponding elevations of the disk below. The strength of the material used prevents them from sticking together completely and holds the panes in place separated from each other. This distance is also ensured by the spacer sleeves 35 that the Clamping bolt 34 surrounded. So this is what it is to a construction in which with a single starting material in the form of a sheet, a foil or a Plate is formed by simply molding a winged disc element, the wings through the flanks of the corrugations are formed.

Another embodiment, the one shown in Fig. 5

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The embodiment shown is similar, is shown in Fig. 6, which shows a developed circumferential view. This embodiment differs from the previous one in particular in the rectangular shape of its corrugations. In this WelXtmg the length of the elevations is less than the separating them wells and the adjacent discs are mutually angularly offset from each other _s that the tops of the projections of a disc with the bottoms of the recesses of an adjacent disk come into contact.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, each had or individual wheel consists of several Parts 36, each of which is formed from a plate 36A (Fig.9) cut out of a sheet metal istj that it has a rectangular central part, that of two parallelogram-shaped, mirror images symmetrical parts is flanked. Each plate 36A is along the two dividing lines 39 between their three parts bent, so that an element 36 is obtained which looks like a book cover, with part 37 the back and the parts 38 form the two covers. A series of elements 36 which are partially nested and arranged in a circular line are by rent 40 or on any other Connection type connected to each other ^ so that a Fan wheel is formed, whose blades from the parts 37 ^ nd whose discs from the overlapping with each other connected parts 38 consist "

In a representation corresponding to FIG. 7, FIG. 10 shows a modification in which the parts 38 are not

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are parallelogram-shaped but trapezoidal, so that between adjacent parts 38 overlap areas 41 (hatched) with constant width arise.

The wheels of the invention are particularly useful in irrigation cooling towers applicable. They are also useful in air condensers and for a variety of other purposes. The diameter of these wheels can reach several meters. This brings with it transport difficulties, which can, however, be easily solved by the invention. As namely the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 and the modification of FIGS. 3 and 4 show, the intermediate disks consist of several separate ones Ring sectors, each extending over part of the circumference. A similar embodiment can also be provided for the outer panes. Here are only the crossed spokes 19 and 20 to loosen from the two disks 11 and 13 and to bend towards the hub and are the connections between the sectors that make up the disks, separate to make the wheel into several easily transportable To dismantle parts as there is no connection between the washer sectors. On the Construction site the bike is reassembled by ·; conversely, the connection between the sectors of the outer discs and between the outer discs and the spokes to connect to the hub again will be produced.

The invention is not limited to the arrangements described and illustrated above, but can be modified and changes to, for example, a drive by rollers or gears and other uses.

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Claims (1)

Claims Fan wheel with at least two side blades and blades, characterized that it can be rotatably mounted on a fixed shaft. 2. Fan wheel according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that it has a hollow hub for mounting on a fixed shaft and spokes, which connect the circumference of the wheel to the hub, owns. 5. fan wheel according to claim 2, characterized characterized in that it has two sets of spokes which each connect to one of the hub connect the two panes and cross each other. 4-, fan wheel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by applying a driving force to the circumference, can be driven, for example, on one of the two disks, in particular on the rim of a disk. 5. Fan wheel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it in addition to the side disks, has one or more intermediate disks, which together contain several delimit spaces provided with blading and form fixed, coaxial, side by side individual wheels, 6 «, fan wheel according to claim 5, characterized characterized in that the washers la a circumferential section a profile with mutually internal -15 -6098 1 7 / 0U4 has interlocking corrugations, the wings the blading are formed by at least some of the flanks of these corrugations. 7. fan wheel according to claim 5, characterized in that the intermediate discs in a circumferential section a profile in the form of rectangular Have waves whose elevations have a smaller width than the depressions separating them, and that adjacent discs are angularly offset from one another so that the tops of the elevations one Disc come into contact with the bottoms of the wells of an adjacent disc. 8. fan wheel according to claim 5, characterized characterized in that the washers consist of flat elements, which are provided with wing-forming ribs, which optionally also spacer elements form between the discs of the wheel. 9 · Fan wheel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that they has at least one unit of two bladed disks made up of elements in the form of book covers are made of bent sheet metal, for example, which are partially nested and in are arranged in a circle, with the covers of the "book covers" the two discs and their chucks the Form the blades of the blades. 10. Fan wheel according to claim 5 or one of claims 6 to 9 »marked thereby t that the or each washer is made up of several -16- R09817 / 01 Elements consists that each extend over an arc of a circle and are separated from one another. 11. Fan wheel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the side windows each consist of several elements, each extending over a circular arc and are rigidly connected to one another. 12. Fan wheel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized that it is coupled to several drive motors which act on at least one of its disks and their each can be commissioned and decommissioned independently of the other engine or engines can. 13. Plant with a fan wheel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized that they are in or at the mouth of a line, in particular a cooling tower or an air condenser, is mounted. 14. System with a fan wheel according to claim 13 » characterized in that it has at least one element, in particular a disc, has, which protrudes radially on the outside of the line. 15- System with a fan wheel according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that they have at least one possibly outside an assigned line has drive group located eccentrically on a wheel element acts, which may protrude from the line. -17- 609817/0144 16. System with a fan wheel according to claim. 15 » characterized in that the drive group is inclined on an inclined relative to the vertical Line surface is mounted. 17. System with a fan wheel according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized net that the line has a slot that is provided opposite the outer inlet or outlet opening. 18. System with a fan wheel according to claim 17 »characterized in that it Has means for optionally changing the width of the slot. 19- system with a fan wheel according to claim 18, characterized in that it is arranged at the mouth of the line and that a bell-shaped element is arranged on the outside next to or above it, the slot is left free between the end edge of the conduit and an opposite edge of the bell. 20. System with a fan wheel according to claim 19, characterized in that the bell-shaped element for optionally changing the Width of the slot is movable in axial sighting with respect to the line. 21. Plant with a fan wheel according to claim 20, characterized in that the bell-shaped element is slidably mounted on the stationary shaft carrying the wheel. -18- 609817/0144 22. A method for transporting a fan wheel according to claims 10 and 11, characterized in that g e that the connections between the elements that make up the side windows, and the connections between the side disks and the hub are released, ao that the hub from the peripheral part can be separated and this can be broken down into several units. 809817/0144