DE2333853A1 - Anti-aquaplaning device for motor vehicles - consists of aerodynamic deflector in front of each wheel to displace water - Google Patents

Abstract

The aerodynamic deflector consists of a flat plate mounted on a flexible neck in front of each wheel, so that if the plate strikes the ground the neck deforms allowing the plate to ride over the obstacle. The plate directs a concentrated stream of air onto the road surface just in front of the contact patch of the tyre; the air stream physically displaces surface water lying on the road, producing a comparatively dry rolling path for the wheel.

Description

Anti-aquaplaning device

The invention relates to an anti-aquaplaning device.

Aquaplaning has become a common cause of accidents, because the motor vehicles drive at ever higher speeds, especially on the highways. This danger starts at a speed of around 70 km / h .; sometimes even earlier and naturally hangs on the vehicle type, the tires and so on.

The tire industry wants to counter this by creating so-called rain tires. Tires of this type bring a certain advantage, but the water accumulation in front of the tire (BugvelLe) is sometimes so large that the corresponding Partly transverse grooves that cannot divert the water masses.

The object of the invention is to keep the water on the road in front of the wheel, especially the front wheels, as possible completely but at least partially to displace or, in the case of very strong water layers, to reduce their height.

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The task at hand is solved by one on the vehicle (Car) so arranged "area" that compresses the airstream (concentrates larger air masses) and in front of the Steers the tire (i.e. in the direction of the tire's track) onto the road.

The term "area" was chosen and is intended to be used in the invention mean that every type of surface is meant (flat, curved, semicircular, circular, etc.); but it should this also includes hollow bodies, for example funnels, cylinders, hollow bodies in the shape of a pot, or a tub etc. It should therefore be emphasized that the term "area" is all-encompassing and has only been chosen to not to complicate the registration documents.

It has been shown that the measure according to the invention already pushes the water to the side at a distance in front of the tire, even water heights of 1 cm, so that the road is only damp and the vehicle can no longer "swim ¹¹ ".

It is part of the invention that the distance between this "surface" must be chosen so that the water is displaced in time. It is also part of the invention that at least such an "area" is assigned to each front wheel

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is, whereby you can also connect several "surfaces ^{11 one} behind the other to the effect caused by the first" surface "

Maintain, improve or water displacement to widen the strips of water displacement.

The "area" can have any suitable shape, i.e. it can - seen in cross section - e.g. be convex (e.g. concave) or part circular; V, U, T shapes are possible. Combinations of the aforementioned forms are also conceivable.

Viewed in the axial direction, the surface can be rectilinear, arched, curved, partially circular or otherwise suitably shaped e.g. also like an integral or straight or curved and then bends at the top and / or bottom Have end area, etc.

The edge of the "surface" pointing towards the ground can run in a straight line or be convex or concave; it can also be serrated (any form of serration and any spacing). The edge - seen in the transverse direction - can in turn have any shape, i.e. it can be rounded, tapered to a point, angled are provided or have a combination, for example angled and rounded or angled and tapering, etc.

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(= Airflow) In particular, where the airflow hits, you can Ribs of any number, any height, any direction, but also corrugations. the "Surface" can have openings that can be closed. The breakthroughs are closed when Water is to be displaced. If the road is dry, the openings would be opened. That can open and close automatically, i.e. controllable from the vehicle inside and outside. Means are known per se for this purpose applicable.

If die'Fläche ^{11 is} not incorporated in the vehicle, for example in the fender, on the bumper or at another suitable point, it can be attached with a bracket, the bracket being screwed to any suitable point, e.g. on the bumper, on the fender etc.

You can also assign a fault line (of course several) to the "area". This could be done for safety reasons, in the event that a "surface ¹¹ comes loose and comes in front of the wheel or the holder bends, etc., so that the" surface "then does not represent an obstacle.

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An edge reinforcement (also several) and use them as air guiding means or Use air lock.

The "surface" can be provided so that it can be folded and / or tilted, e.g. to the front, to the side to the rear, etc. Also twist the "surface" in order to reduce the driving resistance if the "surface" does not fulfill its function needs.

An essential feature of the invention can be seen in the fact that that the air ducting system already present in the motor vehicle is used, e.g. the heating system. Man all you need to do is connect a pipe of any type (hose, flexible pipe, etc.) and add this to it Let the air duct end in front of the wheel. Inside you bring an air changeover flap, i.e. you need it the airstream to remove the water, the air is diverted or when the system is not required for this / one is heated again or can / can also choose middle positions.

In a particular embodiment, one uses one Funnel, at the other end of which an air outlet opening is provided. This air outlet opening can e.g.

have the shape of a nozzle or a wide 409884/0174

Slot; it can be round, oval, rectangular or polygonal. A pipe can be placed between the funnel and the nozzle, Provide a hose, a flexible pipe or the like, in order to be able to attach the funnel in a suitable manner, for example underneath the radiator, in the trunk and possibly even in the rear area and then the air afterwards lead in front. All variants are conceivable.

Further details of the invention emerge from the drawing and description, namely shows:

Fig. 1 shows the arrangement of the invention on a front wheel of the car ¹ S,

Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of the invention, and although here the "surface" is inserted in the front fender,

3 shows some forms of the "surface" seen in their axial direction,

4 shows in principle the effect of the "surface" according to the invention,

Fig. 5 to 11 different forms of the "surface", Fig. 12 edge views,

Fig. 13 edge cross-sections,

14 shows some "surfaces" and

15 shows a "surface" as a funnel with a hose and an outlet opening.

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16 shows a further possible form of a "surface" (perspective),

17 shows the arrangement of a further composite in a plan view Area,

FIG. 18 also shows the arrangement of a composite surface, but with a different shape than in accordance with FIG. 17,

Fig. 19 shows the possibility of a sheet metal on the front of the carriage, which directs the air sideways in the direction of the arrow, with the air then is deflected down onto the roadway at the actual "surface".

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In Fig. 1, the "surface" 1a can be seen; it is with a holder 2, for example a pipe, a rod, a sheet metal, a U-iron, a T-iron, etc. can be attached to the fender 3. The attachment could also be on at another point, for example on the bumper, and can be elastic or partially elastic.

The shape of the "area" is chosen so that an "air jam" arises, which is directed downwards onto the street.

The principle of a "surface" built into the front fender can be seen in FIG. The "area" 1b is sufficient In the example shown, from the bumper to just before the lane 5. The inner edge 4 of the bulge is indicated the "area" 1b.

Of course, each "area" can also start further up if a correspondingly large air congestion is required (a large amount of air) or a large air pressure.

Fig. 3 shows some views in the sub-figures I-IV a "surface" in the direction of the axis. Of course, other shapes can also be conceivable. The embodiment IV shows two "surfaces" that can be connected to each other (see dashed line); of course you can too

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be provided individually on the fender or in the fender. The arrows indicate that an air stream initially strikes the roadway 5, for example in the central area and the water is displaced and then an even wider stream of air, widening the anhydrous Causes surface on the roadway.

The principle of the effect can be seen in FIG. The "area" 1c is shown and indicated schematically is the inside edge 6.

The arrows represent the air flow and depending on the shape of the "surface" or its ribs or curvature of the "surface" However, a correspondingly wider strip 8 can also be achieved on the outside, i.e. here is the water 7 displaced and the tire finds a water-free road surface 5 that is only damp.

In Fig. 5, a holder 2 of any shape is indicated. The "face" 1d may have a break line 21; however, this break line can also be at the base of the bracket 2 may be provided. In addition, openings - here slots 9 - can be seen. A multitude of such slots causes practically no unnecessary drag arises. If the slots 9 are closed, - with on

known means from inside the vehicle from 409884/0174

then the "surface" 1d is fully functional.

Fig. 6 shows a view from above. The “surface” shown here has a curved cross-sectional shape 11. Ribs can be seen.

Fig. 7 shows an "area" le with a plurality of Ribs 12, which are placed so that the roadway in the desired width experiences an air pressure and displaces the water. The edge facing the road is concave. You can of course also curve it convexly and so achieve that the air flow initially has the Pushes water to the side, which otherwise hits the tread in the middle and eliminates the water then continued laterally.

The 'surface "if according to FIG. 8 shows ribs 12, which in Converge towards the roadway. The edge 20 facing the ground can in turn be slightly curved (of course also stronger) or in a straight line.

Fig. 9 differs from Fig. 6 in principle in that edge reinforcements 14 are provided, which at the same time serve to direct the air. A strong edge reinforcement 15 (wall) can be used on both or one side

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to be appropriate. Incidentally, the ribs do not need all of them to be equal. They can also be of different shapes, etc.

In FIG. 10, a "surface" 1h can be seen which is in the shape of a circular arc. V-shape shows the "surface" 1J according to FIG. 11. In this case (of course it need not be) an angled rib 16 (or a wall) is provided.

In Fig. 12 it is shown that the edge 20 can also be jagged or has any other suitable shape, to let the air flow onto the roadway in such a way that the desired result occurs.

Different edges 20 with the cross-sectional shapes I-IV are shown in FIG. 13. These edge shapes are natural not reproduced exhaustively. Any other cross-sectional shape is conceivable.

Fig. 14 shows some forms of "surfaces" that are conceivable. In the case of "area" I, the air would hit particularly intensely in the middle area of the roadway on which the tire is traveling. Illustration III shows two nested "surfaces" which can be connected to one another (dashed lines). In the end areas there are bends to the outside to add 409884/0174

to be able to hold larger amounts of air. The distance of the nested "surfaces" can be arbitrarily suitable. You can also nest more than two "surfaces", Attach individually (i.e. do not connect to each other).

In Fig. 15 a funnel 17 (trumpet) is shown. the dashed lines show that a larger opening is conceivable. At the end there is an opening of any shape 18 provided, expediently a nozzle or other cross-sectional shape. Between the opening 18 and the trumpet 17 an intermediate pipe 19 (also hose, flexible pipe, etc.) is attached. One can use the trumpet according to Fig. 15 also assign a fan. In principle, a fan is also attached to every other "Area" conceivable by attaching a fan at a distance in front of the "area" (e.g. under the engine hood) and a pipe leads in front of the "surface".

The "area" of Fig. 16 shows a square shape (the Corners can of course be rounded and the edges pointing outwards can be slanted towards the outside, to "capture" more air) and initially has a collecting surface 21, which is flat but also curved can. The side walls 22 can be sloped outwards.

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represents its or also (not shown) have inclined edges. The air is caught in the Inside and is now directed in the direction of the arrow onto the road. The walls 22 form with the inclined Rear wall 23 and the cover 24 (provided at the front between the walls 22) a kind of funnel, so that the Air jam is clearly directed in the desired direction. The cover 24 is not mandatory; she can go higher or be less high.

The outlet slot 25 can be as wide or narrow as desired. In other words, the walls 22 can be towards one another also diverge or converge. In addition, the edge of the wall 23 can continue over the lower edge of the wall 24 pulled down and possibly angled backwards (an arc-shaped transition is also conceivable).

Multiple rows of "U-shaped surfaces" shows Fig. 17. The middle "area" can be further before or also be set back or can have the same height as the lateral "surfaces". As if by dashed Lines indicated, the walls can converge towards the direction of travel (diverge accordingly).

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Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 18. This corresponds to in the principle of FIG. 17 and can also have the features shown there. Used only one here semicircular shape (semicircular shape also possible). The transitions at the joint of the individual "surfaces" do not have to be be sharp-edged. You can also choose curved or flat transitions or the individual "surfaces" can also be attached at a distance from one another.

It should also be mentioned and belongs to the invention that for fastening the "surfaces", be it in new vehicles or subsequently, already existing bores (holes) can be used. For example, it is thought to use the mounting holes of the bracket for the bumper, but also the holes for this serve to attach the fenders to the actual vehicle main frame. In the same way, you can drill the Use the tow hook or attach clamps to the tow hook to lock the "surfaces" in place. this applies also analogously for the brackets or arrangements of the headlights, auxiliary lamps, the horn, etc.

It should also be mentioned that this device can also be advantageous in snowfall. In particular is about it thought to let these "areas" become active when there is a light snowfall, which is well known is particularly unsympathetic.

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In such cases it can even be interesting to heat the "surfaces".

It is also part of the invention that the "surfaces" and can be pulled out or folded away or that the "surfaces" can also be resiliently attached. As already explained, the "surfaces" can be rotated, folded away or tilted. Moving in and out can take place with known control means, namely mechanically or motor-driven or hydraulically, namely from Inside the car can be controlled.

For example, it is conceivable to provide a guide in the fender and to retract the "surface", for example by turning a gear that engages in a rack, this rack on a or both edges of the "surface" is attached. The folding away or rotation can be carried out accordingly are, for example, by a gear, which in turn meshes with another gear, the latter on the "Surface" is mounted.

But you can also spring-loaded the "surface" and attach a counter-pull (Bowden cable) to counteract to reach the feathers. The spring can, for example, endeavor to displace the "surface" in the working position

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bring, while the Bowden cable is effective when pulled in the opposite direction and the force of the spring so that it cancels, i.e. the "surface" is "raised" again. Tilting, twisting, etc. can take place analogously. Ilechanic remedies of this type are common to many others Purposes so well known that a simple solution can be carried out cheaply.

In this connection, reference is made once again to FIG. 4. For example, where the note could be 4 is attached, a guide (dashed line) should be attached to guide the "surface" therein. In this In this case, the fender does not even need to be pulled down as far as shown.

Another embodiment is shown in FIG. Below the grille or bumper (can also be made in one piece with the body) is a Sheet 26 shown. This plate 26 can (seen in cross section) run straight or curved and should the Guide air in the direction of the arrow to the actual "surface" 27. In the example shown, the “surface” has 27 only arch shape, also traps air and directs the air in the direction of the arrow down onto the Roadway. The schematic representation shown here can be modified in many ways. So the sheet 26

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For example, be pulled forward along the edge and covered with rubber (e.g. have a U-shape). That Sheet metal can also be designed as a bumper at the same time.

The "surface ¹¹ 27 should have a protruding edge on the outer area to catch the air or several ribs staggered in height can be provided, for example (see the dash-dotted lines) the ribs furthest inwards a lower height than that (the third rib so) protrude medium and the rib outer most. this results in the desired air deflection, of course, the ribs may also be arcuate (see the dot-dash line next to the sheet), these dot-dash line at the same time a possible cross-sectional shape from Sheet metal 26 and / or sheet metal 26 and "surface" 27. Compared to the outermost rib indicated, the edge lying completely on the outside would then be pulled forward even further, for example also in the form of an arch.

A similar effect could still be achieved if the "surface" 27 is designed to be wave-shaped (the waves then replace the 'ribs, so to speak, which would be cheaper in terms of production because of the simple embossing).

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• ο ·

It should be pointed out again that it is important to have as much air as possible in front of the running surfaces of the wheels to get, for which all known air guiding and fluids can be used, in particular, of course, also in combination.

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Claims (30)

Claims . jAnti-aquaplaning device, characterized by at least one "area" arranged on the vehicle (passenger car) per wheel, in particular each front wheel, which directs the airstream in front of the front wheel and, if necessary, compresses it (larger Air volume concentrated). 2. Anti-aquaplaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the "face" is of any suitable shape, e.g., domed (concave e.g.), is part-circular in cross-section, is V-, U-, T-shaped, etc. 3. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the "surface" is curved in the axial direction in a straight line, arcuate, part-circular or is otherwise suitably shaped, e.g. like an integral symbol or straight or curved and then with a Turn in the upper and / or lower end area etc. * onto the roadway 409884/0174 4. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that the edge (20) pointing towards the floor is curved in a straight line or concave or convex is or is jagged, etc. 5. Anti-aquaplaning device according to claim 4, characterized in that the edge (20), seen in cross section, is rounded, pointed, angled or like. is. 6. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized by ribs (12) of any number, any height, any direction or marked by corrugations or the like. 7. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized by closable openings (9). 8. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of of the previous claims, characterized by elastic (resilient) brackets (2). 409884/0174 9. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that at least one break line (21) is provided. 10. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of of the previous claims, characterized in that the edge has at least one edge reinforcement (13/14) which acts as an air guide means is trained. 11. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that the "surface" can be folded and / or tilted or rotated. 12. Anti-aquaplaning device in particular according to claim 1 , characterized in that the air duct system for heating is used by a discharge (Pipe, hose, etc.) is guided in front of the wheels and has a corresponding opening (nozzle or the like.). 409884/0174 13. Anti-aquaplaning device in particular according to claim 1 , characterized by a funnel (17), at the other end of which an air outlet opening (18) is provided is (e.g. in the form of a nozzle, a wide flat slot, round, oval, rectangular or polygonal etc.), between the funnel (17) and opening (18) a pipe, a hose, a flexible pipe or the like. Can be arranged. 14. Anti-aquaplaning device in particular according to claim 1 , characterized in that at least one fan (air generator) is associated with the system (e.g. in the funnel (17) or in front of the "surface" (la to ij) arranged). 15. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of of the previous claims, characterized in that the distance of the "surface" from the wheel is chosen so that the water in time is displaced. 409884/017 * 16. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of of the previous claims, characterized in that the "surface" is at a distance from the wheel both in the longitudinal and in the transverse direction adjustable and adjustable. 17. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of them of the previous claims, characterized in thatthe front bumper and / or the entire front section is designed so (e.g. the bumper is provided with an open longitudinal slot) that the air is caught and that on the side Air discharge ducts in the bumper or in the front part in the direction of the floor at least at the same height the wheels are provided, which expediently end just before the ground at a distance in front of the wheels. 18. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of of the previous claims, characterized in that only a narrow strip - e.g. a quarter to a half of the tire width - The road is exposed to air, in front of and in the direction of travel of the wheels. 409884/0174 -orf. 19. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air discharge over the entire width of the car or over a substantial Part of the width of the car. 20. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main jet of air supply is centered on the tires in front of them on the Road hits. 21. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of of the previous claims, characterized in that the air is only laterally in front of the tires at a distance from these on the roadway is steered so that the water is only shifted under or only sideways to the vehicle. 22. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fender (s) provided with at least one "surface" or to one "Surface" is (are) shaped. 4/0174 23. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of of the previous claims, characterized by guide means (rails, pivot points, etc.) for moving the "surface" or for Purposes of twisting. 24. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of of the previous claims, characterized in that the "surfaces" are assigned control means, for example a motor drive in connection with toothed wheel and rack (the latter e.g. in the "Area"), toothed wheel on the motor and assigned gear (possibly in translation) on the "surface" for the purpose of tilting or twisting. 25. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of of the previous claims, characterized in that the "surface" is spring loaded to move in one direction in a desired one Position to be moved or to remain, and that a counterforce means in the interior of the car Pulled Bowden cable or the like. Can be applied, the "surface" running in guides or a fulcrum has etc. 409884/0174 26. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of of the previous claims, characterized in that already existing on the vehicle Brackets, holes or the like - as a fastening option or brackets for the "surfaces" can be used. 27. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of of the previous claims, characterized in that the "surface" in the fleas can be adjusted and locked in relation to the roadway. 28. Anti-aquaplaning device according to at least one of of the previous claims, ' characterized in that in the front of the vehicle, in particular in the area of the radiator grille and / or bumper, an i.w. downwardly facing sheet metal (26) is provided, the deflection means on both sides has ("surfaces" (27)) so that the air flow can be directed in front of the front tires. 29. Anti-aquaplaning device according to claim 28, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape is arbitrary, for example arched, profiled 409884/0174 (U-shape, V-shape, etc.), and that the adjoining "Surface" is expediently also curved, but also rotated by 90 in the direction, and that this "surface" (27) can be provided with ribs that are staggered in height. 30. Anti-aquaplaning device according to claims 28 and 29, characterized in that the ribs provided on the "surface" (27) are arcuate. A0988A / Q174