DE2311822A1 - METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING CATALYSTS AND THEIR USE FOR MANUFACTURING OXIRANE COMPOUNDS - Google Patents
METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING CATALYSTS AND THEIR USE FOR MANUFACTURING OXIRANE COMPOUNDSInfo
- Publication number
- DE2311822A1 DE2311822A1 DE2311822A DE2311822A DE2311822A1 DE 2311822 A1 DE2311822 A1 DE 2311822A1 DE 2311822 A DE2311822 A DE 2311822A DE 2311822 A DE2311822 A DE 2311822A DE 2311822 A1 DE2311822 A1 DE 2311822A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- catalysts
- percent
- weight
- catalyst
- organodisilazane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006884 silylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002927 oxygen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 hydrocarbon hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 3
- OSDWBNJEKMUWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC=C OSDWBNJEKMUWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001867 hydroperoxy group Chemical group [*]OO[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- GQNOPVSQPBUJKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroperoxyethylbenzene Chemical compound OOC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 GQNOPVSQPBUJKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XRXANEMIFVRKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-methylbutane Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)OO XRXANEMIFVRKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTVZZSMSDRZVED-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC[SiH2]N([SiH3])CC Chemical compound CC[SiH2]N([SiH3])CC HTVZZSMSDRZVED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005046 Chlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVGXAWUYNHSWRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-propan-2-ylsilyl-N-silylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)[SiH2]N([SiH3])C(C)C WVGXAWUYNHSWRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FYABMGZBIRRBQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO.C1=CC=CC=C1 FYABMGZBIRRBQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical class Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002440 hydroxy compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052909 inorganic silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/617—500-1000 m2/g
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/066—Zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0235—Nitrogen containing compounds
- B01J31/0254—Nitrogen containing compounds on mineral substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0272—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing elements other than those covered by B01J31/0201 - B01J31/0255
- B01J31/0274—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing elements other than those covered by B01J31/0201 - B01J31/0255 containing silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/613—10-100 m2/g
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/615—100-500 m2/g
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0203—Impregnation the impregnation liquid containing organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/082—Decomposition and pyrolysis
- B01J37/086—Decomposition of an organometallic compound, a metal complex or a metal salt of a carboxylic acid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/10—Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/12—Oxidising
- B01J37/14—Oxidising with gases containing free oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D301/00—Preparation of oxiranes
- C07D301/02—Synthesis of the oxirane ring
- C07D301/03—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds
- C07D301/19—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with organic hydroperoxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D303/00—Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D303/02—Compounds containing oxirane rings
- C07D303/04—Compounds containing oxirane rings containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring oxygen atoms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/32—Reaction with silicon compounds, e.g. TEOS, siliconfluoride
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/70—Oxidation reactions, e.g. epoxidation, (di)hydroxylation, dehydrogenation and analogues
- B01J2231/72—Epoxidation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Epoxy Compounds (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. Den Haag / NiederlandeSHELL INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. The Hague / Netherlands
"Verfahren zur Herstellung von Katalysatoren und deren Verwendung zur Herstellung von Oxiranverbindungen (Zusatz zu Patent (Patentanmeldung P 21 48 637.3))"Process for the production of catalysts and their use for the production of oxirane compounds (addendum to patent (patent application P 21 48 637.3))
Priorität: 13. März 1972r V.St.A., Nr. 234,301Priority: March 13, 1972 r V.St.A., No. 234,301
Die vorliegende Anmeldung betrifft eine -weitere Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens zur. Herstellung von Katalysatoren und deren VerwendungThe present application relates to a further embodiment of the Procedure for. Manufacture of catalysts and their use
zur Herstellung von Oxiranverbindungen gemäß Patent .,; for the production of oxirane compounds according to patent.,;
(Patentanmeldung P 21 48 6^7.3). | '(Patent application P 21 48 6 ^ 7.3). | '
Gegenstand des älteren Rechts ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von festen, eine anorganische Silicium-Sauerstoffverbindung und ein Metalloxyd und/oder -hydroxyd enthaltenden Katalysatoren und die Verwendung dieser Katalysatoren zur Herstellung von Oxiranen durch Epoxydierung von olefinisch ungesättigten Verbindungen mit Hydroperoxyden gemäß nachstehender allgemeiner GleichungThe subject of the earlier right is a process for the production of solid, an inorganic silicon-oxygen compound and a metal oxide and / or metal hydroxide-containing catalysts and the use of these catalysts for the production of oxiranes by epoxidation of olefinically unsaturated compounds with hydroperoxides according to the general equation below
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ORIGINAL INSPeCTEDORIGINAL INSPeCTED
^C=O, + -C-O-O-H —> >p—A3C + -C-O-H ^ C = O, + -COOH →> p-A3C + -COH
Olefin- Hydroper- Oxiran- Hydroxylrest oxydresfc rest gruppeOlefin- Hydroper- Oxiran-Hydroxylrest oxydresfc rest group
Die gemäß dem Hauptpatent hergestellten Katalysatoren bestehen aus einer anorganischen Sauerstoffverbindung von Silicium und einem Metalloxyd oder -hydroxyd, das vor seiner Verwendung mit einem organischen Silylierungsmittel kontaktiert worden ist. Durch die Verwendung der festen Katalysatoren des Metall/Siliciumoxyd-Typs gemäß dem älteren Recht kann die Selektivität dieser Katalysatoren hinsichtlich der erwünschten Olefin-Epoxyde materiell vergrößert werden.The catalysts produced according to the main patent consist of an inorganic oxygen compound of silicon and a metal oxide or hydroxide, which before its use with a organic silylating agent has been contacted. Through the Use of solid catalysts of the metal / silica type according to the earlier law, the selectivity of these catalysts in terms of the desired olefin-epoxides can be increased materially.
Olefinisch ungesättigte Verbindungen mit 2 bis 60 Kohlenstoffatomen werden beim vorgenannten Epoxydierungsverfahren vorteilhafterweise verwendet. Vorzugsweise werden Alkene mit 3 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, die gegebenenfalls mit einer Hydroxylgruppe^Olefinically unsaturated compounds having 2 to 60 carbon atoms are advantageous in the aforementioned epoxidation process used. Preferably, alkenes with 3 to 40 carbon atoms, optionally with a hydroxyl group ^
substituiert sindare substituted
oder einem Halogenatoi./, wie Propylen, Allylalkohol und Allylchlorid, verwendet. Insbesondere wird Propylen verwendet.or a Halogenatoi./, such as propylene, allyl alcohol and allyl chloride, used. Propylene is used in particular.
Als Hydroperoxydverbindungen können vorteilhafterweise Kohlenwasserstoff-Hydroperoxyde mit 3 bis 2O Kohlenstoffatomen, wie tert.Butylhydroperoxyd, tert.-Pentylhydroperoxyd, und Aralkylhydroperoxyde, bei denen die Hydroperoxygruppe mit dem Kohlenstoffatom einer Alky!seitenkette verbunden ist, das direkt an den aromatischen Ring gebunden ist, wie 1-Phenyläthyl-l-hydrö-Hydroperoxide compounds which can advantageously be used are hydrocarbyl hydroperoxides with 3 to 20 carbon atoms, such as tert-butyl hydroperoxide, tert-pentyl hydroperoxide, and aralkyl hydroperoxides in which the hydroperoxy group is connected to the carbon atom of an alkyl side chain which is bonded directly to the aromatic ring, such as 1-phenylethyl-1-hydro-
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peroxyd und 2-Phenylpropyl-2-hydroperoxyd (die häufig als Äthyl-peroxide and 2-phenylpropyl-2-hydroperoxide (which are often called ethyl
SiSi
benzol-Hydroperoxyd bzw. Cumol-Hydroperoxyd bezeichnet werden) eingesetzt werden.benzene hydroperoxide or cumene hydroperoxide) can be used.
Oxiranverbindungen sind bekanntlich wertvolle Materialien, und viele von ihnen sind handelsübliche Chemikalien, insbesondere Olefinoxyde, wie Äthylenoxyd und Propylenoxyd. Propylenoxyd kann z.B. durch Polymerisieren oder Mischpolymerisieren in wertvolle polymere Produkte überführt werden.Oxirane compounds are known to be valuable materials, and many of them are commercial chemicals, especially olefin oxides, like ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Propylene oxide can be converted into valuable polymers, for example by polymerizing or interpolymerizing Products are transferred.
Die beim Umsetzen erhaltenen Hydroxyverbindungen können gegebenenfalls durch anschließendes Dehydrieren, Hydrieren und Oxydieren wieder in die Hydroperoxydverbindung umgewandelt v/erden.The hydroxy compounds obtained in the reaction can optionally converted back into the hydroperoxide compound by subsequent dehydration, hydrogenation and oxidation.
Insbesondere aus einer festen anorganischen Sauerstoffverbindung von Silicium in chemischer Kombination mit mindestens O,l Gewichtsprozent eines Oxyds oder Hydroxyds von Titan, Molybdän, Vanadium, Zirkonium oder Bor bestehende Katalysatoren weisen nach Behandlung mit einem organischen Silylierungsmittel verbesserteIn particular from a solid inorganic oxygen compound of silicon in chemical combination with at least 0.1 percent by weight An oxide or hydroxide of titanium, molybdenum, vanadium, zirconium or boron existing catalysts show Treatment with an organic silylating agent improved
weisen katalytische Eigenschaften auf. Die,siliciumhaltigen Feststoffe/have catalytic properties. The silicon-containing solids /
vorteilhafterweise eine mittlere spezifische Oberfläche von min-advantageously a mean specific surface of min-
2 22 2
destens 1 m /g und vorzugsweise von 25 bis 800 m /g auf. Vorzugssi Iieiumhaltigeat least 1 m / g and preferably from 25 to 800 m / g. Preferred si Substantial
weise werden / Feststoffe mit einem.SiIiciumoxydgehalt vonare wise / solids with a silicon oxide content of
mindestens 99 Gewichtsprozent verwendet..at least 99 percent by weight used.
Die Katalysatoren enthalten üblicherweise von 0,2 bis 5O Gewichtsprozent Metalloxyde oder -hydroxyde, wie die von Titan,,Vanadium, Bor, Molybdän und Zirkonium. Katalysatoren mit einem Gehalt von O,5 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent eines Oxyds oder Hydroxyds von TitanThe catalysts usually contain from 0.2 to 50 percent by weight Metal oxides or hydroxides, such as those of titanium, vanadium, Boron, molybdenum and zirconium. Catalysts containing 0.5 to 10 percent by weight of an oxide or hydroxide of titanium
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auf Siliciuraoxyd werden vorzugsweise verwendet.on silica are preferably used.
Das Katalysatorgeraisch kann außerdem nicht störende Substanzen, insbesondere solche, die gegenüber den Reaktionskomponenten und Reaktionsprodukten inert sind, wie geringe Mengen an Alkalimetallen oder Erdalkalimetallen, enthalten.The catalyst device can also contain non-interfering substances, especially those that are inert to the reaction components and reaction products, such as small amounts of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals.
Die Katalysatorgemische können mittels einer Vielzahl von Verfahren, die hinsichtlich ihrer Wirkung oder ihres Wirkungsgrades nicht kritisch sind, hergestellt werden. Ein sehr vorteilhaftes Verfahren wird mittels Imprägnieren eines Silicium enthaltenden Trägermaterials mit einer geeigneten Metall enthaltenden Lösung und anschließendem Erhitzen durchgeführt.The catalyst mixtures can be prepared using a variety of methods, which are not critical in terms of their effect or their efficiency. A very beneficial process is made by impregnating a silicon-containing carrier material carried out with a suitable metal-containing solution and subsequent heating.
Geeignete Lösungsmittel zum Imprägnieren sind nicht-basische, Sauerstoff enthaltende Kohlenwasserstoffe, die bei Raumtemperatur und Atmosphärendruck praktisch inert sind und die im allgemeinen 1 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatome enthalten, wie Alkenole, Ketone, -Äther (acyclische und cyclische) und Ester. Hydroxy-- oder oxo-substituicrte Kohlcnwasserstoffe mit 1 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen werden vorzugsweise als Lösungsmittel verwendet. Einwertige Alkenole mit 1 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen, wie Methanol,"Äthanol, Isopropanol und n~Butanol, werden insbesondere .verwendet. Vorzugsweise werden vor dem Calcinieren mindestens 80 Gewichtsprozent des Lösungsmittels aus dem imprägnierten Feststoff entfernt> Suitable solvents for impregnation are non-basic, Oxygen-containing hydrocarbons that are at room temperature and atmospheric pressure are practically inert and which generally contain 1 to 12 carbon atoms, such as alkenols, ketones, - Ethers (acyclic and cyclic) and esters. Hydroxy- or oxo-substituted hydrocarbons with 1 to 8 carbon atoms are preferably used as solvents. Monohydric alkenols with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, such as methanol, "ethanol, Isopropanol and n ~ butanol are used in particular. Preferably at least 80 percent by weight of the solvent is removed from the impregnated solid before calcining>
Geeignete Silylierungsraittel für die Silylierungsbehandlung gemäß dem älteren Recht sind z.B. die ürganosilarie, Organosilyl- Suitable silylation agents for the silylation treatment according to the older law are e.g. the ürganosilaria, organosilyl-
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amine und Organosilazane. Sehr gute Ergebnisse erhält man bei Verwendung von tetrasubstituierten Silanen mit 1 bis 3 Kohlenwasserstoff- und/oder Halogensubstituenten, wie Dichlordimethylsilan und Chlortrimethylsilan.amines and organosilazanes. Very good results are obtained when using tetrasubstituted silanes with 1 to 3 hydrocarbon and / or halogen substituents such as dichlorodimethylsilane and chlorotrimethylsilane.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man auch bei Verwendung bestimmter Organosilazane als Silylierungsmittel für Metalloxydkatalysatoren auf einem Siliciumoxydträgermaterial gute Ergebnisse erhält. Die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung von Organosilazanen als Silylierungsmittel weist außerdem den Vorteil auf, daß bei der Silylierung der Metalloxydkatalysatoren auf dem Siliciumoxydträgermaterial keine korrodierenden Komponenten gebildet werden, was ein Nachteil der Verwendung von Chlorsilanen als Silylierungsmittel ist. Außerdem wurde gefunden, daß die Silylierung unter Verwendung von Organosilazanen im allgemeinen bei niedrigeren Temperaturen als die Silylierung unter Verwendung von Organosilanen durchgeführt werden kann.'Die Selektivität bei Verwendung der erfindungsgemäß silylierten Katalysatoren hinsichtlich gebildetem Epoxyd hat sich als ausgezeichnet erwiesen.It has now been found that even when using certain Organosilazanes as silylating agents for metal oxide catalysts gives good results on a silica support. The use according to the invention of organosilazanes as silylating agents also has the advantage that during the silylation of the metal oxide catalysts, no corrosive components are formed on the silicon oxide support material, which is a disadvantage the use of chlorosilanes as silylating agents. It was also found that using silylation of organosilazanes in general at lower temperatures than the silylation performed using organosilanes The selectivity when using the catalysts silylated according to the invention with regard to epoxide formed has proven to be excellent.
Insbesondere Organodisilazane sind nützliche Silylierungsmittel.Organodisilazanes, in particular, are useful silylating agents.
Die vorliegende Anmeldung betrifft demgemäß ein" Vorfahren zur Herstellung von festen, eine anorganische Silicium/Sauerstoffverbindung und ein Metalloxyd und/oder Hydroxyd enthaltenden Katalysatoren, wobei man entsprechend zusammengesetzte Katalysatoren, gegebenenfalls nach einer Hydratisierung, bei erhöhten Tempera-The present application accordingly relates to an "ancestor for Manufacture of solid, an inorganic silicon / oxygen compound and catalysts containing metal oxide and / or hydroxide, correspondingly composed catalysts, optionally after hydration, at elevated temperatures
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—* Ci *»- * Ci * »
türen mit einem organischen Silylierungsmittel behandelt, nach Patent...... (Patentanmeldung P21 48 637.3)* aas dadurch / ist, daß man als Silylierungsmittel ein Organodisilazan verwendet.doors treated with an organic silylating agent, according to patent ...... (Patent application P21 48 637.3) * aas thereby / is, that an organodisilazane is used as the silylating agent.
Die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Organodisilazane können durch die nachstehende FormelThe organodisilazanes used according to the invention can by the formula below
Si-N- Si- R-Si-N- Si- R-
H - 5 H - 5
dargestellt werden, in der die Reste R-, , R2# R,f R-/ Rj- und Rfi jeweils unabhängig voneinander ein Wasserstoffatom oder eine organische Gruppe sind. Vorzugsweise werden Organodisilazane ver wendet, in denen die verschiedenen Reste R Wasserstoffatome oder Alkylreste mit bis zu 8 Kohlenstoffatomen, wie Methyl-> Xthyl- oder Isopropy!gruppen, sind.are represented in which the radicals R-, R 2 # R, f R- / Rj- and R fi are each independently a hydrogen atom or an organic group. Organodisilazanes in which the various radicals R are hydrogen atoms or alkyl radicals with up to 8 carbon atoms , such as methyl, ethyl or isopropyl groups, are preferably used.
Geeignete Disilazane sind z.B. 1,2-Diäthyldisilazan, 1,1,2,2-Tetramethyldisilazan, 1,1,1,2,2,2-HexamethyldiGxlazan, 1,1,2,2-Tetraäthyldisilazan und 1,2~di-Isop'ropyldisilazan. Vorzugsweise werden gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung organische Disilazane, die als Reste R 4 oder 6 niedere Alkylreste mit 1 bis·4 Kohlenstoffatomen enthalten und insbesondere Hexamethyldisilazan verwendet. Suitable disilazanes are, for example, 1,2-diethyldisilazane, 1,1,2,2-tetramethyldisilazane, 1,1,1,2,2,2-hexamethyldiGxlazane, 1,1,2,2-tetraethyldisilazane and 1,2-di-isopropyldisilazane. Preferably According to the present invention, organic disilazanes which have R 4 or 6 lower alkyl radicals with 1 to 4 carbon atoms as radicals contain and in particular hexamethyldisilazane used.
Im allgemeinen enthalten die erfindungsgemäß zu silylierenden Katalysatoren von 0,2 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf den gesamten Katalysator, an einem Oxyd oder Hydroxyd von Titan,In general, contain those to be silylated according to the invention Catalysts from 0.2 to 10 percent by weight, based on the total catalyst, of an oxide or hydroxide of titanium,
3098397110930983971109
Vanadium, Bor, Molybdän und Zirkonium in chemischer Kombination mit Siliciumoxyd und/oder einem anorganischen Silikat. Sehr geeignete Katalysatoren enthalten von 0,5 bis 8 Gewichtsprozent eines Oxyds oder Hydroxyds von Titan in chemischer Kombination mit Siliciumoxyd. Insbesondere wird ein Katalysator zur erfindungsgemäßen Behandlung verwendet, der im wesentlichen aus Siliciumoxyd in chemischer Kombination mit von 0,5 bis 5 Gewichtsprozent an Titanoxyd besteht.Vanadium, boron, molybdenum and zirconium in chemical combination with silicon oxide and / or an inorganic silicate. Very suitable Catalysts contain from 0.5 to 8 percent by weight of an oxide or hydroxide of titanium in chemical combination with silicon oxide. In particular, a catalyst is used for the treatment according to the invention which consists essentially of silicon oxide in chemical combination with from 0.5 to 5 percent by weight of titanium oxide.
Die erfindungsgemäß zu behandelnden Katalysatorgemische können außerdem nicht störende Substanzen und/oder Katalysatorpromotoren enthalten. Geeignete Promotoren sind z.B. die Alkalimetalle oder Erdalkalimetalle als Oxyde oder Hydroxyde. Das Alkalimetall wird vorzugsweise in einer Menge von 0,01 bis 5 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf den gesamten Katalysator, verwendet.Ein ausgezeichnet für die erfindungsgemäße Silylierung geeigneter Katalysator besteht i-m wesentlichen aus Siliciumoxyd in chemischer Kombination mit von 0,5 bis 5 Gewichtsprozent Titanoxyd und von 0,01 bis 5 Gewichtsprozent an Calcium in Form von Calciurnoxyd, als Katalysatorpromotor«The catalyst mixtures to be treated according to the invention can also contain non-interfering substances and / or catalyst promoters. Suitable promoters are, for example, the alkali metals or alkaline earth metals as oxides or hydroxides. The alkali metal is preferably excellent in an amount of 0.01 to 5 weight percent, based on the total catalyst, verwendet.Ein is for the inventive silylation catalyst suitable i- m Wese New Testament of silicon oxide in chemical combination with from 0.5 to 5 weight percent Titanium oxide and from 0.01 to 5 percent by weight of calcium in the form of calcium oxide, as a catalyst promoter «
(Patentanmeldung P 21 48 637«3) Die Silylierung kann gemäß der Lehre des Iiauptpatentes ....../ viele Arten durchgeführt v/erden. Die Silylierung kann absatzweise oder in einem halbkontinuierlichen oder kontinuierlichen Verfahren durchgeführt v/erden. Es wurde gefunden, daß. man unabhängig von dem im Einzelfall verwendeten Verfahren die besten Ergebnisse erzielt, wenn die entsprechende Silylierung unter Verwendung von Organodi.silazanen bei Temperaturen von 100 bis 450 C,(Patent application P 21 48 637 «3) The silylation can according to the teaching of the main patent ...... / carried out in many ways. The silylation can be carried out in batches or carried out in a semi-batch or continuous process. It was found that. one independent The best results from the method used in the individual case are obtained when using the appropriate silylation of organodi.silazanes at temperatures from 100 to 450 C,
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vorzugsweise von 100 bis 300°C und insbesondere von 150 bis 25O°C, durchgeführt wird.preferably from 100 to 300 ° C and in particular from 150 to 250 ° C, is carried out.
Die für die Umsetzung des Silylierungsmittels mit der Katalysator-Oberfläche erforderliche Zeitspanne hängt zum Teil von der verwendeten Temperatur ab. Im allgemeinen reicht eine Zeitspanne von 0,1 bis 48 Stunden aus. Bei Verwendung von OrganosilazanenThe one responsible for the reaction of the silylating agent with the catalyst surface The amount of time required depends in part on the temperature used. In general, a period of time is sufficient from 0.1 to 48 hours. When using organosilazanes
wird die Silylierung vorteilhafterweise 0,1 bis 5 Stunden durchge- >the silylation is advantageously carried out for 0.1 to 5 hours >
führt.leads.
Es können erheblich schwankende Mengen an Silylierungsmittel verwendet werden. Geeigneterweise werden von 1 bis 75 Gewichtsprozent und vorzugsweise von 2 bis 50 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf das gesamte Katalysatorgemisch, an Silylierungsmittel verwendet. Die Silylierungsbehandlung kann einige male wiederholt werden. Aus Gründen eines wirtschaftlichen Betriebs wird jedoch im allgemeinen eine einmalige Behandlung bevorzugt.Significantly varying amounts of silylating agent can be used will. Suitably from 1 to 75 weight percent and preferably from 2 to 50 weight percent based on the entire catalyst mixture, used in silylating agent. The silylation treatment can be repeated several times. For reasons of economic operation, however, in general a single treatment is preferred.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß sich die besten Ergebnisse häufig erzielen lassen, wenn man den Metall/Siliciumoxydkatalysator vor der Silylierung hydratisiert. Das Hydratisierungsverfahren besteht aus dem Kontaktieren des Katalysators C Vor der Silylierung) mit Wasser und anschließendem 0,5- bis 6stündigem Erhitzen oder Kontaktieren des Katalysators mit Dampf bei erhöhten Temperaturen von im allgemeinen oberhalb 1OO°C und vorzugsweise von 150 bis 45O°C. Bei Verwendung von Organodisilazanen als Silylierungsmittel werden die besten Ergebnisse erzielt, wenn die Hydratisierung durch 1- bis 6stündiges Kontaktieren mit DampfIt has now been found that the best results are often achieved when hydrating the metal / silica catalyst prior to silylation. The hydration process exists from contacting the catalyst C before the silylation) with water and then heating for 0.5 to 6 hours or Contacting the catalyst with steam at elevated temperatures generally above 100 ° C, and preferably from 150 to 450 ° C. When using organodisilazanes as silylating agents For best results, hydration is achieved by contacting with steam for 1 to 6 hours
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bei Temperaturen von 300 bis 45O°C durchgeführt wird.is carried out at temperatures of 300 to 450 ° C.
Das Beispiel erläutert die Erfindung.The example illustrates the invention.
B e i s ρ 1 e 1B e i s ρ 1 e 1
Eine Probe von 1480 g technischem Silicagel (Hersteller Davison I.D., Siliciumoxyd mit einer Teilchengröße von 0,595 bis 1,41 mm) wird mit einer Lösung von 130 g Tetraisopropyltitanat und 97 g Acetylaceton in 1,25 Liter Isopropanol kontaktiert. Das imprägnierte Silicagel wird in ein elektrisch beheiztes Calzinierungsrohr überführt und unter Stickstoff auf eine Bett-Temperatur von 500 C erhitzt. Man läßt dann Luft eintreten und erhöht die Temperatur auf 800 C. Diese Temperatur wird zum Wegbrennen des rest-A sample of 1480 g technical silica gel (manufacturer Davison I.D., silicon oxide with a particle size of 0.595 to 1.41 mm) is contacted with a solution of 130 g of tetraisopropyl titanate and 97 g of acetylacetone in 1.25 liters of isopropanol. The impregnated Silica gel is transferred to an electrically heated calcination tube and heated to a bed temperature of 500 C heated. Air is then allowed in and the temperature is increased to 800 C. This temperature is used to burn away the remaining
zur Herstellung einer
liehen Kohlenstoffs und / engen chemischen Verbindung des SiIiciumoxyds
mit dem Titan 4 Stunden lang aufrechterhalten und dann 1183 g des auf diese Weise hergestellten Materials durch dreistündiges
Kontaktieren mit Dampf bei 4000C wieder hydratisiert. Das wiederhydratisxerte Material wird auf 2000C abgekühlt und
dann eine Stunde bei 2000C mit Hexamethyldisilazandampf kontaktiert,
wodurch man einen erfindungsgemäß gilylierten Katalysator
erhält. Der Katalysator nimmt 75 g Hexamethyldisilazan auf.to produce a
Lent carbon and / close chemical connection of the silicon oxide with the titanium maintained for 4 hours and then 1183 g of the material produced in this way by contacting with steam at 400 0 C for three hours again hydrated. The wiederhydratisxerte material is cooled to 200 0 C and then contacted for one hour at 200 0 C with hexamethyldisilazane vapor, thereby obtaining a catalyst according to the invention gilylierten. The catalyst takes up 75 g of hexamethyldisilazane.
Der vorstehend beschriebene Katalysator sowie ein ähnlicher Katalysator, der jedoch nicht mit Hexamethyldisilazan behandelt worden ist, werden hinsichtlich ihrer katalytischen Wirkung bei der Epoxydierung von Olefinen verglichen. In jedem Prüfversuch wirdThe catalyst described above and a similar catalyst, However, which has not been treated with hexamethyldisilazane, are in terms of their catalytic effect in the Epoxidation of olefins compared. In each test,
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des jeweiligen Katalysators
eine lg-Probe/in einem 100 ml fassenden' Glasreaktionsgefäß mit
17 g Qcten-1 und 28,6 g einer 12gewichtsprozentigen Lösung von
Äth^lbenzolhydroperoxyd in Äthylbenzol kontaktiert. Die Reaktion wird eine Stunde bei 1OO°C durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse sind in
der nachstehenden Tabelle zusammengefaßt»of the respective catalyst
a lg sample / in a 100 ml glass reaction vessel with 17 g Qcten-1 and 28.6 g of a 12 weight percent solution of Äth ^ lbenzolhydroperoxid in ethylbenzene contacted. The reaction is carried out at 100 ° C. for one hour. The results are summarized in the table below »
T a h e 1· 1 eT a h e 1 · 1 e
Katalysator Hydroperoxydumwand- Epoxidselektivi-Catalyst hydroperoxide wall epoxy selective
lungsgrad (%) tat (%)degree of efficiency (%) did (%)
ünsilyliert 95 ·' 72unsilylated 95 · '72
Silyliert 95 93Silylated 95 93
Aus den Werten der vorstehenden Tabelle wird deutlich, daß der silylierte Katalysator eine erheblich höhere Selektivität hinsichtlich des erwünschten Epoxyds aufweist.From the values in the table above it is clear that the silylated catalyst has a significantly higher selectivity with regard to the desired epoxy.
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Claims (21)
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US00234301A US3829392A (en) | 1970-10-01 | 1972-03-13 | Heterogeneous catalysts for olefin epoxidation |
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DE2311822A Expired DE2311822C2 (en) | 1972-03-13 | 1973-03-09 | Process for the production of catalysts of the metal / Si-oxide type and their use for the production of oxirane compounds |
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AR (1) | AR196234A1 (en) |
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DE3734138A1 (en) * | 1987-10-09 | 1989-04-20 | Scharmer Klaus Dr Ing | ACID CATALYST AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE CATALYST |
WO1997020630A1 (en) * | 1995-12-02 | 1997-06-12 | Studiengesellschaft Kohle Mbh | Amorphous, microporous mixed oxide catalysts with controlled surface polarity for selective heterogeneous catalysis, adsorption and material separation |
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JPS5253678A (en) * | 1975-10-29 | 1977-04-30 | Hitachi Ltd | Semiconductor integrated circuit and productin of the same |
JPS63120437A (en) * | 1986-11-10 | 1988-05-24 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Structure of semiconductor integrated circuit |
CN101142021B (en) | 2005-02-17 | 2012-04-18 | 英国石油勘探运作有限公司 | Silyl-modified catalyst and use of this catalyst for the conversion of synthesis gas to hydrocarbons |
JP2007031449A (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2007-02-08 | Repsol Quimica Sa | Method for epoxidization of olefinic compound with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of solvent |
EP2185281A1 (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2010-05-19 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process for stabilising a fischer tropsch catalyst |
TWI628146B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2018-07-01 | 東聯化學股份有限公司 | Preparation method and application of titanium-containing cerium oxide material with high thermal stability |
CN113636991A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-12 | 中国天辰工程有限公司 | Synthesis method of epoxy cyclohexane |
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US3391214A (en) * | 1967-06-12 | 1968-07-02 | Shell Oil Co | Isoprene production from isopentane via hydroperoxide |
JPS5440526A (en) * | 1977-09-07 | 1979-03-30 | Toshiba Corp | Integrated drawing processor |
-
1973
- 1973-02-13 CA CA163,568A patent/CA1015761A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-03-08 BE BE1004871A patent/BE796437R/en active
- 1973-03-09 JP JP2721573A patent/JPS5635941B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-03-09 GB GB1145673A patent/GB1424284A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-03-09 FR FR7308484A patent/FR2175844B2/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-03-09 ES ES412496A patent/ES412496A2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-03-09 AR AR246987A patent/AR196234A1/en active
- 1973-03-09 NO NO953/73A patent/NO143520C/en unknown
- 1973-03-09 IE IE388/73A patent/IE37389B1/en unknown
- 1973-03-09 DE DE2311822A patent/DE2311822C2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-03-09 ZA ZA731655A patent/ZA731655B/en unknown
- 1973-03-09 BR BR731701A patent/BR7301701D0/en unknown
- 1973-03-09 CH CH352473A patent/CH582021A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-03-09 SE SE7303377A patent/SE409034B/en unknown
- 1973-03-09 DK DK131673A patent/DK150593C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-03-09 IT IT21417/73A patent/IT1053715B/en active
- 1973-03-12 NL NLAANVRAGE7303415,A patent/NL168835C/en active
-
1974
- 1974-02-09 ES ES423071A patent/ES423071A1/en not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-02-25 SE SE7602414A patent/SE415146B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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NICHTS-ERMITTELT * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3734138A1 (en) * | 1987-10-09 | 1989-04-20 | Scharmer Klaus Dr Ing | ACID CATALYST AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE CATALYST |
WO1997020630A1 (en) * | 1995-12-02 | 1997-06-12 | Studiengesellschaft Kohle Mbh | Amorphous, microporous mixed oxide catalysts with controlled surface polarity for selective heterogeneous catalysis, adsorption and material separation |
US6121187A (en) * | 1995-12-02 | 2000-09-19 | Studiengesellschaft Kohle Mbh | Amorphous, microporous mixed oxide catalysts with controlled surface polarity for selective heterogeneous catalysis, adsorption and material separation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO143520C (en) | 1981-03-04 |
SE7602414L (en) | 1976-02-25 |
CA1015761A (en) | 1977-08-16 |
JPS492795A (en) | 1974-01-11 |
IE37389B1 (en) | 1977-07-06 |
BE796437R (en) | 1973-09-10 |
DE2311822C2 (en) | 1982-11-04 |
AU5316473A (en) | 1974-09-12 |
IT1053715B (en) | 1981-10-10 |
FR2175844A2 (en) | 1973-10-26 |
NL168835B (en) | 1981-12-16 |
IE37389L (en) | 1973-09-13 |
SE409034B (en) | 1979-07-23 |
NO143520B (en) | 1980-11-24 |
NL7303415A (en) | 1973-09-17 |
NL168835C (en) | 1982-05-17 |
JPS5635941B2 (en) | 1981-08-20 |
AR196234A1 (en) | 1973-12-10 |
ZA731655B (en) | 1974-01-30 |
ES423071A1 (en) | 1976-06-16 |
FR2175844B2 (en) | 1976-09-10 |
ES412496A2 (en) | 1976-03-01 |
DK150593B (en) | 1987-04-06 |
BR7301701D0 (en) | 1974-07-11 |
GB1424284A (en) | 1976-02-11 |
SE415146B (en) | 1980-09-15 |
DK150593C (en) | 1987-11-23 |
CH582021A5 (en) | 1976-11-30 |
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