DE2361970B2 - FILTER ELEMENT FOR A SMOKING PRODUCT - Google Patents

Description

Furthermore, in US ₇ PS 32 70 750 channels in a riter with different spatial arrangements and shapes of the channels are described, each channel extending over the entire length of the filter section. The Xanal walls are compressible so that the smoker can influence the cross-section of the channels by finger pressure. This requires practice and attention, especially since the smoker is generally not used to gripping a filter cigarette by the mouthpiece of all things. It is easily possible that all of the smoke is sucked in unfiltered.

The invention is based on the object of eliminating the difficulties mentioned at the beginning by that a filter element is created, which automatically the length of the unused tobacco section taken into account because this already has its own filter effect, which is the case with the first puffs Much more effective is corresponding to the greater length of the unused tobacco section.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a filter element of the type mentioned at the outset, which is characterized in that the channel on the the end of the main filter element opposite the mouthpiece end, an end which is open to the tobacco section Has end that receive smoke therefrom in communication with the tobacco section while the other end of the channel is closed and spaced from the mouthpiece end the main filter element is located; that the walls of the channel that communicate with the main filter element are impermeable to smoke flow; lind that the closed end of the channel with at least an opening is formed.

With such a filter element, the smoker receives smoke on the first puffs, which is essentially is only filtered through the tobacco section itself, while in the further course the opening on the closed end of the channel is clogged more and more by deposits. With accordingly its decreasing length and decreasing filter effect of the tobacco portion is therefore more and more Smoke forced through the main filter element because of the shunt, i.e. the one directly at the Tobacco section adjoining canal, absorbs smaller and smaller smoke streaks, to the same extent as that relatively small opening at its closed end becomes clogged.

The filter element is designed so that it is generally resistant to compression, so that the channel can remain open during the entire time the smoking product is being smoked.

Because of the size of the channel and the orifice flows because of the relationship to the efficiency of the filter element in the initial stages of smoking at least a part of that by burning of the tobacco product generated smoke through the duct and opening and then through a shortened one Part of the filter element. With the exception of the opening, the walls of the channel are essentially impenetrable for the Raucli, so that no filtration takes place through these walls.

Although a high efficiency filter is used, the puffs convey because of the shortened length On the way of the first few puffs through the filter element, a generally full taste. As is well known, most of the time the first few puffs of a cigarette definitely have one usually low total particulate matter content. In large part, that relies on the filtering effect of the tablet column, so that in no case maximum filtration through the filter element is required.

The invention thus creates, so to speak, a programmed filter element for a smoking product with a Tobacco section.

The invention is illustrated below with reference to exemplary embodiments schematic drawings explained in more detail.

It shows

F i g. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred programmed filter in accordance with the present invention Invention with a single channel on the perimeter,

F i g. 2 is a plan view of the filter element according to FIG. 1 in a smoking product,

F i g. 3 is a plan view of a filter element according to the present invention with two channels, wherein the channels have unequal lengths,

F i g. 4 is a plan view of a filter element according to the present invention in a smoking tobacco product; wherein the channels formed in the filter element have the same length,

F i g. 5 is a top plan view of a filter element according to the present invention, wherein the one on the The circumference of the filter element is conical,

F i g. 6 is a plan view of a filter element according to the present invention in a smoking product; where the channel is outside the filter element,

F i g. 7 is a plan view of a filter element according to FIG of the present invention in a smoking product, wherein the channel is in the main part of the filter element and is not formed along the circumference,

F i g. 8 is a section along line 8-8 of FIG. 7,
F i g. 9 is a graph showing, in milligrams, the total particulate matter dispensed for programmed and non-programmed filters on a per puff basis;

Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the Efficiency - on a per-pull basis - for programmed and non-programmed cigarette filters and

11 shows a representation of the dispensed, parti · total spherical amount - on a per-puff basis - to explain the effects of different Opening sizes.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings is a filter element 1

illustrated in accordance with the present invention. That

Filter element contains a filter material 2 with high efficiency, which is in a casing 3 au;

Stiff plastic is located in which a channel or a groove 4 is formed. At the end of the canal;

or there is an opening 5 in the groove. In FIG. 1 is that in Fig. 1 shown filter element 1 in a Zl

Garette shown, which has a tobacco section 6 unc

a cover sheet 7 contains both the tobacco section 6 and the filter element 1 as the outside Shell surrounds. In Fig. 2 it can be seen that there;

open end 8 of the channel 4 is adjacent to the tobacco section, while at the Mundslückendc ί

of the smoking tobacco product no groove is provided.

In Fig. 3 is a filter element 11 in a smoking tobacco product with a tobacco portion 16 shown

both the filter element 11 and the genes and sizes are described in detail in the following section on tobacco 16 can be given by a cover sheet 17 as an envelope.

be surrounded. The in Fig. 3 filter elements shown- When designing a usable filter of the here

ment 11 has a longer channel 12, various factors of which are of the type described open end 13 in the vicinity of the tobacco section 5 of particular importance. The overall efficiency the-16 and an opening 14 at the end of the channel, type of filter, is passed through to a large extent gen. Furthermore, in the filter element, a shorter one defines the specific type of filter element that Channel 18 formed, the open end 19 being selected for the main part of the filter. Same thing Channel also in the vicinity of the tobacco section usually important parameters are below tes lies; at the closed end of the canal there is also the Wergart, the weight of the rod, which an opening 20 is formed. The ka volume and the fiber distribution end again. These parameters nib just before the end of the mouthpiece of the cigarette. are also important here.

In Fig. 4 is a similar to the filter element 11 in the programmed filter according to the previous

Filter element 21 shown. The filter element's underlying invention are additional important facts a tobacco section 26 through a cover sheet 27 15 ren the size of the opening at the end of the channel, tied together. The two channels 22 and 22 'of the filter - the non-porous walls lining the channel element 21 each have open parts 23 and 23 'and the initial relationship between the Widerder Channels near the tobacco section opened up the flow path for the smoke through the while the closed parts of the canals with öff- canal and the opening in comparison with the anungen 24, 24 'are formed. * ° initial resistance through the main part of the fiI-

In Fig. 5 is again a filter element 31 with a terelement. The shape is also important Tobacco section 36 connected, the two parts and the spatial arrangement of the opening, the presvon a cover sheet 37 are encased. The solution of the tow, the dimensions of the groove and the terelement 31 contains a single channel 32, with orientation of the fibers in the main filter element, This channel differs from that shown in the previous figures »5 in particular in the part of it that is near described channels through its conical to the opening lies.

running form differs, with the largest part being the initial drag ratio of the pro-

of the channel, the open end 33 near the programmed filter is defined as the pressure bak section 36 is. The channel tapers by all waste of the main filter section, divided by the gradually conical pressure drop in the direction of the opening 34, 30 of the shortened flow path, which is the groove formed at the closed end of the channel, the openings and the short section of the channel . The channel ends again shortly before the mouth contains the filter element. These values are, unbroken, of the cigarette. dependent, with an air flow of 17.5 cm ³ / sec

In Fig. 6, a filter element 41 with a FiI- is received.

trier material 42 shown of high efficiency. 35 The percentages of initial draw at the Rau-The filter material is located adjacent to a surface flowing through the groove and opening, tobacco section 46; The filter material 42 and the are compared with the flow through the main tobacco section 46 are held together by a part 47 to filter section at different resistance, which is a component of a cigarette holder shown in Table 1 below:
holder can be. In the part 47 is a channel 43 * o
formed, the part of the tobacco section, Table 1

is closest to filter element 42, Initial Drag Ratio compared to with filter element 42 nearby but not smoke stream

at the mouthpiece end 44 of the smoking product -

binds. 45 ratio percent of the train volume through

In Fig. 7 is a filter element 51 in combination groove-opening main filter element

shown with a tobacco section 56, the -

both sections are wrapped in a common cover sheet 0.1 57. A channel 52 is in the filter 0.5 material 53 with high efficiency and not formed to 50 1.0 the scope of this material. The open 3.0 The end of the channel 54 is again in the vicinity of the tobacco section 56, and in the closed one

An opening 55 is formed at the end of the channel. Regardless of the main filter used

It can be seen that the element in each of Figures 55 will generally be that shown in the programmed Figure Filter elements are not necessarily measured with the greatest resistance ratio than actually are drawn, but only different third initial efficiency and the largest to-embodiments represent the increase in efficiency in later trains within the con - growth zepts of the present invention are possible. Mei- devoted. The filters programmed according to At least one channel as shown in the present invention has its intended initial goals Length, which is about 80% of the total length of the FiI resistance ratio between 0.5 and 5.0, terelementes is. Usually the channel should preferably be between 1.0 and 3.0. When that starts- or the channels have lengths from 50 to 85% of the resistance ratio below 0.5, the length of the filter element. In either way there is no programming effect. Above one Case the sizes of the channels and the openings 65 resistance ratio of 5.0 arise problems generally shown larger than it really is on, since once the opening can be too big to were formed in order to make the representation clearer and effectively blocked during the initial moves shape. The parameters for the different Lan- are, or there are blockages that occur at

10 90 33 67 50 50 75 25th 83 17th

7 8

the later trains will be broken. In the corresponding design of the size, such as the

the preferred range from 1 to 3 is the initial diameter of the canal, as indicated above

Resistance through the groove opening in the short was.

Filter section obviously the same or less if more than one channel and one opening verger than the resistance through the main filter element. 5 are applied, such as. B. it; FIGS. 3 and 4 represent AIs Result of this happen while the first is put, then should be the total area of the variety Train 50 to 75% of the smoke the groove opening with openings to be slightly larger than the area of a lower efficiency. If this path is long- single opening to achieve the same result increasing gradually blocked, happen chen. Because that's around the opening in the filter room As the proportion of smoke increases, the particulate matter accumulates in the material Main filter section. Generally, the four- substantially hemispherical configuration is common or fifth pull the resistance takes through the groove, is a larger amount of particulate sub-opening greater than the resistance required by the main punch to block an opening, filter element, so that most of the smoke as a plurality of openings with the same is passed through the main filter element. Normally area. So it is relative to the only one wise, on the last move, the opening is almost completely blocked by the size of the large number of openings, so that practically all of the smoke rises through, so that essentially the same amount of the main filter element is guided. particulate substance is required to the

The effect of this programmed sequence can be to block variety of openings as they are for

from FIGS. 9 and 10 recognize. In FIG. 9, 20 a single opening would be required; thereby becomes

Total particulate matter delivery achieved per the same type of programmed sequence.

Train both for a standard cellulose acetate film. Am

ter α as well as for a programmed filter b according to FIG. 3 are shown, in which the channels do not

of the present invention. One can have the same length, one channel, e.g. B. the channel

realize that with the programmed filter the per 25 12, be the channel through which the smoke during

Puff delivered milligrams for the first as for the first, a few puffs of the cigarette flows;

the ninth move are essentially the same; afterwards the smoke stream can turn to a second

In contrast to this, the usual cellulose channel, such as. B. Move channel 18 and close

Acetate filter lent the total release of particulate matter, the smoke can pass through the main part of the filtering

Substance per puff in this pull area more than 30 flow of materials. Although in FIG. 3 only two

double. The reason for this leveling of the tar channels shown can of course also be different

fee per train can be found in Fi g. 10 recognize in the number of channels used

the efficiency of the filter for each puff is shown. The effect of within that stated above

is. Here, the efficiency of the range varying opening size changes from 15 to 19 stubs

Standard cellulose acetate filter between the 35 is shown in FIG. 11 shown. In any case

first and the ninth puff very little while using the same filter element material; by doing

The programmed filter efficiency during chart is the total particulate output

this same smoking period of about 40 on substance in milligrams per puff versus the puff numbers

60 ° / o increases. applied from 1 to 9. It can be seen that

If a single channel and an opening obstructs a greater 40 while keeping the other factors constant

are turned, then the optimal size of the outer level is the delivery of particulate matter

opening formed at the end of the channel between substance per puff is achieved when the opening

between 12 and 30 Birmingham or Sidbs units. size gets smaller. Again, the level can be easily

According to a preferred embodiment, the regulation is the release of particulate substance

Determine the opening size for such a filter element between 45 and a control sample α .

12 and 21 Birmingham or Srubs units. If desired, the single channel can be used

The channel leading to the hole should have a diameter of most of the illustrated embodiments or

ser from about 1 to 3 mm and generally one or more of the in the F i g. 3 and 4 shown

should be slightly larger than the opening. Although ducts made with a certain material are

The channel size is expressed as a diameter, 50 fills or partially filled to make a particular one

is the cross-sectional area of the channel and not its result. For example, an aro-

Configuration or its diameter of the critical matic substance being introduced into the canal,

Factor. to give the first puffs of smoke a special touch

The area of the canal should not be too large, as it gives flavor. Does the channel contain one

otherwise there is a risk that the surface of the main 55 material, then should be such a type and such

some of the filter material will be too small; the amount of Ka used that the programming effect

nai represents part of the main filter to be removed - the filter is not lost

The length of the channel is not critical. The main filter element, e.g. 2 in Fig. 1, can

table size; it is selected in such a way that different filter materials are used

the relative resistance between the main part of the 60 den. It can e.g. B. made of paper or cellulose acetate

Filtriermaterials and the channel, the opening and consist. It is generally used because of its fiI-

the short section of the filter material is selected, with a filter efficiency

half of the areas compiled above. terelement according to the present invention of

A certain impact force is necessary to achieve filtration efficiency for particulate matter

Structure of the particulate material; in which part 65 should be at least about 50%,

of the filter material, which is located in the vicinity of the open As in F i g. 1 is shown, the main part

at the end of the channel. the filter material through a plastic sleeve

The suitable speed for this is given by giving the channel in this sleeve and the opening

ίο

opening at the end of the channel through the sleeve. The plastic sleeve has a double Function:

1. It prevents the filter from being compressed, which would destroy the duct.

2. It makes the walls of the canal impervious so that no filtration through these walls can take place.

The plastic sleeve is not one of the critical features of the present invention so long as it does both functions are fulfilled. So z. B. after the formation of the channel in the filter material, the circumference of the filter material to provide the necessary sealing and mechanical Increase strength. Depending on the particular filter material used, a heat seal can also be used.

The effects of the various parameters mentioned above on the operation of the programmed Filters are shown in Table 2. There the various parameters are given as well as the effect an increase in one of these parameters in relation to the initial pressure drop of the filter, the initial one Efficiency of the filter, the initial flow rate through the channel and the opening, the last pressure drop across the filter and the last efficiency of the filter. A boost to either of these measured effects is as "+", a decrease as "-" and no change as "0" shown.

In order to give those skilled in the art a better opportunity to carry out the present invention in practice, some examples are listed below. However, these examples should only should be understood as illustrating and not limiting the full scope of the present invention will.

Examples 1 to 3

In these examples, the filter element was made from cellulose acetate filters of 1.6 denier per fiber and formed 24,000 denier per filter. They had an injected secondary curl. From this material Three filters were formed, each having orifice sizes of 19, 17 and 15 stubs units 1.1, 1.5 and 1.8 mm in diameter, respectively. The total release of particulate matter in Milligrams per cigarette, the initial pressure drops in inches of water column, the initial drag ratios and the filter efficiencies are shown in Table 3. You can see that with each of these filters a substantial increase in filter efficiency from the first to the last puff revealed.

Example 4

In this example, the cellulose acetate filter element was 1.6 denier per fiber and total 48,000 denier. The orifice diameter was 1.8mm and the stub unit was 15. The total delivery of particulate matter was 12.2 milligrams per cigarette, and the initial pressure drop in inches of water column was 3.7. The initial drag ratio was 0.9. The cigarette

as showed an overall filter efficiency of 50%, which ^{includes an initial efficiency of 34 e} / o and a final efficiency of 65%.

Example

In this example, a cellulose acetate filter element of 2.5 denier per fiber for a total of 44,000 denier was used. The opening diameter was 1.8 mm, ie stub unit 15. The total release of particulate substance for the cigarettes was 17.6 milligrams. The initial pressure drop was 2.2 inches of water and the initial drag ratio was 1.4. The cigarette exhibited an overall efficiency of 31 ^a / o, which included an initial efficiency of 16% and an end efficiency of 47%.

Table 2 Beginner
Pressure drop
of the filter Beginner
Pressure drop
Inch / water column Beginner
Effect
Degree
of the filter Initial
flow
through canal
and opening Final pressure
waste of the
Filters Final effect
degree of
Filters 38 71 parameter
elevated - 3.6 - + 0 0 34 65 Opening size + 3.0 - + + 0 33 61 Canal area Efficiency of the +
Filter element 2.6 + -Ι -τ- Removal of
Opening from
Aspirating
of the filter + Ο
+ 0
+ Table 3 Hole diameter
Stubs units Initial
Resistance
: relationship Filter efficiency in percent
total beginning end 19th 1.4 58 17th 1.7 49 15th 2.2 47 For this purpose 3 sheets of drawings

Claims (13)

pot.n ("ri-" u ". 14. Smoking product, characterized, claims:, o." .y., '., t ΛΛX1 ^ 1 ^ 1 -i \ that there is a filter element (1, 11, 21 , Jl, 41, 51) 1. Filter element for a tobacco section according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
containing smoking product, wherein a main fil- 15. cigarette with a tobacco section and trier element with a mouthpiece end to the 5 a filter element, characterized in that bringing in series with the tobacco section before the filter element according to one of claims 1 is seen in the at least a channel shaped to 13 is formed. is, characterized in that the Channel (4, 12, 22, 32, 43, 52) at the mouthpiece end (9) opposite end of the io The invention relates to a filter element for a Main filter element (1, 11, 21, 31, 41, 51) a smoking product containing a portion of tobacco; to the tobacco section (6, 16, 26, 36, 46, 56) with a main filter element having a mouthpiece open end (8), the tobacco end for attachment in series with the tobacco section communicating smoke from die-cut is provided in which at least one duct sem can accommodate while the other end 15 is shaped. of the canal is closed and by far in the last few years, the tobacco industry the mouthpiece end (9) of the main filter element developed a tendency to use filter materials for lies; that the walls of the channel with the smoking tobacco product, especially cigarettes, with Main filter element related to use for ever greater efficiencies. In Smoke flow are impermeable; and that the 20 this context is called the efficiency closed end of the channel with at least the amount of the total, particulate substance an opening (5, 14, 24, 34, 43, 55) formed, which is defined by the burning tobacco det is. generated smoke is removed before it reaches the smoker 2. Filter element according to claim 1, thereby achieved. indicates that the channel (4, 12, 22, 22 ') at »5 Although the increased efficiency is often The circumference of the main filter element (1, 11, 21) is desirable, the first puffs have a forms is. such filters generally have no taste 3. Filter element according to claim 1, characterized or no effect for the smoker. With these characterized in that the channel (4, 12, 22, 22 ', first trains not only has the filter with 32, 53, 52) axially in the main filter element (1, 30 high efficiency the effect, a considerable-11, 21, 31, 41, 51) is formed. borrowed part of the total, particulate matter 4. To remove the filter element according to one of claims 1, but it adds the filter effect and 2, characterized in that a single effect of the entire tobacco column to the effect of the Channel (4, 32, 43, 52) in the main filter element. This means that almost all of the particulate transport (1, 31, 41, 51) is formed. 35 moderate substance removed, so that the smoker 5. Filter element according to one of claims 1 sen first puffs does not receive satisfaction. and 2, characterized in that several Ka- There are already filter elements with a channel loaded nails (12, 18; 22, 22 ') are provided, of which knows. For example, the DT-AS describes 19 48 336 each at least one opening (14, 20; 24, 24 ') a smoking article with two parts to be filtered assigned near its end. 40 divided smokersuom in such a way that during the 6. Filter element according to claim 5, characterized in the last time segment of each train both components indicates that two channels (12, 18; 22, 22 ') are formed via a valve which only opens during the pull are. valve arrangement come into effect. This known 7. Filter element according to one of claims 5 th execution is based on the finding that and 6, characterized in that each of the 45 in each case in the first part of the same move a larger Channels (22, 22 ') has the same length. Percentage of unwanted components in the smoke 8. The filter element according to one of claims 5 is th, which is why the first part is filtered more strongly. and 6, characterized in that the ducts are the valve arrangement inside the filter (12,18) have different lengths. relatively involved, of course. In addition, the ar- 9. Filter element according to one of the previous 50 modes of this known filter element, of course the claims, characterized in that the practically the same for every train, regardless of the distance of the channel (32) in the vicinity of the tobacco depending on how far the smoking article in question section (36) is larger than has already been smoked near it. In the end. Furthermore, from DL-PS 92 197 for filter elements 10. Filter element according to one of the preceding 55 known the arrangement of lateral channels, which for the claims, characterized in that the periphery of the element are open and permeable Perimeter of the main filter element (1, 11, 21, 31, have walls. The smoke is said to be in this way 41, 51) is wrapped in a plastic jacket (3). be forced to pass diagonally through the filter material 11. Filter element to flow from one channel to the other after one of the preceding and the claims, characterized in that the 60 thereby cover a longer distance. Typical Opening size between 12 and 30 stubs-one for this known design is that in each case minorities lies. at least two channels approximately opposite one another 12. Filter element according to claim 11, which must be provided in order to have a diagonal flow that allow the orifice size between mung. Here, too, it takes place 12 and 21 stubs units. 65 filtering practically for every puff in the same 13. Filter element according to claim 1, characterized way and regardless of whether it is the characterized in that the channel (43) is outside the first or last draw on the tobacco product of the skin filter material (42). acts.