DE2365079A1 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR IMPRAEGNING OR COATING TEXTILE MATERIALS - Google Patents

Description

FARBWERKE HOECHST AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT formerly Master Lucius & Brüning

File number: . HOE 73 / F399 + H

Date: Z]. December 1973 Dr.CZ

Process and device for impregnating or coating textile materials - -

The impregnation of textile materials in web form with equipment liquors, Chemical solutions, dye solutions or dispersions are nowadays e.g. by means of known impregnation devices such as squeegees, spray devices, thousand-point roller or poulard. Especially for dyeing issues, where there is a high uniformity in the distribution of the Dye liquor arrives on the material to be dyed first The padder line has been used as the most precise impregnation device to date. To ensure an even squeeze pressure over the To achieve the entire width of the fabric, special developments of the padder were created.

A disadvantage of the padder is the same hardness of the rollers when impregnating very different textile materials especially with different goods speed, and the reduced resistance of the roller coverings with higher ones Temperatures and when using padding liquors of different compositions, for example based on organic Solvent.

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Another disadvantage of the foulard is given by the foulard chassis, on the one hand due to the high loss of liquor with every color change and on the other hand through low liquor circulation in the chassis or also due to the different circulation of the dye bath in the middle part of the chassis on the goods and on the sides of the chassis next to the goods, resulting in insufficient uniformity of the dye distribution on the goods results, as has already been described in detail in the literature.

Another disadvantage of the padder can be seen in the fact that it is not possible under normal circumstances a textile material at temperatures close to the boiling point of the impregnation solution used or above the boiling point of the same to impregnate.

Apart from the fact that the foulard, despite high security measures represents a source of accident that cannot be overlooked, it also means that it functions properly, that each time it is necessary to replace or grind the padder rollers if any hard foreign matter is found got caught between the rollers.

It was now found that it can be done in a very simple way is, web-shaped textile materials controllable "and absolute to be evenly impregnated or closed with liquid or flowable treatment agents in a continuous operation coat by placing the goods to be treated over a transversely to their transport direction, longitudinally with a Slotted hollow body (in the following only as "• Slotted body" called) runs, meanwhile from within at least one treatment agent under hydraulic pressure exits through the slot opening and is applied to the fiber material.

In the context of the method according to the invention, the speed of the application of cL & s treatment agent depends on

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primarily according to the absorbency of the used Textile material, i.e. after its capillar activity for the Impregnation liquor or adhesion for the coating preparation.

The present invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the above-mentioned continuous Process for the uniform impregnation or layering of textile materials (l) in web form with liquid or flowable treatment agents (2), consisting of at least one application element (3) for the treatment agent as well as transport and guide elements (4) for the Material web, characterized in that the application element a hollow body fitted transversely to the transport direction of the goods and provided with a slot (5.) along its axis ("Slotted body") (3) which contains at least one supply line (6) connected to it for the treatment agent.

In the simplest case, it is that according to the invention inserted slit body (3) around a possibly sealed on both Stix-nflachen pipe with a circular (Fig. la), or oval cross-section (Fig. Ib), or any elongated, hollow object with an angular profile, its contact surface for the goods according to the transport path the textile material is curved (Fig. Ic), in which, in accordance with the above explanations, a possibly variable and possibly closable There is a slot (5) through which the goods to be treated are guided, making contact with the inside of the The treatment agent (e.g. impregnation liquid) located in the pipe and exiting through the slit receives a such a device offers compared to the known impregnation devices , especially compared to dera for textile purposes because of the high requirements in terms of uniformity the applied treatment agent primarily

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turned foulard, very clear advantages. It is thus possible, as a result of the favorable dimensions of a pipe, for example with a diameter of 30-200 mm, preferably 50-1OO mm. to operate with a very low liquor content, which on the one hand ensures a low loss of impregnation liquor per batch, and on the other hand, however, due to the rapid renewal of the liquor, this leads to a high uniformity of the composition or the concentration ratios of the liquor, for example in relation to the nouns Properties of dyes or other products to be applied. This has a beneficial effect on the so-called equality of ends of the dyed goods.

Further advantages of the new impregnation device are that - apart from special devices, as described later, there are no rotating parts, that there is also no need to use a squeezer and thus no lining wear occurs on padding rollers and that the goods can be impregnated with the greatest possible care. When the textile goods are impregnated, the excess liquor is not squeezed off under pressure, but there is also - also apart from special devices, as described later - no grinding of the goods on the surface of the pipe, because the adjustable pressure of the impregnation liquid can cause the Goods can be achieved on the liquid at and behind the slot of the pipe. In addition, a complete 'get even distribution of pressure over the entire length d. & S tube and thus possible across the fabric width, so that there is no limit to the fabric width.

A completely uniform impregnation of the textile material across the entire width of the goods, even with extremely wide goods, is also possible because absolutely no bending of the pipe can occur, especially since this on any Be supported. can. The goods are guided over the slot in the tube preferably at an obtuse angle,

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however, also, e.g. with multi-color application, as later Egg-wälmt, goods can be guided at an acute angle.

With the aid of the device according to the invention, very high, Warenge speeds that have not yet been practiced in the block technology are possible, with the fleet through accordingly increased pressure is delivered later (in the simplest case Level vessel, but generally pumps). In addition, this device can be used at practically any temperature of the impregnating liquid are impregnated, i.e. depending on the speed of the goods even at temperatures above of the boiling point of the impregnation liquor used, • if the pipe is in a room under overpressure. The amount of liquor to be applied to the fiber material is in a wide range due to the slot width, the pressure of the treatment liquid and the speed of the goods (each individually or together with one another) can be dosed. Due to these factors and also due to the viscosity the impregnation liquor can also realize a one-sided take-up of the liquor through the goods.

For impregnation or coating with the device according to the invention, all sheet-like materials suitable for continuous operation come into consideration, but preferably woven, knitted or non-woven fabrics made from all textile fibers with a uniform base substance or from mixtures thereof. _{Only well-pretreated%} absorbent should be used for the claimed process. Materials are used for impregnation, as they generally exist today in such processes, but it is also possible to use not optimally pretreated goods if uneven effects are to be reported.

With regard to the different dimensions of the textile fabrics, it is necessary that. the slot length and thus the width of the treatment zone can be adjusted to the respective width of the fabric. This can

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in the simplest case can be achieved by sliding and lockable sheets that are located on the pipe slot from the inside or have it arranged from the outside. Here it can be an advantage if the slot length is slightly longer than the width of the fabric is (Fig. 2) and that at the ends of the slot cap covers (7) are attached, whereby one increased liquor uptake can reach on the fabric edges, which generally contain more textile fibers. ;

By specially adjusting the slot width and in cooperation with the liquor pressure, it is possible to achieve that differences in the plotting capacity of the fiber material can be compensated for in a controllable manner over the width of the goods, depending on the pre-treatment of the goods or the fabric construction. From this fact, however, certain patterning possibilities arise in relation to the textile material to be treated. Due to a constantly changing setting of the slot width during the transport of goods, one is able to produce different, continuously merging application densities of the treatment agent, for example differences in color depth over the length of the material web. Alternatively, however, it is also fundamentally possible to achieve a desired, uneven paint liquor application by means of fixed, different slot widths (for example continuously increasing over the entire length or once trapezoidal). It is therefore advantageous if this adjustment device for the slot width, which in the simplest case consists of a movable plate in the tube on the inside of the slot, is divided into several adjustable parts by panels (8) (Fig. 3), so that on the one hand the Possibility of changing the width of the slot over the entire length is given, but on the other hand a change can only be made at the edges or only in the middle or, with different liquor uptake, only at the corresponding points or, if different liquor uptake is intentionally desired, at the desired points can. . ' / 7

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This ultimately results in another type of Design with the aid of the device according to the invention, by the slot width in places corresponding to the slit diaphragms (8) or in certain periodic or Can completely close aperiodic intervals over the entire length of the slot, resulting in pressure-like effects.

The same dyeing effects are also achieved if the pipe is divided over its entire length into individual compartments (3a-3e), e.g. 5 to 19, preferably 5 to 9 segments, each with its own liquor inflow (6a-6e) (Fig. 4), which are optionally fed with impregnating liquid via separate feed lines and which can therefore be put under different liquor pressures. Similar relationships with respect to the device used according to FIG. K exist if these different segments (3a ~ 3e) are charged with treatment liquors of different hues and / or concentrations, whereby multicolor effects or so-called ombre effects can be achieved.

Compared to other impregnation devices still exists the particular value of the slot tube according to the invention is that practically any desired amount of liquor is applied with it can be. It is also possible to use extremely small quantities of liquor, such as when applying chemicals, especially in the case of fixing processes for goods printed with dyes, it may be desirable to apply to the goods (Two-phase fixing method). -

With the new device, the liquor can be applied not only to dry, but also to wet goods without a constant weakening of the concentration of the impregnation liquor due to the entrainment of residual moisture through the liquid on the textile material enters the padder chassis »This situation is exemplary

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wise in various finishing processes, such as high finishing etc., advantageous because the goods then do not have to be dried in between ·

Another modification of the device according to the invention consists in that - similar to the rotary film printing above the pipe and thus also above the liquor slot (5a) Sieve (9) is attached (Fig. 5) because of the pressure of the liquor has a distance from the inside that is dependent on it from the pipe surface, so that the liquor application is now carried out by another Control element, namely the tension of the goods, can be influenced. The stronger the tension of the goods, the more fleet there is can penetrate through the sieve onto the surface of the goods.

If the goods suddenly come to a standstill, especially if the impregnation liquid is under high pressure, or when working under the given conditions at temperatures that are above the boiling point of the impregnation liquor used,

(5a) it is advantageous if the slot opening / lm pipe is partially until it can be completely closed (Fig. 5) i, for example, by a closure with a wedge-shaped cross-section inside the tube (1O), which is made by means of a spindle or magnetic circuit can be regulated.

Screw rollers or similar additional devices, e.g. various Pumps, among other things, to even out the circulation of the liquor Take care, especially with a very small amount of liquor Can bring advantages, mainly, of course, if the small amount of liquor is not due to the high speed of the goods, sondei-n is made by low pressure of the liquor.

The pipe slot itself can in the simplest case, as in Fig. Ia-Ic with reference numeral (5) shown, formed be; however, it can also have other forms, for example 6 by reference number (51)) versiim-

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is picture light,

According to a further modification of the device according to the invention, which is represented by FIG Vacuum (II) is established and thus the liquor applied on one side is sucked completely or partially through the goods. Corresponding results can be achieved if the suction pipe, which is displaced under reduced pressure (ll), is not located directly above the liquor application pipe, but is installed in an analogous position at a short distance behind it (in the sense of the goods transport direction) (lig. Lh),

According to the invention, it may be useful in certain cases, especially in the case of dense or heavy goods, if two or more such Schlxtzrohre (3) 'in. Transverse alignment to the transport path of the fiber material are switched one behind the other (Fig. 8), which spatially requires only a small amount of space. This combination then makes it possible, when using the same treatment agent, to increase the liquor uptake by the textile material, especially at high speed of the goods. Of course, it is also possible for the impregnation liquor to be passed on to both sides of the goods at the same time (Fig. 9) by two or more exactly opposite or offset in the direction of the goods transport direction and attached to both sides of the goods Schlxtzrohre can also serve as deflection rollers for the fiber material. With such an impregnation device , one is able to apply two different treatment agents, for example colors, to the two sides of the fabric or to achieve repeatable multicolor effects one after the other when the individual sludge pipes are switched on and off differently.

There is no such thing as the creation of such multicolor effects absolutely necessary that several pipes (3f-3h) are behind

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are interconnected (Fig. 10a). The same effects can be achieved just as well with a slotted body of larger volume, which. in several individual chambers (3f. ~ 3h) is divided (Fig. 10b), the associated slots the different color liquors (2f-2h) to be preprogrammed Pass on times to the ¥ are.

Similarly, it is also HiOgIiCh ₁ that the Faserinaterial over several series-connected, with respect to the width offset their treatment zone laterally (parallel) and, optionally, overlapping, and different with Behandlungsniitteln type _T such as hue, respectively. "Concentration-fed slotted body runs (Fig. 11 ), or is guided over a common hollow body (Fig. 12) which, while maintaining the desired patterned arrangement dex * slots (5j-5ai) in the locally different position across the width of the goods into different individual chambers (3j-3 * n) The special arrangement of the slots makes it possible to obtain longitudinal patterns (overlaps) that run into one another, as well as sharp delimitations, which can still be clearly influenced by the viscosity of the impregnation liquors, but also uncolored zones.

When using different liquors for longitudinal samples as well as due to the inclusion of other shades' zu different According to the invention, times can thus be reproducible Achieve patterns, being through the timing, the arrangement of the slots and the viscosity of the liquors, designs running into one another or exact contours in both the longitudinal and transverse directions Achieved and also these effects through different liquor uptake, i.e. by adjusting the Slot widths, can be reinforced. Using the application principle according to the invention of liquid or Flowable treatment agents can be used in an advantageous manner the fleet order through. Invalid from humidity or color measurement pulses Automatically regulated via the different slot widths or pressure pumps for the individual segments

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will.

Since the switching on of different shades of color at different speeds of the goods is time-controlled and this time-dependent control must be carried out extremely precisely, especially at very high speeds of goods, it can be advantageous in certain cases to use rotatable slot tubes (3) and the impregnation liquor via an internal one adjustable cover (1.2) is passed on to the goods at predetermined time intervals. Depending on the length of the sample, in some cases it is of course necessary that the goods are guided around the pipe at a small angle and that the pipe is possibly at the points where it is is not touched by the goods is cleaned by a special device (doctor blade ) of any liquor that may run out of the slot. According to the invention, this can be achieved by using slotted bodies, which represent double-jacket tubes, the outer tube (3) of which is provided with the slit and can be moved around the longitudinal axis (Fig. 13) and consequently has a narrow speed in accordance with the goods. It rotates with it while the inner tube (12) assumes a fixed position. In this way, the flow of the treatment agent is only released when both the slot of the outer tube and that of the inner tube are brought into line with one another ) with a possibly adjustable slot, which runs synchronously with the speed of the goods, controls the supply of liquor to the slot of the outer tube (Fig, 14).

The arrangement of Figure 13 is from a dyeing point of view to be regarded as particularly favorable, because when using this

the goods
Principle / is not dragged over the slotted body, but rather, due to the rotation of the outer tube, is transported over the contact point with the treatment agent in a gentle manner, largely with little tension and without stretching.

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Claims (1)

Claims 1. Continuous process for uniform impregnation or coating of textile materials in web form with liquid or flowable treatment agents, thereby characterized in that the goods to be treated are attached via a transverse to their transport direction, longitudinally provided with a slot hollow body (in the following claims only as "slot body" called) runs, meanwhile from within at least one treatment agent under hydraulic pressure exits through the slot opening and is applied to the fiber material. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of the treatment agent to be applied to the fiber material is dosed by the slot width, the liquor pressure and the speed of the goods (each, individually or together with one another). 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that j by varying the liquor pressure and slot width different absorption capacity of the fiber material for the treatment agent is balanced across the width of the fabric. 4. The method according to claims 1 to 3 t, characterized in that that due to the uneven setting of the slot width during the transport of the laver, different given • if continuously merging application densities (concentrations) of the treatment agent over the Length of the material line can be generated. 5. .The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the width of the slit is set differently according to certain sections of the slit length (segment by segment) will. / 13 5098 27/0456 6. The method according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that the width of the treatment zone is set differently by changing the length of the slot. 7. Process according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the slot length is divided into zones of different fleet pressure. 8. Verfalxren according to claims 1 to 7 »characterized in that that the slot length is divided into zones with different types and / or concentrations of the treatment agent is. 9. decay according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that that the fiber material hiritereinaadergeschaltet several, in transverse alignment to the transport route of the goods as well Slotted body fed with the same or different treatment agents runs. 10. Procedure! according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that that the fiber material over several, in transverse alignment to - Direction of transport of the goods in series, laterally offset and possibly overlapping with respect to the width of their treatment zone, as well as with Treatment agents of various types and / or concentrations fed slotted body runs. 11. The method according to claims 9 or 10, characterized in that that instead of several Sehlitzkör-by connected one behind the other, an application element of larger volume containing several individual compartments used for the respective treatment agents with each associated slot will. 12 »Process according to claims 1 to 11. characterized, that the treatment agent applied on one side through the fiber material (from the back) wholly or partially is sucked through. · ° 509827/0456 ¹ - 14 - 13 · Vex 'driving according to claims. 1 to 8, characterized in that that the same or different * treatment agent is applied to the fiber material from both sides. l4. .Method according to claims 1 to; 13, characterized in that that the Auftz-ag of the treatment agent for the purpose of patterning periodically or aperiodically reduced or is interrupted. 15 · Process according to claims 1 to 14, characterized in that ' that the application of the treatment agent through revaluation-of moisture or color nuss impulses over the different Slot widths or pressure pumps, for the individual compartments (segments) is automatically regulated. 16. The method according to claims 1 to 15, characterized in, that the impregnation or coating takes place on dry goods. 17 · Process according to claims 1 to 15, characterized in that that the impregnation or coating takes place on wet goods. l8. The method of claims 1 to 17 _t characterized in that the impregnation or coating of the product is carried out with to temperatures below the boiling point of heated treatment agent. 19 · Process according to claims 1 to 17, characterized in that that the impregnation or coating of the. Goods with on HT Teniperatures, possibly under he? increased pressure, heated treatment agent. 20. The method according to claims 1 to 19, characterized in that that as treatment agent dye liquors, equipment liquor part, auxiliary liquors, chemical liquors or coating pastes or preparations used / 15 5098 2 7/0456 will. 21. ■ Process according to claims 1 to 20, characterized in that that treatment agent used on an aqueous basis or based on organic solvents will. · ■ 22. Device for carrying out the continuous process for uniform impregnation or coating of web-shaped textile materials with liquid or Flowable treatment agents according to claims 1 to 21, consisting of at least one application element for the treatment agent as well as transport and guide elements for the web, characterized in that the application element has a direction transverse to the transport direction attached to the goods, longitudinally with a slot provided hollow body ("slotted body") represents the at least one connected supply line for the Contains treatment agent. 23. The device according to claim 22, characterized in that that the Schlxtzkörper an optionally on both end faces represents sealed pipe with a circular or oval cross-section. 2k. .A device according to claim 22 and 23, characterized in that means for controlling the length of the slot are provided on the slot body. 25. Device according to claims 22 to 24, characterized in that that on the slit body, if necessary, means for controlling or partially arranged in a zone-like manner available until the width of the slot is completely closed 3iitd. 5 09827/0456 ¹ · · ι * ι ι j; , * till ι,, 26. Device according to claims 22 to 25, characterized in that that the slit body is divided into several sections (segments) over the entire length of the slit, the optional / separate feed lines for the treatment agent are equipped. 27. Device according to claims 22 to 26, characterized in that that a sieve mesh over the entire opening is appropriate. 28. Device according to claims 22 to 27, characterized in that within the slot body or the various Segments additional circulation elements for the Treatment agents are available. 1 ■ 29. Device according to claims 22 to 28, characterized in that that several slotted bodies are connected one behind the other in a transverse direction to the transport direction of the goods are. 30. The apparatus of claim 29 wherein _t, . that in the context of the arrangement for series connection of several slotted bodies the respective slotted openings the same are shifted laterally (parallel), possibly with a partial overlap. 31. Device according to claims 29 and 30 »characterized in that that instead of the arrangement for the interconnection of several individual slotted bodies in a hollow body larger volume © several individual compartments with the corresponding slot opening in the. desired local Positions are housed. 32. Device according to claims 22 to 31 | characterized, that the opening of the slot body directly - Opposite or at a short distance from it, a suction device to be placed under negative pressure for the - / 17 5 0 9 8 2 7/0456 - 17 »
Handlungsniittel is attached from the web. 33 ♦ Device according to claims 22 to 32, characterized in that that for the purpose of applying the treatment on both sides by means of at least two slotted bodies on the goods The longitudinal axis of their slot opening are correspondingly connected opposite one another. 34. Device according to claims 22 to 33 »characterized in that that the slit bodies represent double-jacket tubes which are movable about the longitudinal axis and thereby are designed to rotate inside or outside (with the transport of goods). 509827/0456