DE2318961A1 - BED WITH LIQUID MATTRESS AND ANGLE ADJUSTABLE SIDE BOARDS - Google Patents

Description

Fr 2462 P / b

Jobst Institute, Inc., Toledo, Ohio / USA Bed with liquid mattress and adjustable angles

Sideboards

The invention relates to a resilient pad for sick people an envelope of flexible, waterproof, sheet-like material which is so connected to itself that it is a container for a liquid forms.

A body support system is disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,585,660 to Gottfried et al. known what is used for Avoiding illnesses caused by lying in bed or bedsores. Such bedsores usually occur by cutting off the blood supply to areas where the patient is lying and on which high pressure is exerted, as in the Area of protruding bones where body weight is concentrated. In these areas, cell death occurs on when the surface pressure exceeds the pressure distribution of the lymph fluid. It lends itself to such a patient suggest the use of a liquid mattress to lay the patient on. The patient then floats in a pool of liquid, wherein the fluid is isolated from the patient by a flexible material such as a nylon impregnated neoprene which forms a loose interface between the supporting liquid pool and the patient. The material nestles adheres to the patient's body in a manner similar to that of placing the patient directly into the liquid. To this In this way, the load-bearing capacity is evenly distributed over the surface of the patient's body.

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The side boards of the support device are used to treat the patient lowered, and the carrying liquid flows to these side parts, whereby the patient on the underlying surface is lowered. The manual adjustment of the side boards has two obvious difficulties. First an assistant can only operate one sideboard at a time. Since various positions are provided for adjusting the depth of the liquid pool, the operator must walking from one side of the board to the other several times to get the correct setting. The second downside is that it can be extremely difficult for a comparatively weak helper to muster the strength that is necessary, to raise the side board from the horizontal position. It The object of the invention is to improve such a bed with a liquid mattress for the sick. The change in the load-bearing body of liquid should be more easily possible.

Furthermore, it should be possible to adjust the side boards over an entire area and thus the depth of the liquid basin to adjust to the positioning of a sick person.

This task is achieved by a resilient pad of the initially described type solved, which is characterized according to the invention in that the container is larger than in the longitudinal direction the part to be stored by the patient, that the wrapping makes one Forms liquid body on which a part of the patient is at least partially stored by displacing the liquid that a base for the envelope with a horizontal portion for supporting the main surface of the envelope, one end portion perpendicular to the horizontal region with spaced apart, generally parallel major surfaces, first and second, extending upward from the horizontal support surface Side boards and a rotatable attachment for at least one of the side boards for rotary movement about an axis next to and generally parallel to the horizontal support, the Umhüll.mit parts of the side boards on which the

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Pivoting attachment facing away from part is connected, and between means included in the spaced major surfaces of the end portion for moving the one side board are provided around the swivel mount.

The object is thus achieved through the use of a mechanism for adjusting the side board. The mechanism allows it allows the assistant to adjust the side boards at the same time and adjust them in a whole range between horizontal and to change the vertical direction. As a result, the operator needs less force to lift the side boards out of the horizontal position.

By adjusting the side boards in relation to a horizontal one Underlay, the liquid-tight, flexible covering, which contains the carrying liquid, can thus be changed in its position be that the depth of the pool of the liquid can be adjusted.

/ Advantage of the
The adjustment mechanism increases in size as the force required to control the change in position increases. It can be seen that the nature of the fluid of the heavy fluid used for displacement at the lower end of the body determines the weight of the fluid which follows the means to limit it. When the side boards are lowered, the liquid flows into the area of the side boards and exerts forces that must be overcome. When the side boards are in an almost horizontal position and the enclosure for the liquid has sufficient lateral extent to extend beyond the outer boundaries of the boards, a counter-reservoir is formed and in extreme circumstances this hangs over the edges of the side boards. As a result, almost the entire weight of the carrying liquid is imposed on the pivot mounting with the greatest lever arm and requires the greatest mechanical power in the adjustment mechanism in order to keep the driving forces at a reasonable level. This is achieved by the ratio of the length and the location of the pivoted lever in

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the drive mechanism and the means for shifting the position of these rotary bearings and for shifting the moment of force this when the load is changed.

In an advantageous embodiment, there are means for compensation the load caused by the liquid on the movable Side boards are provided to facilitate the movement of the boards through the drive mechanism.

Other features and usefulnesses of the. Invention arise from the description of exemplary embodiments in connection with the figures. From the figures show:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a system for Positioning a body with a sick person floating in a cushion;

FIG. 2 shows a perspective illustration of the system shown in FIG. 1 with a patient in a position for treatment, the floating pool being disassembled in order to release the patient; FIG. and.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the adjusting mechanism for a Side board, with the linkage for the other side broken off and left out.

The invention is illustrated in an application to a bed. Fig. 1 shows a resilient system for a body support, which is also shown in Fig. 1 of the aforementioned Gottfried patent. The bed 11 forms a resilient base for the whole body of a patient 12 in that the patient is essentially in one Basin made of a liquid, expediently water, floats. A sheath 13 for the liquid consists of a waterproof, flexible tape material, such as a neoprene, which is coated with a nylon product, and is composed of an upper and a lower surfaces 14 and 15, which abut one another at their edges in a liquid-tight connection 16, as it is is shown in FIG. If the pillow is designed as a whole cushion for a bed 11, then the cover 13 has a somewhat larger one

Length than the length of the bed and a width at least twice the depth of the pool of liquid needed to keep the patient free on the one below him Pad surface can float, is wider than the width of the sick. When the sides of the envelope 13 are raised and are brought towards each other, then the lower surface forms a hollowed-out container for the suspended liquid, while the upper surface 14 has ample material to adapt to the patient's body. When the patient is freely admitted is then transferred from the underlying pad as in Fig. 1 the free upper surface 14 the load-bearing capacity of the liquid displaced by the patient evenly over the support area of the Body of the patient causing the area to float.

The system is designed so that the enclosure can be contained in an area that can vary between a basin, which is wide and flat, and one which is narrow and deep. While the envelope should have such dimensions that the volume the liquid required to separate the inner surfaces and surfaces 14 and 15 is a minimum, should be a large one Area of patients of different sizes with one and the same covering can be accommodated. A thin person can float in a narrower pool of liquid than a thick person or a person with a thick body, the variation is accomplished by creating a range of postures, in which the longitudinal edges of the envelope are both held with regard to their lateral separation from one another and their height Above / aar-underlying main surface of the wrapping pad.

In order to expose the patient for treatment or examination, the upper surface 14 of the envelope 13 surrounding the patient must be lowered in the manner shown in Fig. 2 relative to the underlying substrate. This is done by that the liquid pool is designed so that the patient is gently on the pad surface 22 below the lower surface the envelope 13 is lowered. Since the carrying fluid exceeds the patient's weight, it is a problem

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considerable burden due to nurses and helpers too is to cope with. -

The change in the liquid bed between the The states shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are facilitated by the holder for the sheath 13. A head part 17 and a foot part 18, which will be described later, are connected to one another by rails 19 which are attached to them by brackets 21, to provide a solid structure for the aforesaid shim 22 for the wrapper. A side limit for the envelope 13 is formed by side boards 23 ,,,, which extend between the head part 17 and the foot part 18. The parallel side boards 23 have 24 on their lower edges a distance from one another which is equal to the minimum width of the pad. The dimension depends on the maximum body width to be absorbed at a maximum fluid bed depth.

The width and depth of the basin enclosed by the enclosure 13 can be regulated by adjusting the side boards 23 when there is a volume of liquid. The side boards 23 are rotatable at its lower edge 24 on the head part 17 and on the foot part 18 attached. This can be accomplished by providing a pivot bar 20 extending from each end of the side boards. The protruding nozzle ends of the rod 20 sit in cylinder bearings 30 in the head part and the foot part. On the turning bars 20 are attached by welding tangs 6, which are attached to the side board 23 by screws or other fastening means can be attached. The width of the basin varies with the angular position of the side boards 23 in relation to the support board 22. The cross-section of the basin therefore varies between an inverted obtuse triangle if the side boards are between the vertical and horizontal, and a right one Angle when the side boards are vertical. When the side boards 23 move from horizontal to vertical move, the turning bar 20 facing away from the longitudinal edges of the two boards that are connected to the casing 13,

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raised and enlarge the depth of the basin to the maximum Depth when the side boards 23 are perpendicular to the support board 22.

To the side boards 23 in a position perpendicular to the support board 22 and hold in this angular position is a mechanism for rotating the side boards in the foot section intended. In an advantageous embodiment, the mechanism is designed in the manner shown in FIG. 3. The side boards are rotated about a pivot point 25 which is centered in the bearing 30 in the foot part and the head part. An articulated arm 26 is fixed connected to the side board 23 via the pivot bar 20 at the pivot point 25 and therefore moves through the same angle as that Sideboard 23.

A threaded nut 27 can move along a threaded shaft 28 which is mounted so that it can be rotated by means provided in the foot part 18, not shown here. The direction of movement of the nut 27 depends on the direction of rotation of the shaft. An articulated arm 31 is attached to the threaded nut 27 at a pivot point 29. At the upper end of the threaded shaft 28 there is a fixed pivot point 32 for an articulated arm 33. The articulated arm 31 ηηά the articulated arm 33 are connected at a pivot point 34 so that when the threaded nut 27 moves upwards, for example on the threaded shaft 28, the Pivot points 29 and 34 are moved upwards. The pivot point 34 is moved away from the threaded shaft 28, since the threaded arm 33 moves counterclockwise around the pivot point 32 in the manner shown in FIG.

When pivot 34 moves away from threaded shaft 28, the pivot point 35 at the upper end of the articulated arm 31 likewise moves away from the threaded shaft 28. The pivot point 35 belongs to the articulated arm 36 * The articulated arm 36 is connected to the crank or articulated arm 26 at a pivot point 37. The fulcrum 37 inevitably moves on an arc around the pivot point 25, as a result of which an outward movement of the articulated arm 36

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causes the crank arm 26 and side board 23 to revolve turn the pivot point 25 clockwise. This has the consequence that the side board 23 rotates clockwise and its rotating rod 20 facing away edge is lowered and the depth of the basin is reduced. If the threaded nut 27 on the threaded shaft 28 after moves below, then of course the opposite movements occur up, the side board 23 rotates counterclockwise and the depth of the basin is increased. Advantageously a torsion spring 38 can be attached to the foot section and the side board in such a way that some of the weight of the Liquid in the envelope 13 is balanced? thereby reducing the force required to lift the side board and the operation of the mechanism is facilitated in this way.

In an advantageous embodiment, the threaded shaft 28 may have a bevel gear 39 at one end which is in engagement stands with another bevel gear 41, which by a hand crank 42 (Figs. 1 and 2) is rotated. In this way, a nurse or attendant can use the hand crank 42 to control the Raise or lower the side boards 23 and thereby control the depth of the liquid in the aid 13 »

If the side board 23 is in a horizontal position, then the weight of the liquid on it is greatest. This weight generates a moment M- around the pivot point 25 in the clockwise direction. To compensate for the load, a counterclockwise force must be applied to the pivot point 37 to generate a torque on the crank 26. If this force is equal to F- and if it is applied in a direction parallel to the axis of the arm 36, then is the force times the effective length / of the crank 26 equal to the moment acting on the side board 23 _? or F- χ L- = M-. The effective length of the crank 26 is determined by projecting a straight line through the pivot points 35 and 37 and measuring the perpendicular distance at the pivot point 25.

The force F-j is exerted by applying a force to the hand crank 42 and transmitted via the bevel gears 41 and 39, the thread

shaft 28 and nut 27 so that a component F _{2 of} the force applied is perpendicular to arm 31 at pivot point 29. If the distance between the pivot points 29 and 34 is designated as L ₂ , then a moment F ₂ × L ₂ acts on the pivot point 34. The vertical distance between arm 36 and pivot point 34 is the effective length L _{3 of} the distance between pivot points 34 and 35. Therefore, to compensate for the moments around pivot point 34, a force Fg is generated at pivot point 35, parallel to arm 36 in a direction im Counterclockwise and it is F ₂ χ L ₂ = F, χ Lg.

The force at the hand crank 42 also generates a force component at the pivot point 29 parallel to the arm 31. This force component acts on the arm 36 at the pivot point 35 to generate a force component F ₄ parallel to the arm 36 and in the same direction as F ₁ . In this way the combination of F ₃ and F ₄ creates the force F ₁ or F ₁ - F ₃ + F ₄ .

When the side board 23 is rotated to the vertical position, the moment M ₁ decreases as the weight of the liquid is reduced as it flows to the longitudinal center of the cushion system, and the effective length of the lever decreases. Since the arm 31 is rotated counterclockwise about the pivot point 34, the force component F ₂ decreases, whereby the component Fg and thus in turn F _{1 are} reduced. In this way, a constant force on the hand crank 42 produces a maximum turning force when the side board 23 is in the horizontal position, and the turning force decreases when the side board is rotated to the vertical position. It will be understood that if an increase in the maximum torque is desired, this can be achieved by increasing the length of the crank 26 or decreasing the distance between the pivot points 34 and 35 or increasing the distance between the pivot points 29 and 34 or a Combination of these.

The constant input force for the system is particularly advantageous, if the bevel gear is to be driven by an electric motor. Each type of engine has a special point in

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his work curve , in which he works with maximum efficiency. It is desirable to work in this operating point in order to be able to use the smallest and cheapest motor. Looking at the arms 31 and 33, it can be seen that when the threaded nut 27 is moved downward on the threaded shaft 28 by equal distances, the distance between the pivot point and the shaft becomes smaller by increasing the sections. These increasing sections of the horizontal movement are translated to arm 26 via arm 36. There they are transferred to an increased increase in the rotary movement about the pivot point 25. If the screw shaft 28 is rotated at a constant speed in this way, the rotational speed of the side board 23 increases from its horizontal position to the vertical position. Since the torque required to generate the torque becomes smaller as the load decreases, the required force remains constant. Therefore the power input to the system is constant and the motor works with maximum efficiency.

While the largest dimensions of the system depend on the available space and the maximum load to be lifted, safety is a must relationships are maintained. To avoid jamming or tipping over the center point, the distance between pivot points 29 and 34 and pivot points 34 and 32 larger be than the iocimal distance between the pivot points 29 and 32 is desired. Furthermore, the distance between the pivot points 25 and 37 and pivot points 37 and 35 must be greater than the maximum direct straight distance between pivot points 25 and 35, when the side board 23 is in its vertical position. Finally, the distance between pivot points 34 and 35 and pivot points 35 and 37 must be greater than the straight distance between pivot points 34 and 37 when the side board is in its horizontal position.

An exemplary geometry of the drive linkage includes A moment of force, which is applied to the side board around the fixed pivot point 25, and a drive moment, which is via the lever arm is applied to the coupling point 37, which is a fixed

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Can move circular arc, which is determined by the lever 26 about the fixed pivot point 25. A second fixed arc-shaped movement path is that of the pivot point or coupling point 34 above the fixed pivot point 32 , this arc having a radius which is determined by the lever 33. An interrupted lever with a toggle lever movement is formed from the lever 36 and the lever 31, which are rotatably coupled to one another at point 35. If the sideboard movement from the axis of screw 28 is 32.5 cm, then the effective radius of the first arc (lever 33) is 15.25 cm and the second arc (lever 26) is 10.8 cm, and if the effective length of the lever 36 is 21 cm, while the distance between the pivot points 29 and 34 via the lever 31 is 8.7 cm and the pivot points 34 and 35 11 _? 7 cm, the lever 26 rotates about the pivot point 25 by 9 ° for a shift of the pivot point 29 from a position of 15.25 cm below the pivot point 32 to a position of 16.5 cm below the pivot point 32 "successive displacements 1.26 cm downwards each increase the arc of movement of the lever 26 in an anti-clockwise direction to approximately 9.5 °, 10.5 °, 12 °, 14 ° and 21 °. In such an arrangement, a displacement of the pivot point 29 by 7.62 cm into a position? in which the levers 33 and 31 form approximately a straight line, an angular -. shaped deflection of the lever 26 by 76 ° ο It is advantageous to attach the side board 23 so that it is offset by about 30 ° clockwise relative to the lever 26 in such an arrangement that the side board 23 is substantially horizontal when the pivot point 29 is 15.25 cm below the pivot point 32.

If desired, the lifting mechanism in the end wall 18 have a hydraulic or electric motor drive. The levers can be in terms of their length and their angular Ratios are changed, which gives their advantage in mechanical Relationship can be changed.

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Claims (11)

- "12 - Claims Resilient pad for the sick from an envelope flexible, waterproof, sheet-like material that is so bonded to itself that it is a container for a liquid forms, characterized in that the container is larger in the longitudinal direction than that of the patient part to be stored, that the envelope forms a body of liquid on which a Part of the patient, at least in part, by displacing the Liquid is stored, that a pad for wrapping with a horizontal Area for supporting the major surface of the enclosure, an end part perpendicular to the horizontal area with at a distance from each other located> generally parallel main surfaces, first and second side boards extending upwardly from the horizontal support surface and a rotatable mount for at least one of the side boards for rotational movement about an axis adjacent and generally parallel to the horizontal Underlay, the casing being connected to parts of the side boards on the part facing away from the swivel attachment and means for moving included between the spaced major surfaces of the end portion of one side board are provided around the pivot mount. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the Drive means are designed so that they the side board in can hold any chosen inclination in relation to the horizontal surface. · ■. '".- 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that means for the rotatable fastening of a second side board along a running next to the horizontal support Axis and generally parallel to the axis of rotation of the first side board are provided and that the drive means move the second side board simultaneously with the deflection of the first side board about the corresponding pivot mount. 309845/0424 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the Side boards parallel to their edges next to the horizontal support at a distance from one another and that the support is a right-angled plane. . 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a Counterforce is provided that supports the drive mechanism, when the part of the side board facing away from the pivot mounting is raised, and which brakes the drive means when the Rotary fastening facing away from the part of the side board is lowered. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the counterforce is exerted by a torsion spring. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive means means for reducing the size of the on the side board have applied torque and increasing the speed of the side board for a given applied force, when the sideboard is rotated from a maximum load position to a minimum load position. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Drive means are operated by a hand crank. 9. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the parts to be rotated are driven by an electric motor. 10 »Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive device is a guide screw, a nut on the screw, a first drive lever rotatably connected to one end of the nut, a second rotatable with the first drive lever at a point facing away from the nut rotatably connected second drive lever, a third Lever that defines a fixed circle of movement of a point along its length and a fixed pivot bearing near the 309846 / Q424 Axis of the lead screw and at a distance from the nut has an axis of rotation from the fixed arc defined by the third lever for the first drive lever and connected to the first drive lever between the nut and the rotary coupling with the second drive lever, and one of which is rotatably attached The side board extends out and is rotatable with the second drive lever at a point that is a distance from the pivot coupling between the first and second drive levers, connected crank arms are provided. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the effective length of the second drive lever and the crank between their respective pivot connections approximates the distance of the pivot attachment from the axis of the screw that the the radius determined by the third lever is half the distance the rotary fastener approximates from the axis of the screw and that the length of the first drive lever approximates the length of the third lever. 309845/0424