DE2351425A1 - DEVICE FOR IMPROVING THE DISCHARGE CAPABILITY OF STATIONARY OR TRANSPORTABLE BOILERS CONTAINING LIQUID OR POWDERED OR GRANULATED MATERIALS - Google Patents

Description

Dipl.-Ing. H. MITSCHERLICH Ο —8 MUNICH 22 Dipl.-Ing. K. GUNSCMNiANN Steinsdorfstrasse 10

Γ » u \ Af wftCDC-U 'S" (089) · 29 68 84

Dr. rer. not. W. KOFrBEK

Dipl.-Ing. J. SCHMIDT-EVERS 2351425

PATENT LAWYERS

October 12, 1973

SE / me

Jose FERRIOL CATALA
Paseo Pechina, 33
Valencia, Spain)

Patent application

Device for improving the discharge capacity of stationary or transportable kettles, the liquid or powdered or granulated materials contain .

In recent years the construction of tankers, containers, silos or other facilities with boilers has increased greatly expanded. The boiler equipment can be arranged stationary or on tugs, wagons, Ships and other vehicles. Included the construction adapts more and more to the individual products and functions.

Among the mentioned special materials are also pulverized and granulated materials which come out of the boiler due to gravity or by pneumatic Pressure or both.

Pneumatic unloading uses a gas, usually Air is used, which is conveyed into the container by means of a compressor, a blower or a vacuum pump and there an overpressure or a negative pressure is generated. The overpressure or underpressure promotes the discharge of the. product. In addition, if necessary, the gas can be

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convert the product into an informal state in good time, which enables a discharge, in which the gas in the product infused into it and this is expanded as a result.

However, a problem with discharging kettles is that the pulverized or granulated materials have a natural angle of repose, depending on the material is more or less steep. Only if the angle of the boiler wall is steeper than the angle of the rubble to be emptied Material, a complete emptying of the boiler is guaranteed. The geometric shape of the kettle can be reminiscent of the Material to be adapted, for example in such a way that they the reduced angle of repose by a gas supply corresponds to the material which can be converted into the discharge state by the gas.

When the angle of the boiler wall in the vicinity of the discharge opening is steeper than the angle of repose of the product to be unloaded, boiler room is usually given away. If, on the other hand, the angle of the kettle wall is less than the angle of repose, part of the product remains in the Boiler; a complete discharge is not guaranteed. In both cases it is a dead space, the cannot be refilled by the product to be stored or transported. This is expressed by The relationship:

Payload
Total charge

The present invention is based on the object

to offer a simple and effective solution to this problem give.

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The object is achieved according to the invention by flexible membranes, which with their edges to enclose a inflatable cavity attached to the inner wall of the boiler and can be arched against the interior of the boiler by a pressure medium to be introduced into the cavity are in such a way that they have a funnel above the outlet! make opening.

j A practical embodiment of the invention can now * ! consist of a membrane with the corresponding

Part of the inner wall of the boiler to insert the cavity of the pressure medium forms.

Another embodiment can be that depending two membranes are combined like a pillow and enclose the cavity for introducing the pressure medium wherein the one membrane pressed against the inner wall of the boiler and the other arched against the interior of the boiler will.

The membranes are preferably impermeable to gases and liquids.

An expedient development can now consist in the fact that at least one of the impermeable membranes for a fluid, preferably a liquid permeable membrane is stretched, which with the impermeable membrane forms an inflatable chamber by introducing the fluid, the fluid passing through the permeable membrane enter through into the interior of the boiler and thereby the product contained in the boiler flowable or more flowable can make.

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Another possibility can be that instead of the impermeable membrane at least one membrane for the pressure medium is permeable and that the pressure medium which is introduced into the cavity enclosed by this membrane and the inner wall of the boiler, too acts as a fluid and is preferably a liquid, which fluid through the membrane into the Enter the interior of the boiler and thereby the product contained in the boiler flowable or flowable can make.

The impermeability of the membrane should not only refer to liquids, but also to the product, that is contained in the kettle and of course the gas that is used to inflate it.

The attachment of the membrane to the inner wall of the boiler is not the subject of the present invention. She must however, be such that a complete seal occurs, that is, the space between the flexible membrane and the inner wall of the boiler must be by introducing the pressure medium, which can be a liquid or a gas, be inflatable. The aforementioned funnel then becomes through the expansion or bulging of the corresponding membrane educated. The funnel forms an inclined surface, which can be conical or has some other shape. On the The goods to be unloaded slide down on the inclined surface and flow out of the outlet opening.

Embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the drawings.

Show it:

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1 and 2 show a schematic section through a boiler with a first embodiment of the device according to the invention;

3 and 4 show a schematic section through a boiler with a second embodiment of the invention Contraption;

5 shows a schematic partial section through a boiler with a third embodiment of the device according to the invention;

6 shows a schematic partial section through a boiler with a fourth embodiment of the device according to the invention.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, the boiler is denoted by the reference number 1. On the inside of the kettle are flexible Membrane 2 attached with its edges 3 in such a way that between the corresponding wall sections of the boiler 1 and the flexible membranes 2 a cavity is enclosed. This cavity is small if the kettle is equipped with a Product is full or empty.

With the reference number 5 is the outlet opening for the Designated product to be stored in the boiler 1.

The cavity 4 between the membranes 2 and the inner wall of the boiler 1 can by introducing a pressure medium be expanded. This is shown in FIG. The flexible membrane 2 arch against the interior of the boiler 1 and form a funnel which is conical downwards towards the outlet opening 5 and

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facilitates the outflow of the product from the boiler 1.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, there are two flexible membranes 6, 7 each attached with their edges 8 to the wall of the boiler 1. A cavity 9 is formed between the two membranes 6, 7. In Fig. 3 this cavity is small. 3 represents the filled or emptied state of the boiler 1.

The cavity 9 can be enlarged by introducing a pressure medium between the two membranes 6, 7. Included witfd the membrane 6 pressed against the inner wall of the boiler 1, while the membrane 7 against the interior of the Shell 1 bulges. The membrane 7 form convex surfaces which together result in a funnel through which the downward slide and outflow or. Failure of the product the outlet opening 5 is facilitated.

In FIGS. 1 to 4, the membranes 2, 6 and 7 are impermeable to gas and liquid.

In Fig. 5, a membrane 1o is shown, which with their Edges 12 is attached to the inner wall of the boiler. This membrane 1o is permeable to the pressure medium. Between the Diaphragm 1o and the inner wall of the boiler 1 is a Cavity. This can be expanded by introducing the pressure medium. As a result, the membrane 1o bulges in front of and promotes the escape of the product contained in the boiler 1. In this case, the pressure medium is also the flow medium. It passes through the porous membrane 1 ο and makes the product contained in the boiler 1 is flowable or more flowable.

In Fig. 6 is an impermeable membrane 13 and above this a permeable membrane 15 stretched. The membrane 13 and are attached with their edges 14 to the wall of the boiler.

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Between the membrane 13 and the boiler wall there is a cavity 16 formed. A cavity 17 is located between the two membranes 13 and 15. In the two cavities 16, 17 is introduced a pressure medium. The pressure medium in the cavity 17, which also acts as a flow medium, can pass through the Membrane 15 pass through into the interior of the boiler and thereby the product flowable or more flowable do.

The invention applies to any type of container containing non-rigid products, such as powdered ones or granulated products, liquids or oasis * The containers can be stationary or transportable. the Unloading from these containers can be done in the following ways?

1) by gravity;

2) by gravity with promotion of fluidity?

3) pneumatically through negative pressure or positive pressure with and without promotion of the flowability _p °

4) by means of screw conveyors, special pumps or others Conveyors.

The following should be understood by promoting flowability: On the one hand, it is possible to use that contained in the boiler To dissolve the product by adding liquid or, if it is already liquid, to dilute it; however, it is also possible for special products to make them more fine-grained and more slippery by adding gas do.

The advantages are:

1) a good use of space in the boiler, which is practically 100%; ■

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2) a lower dead load on the boiler because the flexible ones Membranes are usually very light; they are inflated only by the pressure medium and not by rigid conventional support elements supported .;

3) the possibility of promoting the closing ability, in particular the liquefaction, without installing it expensive facilities suitable for this purpose;

4) easy production of the funnel angle corresponding to the product to be unloaded with the flexible membranes.

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Claims (6)

2351428 -9- claims " 1) ^ Device for improving discharge capability of stationary or transportable kettles containing liquid or powdered or granulated products and are provided with an outlet at the bottom, characterized by flexible membrane (2,6,7,10,13 ^ 5), which with their edges (3,8,12,14) to include an inflatable cavity (4,9,11,16,1.7) on the inner wall of the boiler attached and inserted into the cavity by a. Pressure medium can be protruded against the interior of the boiler (1) are such that they form a funnel above the outlet opening (5). 2) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that each one membrane (2,1o, 13) with the corresponding part the inner wall of the boiler (1) the cavity for insertion of the pressure medium forms (Fig. 1,2,5,6). 3) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that • that two diaphragms (6,7) are combined in a pillow-like manner and enclose the cavity (9.) for introducing the pressure medium, one membrane (6) being pressed against the inner wall of the boiler (1) and the other against the interior of the boiler (1) is bulging. (Fig. 3, 4) 4) Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the membrane (2,6,7,13) for the pressure medium and the one in the boiler (1) Material are impermeable. 4098 17/037 -1ο- 5) Device according to claim 4, characterized in that that over one (13) of the impermeable membrane one for a fluid, preferably a liquid-permeable membrane (15) is stretched, which with the impermeable The membrane (13) forms a chamber (17) which can be inflated by the introduction of the fluid, the fluid through the permeable membrane (15) through into the interior of the Kesyels (1) enter and thereby that contained in the boiler (1) Can make the product flowable or more flowable. (Fig. 6) 6) Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one membrane (Ίο) is permeable to the pressure medium is and that the pressure medium, which is enclosed by this membrane and the inner wall of the boiler (1) Cavity (11) at the same time is also a fluid, preferably a liquid, which fluid through the Enter through the membrane into the interior of the boiler (1) and thereby the product contained in the boiler (1) ' can make flowable or flowable (Fig. 5). 409817/0378