DE2360416C2 - Tobacco feeder - Google Patents

Description

characterized,

- That the feed device contains a plurality of feed units {ii, IV ) arranged at the individual sections (I-VI) of the casing (10), the front and rear gripper parts (24, 30) engaging one after the other and an oscillating movement carry out,

- and that the depth of penetration in the feed direction extending movement section and the speed of the feed movement of the front gripper parts (24) are greater than that the rear gripper parts (30), such that in each section (I-VI) of the channel (10) a The tobacco is pulled out in the feed direction

2. Tobacco feed device according to claim I _1, characterized in that ο · ε gripper parts (24,30) can be driven by the feed device in such a way that their free ends, which engage in the channel (10) during the movement in the feed direction, are opposite to the feed direction withdraw from the canal.

3. tobacco feed device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the front Gripper parts (24) with each feed unit (11, 11 ') a phase projection in front of the rear gripper part (30) of the same feed unit (11, 11 ') in the Engage channel (10).

4. Tobacco feed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the two gripper parts (24,30) have a feed unit (11) two gripper parts (24, 30) each face a further feed unit (H '), which engage from the opposite side in the same section of the channel (10).

5. Tobacco feed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that for a gripper part (24) of each feed unit (11, 11 ') a gear (28) a device for Driving this gear (28) is attached to the gear (28) and connected to the gripper part (24) Crank pin (27) and a guide member (19) are provided, which freely around a fixed point (22) is pivotable and through which said gripper part (24) protrudes.

6. tobacco feed device according to claim 5, characterized in that for the other Gripper part (30) a gear (63), a device for driving this gear (63), a

Planet gear (61) carrying crank pin (62) attached to gear (63), a planet gear (61) surrounding ring gear (64) with twice the number of teeth of the planetary gear (61), one on which Planet gear (61) attached to the other gripper part (30) connected crank pin (60) and a guide member (20) are provided which can be freely pivoted about a fixed point (22) and through which the other gripper part (30)

ίο protrudes.

7. tobacco feed device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the two Gears (28,63) can be driven by a common drive shaft (40).

8. Tobacco feed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the channel (10) forming sections of decreasing cross-section through buffer zones are separated from each other, in which the channel walls do not converge and in the area of which there are none Gripper parts (24,30) extend into the channel (10).

9. Tobacco feed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gripper parts (24, 30) of a feed unit (11, 11 ') at right angles to the gripper parts (24, 30) of the next following feed unit in the feed direction (11,11 ') arranged

10. Tobacco supply device according to claim 8, characterized in that the cross section of the buffer zones is slightly larger than the smallest Cross-section of the immediately preceding section, decreasing cross-section.

11. Tobacco feed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

Ji net that the frequency of movement of the free end of the Gripper parts (24, 30) in a section of the channel (10) is larger than in the immediately preceding one Section of the channel (10).

12. Tobacco feed device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the number of front and rear gripper parts (24, 30) in a section of the channel (10) is less than or equal to the corresponding number in the immediately preceding section of the Channel (10).

The invention relates to a tobacco feed device as defined in the preamble of claim 1 described type.

Such a tobacco feed device is known from DE-AS 19 61407. With this well-known Facility is first formed a tobacco rod, which several times axially as well as in Conveying direction compressed one behind the other transversely to the conveying direction and running in its cross-section is reduced. A compressed air flow is used to even out the compression Cross-sectional enlargement and reduction is switched on and off.

Another device for forming a tobacco rod is known from DE-AS 15 11 518. at

b5 this is a strand conveyor with rake-like Grippers are provided which penetrate into the tobacco rod during their movement in the conveying direction and push this in the direction of a measuring device.

The invention has for its object to provide a tobacco feed device that soft Tobacco with as little degradation as possible to form a strand with a small cross-section and as uniform as possible Forms density

This object is achieved by a tobacco feed device with the features of patent claim 1.

The gripper parts provided on the individual sections of the tobacco channel, which have different depths in penetrate the tobacco stream, whereby the deeper penetrating gripper parts have a longer trajectory in Have the feed direction and run through it faster than the gripper parts that penetrate less deeply, shape the tobacco in a way that is comparable to the common manual method, in which the tobacco stream is fed with a large cross-section in a channel at a work station, from which the operator pulls out a small amount of tobacco with one hand while holding the Holding back the main mass with the other hand Similar to this procedure, the Tobacco supply device according to the invention that the tobacco is practical when passing through the Kar al is not compressed and that the degradation is due to the formation of the small strand cross-section inevitable degree is limited

Advantageous refinements and developments of the invention are the subject matter of the subclaims which is hereby expressly referred to in order to shorten the description.

In the following the invention is based on the drawings explained in more detail

Figures 1, 2 and 3 show a front view, a side view and a plan view of a tobacco supply device according to the invention.

4 shows a section according to the line IV-IV of Fig. 1.

5 and 6 show a side view and a plan view of a feed unit

7 and 8 show a side view and a top view, respectively, of a further embodiment of the feed unit.

FIG. 9 shows a section along the line IX-IX in FIG. 7.

The machine shown in Fig. 1 to 3 comprises a vertical converging channel with a feed tube 10, a number of feed units or groups U, W and an ejector tube 13. The channel converges up to a cross section of about 30 mm 30 mm, this cross section can be smaller or larger as desired.

In the embodiment shown, the feed groups M, W are arranged in six planes or stations (I-IV), the groups of one plane being arranged at 90 ° relative to the groups of the adjacent plane. More or fewer levels can be provided. Each feed group U, 11 'consists of one or more feed units 12, each of which has a pair of side plates 14, which are separated from one another by spacer elements 16, and a front plate 17 facing into the interior of the converging channel (see FIGS 6). A pair of rocking levers or guide members 19, 20 are accommodated in the front plate 17, which are mounted pivotably about a common axis 22 and have an arcuate surface facing the channel. A mandrel 24, which is attached to one end of a mandrel crank arm 25, runs through the rocker arm 19. The other end of the mandrel crank arm 25 is mounted on the crank pin 27 of a gear 28 Each mandrel crank arm 25 and 31 is mounted on the respective crank pin 27 or 33 with a bearing 36 or 37. A drive shaft 40 common to the feed group enters the feed unit 12 through a side plate 14 and carries a pair of drive pinions 41, 42, which mesh with the respective gear 28 and 34, respectively.

Each station or level includes an approximately square or rectangular passage. Two sides of the passage are made up of the pairs of rocking levers 19,20 and the other two sides of boundary plates 43 formed, which the connection with the next station and with the discharge tube 13 is maintained.

The thorns are arranged in pairs that are spaced apart and you, pairs of thorns in the following station are between the Levels of previous pairs arranged

It can be seen that the mandrel crank arm 25 is considerably shorter than the mandrel crank arm 31 and that the drive gears 28 and 34 have centers offset from one another. Further are the crank pins 27, 33 by a phase angle of approximately 25 °

jo offset against each other

The feed unit 12 operates in the following manner:

A rotation of the drive shaft 40 causes a rotation of the gears 28,34, which the mandrel crank arms 25, 31 wear. As the gears 28,34 rotate, the mandrel crank arms slide the mandrels bit forwards and forcibly cause a swinging movement because of the pivoted rocker arm down from. As soon as each spike finishes its forward movement, it pulls itself into the Rocker arm back and remains retracted while rocker arm moves back up. At the beginning of the downward movement of the rocker arm, the mandrel then emerges from it again. the Operation is the same for each mandrel, except because of the different lengths of the mandrel crank arms and the relative position of the gears 28, 34, the stroke and the depth of penetration differ.

Therefore, the pairs of interacting vibrating spikes have the same frequency, but different amplitudes, d. H. Lifting heights and penetration depths. The mandrel 24 with the longer stroke has a lesser penetration depth than the mandrel 30 with the shorter stroke and runs at a phase angle of about 45 ° ahead. Both spikes advance the tobacco in the converging channel. But because of the different action of the mandrels, the mandrel 24 tries the tobacco with the long stroke on advance as the mandrel with the short stroke, with the result that the matted tobacco in axial Direction of the channel is pulled out by the mandrel 24 with the long stroke, whereas it is pulled from the Mandrel 30 is partially retained with the short stroke.

The tobacco is therefore not compressed at any station, but is drawn out in the same way how its cross-section is reduced.

The tips of the mandrels 24 and 30 therefore describe

the tracks shown in Figure 4, with the Stroke the lower stations close to the arched surfaces of the rocking levers on the opposite side.

As shown in FIG. 4, at each station of the converging canal, feed units are arranged in pairs on the respective opposite cables of the canal. At station I, four pairs are provided of feed units, while it is provided at station II, III, IV and VI respectively ₁ V 3, 3, 2, 2 and 1 pair of feed units. Likewise, the mandrels can be progressively shorter and of smaller diameter and perform a smaller stroke.

The crank wheels for actuating the mandrels in each station can be arranged in such a way that the The mandrels follow each other in the desired order. For example, the mandrels of station I engage in the Tobacco in, and as they begin to retreat, the spikes of Station II are still sliding always in front, followed one after the other by the thorns of the station !!!,! V, V and VI, with each group on a Sixth of the cycle is out of phase with the previous group. That way will gave the tobacco a more or less continuous movement.

The mandrels of each station move in a plane that is perpendicular to the mandrels of the neighboring stations. The drive speed of the mandrels of successive stations increases approximately in inverse proportion to the reduction in the cross section of the channel, so that a constant tobacco density is ensured. However, at the lower stations, the thorns move even faster. The cross-sections of the channel at the six stations of the illustrated embodiment are 238, 161, 77.5, 30.7. 193 and 9.7 cm ² . The rotation speed of successive groups of mandrels are typically 1, 3, 7, 22, 85 and 200 revolutions per minute.

In Fig. 4 it can be clearly seen that the rocker arms 19, 20 of a particular station constitute a converging zone A "at that station and that between these converging zones there are areas Y where the walls of the duct are essentially parallel. In these areas or buffer zones the shocks given to the tobacco by the mandrels are dampened and the low frequency shocks are prevented from propagating from the upper stations to the lower stations. In order to avoid any lateral friction within a buffer zone K, the walls of zone Y are opposite the point largest constriction directly above zone Y, set back all around by 635 mm If ei, also the aim of every feed station is to narrow the tobacco flow in a ratio of 2: 1 without compressing it, in practice there is a brief, slight compression of the tobacco. That would cause friction against the sidewalls and clogging if not left room for expansion e.

The waves 40 of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth stations are all operated by a motor 47 via an adjustable transmission 48, different Chains 49, sprockets 50 and angular gear 51 are driven. The angular gear 51 can by an articulated drive can be replaced, if desired dog clutches 52 finally connect the drive with the drive shafts 40.

The motor 47 and the gearbox 48 are fastened on a base frame 53 (FIG. 3) on which two subframes 54 and 54 'are articulated, which carry the feed groups 11', while the feed groups 11 are fastened on the base frame 53. The drive of the feed groups 11 'includes universal joints 56, by means of which the feed groups II' can be pivoted away from the converging duct in order to enable cleaning etc. All feed groups W of stations I, III and V are on a common sub-frame 54

ίο arranged while the feed groups 11 'of the Stations II, IV and VI are arranged on a common sub-frame 54 '. The base frame 53 and the sub-frames 54, 54 'are shown in FIGS. I and 2 not shown.

A short double belt conveyor can be connected to the six stations, as shown in FIG. 1 and 2 shown. This conveyor is formed by a pair of plates 55 parallel to each other, which are attached to Tape guides 57 that are also parallel to one another

2 <> ucfcSiigi. Are, the riäiicfi 53 and the guides 57 form an elongated channel of substantially square cross-section. The opposing inner surfaces of the guides support belts 58, each of which passes over rollers 59 attached to the ends of the guides 57 between the plates 55. The belt drive and tensioning devices (not shown) are attached to the outer surfaces of the guides.

Lu variable speed gearbox 48 can be controlled by control signals subsequent scales are controlled to feed a constant density tobacco to the volume dividing device refuses to receive. If necessary, it can be reduced or increased the density by disproportionately changing the

J5 speed can be achieved. This method will used to control the density of a stream of tobacco like a constant volume Distributor ^ equal space distributor ^ or one with constant Volume and pressure working distributor (constant space pressure distributor) is supplied. The feed through the machine can lead to a constant volume distributor followed by a weighing device or a Equal chamber pressure distributor with a cutting device, followed by a weighing device or to a

■ • 5 weighing conveyors or a weighing pan with a Cutting device take place. The tobacco then goes to a weight correction station, which makes the fine blanks received from the blank separator, then to the test balance, and finally to the

5 <> sorting unit to give the final product.

In practice it has been found that the stroke of the short stroke mandrel in the axial direction of the channel in the Compared to that of the long-stroke mandrel is preferably very short, whereas the depth of penetration of the mandrel into the Tobacco at right angles to the axis is the same for both mandrels

In order to achieve this short stroke but great penetration depth with the simple crank mechanism according to FIG. 5 and 6 To achieve, the gear 34 must be further removed from

Wi arranged on the gear 28 and the mandrel crank arm 31 be extended. This leads to a feed unit of unwieldy dimensions. This difficulty is determined by the explanations according to Fig.7. 8 and 9 overcome. After the execution in FIG. 7.8 and 9, in

*> 5 to which the same reference numbers have the same features according to the Referring to the embodiment described above, a feed unit IZ comprises a pair of spacer elements 16 separate plates 14 and

a faceplate 17 facing into the interior of the converging channel. The faceplate 17 encloses a pair of rocker arms or guide members 19, 20 which are pivotably arranged on a common axis 22 with curved surfaces pointing towards the canal. A mandrel 24 extends through the rocker arm 19 and is connected to an arm of a mandrel crank arm 25 is attached. The other end of the mandrel crank arm 25 is with a Crank pin 27 articulated on a gear 28. However, the mandrel crank arm 31 is the by the Rocker arm 20 extending dome 30 attached in a different way. The mandrel crank arm 31 i.'it of a Crank pin 60 of a planetary gear 61 held, which in turn with a crank pin 62 on a Gear 63 is attached.

The planetary gear 61 meshes with a ring gear 64, which has exactly twice the number of teeth, such as the planetary gear 61.

A drive shaft common to the feed group

40 enters the feed unit 12, a side plate 20 fung vcrursac

14 and carries a drive gear 65, v-elches with two gears 63 and 28 cooperates. In this way, the mandrel crank arm 31 supporting The crank pin 60 moves in an elliptical instead of a circular path, as a result of which the stroke of the dome 30 decreased.

It is found that when using the arrangement described above, the density of the individual quantities of 160 kg / m ³ leads to a product density of 192 kg / m ³

ίο leads. This means that the density remains essentially unchanged when one considers that the cross-section is reduced by 24 times (from 238 to 9.7 cm ² ).

A particular advantage of the oscillating mandrels compared to shovels or mandrel drums is that the mandrels clean themselves automatically when they are withdrawn and that there are no slots or holes in the completely closed converging channel where tobacco could accumulate, which then creates an obstruction

In addition 8 sheets of drawings

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1. Tobacco feeder - With a canal formed from a series of sections with in the foider direction and in Sequence of sections with decreasing cross-section, - As well as with a feed device for conveying the tobacco along the channel in Direction towards the end of the small cross-section, the thorn-like gripper of which during the in Direction of advance of the tobacco running part of their path of movement in the tobacco penetrate and take it with you,