DE2349177A1 - VEHICLE STEERING - Google Patents

Description

DIPL-ING. HANS W. SCHÖNING 200c HAMBURG 1 ⁴ «λ

PATENT ADVERTISER Mönckebergstrasse 31

(at Rathausmarkt} Telephone (0411) 33 80 85

Ransomes Sims & Jefferies Ltd.

Nacton Works

Ipswich, Suffolk / England Attorney's File: 3254

Vehicle steering

The invention "relates to vehicle steering for two Wheels of an industrial vehicle »

For industrial vehicles such as forklifts and the like., a steering is required with which the Vehicle is maximally steerable and can run over a very small turning circle.

through this
The steering system according to the invention Iet ^ gekennze lohnet »that the vehicle wheels, which are pivotable about vertical axes, -which are connected via a tie rod system, the levers mounted on the axle housing, rotatable about vertical axes and two complementary reduction gears, one of which gear part is coaxial with the lever rotates while the other gear part engages the vertical wheel axle assigned to it,

409815/0868

ACCOUNTS ·. DRESDNER BAKK. ACCOUNT 5807955 - POST CHECK HmMBURG 1985 23

and that the levers are connected via handlebars ao that sieve by rotating the levers around their associated axes a different rotation of the vertical Radauf -nängeachsen results, so that the vehicle wheels in such a way be rotated differently that when pivoting the lever from a position in which the vehicle radar stand parallel, the center of the circle of rotation of the two wheels comes to lie on a line that is at a distance runs parallel to a line passing through the vertical axes of the two wheels, and furthermore the rotation of the levers via the reduction gears causes the Hader to pivot over an angle, which is greater than the pivot angle of the lever.

The two complementary reduction gears are preferably gear drives, one of which is a part of the transmission is a gear quadrant that has a radius twice ao as the gear with which it is in singular engagement,

Sin another feature of the invention is aimed at the fact that the tie rod system is a pivotable on the axle housing with a vertical axis mounted handlebar, on the one hand with the steering lever of a wheel and on the other hand is articulated via a tie rod with the steering lever of the other wheel.

Further details and features of the invention result see the detailed description below and the "accompanying drawings, in which a preferred Exemplary embodiment of the invention is illustrated.

In the drawings show:

yig. 1 is a plan view of a device according to the invention

Vehicle steering for a pair of wheels of an industrial vehicle, beiepielewelae of a lifting vehicle,

? ig. 2 shows a partially sectioned side view of the steering system according to S ¹ Ig. 1 and

SIg. 5

a-c echematic top views of a vehicle

to explain the wheel positions in various Xienkau situations

The steering shown in the drawings enables the steering of the wheels of a lift truck over a minimum steering angle of 180 °.

For steering an axle housing 1 made of iron or cast iron from a welded construction, which is

409815/0868

valley bearing pin 2, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, can pivot. Between the Axle housing 1 and bearing journal £ are not located flexible rubber mounts shown. The pin 2 is feet connected to the chassis frame. At the ends of the axle housing 1, with forks 4, those at the upper end are old vertical axes 9 are mounted in tapered roller bearings 5 and 6, two vehicle wheels 3 are suspended. The camp 5 is located in a lower recess of the axle housing and the bearing 6 coaxial thereto in a screwed-on cover 7 of the axle housing.

Between the legs 5 and 6 there is a pinion 10 ₉ which is fastened on the axle 9 with a shaft wedge 11. To clamp the pinion 10 between the bearings 5 and 6, a washer 12, two countered nuts 13 and a screw lock 14 are used to keep dirt and foreign matter away from the bearings 5 and 6. overlaps »

The tickle 10 is driven by a gn & sciuadrant 16, the axis 17 of which is mounted at a fixed distance parallel to the axis 9 of the bath fork «Bm? Satellite quadrant 16 and its axis 17 rested between coaxial bearings 18 which

-09015/0868

are arranged in the axle housing t and or in the cover 7 on opposite sides of the gear quadrant 16. The upper bearing 18 is held in the axle housing 1 with a ring 19 which is fastened to the axle housing 1 with screws 20 and screw caps 21 »Sin 0-RiBg 22 Or the like. Rests in a groove of the ring 19 and prevents lubricant from being lost and dirt in the bearings 18 or also into the bearings 5 and 6 can penetrate.

The upper ropes of the axles 17 protrude over the ring 19 and carry a wiscben lever 23 for the right wheel and a track rod 57 for the left wheel. The levers 23 and 37 are fixed with a wall wedge 24 so that they cannot rotate Axle 17 fastened with a nut 25 and a lock washer 26.

The lever 23 (but not the lever 37) is stepped formed with steps 27 and 29, wherein the upper step 29 carries a Eulissenetein 28, the axially parallel sur Axis 17 rotatable let.

Of the. Eulissenstein 28 engages in a backdrop in Foaa one curved slot 30, which is at an angular

409815/0868

Tie rod lever 31 is provided. The lever 31 is rotatably mounted on the axle housing 1 with a vertical bearing pin 32. The axis of the pin 32 and the lever 23 lie on a line that extends in the transverse direction at a distance parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. The lever 31 is secured with a snap ring 33 · Attached to the lever 31 is at a point a little further from the bearing pin 32 is removed as the cement of the Kulisseneteinee 28 when this is at the end of the slot 30 is located, a tie rod 34 connected to a bearing pin 35 and secured with a snap ring 36 Das removed from lever 31 © Bands of tie rod 34 is articulated old lever 3? connected to the steering of the left vehicle wheel.

The connecting rod 40 is connected to the step 27 of the lever 23 with a universal joint 38 and the output shaft of the steering gear is connected to the angle lever 41. The universal joint 38 let about a vertical axis rotatably connected to the step 27 with a safety nut 39. The vertical pivot of the joint 38 lies at a distance laterally next to the axis of the Kuliasenstelnee 26 on the side remote from the axis 17 * The Aohse 17 "the sliding block 28 and the universal joint 38 are located in the same vertical plane.

408815/0868

If you want to steer the wheels 3 to the right, turn the steering wheel so that the connecting rod 40 after left pulls. As a result, the levers 23 and 3? in t-year Rotated in the correct direction, so that the wheels 3 swivel in counterclockwise direction. The lever 31 moves the lever via the track rod 34 due to the gate arrangement 37 to a lesser extent the lever 23 eo that the right one Had the left bath turned over a larger angle and the vehicle swings to the right. When swiveling the lever 23 in the clockwise direction, the Eullssenstein is 28 strives to move along the slot 30 au, to allow the arm 37 to pivot less with the lever 31 to convey as if the axis of the sliding block 28 would be firmly attached to the lever 31. As a result, when turning to the right, the left vehicle wheel is over rotated a smaller angular path than the right vehicle wheel

To turn the vehicle steering to the left, actuated the driver turns the steering wheel so that the connecting rod 40 pulls to the right. This causes the levers 23 to move and 37 in the counterclockwise direction, but the Kulieeenstein 28 ensures that the lever 37 moves over a larger one Angle moves as the lever 23 ο This way that

40981 5/0868

left Eahraeugrad rotated by a larger angle in Uhraeigerriehtung than the right vehicle wheel, 00 that the vehicle is steered near left. The gear quadrant 16 and the tool 10 form © in Lankuntersetssungsgetriebe, by the 3ie Seebung Ser fateetigrädti * becomes larger than the rotation of the suggested levers 23 or 37 o With the steering shown, the * radius of the gear quadrant 16 is twice as large as the Sea Ritssels 10 , so that over the full steering wheel path where> the left stop bia to the right stop thin the linfluS äes lever 31 and the link arrangement 28,30 yes the bath moves over an angle that is slightly greater than 180 °.

When the depression is operated, there are "flee bath positions as shown in FIGS. 3a to 3e and in particular in Pig" 5b and 3c ". In these figures you can see the steerable SabanseugrSaer 5 at ie & Piaakten B and 0. The center points of the circle "A for the baths B and C are on lines which run perpendicular to the vertical axes of rotation of the wheels B v: && ö" Pig. 3a shows the wheels A and B at Oeraäeauefaiirt * in which case the point A ssu an infinite Mnie is that the vertical axes of the wheels B and C verfeiaSet "In AE® & Pig. 3b and 3o is the turning circle centerpuml ^ A on a line that is in one

ö 9 8 1 ^r :. ' 0 8 6 8

fixed distance parallel to a line that runs durota passes the vertical axes of rotation of wheels B and C · Pig. 3c shows the full steering angle and the fig · 3h an intermediate value of the possible steering angle a.

The steering explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 brings in a considerable steerable area, practically almost in the entire steerable area of the vehicle the center of the turning circle A on a line spaced parallel to a line passing through the vertical axes of the steering wheels “Such a steering geometry results in the desired steerability. It should also be mentioned that the line on which the circle center point A is at full and partial steering angle, b © i the described Embodiment with the other base of the vehicle collapses. However, it can also be larger or smaller distances can be selected »

409315/0868

Claims (1)

- 10 ~
Claims · / Vehicle steering for two bathrooms of an industrial vehicle, characterized in that the ahrzeugrfider (3) can be pivoted about vertical axes (9), which are connected via a track tangential system, which is mounted on the Aohegehäuae (1) »rotatable about tertiary axes (17) Lever (23 »37) and swei templeiaantäre 'reduction gears (10,16) contain5 of which aex one (gear part (16) coaxially with the Hsbel (23,37) rotates, while the aa & are ßetrisbeteil (10) on the TerticalTi Badaobse arranged on it (9) angriBift, and that the levers (23,37) Iföex * handler (34 31,30,38 ₉₎ are rerbianden so ÖAS me vm Ir2I Drebuog 3p lever (23,37) their eye impaired Aefesen (17) © ine different rotation of the vertical Isdanfhäiigeaohaen (9) results in "so that the Stohrzeugrääer (3) are oassrt laitersohiedlioh so that when pivoting the lever (23,37) from a stable _t in -3er the vehicle wheels are parallel, the Iteehkrels &ittelpunlri; (A) to lie on both wheels on the elnex line an koiaai ;, which runs at a distance pß3? al-IeI to -a mnIe, which goes diarchically the vertical axes (9) of the wicked wheels (3), and (also leave the rotation ύ & ν lever (2! J, 37) over the 315 / uaee eeteungagetriebe (10.16) a pivoting egg strife (3) over an angle causes »greater than 3's Sohwenkwinkel the lever (23.3?) Is. 2 · Vehicle steering according to claim 1 _S Sadurefc gek ^ mnaelohnet, because the two complementary Uste ^ sötsiisgegetriebe are gear drives (10, 16). 3 * ffahreeuglenkung according to claim Z, 6aäarc & gäkmnmet ehnet, which is a 2S @ hnradcp @ drant (16) of a gear part which is twice as gr @ £ EIA ZM & mb Mat as the gear (10) with which it reached in Bi ^ stands, 4 »Vehicle steering system according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the Spuretangensyetem a pivotable on the axle housing (1) with vertical axis (32) mounted link (31), which on the one hand with the X lever (23) of one wheel (3) and on the other hand articulated via a tie rod (34) with the steering pin (37) See the other Hades (3) is connected. 3. Vehicle steering system according to claim 4-, characterized in that “sswischen the handlebar (31) and the one steering lever (23) an Eulissenführung (28,30) is provided. 4098T5 / 0868 According to claim 1 _S characterized * öass the Mnie on which the turning circle center (A) of the vehicle wheels (?) lies xmä which extends parallel on a line _P <3ie the vertical axes (9) of the Fahrseiagrädöz: (3) ^v / erT3inäet _? ^ on the latter a distance liat _f the approximately the Hadstanö dea vehicle
equals 981 5/0868