DE2361970C3 - Filter element for a smoking product - Google Patents

Description

, 2. Filter element according to claim 1, thereby achieved.

indicates that the channel (4, 12, 22, 22 ') on 25 Although the increased efficiency is often

'Perimeter of the main filter element (1, 11, 21) is desirable, have the first puffs with a

forms is. such filters generally have no taste

3. Filter element according to claim 1, characterized or no effect for the smoker. With these

"I marked that the channel (4, 12, 22, 22 ', first trains not only has the filter with

32, 53, 52) axially in the main filter element (.1, 30 high efficiency the effect, a considerable-

|| 11, 21,31,41,51) is formed. borrowed part of the total, particulate matter

4. To remove the filter element according to one of claims 1, but it adds the filter effect

I. and 2, characterized in that a single effect of the entire tobacco column to the effect of

| Channel (4, 32, 43, 52) in the main filter element. This means that almost all of the particulate transport

(1, 31, 41, 51) is formed. 35 moderate substance removed, so that the smoker

5. Filter element according to one of claims 1 sen first puffs does not receive satisfaction.

and 2, characterized in that several Ka- There are already filter elements with a channel loaded

nails (12, 18; 22, 22 ') are provided, of which knows. For example, the DT-AS describes 19 48 336 each at least one opening (14, 20; 24, 24 ') a smoking article with in two portions to be filtered assigned near its end. 40 subdivided smoking stream such that during the

6. Filter element according to claim 5, characterized in the last time segment of each train both components indicates that two channels (12, 18; 22, 22 ') are formed via a valve that only opens during the pull are. valve arrangement come into effect. This known

7. Filter element according to one of claims 5 th execution is based on the finding that and 6, characterized in that each of the 45 in the first part of the same train has a larger Channels (22, 22 ') has the same length. Percentage of unwanted components in the smoke

'8 filter element according to one of claims 5 th, which is why the first part is more heavily filtered,

and 6, characterized in that the ducts are the valve arrangement inside the filter

(12,18) have different lengths. relatively involved, of course. In addition, the ar-

9. Filter element according to one of the previous 50 modes of this known filter element, of course the claims, characterized in that the practically the same for every puff, regardless of the channel (32) in the vicinity of the tobacco depending on how far the smoking article in question section (36) is larger than has already been smoked near it.

In the end. Furthermore, from DL-PS 92 197 for filter elements

10. Filter element according to one of the previous 55 th the arrangement of lateral channels known, which for the claims, characterized in that the periphery of the element are open and permeable Perimeter of the main filter element (1, 11, 21, 31, have walls. The smoke is said to be in this way 41, 51) is wrapped in a plastic jacket (3). be forced to pass diagonally through the filter material

11. Filter element naciti one of the previous to flow from one channel to the other and the claims, characterized in that the 60 thereby cover a longer distance. Typical Opening size between 12 and 30 stubs-one for this known design is that each minheit located. at least two channels approximately opposite one another

12. Filter element according to claim 11, which must be provided in order to have a diagonal flow that the opening size to allow between mung. Here, too, it takes place 12 and 21 stubs units Ii igt. 65 filtering practically for every puff in the same

13. Filter element according to claim 1, characterized way and regardless of whether it is the characterized in that the channel (43) is outside the first or last draw on the tobacco product of the main filter material (42). acts.

Next are in US ₇ PS 32 70 750 channels in usually low total content of particulate

a filter with a different spatial shape substance. In large part, that relies on

Orders and shapes of the channels described, including the filtering effect of the tobacco column, so that none

with each channel there is a maximum of filtration through the filter element over the entire length of the case

of the filter section extends. The duct walls are 5 is required

thereby compressible so that the smoker through The invention creates a program, so to speak

Finger pressure Influence on the cross-section of the channels mated filter element For a smoke product with a

can take. This takes practice and attention- tobacco section.

samkeit, especially since the smoker generally does not The invention is in the following with reference to

is used to a filter cigarette on the 10 embodiments with reference to the

To take mouthpiece. It is easily possible that schematic drawings are explained in more detail,

all smoke is sucked in unfiltered. It shows

The invention is based on the object of showing FIG. 1 a perspective view of a preferred

difficulties mentioned in the introduction to related programmed filters according to the present

side that a filter element is created that wel- 15 the invention with a single channel on the

ches automatically the length of the unused tobacco circumference,

section taken into account, because this is already a Fig. 2 is a plan view of the filter element

exerts its own filter effect, which in the first Fig. 1 in a smoking product,

gen is much more effective according to the largest. 3 is a top view of a filter element according to FIG

outer length of the unused tobacco section. 20 of the present invention with two channels, where

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the channels having unequal lengths,

a filter element of the type mentioned at the outset is released, FIG. 4 is a plan view of a filter element according to FIG

which is characterized in that the channel on the one of the present invention in a smoking tobacco -

the end of the product opposite the mouthpiece end, those formed in the filter element

Main filter elements have a length equal to that of the tobacco section of 25 channels,

has fenes end which is connected to the tobacco portion in F i g. 5 is a top view of a filter element connection standing smoke from this measure the present invention, with the on the can, while the other end of the. Channel closed- perimeter of the filter element kegeisen channel formed is and tapers at a distance from the mouthpiece end.

the main filter element is located; that the walls of the 30 F i g. 6 is a top view of a filter element according to FIG

Channel that is associated with the main filter element in connection with the present invention in a smoking product,

are dung, are impermeable to smoke flow; wherein the channel is outside of the filter element

and that the closed end of the. Canal is with min-,

at least one opening is formed. F i g. 7 is a top view of a filler element

With such a filter element, the space of the present invention in a smoke

on the first puffs of smoke, which is essentially the product, with the duct in the main part of the fiI-

The element is only filtered through the tobacco section itself and not cut out along the circumference.

is, while in the further course the opening is formed on,

closed end of the channel by Ab- F i g. 8 is a section along line 8-8 of FIG. 7,

storage more and more clogs. With correspondingly 40 F i g. 9 is a diagram in which in milligrams the

its decreasing length of decreasing filter vortex total substance is indicated, which

The tobacco segment is therefore increasingly used for programmed and non-programmed filters

Smoke is forced through the main filtration element to be emitted on a per-puff basis

because the shunt, that is to say the one directly on FIG. 10, is a diagram with a representation of the

Tobacco section adjoining channel, always low efficiency - on a per-puff basis - for

absorbs more smoke to the same extent as the programmed and non-programmed cigarettes

relatively small opening at its closed end filter and

gets clogged. 11 shows a representation of the released, partial

The filter element is designed in such a way that it provides a general total amount - on a per-train-

mine is resistant to compression, 50 basis - different to explain the effect-

so that the channel during the entire time, in the licher opening sizes,

the smoke product is smoked can remain open. In Fig. 1 of the drawings, there is a filter element 1

Shown because of the size of the channel and mouth in accordance with the present invention. The

flows due to the relationship to the effect filter element contains a filter material 2 with high

degree of the filter element in the initial phases of the efficiency, which is in a casing 3 au;

Smoking at least part of the plastic, which is rigid by burning, is located in which a duct or duct

of the tobacco product generated smoke through the Ka- a groove 4 is formed. At the end of the canal "

nal and the opening and then by a shortened or the groove is an opening 5. In F i g. 2

th part of the filter element. The walls of the channel is that in FIG. 1 shown filter element 1 in a Zi

are shown with the exception of the opening essentially un- 6 ° garette, which has a tobacco section 6 unc

penetrable for the smoke, so that through this eir. Cover sheet? contains both the tobacco

Walls no filtration takes place. section 6 as well as the filter element 1 as an outer «

Although a high efficiency filter envelops envelopes. In Fig. 2 it can be seen that there:

is used, mediate the trains because of the open end 8 of the channel 4 adjacent to the tobacco

the shortest path of the first few moves through the 65 section, while at the mouthpiece end ί

Filter element a generally full Ge of the smoking tobacco product no groove is provided.

taste. As is known, mostly the first, In Fig. 3, a filter element 11 is in a smoke

a few puffs of a cigarette definitely a tobacco product with a tobacco portion 16 Darge

represents, whereby both the filter element 11 and the conditions and sizes are given in detail in the following.

Tobacco portion 16 can be given from a cover sheet 17 as an envelope.

be surrounded. The in Fig. 3 filter elements shown- When designing a usable filter of the here

ment 11 has a longer channel 12, various factors of which are of the type described

open end 13 in the vicinity of the tobacco section 5 of particular importance. The overall efficiency of the

.16 and an opening 14 at the end of the channel, this type of filter is passed through to a large extent

gen. Furthermore, in the filter element, a shorter one defines the specific type of filter element that

Channel 18 formed, the open end 19 being selected for the main part of the filter. Even-

This channel also in the vicinity of the tobacco section usually important parameters are below

tes lies; at the closed end of the canal there is also the Wergart, the weight of the staff

an opening 20 is formed. The ka volume and the fiber distribution end again. These parameters

nib just before the end of the mouthpiece of the cigarette. are also important here.

In Fig. 4 is a similar to the filter element 11. In the case of the programmed filter according to the previous

Filter element 21 shown. The filter element is lying invention are additional important facto-

with a tobacco section 26 through a cover sheet 27 15 ren the size of the opening at the end of the channel,

connected. The two channels 22 and 22 'of the filter - the non-porous walls lining the channel

element 21 each have open parts 23 and 23 'and the initial relationship between the resistance

of the channels in the vicinity of the tobacco section stood the flow path for the smoke through the

while the closed parts of the channels with öff- channel and the opening in comparison with the other

openings 24. 24 'are formed. 20 initial resistance through the main part of the fiI-

In I i g. 5 is again a filter element 31 with a terelement. The shape is also important

Jabak section 36 connected, the two parts and the spatial arrangement of the opening, the press

be encased by a cover sheet 37. The solution of the tow, the dimensions of the groove and the

terelement 31 contains a single channel 32, with orientation of the fibers in the main filter element,

This channel differs from that in the previous Figures 25, in particular in the part of it which is in the vicinity

described channels through its conical to the opening lies.

running form differs, with the largest part being the initial drag ratio of the pro-

of the channel the open end 33 near the programmed filter is defined as the pressure

bak section 36 is. The channel tapers off all waste of the main filter section divided by the

gradually conical in the direction of the opening 34, 3 ° pressure drop of the shortened flow path which the

the groove formed at the closed end of the channel, the openings and the short section of the

det is. The channel ends again shortly before the mouth contains the filter element. These values are, un-

piece end of cigarette. dependent, with an air flow of 17.5 cm ³ / sec

In Fig. 6, a filter element 41 with a FiI- is received.

trier material 42 shown of high efficiency. 35 The percentages of initial pull at the Rau-The filter material is located adjacent to a surface flowing through the groove and opening, Tahak section 46; the filter material 42 and the are compared with the flow through the main tobacco section 46 are held together by a part 47 to the filter section at different resistances. The one component of a cigarette container is shown in Table 1 below:
holder can be. In the part 47 there is a channel 43 40
formed, the part of the tobacco section, Table 1

is closest to filter element 42, initial drag ratio compared to

with filter element 42 nearby but not smoke stream
at the mouthpiece end 44 of the smoking product.

In Fig. 7 is a filter element 51 in combination
shown with a tobacco portion 56, the
both sections from a common cover sheet
57 are wrapped. A channel 52 is in the filter material 53 with high efficiency and not on 50
the scope of this material. The open one
The end of the channel 54 is again in the vicinity
of the tobacco section 56, and in the closed
An opening 55 is formed at the end of the channel. Regardless of the main filter used

It can be seen that the element in each of Figures 55 will generally be the programmed Figure

The filter elements shown are not necessarily measured with the greatest resistance ratio

are drawn stahlich, but only different driest initial efficiency and the largest to

Represent embodiments that within the increase in efficiency increase in later Züsei

zepts of the present invention are possible. Mei- devoted. The for the programmed filters according to

At the very least, the channels as shown have an initial target of the present invention!

Length, which is approximately 80 ° of the total length of the FiI resistance ratio, is between 0.5 and 5 ° C

terelementes is. Usually the channel should preferably be between 1.0 and 3.0. When that starts

or the channels have lengths from 50 to 85 ° 0, the resistance ratio is below 0.5

the length of the filter element. In either way there is no programming effect. Above one

If the sizes of the channels and the openings 65 resistance ratio of 5.0 arise problem

generally shown larger than they really are on. because the opening can be too big, ui

would be formed in order to make the representation clearer - effectively blocked during the initial moves ζ

shape. The parameters for the different Lan- are, or there are blockages that bf

45 ratio Present the train volume through Principal Fiction Student Groove opening 90 0.1 10 67 0.5 33 50 50 1.0 50 25th 3.0 75 17th 5.0 83

the later trains will be broken. In the preferred Range from 1 to 3 is the initial resistance through the groove opening in the short one Filter section apparently equal to or less than the resistance through the main filter element. As a result, 50 to 75% of the smoke passes through the groove opening during the first puff lower efficiency. If this path is blocked gradually increasing slowly, happen increasing proportions of the smoke enter the main filter section. Generally it is with the fourth or fifth move the resistance through the groove opening greater than the resistance through the main filter element, so that most of the smoke is passed through the main filter element. Usually the opening is almost completely blocked on the last puff, so that practically all of the smoke comes through the main filter element is guided.

The effect of this programmed sequence can be seen in FIGS. 9 and K). In Fig. 9, the total release of particulate substance per puff is shown both for a standard cellulose acetate filter α and for a programmed filter b according to the present invention. It can be seen that with the programmed filter, the milligrams delivered per puff are essentially the same for the first as for the ninth puff; In contrast, with the usual cellulose acetate filter, the total release of particulate matter per puff has more than doubled in this pull area. The reason for this leveling of the tar delivery per train can be seen in Fig. 10, in which the efficiency of the filter is shown for each train. Here the efficiency of the standard cellulose acetate filter changes very little between the first and the ninth puffs, while the efficiency of the programmed filter increases from about 40 to 60% during this same smoking period.

If a single channel and opening are used, then the optimal size is the opening formed at the end of the duct between 12 and 30 Birmingham or stubs units. According to a preferred embodiment, the opening size for such a filter element is between 12 and 21 Birmingham or Stubs units. The channel leading to the hole should be one diameter from about 1 to 3 mm and generally slightly larger than the opening. Though here the duct size is expressed in terms of diameter. is the cross-sectional area of the canal and nichi seme Configuration or its diameter is the critical factor.

The area of the channel should not be too large, otherwise there is a risk that the area of the main part the filter material will be too small; the channel represents part of the main filtration volume to be removed The length of the channel is not a critical factor; it is chosen in such a way that the relative resistance between the bulk of the filter material and the channel, orifice and the short section of filter material is within the ranges listed above.

Some impact force is required in order for the particulate material to build up in the part of the filter material. which is located near the opening at the end of the channel. The appropriate speed for this is given by appropriate design of the size, such as. B. the diameter of the channel, as indicated above would.

If more than one channel and opening are used, e.g. B. in the Füg. 3 and 4 shown then the total area of the plurality of openings should be slightly larger than the area of one single opening to achieve the same result. Because that's around the opening in the filter material accumulated particulate material adopts a generally hemispherical configuration, if a larger amount of particulate matter is required to block an opening, al? a multitude of openings with the same area. So it is relative to the only one Opening increases the size of the multitude of openings, so that essentially the same amount of particulate substance is required to produce the To block multiple openings as would be required for a single opening; thereby becomes achieves the same type of programmed sequence. With a large number of openings, as they are, for. Am F i g. 3 are shown, in which the channels do not have the same length, a channel, e.g. B. the channel 12, be the channel through which the smoke flows during the first few puffs of the cigarette; then the smoke flow can move to a second channel, such as. B. Move channel 18, and finally the smoke can pass through the bulk of the filter material. Although in FIG. 3 only two channels a different number of channels can of course also be used.

The effect of the opening size 15 to 19 stub "varying within the range established above is shown in FIG. 11 shown. The same filter element material is used in each case; In the diagram, the total release of particulate matter in milligrams per puff is plotted against the counts from 1 to 9. It can be seen that if the other factors are kept constant, a greater leveling of the release of particulate substance per puff is achieved as the opening size becomes smaller. Again, the leveling of the release of particulate substance can easily be determined in comparison with a control sample α .

If desired, the single kana of most of the illustrated embodiments may or may not be used one or more of the channels shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are filled with a certain material or partially filled to make a special one! Achieve result. For example, an aromatic Substance introduced into the channel around the first puffs of smoke a special Ge to give flavor. If the channel contains such a: material, then it should be such a type and such Amount used so that the programming effect of the filter is not lost.

The main filter element, e.g., 2 in Figure 1, came formed from different filter materials who the. It can e.g. B. made of paper or cellulose azeta exist. In general, it is selected for its filtration efficiency, with one fiI Terelement according to the present invention, the filtration efficiency for particulate substrates should be at least about 50 ° 0.

As in F1 g. 1 is the main part the filter material through a plastic sleeve to give, the channel in this sleeve and the öff

609 683/40:

ίο

opening formed at the end of the channel through the sleeve are. The plastic sleeve has a dual function:

1. It prevents the filter from being compressed, which would destroy the duct.

2. It makes the walls of the canal impervious so that no filtration through these walls can take place.

The plastic sleeve is not one of the critical features of the present invention so long as it does both functions are fulfilled. So z. B. after the formation of the channel in the filter material, the circumference of the filter material to provide the necessary sealing and mechanical Increase strength. Depending on the particular filter material used, a heat seal can also be used.

The effects of the various parameters mentioned above on the operation of the programmed Filters are shown in Table 2. There the various parameters are given as well as the effect an increase in one of these parameters in relation to the initial pressure drop of the filter, the initial one Efficiency of the fiI: er, the initial flow rate through the channel and the opening, the last pressure drop across the filter and the last efficiency of the filter. A boost to either of these measured effects is as "+", a decrease as "-" and no change as "0" shown.

In order to give those skilled in the art a better opportunity to carry out the present invention in practice, some examples are listed below. However, these examples should only should be understood as illustrating and not limiting the full scope of the present invention will.

Examples 1 to 3

In these examples, the filter element was made from cellulose acetate filters of 1.6 denier per fiber

Table 2

and formed 24,000 denier per filter. They had an injected secondary curl. From this material Three filters were formed, each with opening sizes of 19, 17 and 15 stubs or units 1.1, 1.5 and 1.8 mm in diameter, respectively. The total release of particulate matter in Milligrams per cigarette, the initial pressure drops in inches of water column, the initial drag ratios and the filter efficiencies are

ίο shown in table 3. You can see that with each of these filters a substantial increase in filter efficiency from the first to the last puff revealed.

Example 4

In this example, the cellulose acetate filter element was 1.6 deniers per fiber for a total of 48,000 deniers. The orifice diameter was 1.8 mm, the stub unit was 15. The total particulate matter delivery was 12.2 milligrams per cigarette and the initial pressure drop in inches of water was 3.7. The initial drag ratio was 0.9. The cigarette exhibited an overall filter efficiency of 50 ⁰ Zo, which ^{includes an initial efficiency of 34 0} Zo and an end efficiency of 65 ⁰ Zo.

Example 5

In this example, a cellulose acetate filter element of 2.5 denier per fiber for a total of 44,000 denier was used. The opening diameter was 1.8 mm, ie stub unit 15. The total release of particulate substance for the cigarettes was 17.6 milligrams. The initial pressure drop was 2.2 inches of water and the initial drag ratio was 1.4. The cigarette exhibited an overall efficiency of 31 ⁰ Zo, which included an initial ^{efficiency of 16 0} Zo and an end efficiency of 47 ⁰ O.

parameter
elevated Beginner
Pressure drop
of the filter Beginner
Effect
Degree
of the filter Initial
flow
through canal
and opening Final thickening
waste of the
Filters Final effect
degree of
Filters 38 71 Opening size - - -L. 0 0 34 65 Canal area + - + + 0 33 61 Efficiency of the
Filter element + + τ- + Removal of
Opening from
Aspirating
of the filter + + 0
+ 0
i- Table 3 Hole diameter
Stubs units Beginner
! Pressure drop
Inch / water column Initial
Resistance
ratio Filter efficiency in percent
total beginning end 19th 3.6 1.4 58 17th 3.0 1.7 49 15th 2.6 2.2 47 For this purpose 3 sheets of drawings

Claims (1)

J 14. Smoking product, characterized in that there is a filter element (1, 11, 21, 31, 41, 51) 1. Filter element for a tobacco section according to any one of claims 1 to 13 contains containing smoking product, wherein a main film 15. cigarette with a fabakabschnitt and Trierelement with a mouthpiece end to 5 a filter element, characterized in that bring the filter element according to one of claims 1 forward in series with the tobacco section can be seen in which at least one channel is formed to 13 is formed. is, characterized in that the Channel (4, 12, 22, 32, 43, 52) on that of the oral. piece end (9) opposite end of the io The invention relates to a filter element for em Main filter element (1, 11, 21, 31, 41, 51) a smoking product containing a portion of tobacco; to the tobacco portion (6, 16, 26, 36, 46, 56) wherein a main filter element with a mouthpiece open Has end (8) that is connected to the tobacco end for attachment in series with the tobacco section communicating smoke from die-cut is provided in which at least one duct sem can accommodate while the other end 15 is shaped. of the canal is closed and by far the mouthpiece end (9) of the main filter element developed a tendency to use filter materials for % ltegt; that the walls of the channel, with the smoking tobacco products, especially cigarettes, with "i main filter element related to use for ever greater efficiencies. In ; Smoke flow are impermeable; and that the 20 this context is called the efficiency { {! lclosed the end of the channel with at least the amount of total particulate matter * an opening (5, 14, 24, 34, 43, 55) formed, which is defined by the burning tobacco ~, ilet is. generated smoke is removed before it reaches the smoker