DE2332668A1 - METHOD OF EXTRACTION OF PROTEINS FROM ORGANIC MATERIAL - Google Patents

Description

ο τ i t a β N u pr ot S.A., Switzerland ,? r e 1 b u r g.

Process sub-extraction of proteins from organic material,

The invention relates to a method for extracting proteins from organic material, such as slaughterhouse waste, dairy waste, urban sewage, which is often caused by toxic Microorganisms are infected and as a result unsuitable for nutrition and feeding and.

In general, organic materials consist of low-quality bacromucolar substances such as cellulose, collagen, water, the is often present in very large quantities, salts and higher quality other substances, such as beds, proteins and hydrous carbohydrates. Separating these substances from one another is only up to Possible to a certain extent, but difficult to separate pure components, since fats, proteins, water-soluble carbohydrates and salts are very easily soluble in water.

Fats can be recovered, e.g. by skimming or Extract with hexane after drying.

Proteins are separated, usually after coagulation by heating or reducing the pH. Carbohydrates are recovered to some extent through evaporation and crystallization. Salts are obtained by ion separators. There are also microbiological methods of recovery applied by conversion into separable substances. The protein content of the material can only be up to one be concentrated to a certain extent without a change in protein taking place, which is often more or less, e.g. through coagulation completely done.

In this context, reference is also made to US patents 3,232,8o7, 3 o99 649.2 619 425.3 ooo 789 and 3 39o 999 referenced, of which

3 09885/1395

the last mentioned is the precipitation of proteinaceous material describes water-rich waste from slaughterhouses, odor processing plants, starch refineries and dairies by adding lignosulfonic acid.

The object of the invention is to improve the previous year after year unused and lost proteins contained and lost in organic materials such as slaughterhouse waste, dairy waste, municipal sewage and the like in a rational way to regain such a state that they can be made available for re-use, in particular for human nutrition and animal feeding.

The invention solves the problem posed by the recovery of pure proteins from organic materials, the main constituents, apart from protein, being at least one further component contained in that the separation is carried out with the aid of selected organic solutions from a dry material. The solution used acts on one of the two main components, e.g. the proteins or on the other component or components, while the other remains unaffected.

The one acting on the proteins, but compared to other components The inactive organic material solution is taken from a group containing propylene glycol, m-cresol, and 2-metoxyethanol. A solution that acts on the other components of the organic material, but is ineffective against proteins, is turned off selected from the group containing glycerol and ethylene glycol. The organic material which is subjected to the treatment according to the invention contains the following components: macromulecular substances which are insoluble in water, such as cellulose or collagen, Water fats, pueteins, salts, water, water-soluble carbohydrates. The remaining constituents of the organic material are hereinafter referred to as "the Be st".

For the recovery of pure or unchanged proteins, e.g. by dispersion, the material is ground or grated, whereby water-insoluble components are separated the material is dried taking into account the temperature sensitivity of the proteins, which varies with the protein type, time and drying method. In general, 6o-70 ° C is the upper limit.

309885/1395

The proteins can be recovered from the pulverized material either by dissolving the proteins in propyleuglycol ^ m-greeol or 2-methoxyethanol or mixtures thereof and subsequent precipitation of the proteins, or by dissolving the residue, which contains fats, carbohydrates and salts, but not of proteins, in glycerol or ethylene glycol or mixtures thereof. When the proteins are dissolved in propylene glycol, m-cresol or 2-ethoxyethanol or mixtures thereof, the protein-containing solution is separated from the rest by centrifugation or filtering. The proteins can then easily precipitate, for example by adding ethanol and cooling, and separated therefrom by centrifugation or filtering and then dissolved in water. When the rest of the ingredients, except for the proteins, are dissolved in glycerol or ethylene glycol, this solution is separated from the protein residue, which is then dissolved in water. The separation process can be carried out continuously or batchwise. The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a few examples.
Example 1 ;

This is about separating the proteins from whey what so far as a result of the extraordinarily good solubility in water The individual components were completely impossible. Instead, there is only a concentration the proteins from the whey that

Milk fat o.8 #

Proteins 0.85ε

Lactose $ 4.5

Salts (mainly NaCl) 0.5 #

Water $ 93.4

contains, the proportions depending on the type of cheese produced can fluctuate and the values given are only average values, as follows.

10 kilograms of whey are evaporated to 5o% dry matter 80 $ of the lactose crystallize after cooling and become through Centrifugation excreted, which is referred to as low-lactose whey Contains remainder

Milk fat 80 g

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Proteins

Lactose

Salts

water

The residue is dried to 300 g of anhydrous powder, which is shaken for 3 minutes together with 700 g of glycerol and then centrifuged. The excess glycerol is removed by washing with
400 g of a 5o / 5o ethanol / acetone solution was removed and the solid component was then dried. In this way, 75 g of undenatured, water-soluble protein powder were obtained.
In the same way, the process can be carried out using ethylene glycol as the solvent, the result being the same extraction rate.
Example 2:

Here blood plasma is treated according to the invention.
Blood plasma from slaughterhouses is of high nutritional value, but unfortunately its use is limited due to its high salt content.
Dried air plasma consists mainly of

Plasma proteins $ 83

Salts 13 &

Glycose

NPN (non-protein nitrogen)

The composition varies depending on the species. The above given values are average values.

1 kilogram of dried blood plasma is shaken for 5 minutes together with 6 kilograms of propylene glycol, most of the powder is dissolved. The solid part is removed by centrifugation. The solution is cooled to -lo ° C. Then 12 kilograms of ethanol are reduced to -lo ° C. The precipitate is removed in a centrifuge, washed with a 5o / 5o mixture of ethanol and water and dissolved in water. After drying, 800 g of pure, aqueous plasma proteins result. In the same way, the same amount of protein results from the treatment with
m-Gresol or 2-methoxyethanol.
Example 3:

Urban wastewater contains a large amount of nutritious substances. Daa is a big disunification problem that many churches have

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deal with microbiological cultures _t them largely neutralisieren.Biese Abwäaser contain a large proportion of Proteinen.Sie, however, are heavily infected and therefore unsuitable for food and feed.

According to this example, 10 kilograms of a dewatered microbial sludge are treated with a dry substance of 50 # according to the invention. The microorganisms present are treated in a known manner and then the material is dried, whereby 5 kilograms of powder of the following composition are obtained > proteins

Salts

Cellulose 47 #

The powder is mixed with 15 kilograms of propylene glycol for 5 minutes solid component is centrifuged. Then 30 kilograms of ethanol at -lo ° C are added to the propylene glycol solution The precipitate that forms is separated with a centrifuge. After washing with a 5o / 5o ethanol / water solution the precipitate is dissolved in water and dried, yielding 2 kilograms of pure, water-soluble protein powder. The treatment can be done in the same way and with the same result by means of m-cresol or 2-methoxyethanol. As the examples show, the method according to the invention is for the extraction of proteins from organic material through the use characterized by solution emjbtteln, which have a specific dissolving capacity, whereby proteins from other constituents excreted from the dry organic material.

Claims (1)

Claims. 1.) Process for extracting proteins from organic material, the extra protein contains at least one other component, characterized in that the organic material processed into dry powder and this is treated with a solvent that only affects one of the components of the material acts, but is ineffective with respect to the other constituent (s), whereupon the residue excreted from the resulting solution and then removing the solution from the proteins. 2.) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the Lb "- 309885/13 95 The solvent is selected from a group consisting of propylene glycol, m-cresol and contains 2-methoxyethanol. 5.) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the solvent is selected from a group consisting of glycerol and ethylene glycol contains. 4.) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as organic Slaughterhouse waste or dairy waste products have been used. 5. ^ experience according to claim 1, characterized in that organic Material used is the microbiologically treated waste material contains. 09885/1395