DE23465C - Method of treating fatty substances in order to break them down - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

CLASS 23: Fat Industry.

Patent addition to No. 23464 of June 3, 1882.

Patented in the German Empire on June 30, 1882. Longest duration: June 2nd i8g7.

My improvements extend to those used to apply the procedure Apparatus. The modified apparatus is horizontal; it enables the use of a lower one Excitement and savings in heating and working time.

This apparatus can also be used advantageously to pass stearic acid through. To produce saponification, in which case only _1/2 pCt. Alkalis and _1/2 pCt. Needs to use acids for reboiling. The two operations, pre-boiling and post-boiling, are carried out one after the other in the same apparatus and only require a pressure of 3 to 5 atmospheres and a working time of at most 6 hours.

In the drawing represents:

Fig. Ι a longitudinal section and

Fig. 2 shows a cross section of the apparatus.

The fats to be treated are filled into the boiler A , which is traversed along its entire length by a perforated plate B and penetrates a hollow shaft C at its ends, which at the same time supports the boiler and serves to supply the steam.

After the apparatus has been filled, it is given a continuous rotating movement by the gear wheels DE and the pulleys FG.

The boiler A is surrounded by a solid jacket H , which absorbs the water which, supplied through pipes //, sprinkles the boiler along its entire length at a certain point in time. The tubes / unite at the shut-off valve J and convey the A water coming from a reservoir K to.

After the kettle is filled, the apparatus is heated by a heavy oil heating system. The heavy oils come from the reservoir L through the tube M, the end of which in front of the wall of the boiler A takes on the shape of a burner. In order to bring about the combustion, air is blown in through the pipe N in the direction of the arrow, which enters together with the heavy oils. The combustion products escape through a chimney O.

The boiler A is filled through a manhole P , to which access is gained by means of the counterweights Q, FIG. 2, after removing the connection O ^1.

The shaft C is hollow at its ends; the steam enters one cavity in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1, flows into the boiler and from there through the other cavity to the manometer. For complete sealing, the shaft C goes through stuffing boxes at both ends.

Transformation of fatty substances into fatty acids and glycerine.

The substances are used in the following proportions:

Sebum. . 4000 parts,

Water 1,000

Burnt carbonic magnesia 10

5 ο 10 parts.

The water is boiled, and as soon as it has reached 100 ° C., the magnesia is added

so as to produce a milky mixture which is poured into the kettle. The fat is then melted and poured into the apparatus through the manhole P. Then you slept the manhole and the apparatus heated from without for 6 hours at 150 ⁰ C, by obtaining it in constant rotation, wherein the perforated plate B causes mixing. The heating is now stopped and a rain of cold water is allowed to fall on the apparatus, which is still rotating, until a vacuum has been created and the temperature of the contents in the apparatus has been brought to a minimum of 50 ^° C .; this can take half an hour. The process is now over, ie the chemical breakdown of the sebum into stearin, olein and glycerin is effected.

The apparatus is then emptied onto the surface by means of steam pressure, the contents escaping through the inner inclined tube R and a tube screwed to this outside.

For this purpose, an opening is made in the jacket H , which is closed by the cover 5. The emptying can also be effected downwards through the opening closed by means of the cover T. In this case the mass runs out of the apparatus under its own weight.

This mass is in tin-plate vessels from a content of approx. 25 kg, in which you let it cool down. the three products are on top of each other according to their weight: glycerin, stearin and Olein; the acids alone in a solid state.

Then melting them, stearin shall continue with the olein and once by means of steam which is introduced into the mass, are brought to the liquid state, add one thousandth of the mass of oxalic acid and ₁₀ Y of the mass of water. The whole thing is then stirred by means of steam for about 15 minutes. In order to remove the acid and the coloring matter, I add the weight of water to the mass, stir with steam for 15 minutes, let rest for about one minute, and remove the stearin with the olein, which I add again with the weight of water by means of the wash the agitation produced by the free steam. Then I withdraw again in molds of about 25 kg, which are in a ^{room heated to 45 to 50 °} C., until the grain of the stearin takes place. I now use the hydraulic press in the usual way to separate the olein. The stearic mass is melted with the addition of its weight of water and stirred by means of free steam for 15 minutes in order to whiten and discolor it more completely.

Claims (1)

Patent claim: The arrangement of a rotating around a horizontal axis pierced at its ends Kettle with a perforated partition, which is covered by a hood, into the Above a double-branch cold water pipe and on both sides the burners for heating of the boiler are inserted, and its manhole through a surrounding the chimney, Up and down movable cathedral is accessible. Furthermore, the boiler is equipped with an inclined, Pipes leading to an upper opening and a lower drain opening provided. 1 sheet of drawings.