EP3312427B1 - Ventilator with ventilator wheel and guide wheel - Google Patents

Ventilator with ventilator wheel and guide wheel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3312427B1
EP3312427B1 EP17189145.0A EP17189145A EP3312427B1 EP 3312427 B1 EP3312427 B1 EP 3312427B1 EP 17189145 A EP17189145 A EP 17189145A EP 3312427 B1 EP3312427 B1 EP 3312427B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fan
stator
flow
fan wheel
wheel
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EP17189145.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3312427A1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Gebert
Thomas Heli
Eugen Kleinhanß
Ann-Kathrin Löber
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Ebm Papst Mulfingen GmbH and Co KG
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Ebm Papst Mulfingen GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/325—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow fans
    • F04D29/329—Details of the hub
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/542—Bladed diffusers
    • F04D29/544—Blade shapes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
    • F04D19/002—Axial flow fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/542—Bladed diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/545—Ducts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
    • F15D1/02—Influencing flow of fluids in pipes or conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/667—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by influencing the flow pattern, e.g. suppression of turbulence

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fan with a fan wheel and a guide wheel.
  • guide wheels in fans is known from the prior art.
  • the DE 10 2012 109 542 A1 an axial fan with a guide wheel designed as a flow straightener, which is also referred to in the technical field as a guide wheel.
  • One object of the invention is therefore to provide a fan with a lathe guide wheel that enables a compact axial design while at the same time improving the flow characteristics.
  • a fan is proposed with a fan wheel having fan blades, which extends radially outwards about an axis of rotation of the fan and whose radial outer circumference determines a fan wheel diameter.
  • the fan also includes a guide wheel with air guide webs arranged at a distance in the axial flow direction to the fan wheel, which guide wheel also extends radially outwards and has a guide wheel diameter that is smaller than the fan wheel diameter, so that the guide wheel determines a partial cross-sectional area of a fan wheel cross-sectional area.
  • the guide wheel Due to the guide wheel having a smaller diameter than the fan wheel, it is possible to reduce the distance between the fan wheel and the guide wheel, ie to position the guide wheel closer to the fan wheel in the flow direction. On the one hand, this reduces the size of the fan in the axial flow direction and, on the other hand, it improves its noise characteristics. The fundamentally known effect of equalizing the Flow and prevention of backflow are retained anyway. In addition, due to the small amount of space required, the guide wheel can be retrofitted to existing fans.
  • Another advantageous aspect of the guide wheel which has a reduced diameter compared to the fan wheel, is that the pressure difference over the smaller cross section of the guide wheel is lower, so that the risk of icing is reduced when used in refrigeration technology.
  • the fan wheel has a fan wheel hub and a blade section through which air can flow, adjoining the fan wheel hub in the radial direction up to the outer circumference of the fan wheel.
  • the guide wheel comprises a guide wheel hub and a guide section adjoining the guide wheel hub in the radial direction up to the outer circumference of the guide wheel. It is advantageous if the diameter ratio of the guide section to the blade section is in a range from 0.1 to 0.8, more preferably in a range from 0.2 to 0.5. No separate component has to be provided as the guide wheel hub; rather, the guide wheel hub can also be formed by elements of other components, for example a motor housing.
  • the guide wheel is formed with a width in the axial flow direction which corresponds to 0.02 to 0.1 (i.e. 2% - 10%) of the fan wheel diameter.
  • the reference for adjusting the diffuser width is the fan wheel diameter.
  • the geometric design of the diffuser has direct flow effects, with the dimensions described above, both individually and cumulatively, leading to the turbulent components and the radial component in the radial inner area of the air flow generated by the fan being reduced.
  • the outflow angle in the meridian plane essentially approaches the optimum value of zero, so that the backflow that usually occurs in the hub or radial inner area is eliminated against the direction of flow generated.
  • the positive effect of the guide wheel and the compact design are also promoted by the fact that the minimum distance in the axial direction of flow between the fan wheel and the guide wheel is in a range of 0.01 and 0.2, more preferably in a range of 0.01 and 0 .05 of the fan wheel diameter.
  • a design variant in which the guide wheel has an outer circumferential ring on its radial outer circumference is also favorable in terms of flow technology.
  • the outer peripheral ring is preferably designed with thin walls and has a radial thickness that corresponds to 0.002 to 0.015 of the fan wheel diameter.
  • the outer peripheral ring is designed to run all the way around the guide wheel and has a non-angular cross section in axial section.
  • the outer circumferential ring then also promotes an increase in the rigidity of the stator.
  • the outer peripheral ring runs radially outwards relative to the axis of rotation at an angle ⁇ of 5-25°, more preferably of 5-10° in the axial direction of flow.
  • Another design variant of the fan is characterized in that the guide wheel hub runs radially outwards in the axial flow direction at an angle ⁇ of up to 60° to the axis of rotation, i.e. the guide wheel hub is conical in flow direction.
  • the stator has an inner ring radially adjacent to the stator hub, which is set at an angle ⁇ of up to 60° to the axis of rotation in the axial direction of flow, preferably over the entire width of the guide wheel, runs radially outwards.
  • the pitching of the stator hub or the inner ring adjoining the stator hub directs the air flow generated by the fan wheel in the radially inner area in a radially outward direction away from the axis of rotation of the fan.
  • stator hub or the inner ring forms a nozzle with the outer peripheral ring with a flow cross section that decreases in the direction of flow.
  • an axial section shows the upper half of an (axial) fan 1 with a fan wheel 2 extending radially outwards about the axis of rotation RA of the fan 1 and a guide wheel 4 arranged in the axial direction of flow at a very small distance A from the fan wheel 2, where the distance A corresponds to a value of 0.02 of the fan wheel diameter Dv.
  • the lower half, not shown, of the fan 1 is mirror-symmetrical.
  • the fan wheel 2 has a plurality of fan blades 3 which are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction and which each extend radially outwards from the fan wheel hub 12 and thereby increase their axial width.
  • Alternative fan blade shapes known from the art can also be used for all exemplary embodiments.
  • the radially outer free end of the fan wheel blades 3 determines the outer circumference and consequently the fan wheel diameter Dv.
  • a housing part 30 forming a flow channel is indicated, in which the fan 1 is inserted with a gap spacing 31 between the fan blades 3 and the inner wall of the housing part 30 .
  • the housing part 30 can be an external component or integrated into the fan.
  • the guide wheel 4 comprises a large number of air guide webs 5 running through the guide wheel in the axial direction and extends radially outwards from the guide wheel hub 13 to the outer peripheral ring 11.
  • the maximum guide wheel diameter DI is less than the fan wheel diameter Dv. Since the guide wheel 4 and the fan wheel 2 are arranged so that they overlap in the direction of flow, the guide wheel 4 determines a partial cross-sectional area through which flow can flow of the cross-sectional area of the fan wheel through which flow can take place.
  • the cross-sectional areas that can be flowed through are formed by the blade section 8 extending radially outwards from the fan wheel hub 12 and the guide section 9 extending radially outwards from the stator hub 13, the diameter ratio of the guide section 9 to the blade section 8 being 0.4 in the embodiment shown.
  • the radially outer part of the blade section 8 is not covered by the guide wheel 4, so that the flow generated by the fan wheel 2 partly first passes through the guide wheel 4, partly directly to the outside axially.
  • the outer circumferential ring 11 runs parallel to the axis of rotation RA essentially over the entire width B of the guide wheel 4 and is designed as a thin-walled circumferential ring, the thickness of which corresponds to a value of 0.01 of the fan wheel diameter Dv.
  • the width B of the guide wheel 4 corresponds to a value of 0.065 of the fan wheel diameter Dv.
  • the fan wheel hub 12 and the guide wheel hub 13 have the same hub diameter Dn.
  • the execution according to 2 is to the one in figure 1 Identical except for the design of the idler wheel, so that to avoid repetitions on the figure 1 described features reference is made.
  • the guide wheel 4 according to the embodiment figure 3 additionally comprises an inner ring 7 which has a section set at an angle ⁇ of 40° relative to the axis of rotation RA and runs obliquely radially outwards in the axial direction of flow over the entire width B of the guide wheel 4 .
  • the inner ring 7 has a V-shaped cross section with a leg engaging on the stator hub 13 and a leg forming the offset section. The inner ring 7 effectively prevents an axial backflow of air in the direction of the fan wheel 2 in the radially inner area adjoining the hubs 12, 13.
  • the execution according to 3 is identical to that in figure 2 until, that the outer peripheral ring 11 is modified.
  • the guide wheel 4 thus forms, through the inner ring 7 and the outer peripheral ring 11, a nozzle with a flow cross section that decreases in the direction of flow. Due to the inclined position of the outer peripheral ring 11, the maximum guide wheel cross section increases by the length of the opposite side of the angle ⁇ .
  • figure 4 is a diagram with characteristic curves for the pressure profile psf [Pa] and the efficiency nse [%] at different volume flows qv [m 3 /h] of the fan 1 according to 1 and the same fan shown without guide wheel 4, the solid curves each according to the fan 1 figure 1 and the dashed characteristic curves each identify the fan without diffuser.
  • the advantageous effect with increased peak efficiency at a volume flow of approx. 1100 m 3 /h and higher pressure up to approx. 1300 m 3 /h, ie in the highly relevant operating range, can be clearly seen.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Ventilator mit einem Ventilatorrad und einem Leitrad.The invention relates to a fan with a fan wheel and a guide wheel.

Die Verwendung von Leiträdern bei Ventilatoren ist aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Beispielsweise offenbart die DE 10 2012 109 542 A1 einen Axiallüfter mit einem als Strömungsgleichrichter ausgebildeten Leitrad, das im technischen Fachgebiet auch als Nachleitrad bezeichnet wird.The use of guide wheels in fans is known from the prior art. For example, the DE 10 2012 109 542 A1 an axial fan with a guide wheel designed as a flow straightener, which is also referred to in the technical field as a guide wheel.

Bei den bekannten Leiträdern ist man davon ausgegangen, dass sie ihre größte strömungstechnische und geräuschreduzierende Wirkung in einem radial äußeren Bereich von Ventilatoren bzw. Ventilatorrädern gewährleisten, da in diesem Bereich die Geschwindigkeit der von dem Ventilator erzeugten Luftströmung maximal ist. Das Leitrad soll die Strömung vergleichmäßigen und eine sich negativ auf den Wirkungsgrad und das Geräuschverhalten auswirkende Rückströmung zum Ventilatorrad verhindern. Die bekannte Lösung des oben genannten Stands funktioniert in der Praxis gut, kann jedoch noch weiter verbessert werden, um weitere positive Aspekte bezüglich des benötigen axialen Bauraums, des Strömungsverlaufs und des Geräuschverhaltens zu erzielen. Weiterer Stand der technik ist in den Dokumenten US 2006/067816 A1 , WO 2011/151323 A2 und DE 103 30 088 A1 offenbart.In the case of the known guide wheels, it has been assumed that they ensure their greatest aerodynamic and noise-reducing effect in a radially outer area of fans or fan wheels, since in this area the speed generated by the fan air flow is maximum. The guide wheel is intended to even out the flow and prevent a backflow to the fan wheel, which has a negative effect on efficiency and noise levels. The known solution of the above-mentioned status works well in practice, but can still be further improved in order to achieve further positive aspects with regard to the required axial installation space, the flow pattern and the noise behavior. Further state of the art is in the documents U.S. 2006/067816 A1 , WO 2011/151323 A2 and DE 103 30 088 A1 disclosed.

Eine Aufgabe der Erfindung ist deshalb, einen Ventilator mit Lachleitrad bereit zu stellen, der eine kompakte axiale Bauweise bei gleichzeitig verbessernder Strömungscharaktereristik ermöglicht.One object of the invention is therefore to provide a fan with a lathe guide wheel that enables a compact axial design while at the same time improving the flow characteristics.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmalskombination gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the combination of features according to claim 1.

Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Ventilator mit einem Ventilatorschaufeln aufweisenden Ventilatorrad vorgeschlagen, das sich um eine Rotationsachse des Ventilators nach radial außen erstreckt und dessen radialer Außenumfang einen Ventilatorraddurchmesser bestimmt. Der Ventilator umfasst zudem ein in axialer Strömungsrichtung zu dem Ventilatorrad in einem Abstand angeordnetes Leitrad mit Luftleitstegen, das sich ebenfalls nach radial außen erstreckt und einen Leitraddurchmesser aufweist, der geringer ist als der Ventilatorraddurchmesser, so dass das Leitrad eine Teilquerschnittfläche einer Ventilatorradquerschnittsfläche bestimmt.According to the invention, a fan is proposed with a fan wheel having fan blades, which extends radially outwards about an axis of rotation of the fan and whose radial outer circumference determines a fan wheel diameter. The fan also includes a guide wheel with air guide webs arranged at a distance in the axial flow direction to the fan wheel, which guide wheel also extends radially outwards and has a guide wheel diameter that is smaller than the fan wheel diameter, so that the guide wheel determines a partial cross-sectional area of a fan wheel cross-sectional area.

Durch das gegenüber dem Ventilatorrad im Durchmesser kleinere Leitrad ist es möglich, den Abstand zwischen dem Ventilatorrad und dem Leitrad zu reduzieren, d.h. das Leitrad in Strömungsrichtung näher an das Ventilatorrad zu positionieren. Dies reduziert zum einen die Baugröße des Ventilators in axialer Strömungsrichtung, zum anderen verbessert sich sein Geräuschverhalten. Die grundsätzlich bekannte Wirkung der Vergleichmäßigung der Strömung und Verhinderung der Rückströmung bleiben ohnedies erhalten. Zudem kann das Leitrad aufgrund des geringen Bauraumbedarfs als nachrüstbares Teil an bestehende Ventilatoren montiert werden.Due to the guide wheel having a smaller diameter than the fan wheel, it is possible to reduce the distance between the fan wheel and the guide wheel, ie to position the guide wheel closer to the fan wheel in the flow direction. On the one hand, this reduces the size of the fan in the axial flow direction and, on the other hand, it improves its noise characteristics. The fundamentally known effect of equalizing the Flow and prevention of backflow are retained anyway. In addition, due to the small amount of space required, the guide wheel can be retrofitted to existing fans.

Ein weiterer vorteilhafter Aspekt des im Durchmesser gegenüber dem Ventilatorrad reduzierten Leitrads liegt darin, dass die Druckdifferenz über den kleineren Querschnitt des Leitrads geringer ist, so dass die Vereisungsgefahr bei einer Anwendung in der Kältetechnik reduziert wird.Another advantageous aspect of the guide wheel, which has a reduced diameter compared to the fan wheel, is that the pressure difference over the smaller cross section of the guide wheel is lower, so that the risk of icing is reduced when used in refrigeration technology.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung des Ventilators ist vorgesehen, dass das Ventilatorrad eine Ventilatorradnabe und einen sich in radialer Richtung an die Ventilatorradnabe bis zum Außenumfang des Ventilatorrades anschließenden durchströmbaren Schaufelabschnitt aufweist. Zudem umfasst das Leitrad eine Leitradnabe und einen sich in radialer Richtung an die Leitradnabe bis zum Außenumfang des Leitrades anschließenden Leitabschnitt. Dabei ist vorteilhaft, wenn das Durchmesserverhältnis des Leitabschnitts zum Schaufelabschnitt in einem Bereich von 0,1 bis 0,8, weiter bevorzugt in einem Bereich von 0,2 bis 0,5 liegt. Als Leitradnabe muss kein eigenes Bauteil vorgesehen werden, vielmehr kann die Leitradnabe auch durch Elemente anderer Bauteile, beispielsweise ein Motorgehäuse ausgebildet werden.In an advantageous embodiment of the fan, it is provided that the fan wheel has a fan wheel hub and a blade section through which air can flow, adjoining the fan wheel hub in the radial direction up to the outer circumference of the fan wheel. In addition, the guide wheel comprises a guide wheel hub and a guide section adjoining the guide wheel hub in the radial direction up to the outer circumference of the guide wheel. It is advantageous if the diameter ratio of the guide section to the blade section is in a range from 0.1 to 0.8, more preferably in a range from 0.2 to 0.5. No separate component has to be provided as the guide wheel hub; rather, the guide wheel hub can also be formed by elements of other components, for example a motor housing.

Erfindungsgemäß wird das Leitrad in axialer Strömungsrichtung mit einer Breite ausgebildet, die 0,02 bis 0,1 (d.h. 2% - 10%) des Ventilatorraddurchmessers entspricht. Das bedeutet, dass die Bezugsgröße zur Anpassung der Breite des Leitrads der Ventilatorraddurchmesser ist.According to the invention, the guide wheel is formed with a width in the axial flow direction which corresponds to 0.02 to 0.1 (i.e. 2% - 10%) of the fan wheel diameter. This means that the reference for adjusting the diffuser width is the fan wheel diameter.

Die geometrische Ausbildung des Leitrads hat unmittelbare strömungstechnische Auswirkungen, wobei die vorstehend beschriebenen Dimensionierungen sowohl einzeln als auch kumulativ dazu führen, dass die turbulenten Anteile und die radiale Komponente im radialen Innenbereich der von dem Ventilator erzeugten Luftströmung verringert werden. Der Ausströmungswinkel in der Meridianebene nähert sich im Wesentlichen dem optimalen Wert Null an, so dass die üblicherweise im Naben- bzw. radialen Innenbereich auftretende Rückströmung entgegen der erzeugten Strömungsrichtung beseitigt wird.The geometric design of the diffuser has direct flow effects, with the dimensions described above, both individually and cumulatively, leading to the turbulent components and the radial component in the radial inner area of the air flow generated by the fan being reduced. The outflow angle in the meridian plane essentially approaches the optimum value of zero, so that the backflow that usually occurs in the hub or radial inner area is eliminated against the direction of flow generated.

Die positive Wirkung des Leitrads und die kompakte Bauweise werden ferner dadurch gefördert, dass der minimale Abstand in axialer Strömungsrichtung zwischen dem Ventilatorrad und dem Leitrad in einem Bereich von 0,01 und 0,2, weiter bevorzugt in einem Bereich von 0,01 und 0,05 des Ventilatorraddurchmessers liegt.The positive effect of the guide wheel and the compact design are also promoted by the fact that the minimum distance in the axial direction of flow between the fan wheel and the guide wheel is in a range of 0.01 and 0.2, more preferably in a range of 0.01 and 0 .05 of the fan wheel diameter.

Strömungstechnisch günstig ist zudem eine Ausführungsvariante, bei der das Leitrad an seinem radialen Außenumfang einen Außenumfangsring aufweist. Der Außenumfangsring ist vorzugsweise dünnwandig ausgebildet und weist eine radiale Dicke auf, die 0,002 bis 0,015 des Ventilatorraddurchmessers entspricht.A design variant in which the guide wheel has an outer circumferential ring on its radial outer circumference is also favorable in terms of flow technology. The outer peripheral ring is preferably designed with thin walls and has a radial thickness that corresponds to 0.002 to 0.015 of the fan wheel diameter.

Ferner ist vorteilhaft, wenn der Außenumfangsring vollständig um das Leitrad umlaufend ausgebildet ist und im Axialschnitt einen nichteckigen Querschnitt aufweist. Neben einem strömungstechnischen Einfluss begünstigt der Außenumfangsring dann zudem eine Steifigkeitserhöhung des Leitrads.It is also advantageous if the outer peripheral ring is designed to run all the way around the guide wheel and has a non-angular cross section in axial section. In addition to an aerodynamic influence, the outer circumferential ring then also promotes an increase in the rigidity of the stator.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung wird vorgesehen, dass der Außenumfangsring gegenüber der Rotationsachse in einem Winkel β von 5 - 25°, weiter bevorzugt von 5 - 10° angestellt in axialer Strömungsrichtung nach radial außen verläuft.In an advantageous further development, it is provided that the outer peripheral ring runs radially outwards relative to the axis of rotation at an angle β of 5-25°, more preferably of 5-10° in the axial direction of flow.

Eine weitere Ausführungsvariante des Ventilator ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leitradnabe gegenüber der Rotationsachse in einem Winkel α von bis zu 60° angestellt in axialer Strömungsrichtung nach radial außen verläuft, d.h. die Leitradnabe ist in Strömungsrichtung kegelförmig ausgebildet.Another design variant of the fan is characterized in that the guide wheel hub runs radially outwards in the axial flow direction at an angle α of up to 60° to the axis of rotation, i.e. the guide wheel hub is conical in flow direction.

Alternativ zur Leitradnabe kann in einer alternative Lösung vorgesehen werden, dass das Leitrad in radialer an die Leitradnabe angrenzend einen Innenring aufweist, der zur Rotationsachse in einem Winkel α von bis zu 60° angestellt in axialer Strömungsrichtung, vorzugsweise über die gesamte Breite des Leitrads, nach radial außen verläuft. Das Anstellen der Leitradnabe bzw. des sich an die Leitradnabe angrenzenden Innenrings führt die von dem Ventilatorrad erzeugte Luftströmung im radialen Innenbereich in Richtung nach radial außen von der Rotationsachse des Ventilators weg.As an alternative to the stator hub, it can be provided in an alternative solution that the stator has an inner ring radially adjacent to the stator hub, which is set at an angle α of up to 60° to the axis of rotation in the axial direction of flow, preferably over the entire width of the guide wheel, runs radially outwards. The pitching of the stator hub or the inner ring adjoining the stator hub directs the air flow generated by the fan wheel in the radially inner area in a radially outward direction away from the axis of rotation of the fan.

Als vorteilhaft hat sich zudem eine Ausgestaltung erwiesen, bei der der Winkel α größer als der Winkel β ist.An embodiment in which the angle α is greater than the angle β has also proven to be advantageous.

Strömungstechnisch ist weiterhin eine Ausführung günstig, bei der die Leitradnabe oder der Innenring mit dem Außenumfangsring eine Düse mit sich in Strömungsrichtung verringerndem Durchströmungsquerschnitt bildet.In terms of flow technology, an embodiment is also favorable in which the stator hub or the inner ring forms a nozzle with the outer peripheral ring with a flow cross section that decreases in the direction of flow.

Die Ausführung der Luftleitstege des Leitrads erfolgt vorzugsweise in einer Weise gemäß der Offenbarung der DE102012109542A1 . Weitere für den Ventilator standardmäßig vorzusehende Bauteile wie z.B. ein Motor und eine Antriebswelle sind ebenfalls umfasst, auch wenn sie nicht ausdrücklich beschrieben werden. Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet bzw. werden nachstehend zusammen mit der Beschreibung der bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische hälftig geschnittene Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Ventilators;
Fig. 2
eine schematische hälftig geschnittene Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Ventilators in einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante,
Fig. 3
eine schematische hälftig geschnittene Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Ventilators in einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante,
Fig. 4
ein Diagramm mit Kurvenverläufen des Ventilators gemäß Fig. 1 und dem Stand der Technik ohne Leitrad.
The execution of the air guide webs of the guide wheel is preferably carried out in a manner according to the disclosure of DE102012109542A1 . Other components to be provided as standard for the fan, such as a motor and a drive shaft, are also included, even if they are not expressly described. Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims or are presented in more detail below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures. Show it:
1
a schematic half-section side view of a fan according to the invention;
2
a schematic side view cut in half of a fan according to the invention in a further embodiment variant,
3
a schematic side view cut in half of a fan according to the invention in a further embodiment variant,
4
a diagram with curves of the fan according to 1 and the prior art without guide wheel.

Gleiche Bezugszeichen benennen gleich Teile in allen Ansichten. Alle Figuren sind rein schematisch und dienen dem Verständnis der Erfindung.Like reference characters designate the same parts throughout the several views. All figures are purely schematic and serve to understand the invention.

In Figur 1 ist im Axialschnitt die obere Hälfte eines als (Axial-)Ventilators 1 mit einem sich um die Rotationsachse RA des Ventilators 1 nach radial außen erstreckenden Ventilatorrad 2 sowie einem in axialer Strömungsrichtung in einem sehr geringen Abstand A zu dem Ventilatorrad 2 angeordneten Leitrad 4 gezeigt, wobei der Abstand A einem Wert von 0,02 des Ventilatorraddurchmessers Dv entspricht. Die untere, nicht gezeigte Hälfte des Ventilators 1 ist spiegelsymmetrisch ausgebildet. Das Ventilatorrad 2 weist mehrere in Umfangsrichtung zueinander beabstandet angeordnete Ventilatorschaufeln 3 auf, die sich jeweils von der Ventilatorradnabe 12 radial nach außen erstrecken und dabei ihre axiale Breite vergrößern. Für alle Ausführungsbeispiele sind auch alternative, aus der Technik bekannte Formen der Ventilatorschaufeln einsetzbar. Das radial äußere freie Ende der Ventilatorradschaufeln 3 bestimmt den Außenumfang und mithin den Ventilatorraddurchmessers Dv. Zudem ist ein einen Strömungskanal ausbildendes Gehäuseteil 30 angedeutet, in den der Ventilator 1 mit einem Spaltabstand 31 zwischen Ventilatorschaufeln 3 und Innenwand des Gehäuseteils 30 eingesetzt ist. Das Gehäuseteil 30 kann ein externes Bauteil oder in den Ventilator integriert sein.In figure 1 an axial section shows the upper half of an (axial) fan 1 with a fan wheel 2 extending radially outwards about the axis of rotation RA of the fan 1 and a guide wheel 4 arranged in the axial direction of flow at a very small distance A from the fan wheel 2, where the distance A corresponds to a value of 0.02 of the fan wheel diameter Dv. The lower half, not shown, of the fan 1 is mirror-symmetrical. The fan wheel 2 has a plurality of fan blades 3 which are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction and which each extend radially outwards from the fan wheel hub 12 and thereby increase their axial width. Alternative fan blade shapes known from the art can also be used for all exemplary embodiments. The radially outer free end of the fan wheel blades 3 determines the outer circumference and consequently the fan wheel diameter Dv. In addition, a housing part 30 forming a flow channel is indicated, in which the fan 1 is inserted with a gap spacing 31 between the fan blades 3 and the inner wall of the housing part 30 . The housing part 30 can be an external component or integrated into the fan.

Das Leitrad 4 umfasst eine Vielzahl von in axialer Richtung durch das Leitrad verlaufende Luftleitstege 5 und erstreckt sich von der Leitradnabe 13 nach radial außen bis zum Außenumfangsring 11. Der maximale Leitraddurchmesser DI ist geringer ist als der Ventilatorraddurchmesser Dv. Da das Leitrad 4 und das Ventilatorrad 2 sich in Strömungsrichtung überdeckend angeordnet sind, bestimmt das Leitrad 4 eine durchströmbare Teilquerschnittfläche der durchströmbaren Ventilatorradquerschnittsfläche. Die durchströmbaren Querschnittsflächen werden durch den sich von der Ventilatorradnabe 12 nach radial außen erstreckenden Schaufelabschnitt 8 und den sich von der Leitradnabe 13 nach radial außen erstreckenden Leitabschnitt 9 gebildet, wobei das Durchmesserverhältnis des Leitabschnitts 9 zum Schaufelabschnitt 8 in der gezeigten Ausführung bei 0,4 liegt. Der radial äußere Teil des Schaufelabschnitts 8 ist von dem Leitrad 4 nicht überdeckt, so dass die von dem Ventilatorrad 2 erzeugte Strömung teilweise zunächst durch das Leitrad 4, teilweise unmittelbar nach axial außen gelangt.The guide wheel 4 comprises a large number of air guide webs 5 running through the guide wheel in the axial direction and extends radially outwards from the guide wheel hub 13 to the outer peripheral ring 11. The maximum guide wheel diameter DI is less than the fan wheel diameter Dv. Since the guide wheel 4 and the fan wheel 2 are arranged so that they overlap in the direction of flow, the guide wheel 4 determines a partial cross-sectional area through which flow can flow of the cross-sectional area of the fan wheel through which flow can take place. the The cross-sectional areas that can be flowed through are formed by the blade section 8 extending radially outwards from the fan wheel hub 12 and the guide section 9 extending radially outwards from the stator hub 13, the diameter ratio of the guide section 9 to the blade section 8 being 0.4 in the embodiment shown. The radially outer part of the blade section 8 is not covered by the guide wheel 4, so that the flow generated by the fan wheel 2 partly first passes through the guide wheel 4, partly directly to the outside axially.

Der Außenumfangsring 11 verläuft parallel zur Rotationsachse RA im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Breite B des Leitrads 4 und ist als dünnwandiger umlaufender Ring ausgebildet, dessen Dicke einem Wert von 0,01 des Ventilatorraddurchmessers Dv entspricht. Die Breite B des Leitrads 4 entspricht einem Wert von 0,065 des Ventilatorraddurchmessers Dv. Die Ventilatorradnabe 12 und die Leitradnabe 13 weisen denselben Nabendurchmesser Dn auf.The outer circumferential ring 11 runs parallel to the axis of rotation RA essentially over the entire width B of the guide wheel 4 and is designed as a thin-walled circumferential ring, the thickness of which corresponds to a value of 0.01 of the fan wheel diameter Dv. The width B of the guide wheel 4 corresponds to a value of 0.065 of the fan wheel diameter Dv. The fan wheel hub 12 and the guide wheel hub 13 have the same hub diameter Dn.

Die Ausführung gemäß Fig. 2 ist zu derjenigen in Figur 1 bis auf die Ausbildung des Leitrads identisch, so dass zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf die zu Figur 1 beschriebenen Merkmale Bezug genommen wird. Das Leitrad 4 der Ausführung gemäß Figur 3 umfasst zusätzlich einen Innenring 7, der einen gegenüber der Rotationsachse RA im Winkel α von 40° angestellten Abschnitt aufweist und in axialer Strömungsrichtung über die gesamte Breite B des Leitrads 4 schräg nach radial außen verläuft. Im gezeigten Axialschnitt weist der Innenring 7 einen V-förmigen Querschnitt mit einem an die Leitradnabe 13 angreifenden Schenkel und einem den angestellten Abschnitt bildenden Schenkel auf. Der Innenring 7 verhindert effektiv eine axiale Rückströmung von Luft in Richtung des Ventilatorrades 2 im radial innen liegenden, an die Naben 12, 13 angrenzenden Bereich.The execution according to 2 is to the one in figure 1 Identical except for the design of the idler wheel, so that to avoid repetitions on the figure 1 described features reference is made. The guide wheel 4 according to the embodiment figure 3 additionally comprises an inner ring 7 which has a section set at an angle α of 40° relative to the axis of rotation RA and runs obliquely radially outwards in the axial direction of flow over the entire width B of the guide wheel 4 . In the axial section shown, the inner ring 7 has a V-shaped cross section with a leg engaging on the stator hub 13 and a leg forming the offset section. The inner ring 7 effectively prevents an axial backflow of air in the direction of the fan wheel 2 in the radially inner area adjoining the hubs 12, 13.

Die Ausführung gemäß Fig. 3 ist identisch zu derjenigen in Figur 2 bis auf, dass der Außenumfangsring 11 abgewandelt ist. Zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen wird deshalb auf die Offenbarung zu den Figuren 1 und 2 Bezug genommen. Gemäß Figur 3 ist der Außenumfangsring 11 gegenüber der Rotationsachse RA in einem Winkel β=10° angestellt und verläuft in axialer Strömungsrichtung nach radial außen. Das Leitrad 4 bildet somit durch den Innenring 7 und den Außenumfangsring 11 eine Düse mit sich in Strömungsrichtung verringerndem Durchströmungsquerschnitt. Aufgrund der Schrägstellung des Außenumfangsrings 11 vergrößert sich der maximale Leitradquerschnitt um die Länge der Gegenkathete des Winkels β.The execution according to 3 is identical to that in figure 2 until, that the outer peripheral ring 11 is modified. In order to avoid repetition, therefore, reference is made to the disclosure figures 1 and 2 referenced. According to figure 3 the outer peripheral ring 11 is set at an angle β=10° relative to the axis of rotation RA and runs radially outwards in the axial direction of flow. The guide wheel 4 thus forms, through the inner ring 7 and the outer peripheral ring 11, a nozzle with a flow cross section that decreases in the direction of flow. Due to the inclined position of the outer peripheral ring 11, the maximum guide wheel cross section increases by the length of the opposite side of the angle β.

In Figur 4 ist ein Diagramm mit Kennlinien zum Druckverlauf psf [Pa] und dem Wirkungsgrad nse [%] bei unterschiedlichen Volumenströmen qv [m3/h] des Ventilators 1 gemäß Fig. 1 und desselben Ventilators ohne Leitrad 4 dargestellt, wobei die durchgezogenen Kennlinien jeweils den Ventilator 1 gemäß Figur 1 und die gestrichelten Kennlinien jeweils den Ventilator ohne Leitrad kennzeichnen. Die vorteilhafte Wirkung mit erhöhtem Spitzwirkungsgrad bei einem Volumenstrom von ca. 1100 m3/h und höherem Druck bis ca. 1300 m3/h, d.h. im hochrelevanten Betriebsbereich, ist eindeutig zu entnehmen. In figure 4 is a diagram with characteristic curves for the pressure profile psf [Pa] and the efficiency nse [%] at different volume flows qv [m 3 /h] of the fan 1 according to 1 and the same fan shown without guide wheel 4, the solid curves each according to the fan 1 figure 1 and the dashed characteristic curves each identify the fan without diffuser. The advantageous effect with increased peak efficiency at a volume flow of approx. 1100 m 3 /h and higher pressure up to approx. 1300 m 3 /h, ie in the highly relevant operating range, can be clearly seen.

Claims (13)

  1. A fan having a fan wheel (2) comprising fan blades (3), which fan wheel extends radially outwards about a rotational axis of the fan (1) and whose outer radial circumference defines a fan wheel diameter (Dv), and a stator (4) with air deflecting webs (5) disposed in the axial direction of flow at a distance (A) from the fan wheel (1), which stator extends radially outwards and has a stator diameter (Dl) that is smaller than the fan wheel diameter (Dv), such that the stator (4) defines a partial cross sectional area of a fan wheel cross sectional area, characterized in that the stator (4) has a width (B) in the axial direction of flow that is in a range from 0.02 to 0.1 of the fan wheel diameter (Dv).
  2. The fan according to claim 1, characterized in that the fan wheel (2) comprises a fan wheel hub (12) and an adjoining blade section (8) that extends in radial direction from the fan wheel hub (12) to the outer circumference of the fan wheel (2), and in that the stator (4) comprises a stator hub (13) and an adjoining guide section (9) that extends in radial direction from said stator hub (13) to the outer circumference of the stator (4), wherein the diameter ratio of the guide section (9) to the blade section (8) is in a range from 0.1 to 0.8.
  3. The fan according to claim 2, characterized in that the diameter ratio of the guide section (9) to the blade section (8) is in a range from 0.2 to 0.5.
  4. The fan according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance (A) in the axial direction of flow between the fan wheel (2) and the stator (4) is in a range from 0 01 to 0.2, preferably in a range from 0.01 to 0.05 of the fan wheel diameter (Dv).
  5. The fan according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stator (4) comprises an outer circumferential ring (11) on its outer radial circumference.
  6. The fan according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer circumferential ring (11) has a radial thickness that is equivalent to 0.002 to 0.015 of the fan wheel diameter (Dv).
  7. The fan according to any one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that the outer circumferential ring (11) completely surrounds the stator (4) and is non-angular in axial cross section.
  8. The fan according to any one of the preceding claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the outer circumferential ring (11) extends radially outwards in the direction of flow at an angle β of 5 to 25° relative to the rotational axis.
  9. The fan according to any one of the preceding claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the outer circumferential ring (11) extends radially outwards in the direction of flow at an angle β of 5 to 10° relative to the rotational axis.
  10. The fan according to any one of the preceding claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the stator hub (13) extends radially outwards in the axial direction of flow at an angle α of up to 60° relative to the rotational axis.
  11. The fan according to any one of the preceding claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the stator (4) comprises an inner ring (7) radially adjacent to the stator hub (13), which inner ring extends radially outwards in the axial direction of flow across the entire width (B) of the stator (4) at an angle of 0 to 60° relative to the rotational axis.
  12. The fan according to any one of claims 10 to 11, characterized in that the angle is greater than the angle β.
  13. The fan according to any one of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that the stator hub (13) and the outer circumferential ring (11) together form a nozzle that has a flow cross section that diminishes in the direction of flow.
EP17189145.0A 2016-10-19 2017-09-04 Ventilator with ventilator wheel and guide wheel Active EP3312427B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016119916.8A DE102016119916A1 (en) 2016-10-19 2016-10-19 Fan with fan wheel and stator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3312427A1 EP3312427A1 (en) 2018-04-25
EP3312427B1 true EP3312427B1 (en) 2022-08-17

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17189145.0A Active EP3312427B1 (en) 2016-10-19 2017-09-04 Ventilator with ventilator wheel and guide wheel

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US (1) US10428829B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3312427B1 (en)
CN (1) CN206309653U (en)
DE (1) DE102016119916A1 (en)

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EP3452726B1 (en) 2016-05-03 2021-02-24 Carrier Corporation Vane axial fan with intermediate flow control rings
DE102018211808A1 (en) * 2018-07-16 2020-01-16 Ziehl-Abegg Se Fan and control device for a fan

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GB766216A (en) 1954-03-05 1957-01-16 Stork Koninklijke Maschf Improvements in and relating to pumps or fans provided with an axial flow impeller
US3536414A (en) 1968-03-06 1970-10-27 Gen Electric Vanes for turning fluid flow in an annular duct
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN206309653U (en) 2017-07-07
US20180106267A1 (en) 2018-04-19
DE102016119916A1 (en) 2018-04-19
US10428829B2 (en) 2019-10-01
EP3312427A1 (en) 2018-04-25

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