DE2315522B2

DE2315522B2 - VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER

Info

Publication number: DE2315522B2
Application number: DE19732315522
Authority: DE
Inventors: Väinö Tuure Kalevi Vaasa Panu (Finnland)
Original assignee: Oy Strömberg AB, Vaasa (Finnland)
Priority date: 1972-04-07
Filing date: 1973-03-28
Publication date: 1976-11-18
Also published as: CH560454A5; FR2179250A1; DK133406C; US3792396A; GB1427980A; JPS5431568B2; JPS4915921A; FI46572B; SE381769B; BE797756A; FR2179250B1; FI46572C; SU587885A3; DK133406B; NO138705C; NO138705B; IT983696B; DE2315522A1

Description

Potential linear in der Längsrichtung der Primärwicklung verteiltPotential distributed linearly in the longitudinal direction of the primary winding

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäl dadurch gelöst, daß der magnetische Kreis aus zwei gesonderten Kernteüen besteht, von denen der ersten Kernteil sich von der äußeren Oberfläche des Hauptisolators, die erste Wicklung außenseitig umlaufeud, wenigstens annähernd bis zur einen Kante des Hauptisolators erstreckt und aus einem sich dem Hauptisolator anschmiegenden, mit Hochspannungspotential verbundenen Jochteil und aus einem damit verbundenen, in der Achsenrichtung wenigstens annähernd gegenüber der ersten Wicklung gelegenen hochzylindrischen Säulenteil besteht, der in der Achsenrichtung elektrisch isolierend unterteilt ist und an seinem mit dem Jochteil verbundenen Ende ebenfalls an Hochspannungspotential liegt, an seinem anderen Ende jedoch wie der damit verbundene zweite Kernteil an Erdpotential liegt, der sich von der innneren Oberfläche des Hauptisolators, die zweite Wicklung innenseitig umlaufend, bis um die genannte Kante des Hauplisolators zur Verbindungssteile mit dem anderen Ende des hohlzylindrischen Säulenteiles erstreckt. This object is achieved according to the invention in that the magnetic circuit consists of two separate core parts, of which the first core part extends from the outer surface of the main insulator, the first winding on the outside, at least approximately to one edge of the main insulator and from one of the Main insulator clinging to the high voltage potential and connected to it, in the axial direction at least approximately opposite the first winding , highly cylindrical column part, which is divided in the axial direction in an electrically insulating manner and at its end connected to the yoke part is also at high voltage potential, at its However, the other end, like the connected second core part, is at ground potential, which extends from the inner surface of the main insulator, the second winding on the inside, up to the said edge of the main insulator to the connection parts with the other end e of the hollow cylindrical column part extends.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Further refinements of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Kombination des bekannten Spannungstransformatorprinzips der eingangs genannten Anordnung mit dem neuartigen, gegenüber dem anderweitig bekannten geschlossenen Magnetkreis abgewandelten Magnetkreisaufbau erreicht man bei verringertem Eisenquerschnitt ohne erhöhte Wicklungswindungszahl merklich verringerte Dimensionen und einen erheblich niedrigeren Malerialaufwand und erzielt gleichzeitig eine lineare Verteilung des Potentials längs der Primärwicklung durch den in der Achsenrichtung elektrisch isolierend unterteilten hohlzylindrischen Magnetkernsäulenteil. Es ist dabei möglich, hochwertige Isolationsmaterialien der Leistungskondensatortechnik in Form dünner Folien zusammen mit den Metallfolienrohrelementen zu verwenden und eine Konstruktion guter elektrischer Festigkeit und geringer Abmessungen zu erzielen.The inventive combination of the known voltage transformer principle of the introduction mentioned arrangement with the novel, compared to the otherwise known closed Magnetic circuit modified magnetic circuit structure can be achieved with a reduced iron cross-section without increased number of turns, noticeably reduced dimensions and a considerably lower painterly outlay and at the same time achieves a linear distribution of the potential along the primary winding through the in the axial direction electrically insulating divided hollow cylindrical magnetic core column part. It is there possible, high-quality insulation materials for power capacitor technology in the form of thin foils to be used together with the metal foil tube members and a good electrical construction To achieve strength and small dimensions.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung ist eine Ausführungsforni des erfindungsgemäßen Spannungstransformator im Schnitt dargestellt.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. In the drawing is one Embodiment of the voltage transformer according to the invention shown in section.

Das Hauptisolierrohr 1 des Transformators weist eine Länge von 2H + H' auf, wo H > die kürzeste Strecke bezeichnet, über welche die Spannungsbelastung in der Achsenrichtung des Stützisolators 1 verteil· werden kann, und H' = die Höhe des Jochs, durch welches das Isolierrohr 1 läuft. Das Haiiptisolierrohr 1 besieht aus mehreren gegenseitig gleich langen, ineinander liegenden Metallfolienzylindern 11 von der Länge H + H' sowie zwischen diesen gegenseitig gleich dicken, dünnen Isolierzylindern 12, die länger als die Metallfolienzylinder 11 sind. Die Enden der Metallfolienzylinder 11 liegen am einen Ende des Hauptisolierrohres 1 um den Abstand Hlin weiter entfernt von und am anderen Ende in entsprechendem Grade näher an der Mitte des Hauptisolierrohres 1 als das Ende des am nächsten liegenden inneren Metallfolienzylinders 11, wobei mdie Anzahl der Isolierfolienzylinder 12 ist.The main insulating tube 1 of the transformer has a length of 2H + H ' , where H > denotes the shortest distance over which the voltage load can be distributed in the axial direction of the post insulator 1, and H' = the height of the yoke through which the Insulating tube 1 is running. The shark insulating tube 1 consists of several mutually equally long, nested metal foil cylinders 11 of length H + H ' and, between these mutually equally thick, thin insulating cylinders 12 which are longer than the metal foil cylinders 11. The ends of the metal foil cylinder 11 are at one end of the main insulating tube 1 by the distance Hlin further away from and at the other end to a corresponding extent closer to the center of the main insulating tube 1 than the end of the closest inner metal foil cylinder 11, with the number of insulating foil cylinders 12 is.

Ferner ist, berechnet von dem einen Ende des Hauptisolierrohres 1, auf der Strecke h eine Primärwicklung 5 konzentrisch mit dem Hauptisolator 5 in der Weise gewickelt, daß die Enden der Metallfolienzylinder 11 gegenüber der Primärwicklung 5 liegen und in radialer Richtung auf derselben Seite des Hauptisolierrohres 1 wie die Primärwicklung 5 liegen. Furthermore, calculated from one end of the main insulating tube 1, a primary winding 5 is wound concentrically with the main insulator 5 on the distance h in such a way that the ends of the metal foil cylinders 11 lie opposite the primary winding 5 and in the radial direction on the same side of the main insulating tube 1 how the primary winding 5 lie.

Die Sekundärwicklung 4 ist ihrerseits in Achsenrichtung an der gleichen Stelle wie die Primärwicklung 5, aber in radialer Richtung auf der anderen Seite des Hauptisolierrohres 1 gewickelt. Die eine Hälfte 2,2', 2" des magnetischen Kreises 2, 3, 6 erstreckt sich als ein fast einheitlicher ferromagnetischer Körper etwa von der Mitte der inneren Oberfläche des Hauptisolierrohres 1 um die Sekundärwicklung 4 und um die Stirnkante des Hauptisolierrohres 1 auf einen Punkt an dem am Erdpotential liegenden Ende der Primärwicklung 5, wobei der genannte magnetische Kreis sich ganz und gar ungefähr am Erdpotential befindet. The secondary winding 4 is in turn wound in the axial direction at the same point as the primary winding 5, but in the radial direction on the other side of the main insulating tube 1. One half 2, 2 ', 2 "of the magnetic circuit 2, 3, 6 extends as an almost uniform ferromagnetic body approximately from the center of the inner surface of the main insulating tube 1 around the secondary winding 4 and around the front edge of the main insulating tube 1 to one point at the end of the primary winding 5 which is at the earth potential , the said magnetic circuit being completely and approximately at the earth potential.

Die andere Hälfte 3,6 des magnetischen Kreises 2, 3, 6 enthält dagegen eine in ihrer Längsrichtung elektrisch isolierende rohrförmige Magnetsäule 6, die sich von dem am Erdpotenlial liegenden (unteren) Ende 14 der Primärwicklung 5 zum Hochspannungscndc der Primärwicklung 5 erstreckt, sowie ein Joch 3, das sich von dem hochspannungsseitigen (oberen) F.nde 15 der Primärwicklung 5 zur Stirnfläche des mittleren Bereiches des Haupiisolicrrohres 1 in der Achscnrichtung auf dasselbe raumliche Niveau wie die am Erdpotential befindliche Hälfte 2 des magnetischen Kreises erstreckt, aber in radialer Richtung auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Hauptisolierrohres 1 verläuft. Hierdurch entsteht ein magnetischer Kreis, der die Primär- und Sekundärwicklung 5, 4 und den /wischen diesen liegenden Teil des Hauptisolierrohrs 1 umgibt und den das Hauptisolierrohr 1 durch einen Luftspalt, der ebenso groß ist wie der I solierz wischen raum, unterbricht. The other half 3,6 of the magnetic circuit 2, 3, 6, however, contains a tubular magnetic column 6 which is electrically insulating in its longitudinal direction and which extends from the (lower) end 14 of the primary winding 5, which is at ground potential, to the high-voltage cndc of the primary winding 5, as well as a Yoke 3, which extends from the high-voltage side (upper) end 15 of the primary winding 5 to the end face of the central area of the main insulation tube 1 in the axial direction at the same spatial level as the half 2 of the magnetic circuit that is at earth potential, but in the radial direction the opposite side of the main insulating tube 1 runs. This creates a magnetic circuit which surrounds the primary and secondary windings 5, 4 and the part of the main insulating tube 1 that is lying between them and which the main insulating tube 1 interrupts by an air gap that is as large as the space between the insulation.

Der magnetische Kreis 2, 3, 6 einschließlich der Wicklungen 5, 4 und des Isolierrohres 1 sind in einem hohlen Stützisolator 7 derart ungeordnet, daß die Achse des Hauplisolierrohres 1 parallel /ur Achse des Stützisolators 7 verläuft. Hierbei befindet sich dasjenige Ende des Hauptisolierrohres 1, an welchem die Enden sämtlicher Metallfolienzylinder auf der Außenfläche liegen, ganz, und gar innerhalb des Stützisolators 7.The magnetic circuit 2, 3, 6 including the windings 5, 4 and the insulating tube 1 are in one hollow post insulator 7 so disordered that the axis of the Hauplisolierrohres 1 parallel / ur axis of the Post insulator 7 runs. Here is that end of the main insulating tube 1 at which the ends All of the metal foil cylinders lie on the outer surface, entirely, and even within the post insulator 7.

Die aktiven Teile des Transformators befinden sich also alle innerhalb des hohlen Stützisolators 7. Die am Erdpolcntial befindliche, mit Endflanschen 2" versehene ferromagnetische Inncnsäule 2 dient als Spulenkörper für die Sekundärwicklung 4, die als ein langer Zylinder ausgeformt ist. Das Hauptisolierrohr 1 ist auf das gleich dicke, aus der ferromagnetische!! Innensäule 2 und der Sekundärwicklung 4 gebildete Rohr in der Weise gewickelt, daß sich das untere Ende des innersten Metallfolicnzylinders am unteren Ende der Sekundärwicklung 4 und das untere Ende der äußersten Metallfolienschicht 11 am oberen Ende der Sekundärwicklung 4 befindet. Das untere Ende des Hauptisolierrohres 1 ist mittels einer Füllisolation 13 ausgerichtet, wodurch es möglieh ist. die Primärwicklung 5 auf eine gleich dicke zylindrische Unterlage zu wickeln. Die Windungen der Primärwicklung 5 sind gleichmäßig über die gan/e Strecke H verteilt, wobei die Potentialverteilung linear ist.The active parts of the transformer are therefore all located inside the hollow post insulator 7. The ferromagnetic inner column 2 provided with end flanges 2 ″ on the ground pole serves as a coil body for the secondary winding 4, which is shaped as a long cylinder. The main insulating tube 1 is on the equally thick tube formed from the ferromagnetic inner column 2 and the secondary winding 4 wound in such a way that the lower end of the innermost metal foil cylinder is at the lower end of the secondary winding 4 and the lower end of the outermost metal foil layer 11 is at the upper end of the secondary winding 4 . the lower end of Hauptisolierrohres 1 is aligned by means of a Füllisolation 13, whereby it is möglieh. to wind the primary winding 5 to a uniformly thick cylindrical surface. the turns of the primary winding 5 are distributed uniformly over the GaN / e distance H, the potential distribution is linear.

Auf der Primärwicklung 5 ist ein zylinderförmiges. in seiner Längsrichtung elektrisch isolierendes Magnetrohr 6 angeordnet, dessen oberes Ende in galvanischer Verbindung 16 mit dem oberen Ende 15 der Primärwicklung 5 steht und dessen unteres Ende sich am Erdpotential über Leiter 10, 21, 17 befindet. Zwischen dem oberen Ende des elektrisch isolierendes Magnetrohres 6 und der Außenfläche des mittleren Bereiches des Hauptisolierrohres 1 ist ein ferromagnetisches Joch On the primary winding 5 is a cylindrical. arranged in its longitudinal direction electrically insulating magnet tube 6, the upper end of which is in galvanic connection 16 with the upper end 15 of the primary winding 5 and the lower end of which is at ground potential via conductors 10, 21, 17. Between the upper end of the electrically insulating magnet tube 6 and the outer surface of the central region of the main insulating tube 1 is a ferromagnetic yoke

3 angeordnet, das im ganzen das gleiche Potential wie das obere Ende 15 der Primärwicklung 5 hat. Das Hauptisolierrohr 1 erstreckt sich durch das oben befindliche Joch 3 und unterbricht somit den magnetischen Kreis 2, 3, 6 durch einen Luftspalt, der ebenso groß wie der Isolierzwischenraum ist. Die Einwirkung des Luftspaltes auf die Eigenschaften des magnetischen Kreises 2,3,6 kann durch Vergrößerung der Größe H' des Jochs reduziert werden.3 arranged, which has the same potential as the upper end 15 of the primary winding 5 on the whole. The main insulating tube 1 extends through the yoke 3 located above and thus interrupts the magnetic circuit 2, 3, 6 through an air gap which is just as large as the insulating space. The effect of the air gap on the properties of the magnetic circuit 2,3,6 can be reduced by increasing the size H 'of the yoke.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist in Abweichung von dem oben beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel ein Platzwechsel zwischen der Primär- und SekundärwicklungIn the context of the invention, a change of place is in deviation from the embodiment described above between the primary and secondary winding

möglich, wobei das genannte elektrisch isolierende Magnetrohr 6 sich auch innerhalb des Hauptisolators 1 befinden kann.possible, said electrically insulating Magnet tube 6 can also be located inside the main insulator 1.

Der Kernteil 3, 6 braucht nicht aus einem koaxial angeordneten Ring zu bestehen, sondern kann auch z. B. als eine Säule ausgeformt sein. Der Kernteil 2' kann wiederum auch rings um den Hauptisoiator und die erste Wicklung liegen. Der Kcrntcil 2" braucht seinerseits nicht flanschartig zu sein und kann sich auch nach innen erweitern (wenn sich die Primärwicklung innerhalb eines Hauptisolators befindet).The core part 3, 6 need not consist of a coaxially arranged ring, but can also, for. B. be shaped as a column. The core part 2 'can in turn also lie around the main insulator and the first winding. For its part, the element 2 ″ does not need to be flange-like and can also expand inwards (if the primary winding is located inside a main insulator).

Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings

Claims

Patent claims:

1. Voltage transformer, which comprises a hollow post insulator, a main insulator contained therein, S at least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding as well as necessary conductors, wherein the main insulator is tubular and consists of several metal foil tube elements arranged one inside the other and at least partially staggered and insulating tube elements arranged between these, at least a first winding is arranged around the main insulator and at least one second winding is arranged at least approximately opposite the first winding inside the main insulator, characterized in that the magnetic circuit ( 2, 3, 6) consists of two separate core parts, of which the first The core part (3, 6) extends from the outer surface of the main insulator (1), the first winding (5) circumferentially on the outer cable, at least approximately to one edge of the main insulator (1) and from a clinging to the main insulator (1) with High voltage pot entially connected yoke part (3) and of a connected, in the axial direction at least approximately opposite the first winding (5) located hollow cylindrical column part (6), which is divided electrically insulating in the axial direction and connected to the high part (3) The end is also at high voltage potential, but at its other end, like the second core part (2, 2 ', 2 ") connected to it, is at ground potential, which extends from the inner surface of the main insulator (1), the second winding (4) on the inside until it extends around the said edge of the main insulator (i) to the connection point with the other end of the hollow cylindrical column part (6).

2. Voltage transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that the length (H) of the stepped part (the stepped parts) of the main insulator (1) is at least as long as the shortest distance over which the voltage load in the axial direction of the main insulator (1) can be distributed.

3. Voltage transformer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gradation on the parts of the main isolator (1) are restricted, which in the axial direction outside the core (2, 3, 6) run or lie opposite the first winding (5).

4. Voltage transformer according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inner part (2 ') of the second core part (2) is cylindrical and provided with a recess, in which the second winding (4) can be wrapped.

5. Voltage transformer according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first core part (3, 6) cylindrical and with an inside recess for the first winding (5) is provided.

6. Voltage transformer according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the axial extent of the core parts (2, 3, 6) is greater than that of the windings (4, 5).

The invention relates to a voltage transformer which comprises a hollow post insulator, a main insulator contained therein, at least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding as well as required conductors, the main insulator being tubular and made of several metal foil tubular elements arranged one inside the other and at least partially staggered and between these arranged insulating tube elements consists, at least one first winding is arranged around the main insulator and at least one second winding is arranged at least approximately opposite the first winding within the main insulator.

In a type of voltage transformer with so-called rod cores, the core consists of a ferromagnetic rod on which the secondary winding is wound in the form of a long cylinder. On this secondary winding, the main insulator is arranged in the form of a tube and on this in turn the cylindrical primary winding. The magnetic flux closes through the air, the equivalent air gap of the magnetic circuit being relatively long. A large iron cross-section and / or a large number of winding turns are required to achieve a sufficiently large open circuit inductivity. The dimensions of the active parts of the transformer and thus the material cost is rumbling When quick Spannungsve ^r changes, the potential due to the large earth capacitance distributed non-linearly in the longitudinal direction of the primary winding, said more insulating material than in the other areas is required between the upper winding elements ( DT-PS 6 78 840).

In addition, a voltage transformer of the type mentioned with a tubular one is made of several metal foil tube and insulating tube elements arranged one inside the other and in a stepped manner Main insulator known (US-PS 30 28 569). which also only has a central ferromagnetic core contains, so that the magnetic flux is closed by the air and a correspondingly large iron cross-section and / or numerous winding turns and correspondingly large dimensions are required are.

On the other hand, it is in the case of a high-voltage measuring transformer which does not have a main insulator constructed in this way known (GB-PS 9 24 71b), within the primary winding lying magnetic core above and urüen to be provided with approaches and outside of the Secondary winding to provide further magnetic core parts that surround the arrangement concentrically and form a magnetic circuit that is only interrupted by the main insulation, the inner Magnetic core part at high voltage potential and the outer magnetic core part is at ground potential. Even with this type of transformer, relatively large dimensions are still required because the main insulation contains no metal elements for voltage control and therefore the insulation strength is considerably greater must be chosen, and one does not get a uniform potential distribution along the primary winding.

The invention is based on the object of providing a voltage transformer of the type mentioned at the beginning to train in such a way that one gets by with a noticeably reduced iron cross-section without an increased one Number of winding turns is required that further the dimensions of the active parts and the Material costs are reduced and that the