DE2305252A1 - Blasting device - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorney

Dr. Ing.H. Negandank

DIpI. Ing H. Hwk - Dipl. ¹ ^ y _eighth. W. Schmitz

Dipl. Ina. E. GraaÜJ- D? Pl. ; ■ θ ^{> Λ} 'Wohnert'

8! Tiäiickoa 2, Mszari £ äira3e 2Ϊ

Telephone 5330586

Tile .Bendix Corporation
Executive Offices ₍
! ßendix Center

Southfield, Me. 48Ü75 'January 27, 1973

USA * Attorney File M-2505

• · Explosive device

The invention relates to an improved explosive device for detonation detonators and the like. The invention relates in particular to an alternating current operated explosive device with capacitor discharge, that can be remotely controlled from a safe distance.

Include electrical devices for igniting spreader devices Mainly a power source, a transformer for iiocixtransformation of the input voltage, one through the Transfor-f rnator charged storage capacitor and an ignition or Trigger price, over which the energy stored in the capacitor

'is discharged to ignite an explosive device. i) ie iw capacitor stored energy is also used by the explosive device of an automatic or nanca-operated ignition circuit.

[ under certain language rules i / ie they are in tunnels and i>crgv;

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shafts are carried out, up to 150 detonators generally have to be connected in parallel, mainly because because such a circuit allows the detonators to be switched on quickly with the least chance of firing. To be sure ^ - to ensure that all detonators ignite, the explosive device must always emit a given minimum amount of energy when it is ignited, otherwise not all of the capsules will necessarily be ignited Need to become.

Furthermore, during blasting work with 150 detonators, safety requires that the operator is located at a considerable distance from the detonators. Therefore, the explosive device is currently set up at a considerable distance from the detonators. In this case, however, it is necessary that extremely long lines are laid between the detonators and the detonator, which results in a considerable loss of energy when the capacitor in the detonator is discharged. In some cases, stored energy can go up to 90 / or blasting apparatus in leading to the detonators lines lost. Of course, this loss reduces the total number of detonators that the Appai * has to detonate and, in no small measure, increases the possibility of dangerous misfires.

According to the invention, a remote-controlled explosive device is provided, so that shorter lines can be laid between the explosive device and the detonators, whereby most of the im Explosive device-stored tineries are discharged onto the detonator capsules

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and is not lost due to the long lead wires. ! Furthermore, a remotely controlled explosive device is provided according to the invention, the explosives detonate when it reaches a certain energy level.

The invention consists of an explosive device, characterized by 'a module for remote control that can only be operated by two lines with your explosive or detonating module connected. Obwoül the building block for remote control is only connected to the explosive module by two lines, to which one or more detonators are connected it controls the energy transferred to the storage capacitor located in the explosive device, grants a Safety indicator when the capacitor approaches a certain charge level, at which the detonators are detonated and has a switch that prevents the detonators from being detonated, ene the capacitor has its own set level of energy. j or has reached its certain charge level.

One example of the explosive device according to the invention comprises two building blocks. The first component includes: a storage capacitor, a transformer, and an ignition circuit for automatiiscnen Lntladung aes capacitor when it reaches a certain painiuii ^ spegel. The second, with only two lines to the first connected module, contains: an electrical circuit; to generate a voltage, which is proportional to the voltage η al, as a, u ix-uiiuensator i / u first module is applied, where j iiiöse ele ^ triscae iceconnection has an indicator ^ uly ^ caen, because: 5 lights up, weau ORiGINAL INSPECTED _ ₄ __ |

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»I measure the voltage of the storage capacitor in the first component approaches a point at which the ignition circuit discharges the capacitor; In addition, a switch is provided for switching the energy supplied to the second module on and off.

The object of the invention is to provide a safe and effective to create remote-controlled explosive devices. Furthermore, a new type of Spragapparat should be created with the invention, It allows its energy storage part to be close to the one to be ignited To accommodate explosives, which makes it possible to transfer the greatest possible amount of energy from the energy store to the ignition device for the explosives to be transferred while discharging the energy storage from a considerable distance can be controlled. In a further embodiment of the invention, a new type of explosive device is created which is Control from being remotely controlled from a safe distance cann and which is connected to an explosion module with only two lines, which in turn is connected to an ignition bridge or the like connected is. According to the invention it should also be prevented that the energy from a capacitor reaches the detonators, 3 until a certain energy consumption is available in the capacitor. Jodann is provided according to the invention that the capacitor of 3 is charged from a remote-controlled alternating current source in order to interrupt the power supply to the detonators at any time, the capacitor has reached the specific charge level at which it discharges. Furthermore, according to the invention, a circuit can be created, in which the capacitor can quickly be loaded The correct voltage level can be charged via just two lines!

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that both supply the capacitor with energy,, and control the discharge of the capacitor. The invention then also provides a novel method for triggering the discharge a storage capacitor to an explosive device. According to the invention is also a safe and reliable explosive device provided that does not discharge its energy until its capacitor has reached a certain energy level. In the end With the invention, a novel and remotely controlled electrical device for automatic ignition is electrically acted upon Explosive charges and similar ignition devices such as ignition bridges were created.

The invention is explained in more detail below. All in the description Features and measures contained may be essential to the invention Be meaning. In the drawings is:

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the explosive device according to the invention. 2 shows the circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment

the circuit for the explosive apparatus shown in FIG.

Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of the explosive device according to the invention. The main components of the device include the remote control module 10 and the detonator module 20 which is attached to the detonators or similar devices. The control module 10 contains the charging circuit 2 and the display circuit 4. The explosive module 20 includes the energy storage circuit 3 and the ignition circuit 7, dec contains the pulse generator 5, which generates pulses when the energy storage element contains a certain energy

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• - ο -

tiiveau reached as well as the ignition circuit 8, which discharges the stored Energy allowed through the load 9.

A normal 115 V AC voltage is applied to the charging circuit 2, the is transmitted from him to the energy storage circuit 3 of the explosive device 20. The loading circuit 2 is preferably operated by hand, around the 115 V AC voltage that is supplied via the control module 10 ien energy storage 3 arrives to be switched on or off.

3rd voltage display circuit 4 gives an audible or visual display, irenn the energy stored in the energy store 3 is a certain one Level reached. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the voltage indicator has a small indicator light that provides a visual indication when the energy stored in the energy store 3 Energy reaches a certain level. A special feature of the remote control module 10 is that it is attached to the explosive > Austin 20 is only connected via two electrical linespi. This is the task of supplying power to the explosive device 20 With the display of the energy level in the energy store 3, the two identical electrical lines are used.

i) he energy store 3 is preferably a capacitor with a "ransformator and a rectifier circuit. The purpose of the transformer consists in the upward transfer of the input voltage on 115 V. In the event that the explosive device is not in use, a discharge resistor connected to the capacitor is used. Stand for discharging the remaining energy of the capacitor.

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The pulse generator 5 is an electrical circuit that automatically generates a number of electrical pulses when the energy storage circuit 3 reaches a certain energy level. This energy level can be determined by the circuit design or by manual control. The pulse generator generates Pulses which arrive at the trigger part 8 of the ignition circuit 7 in order to transfer the energy stored in the energy storage circuit 3 to the load to unload. The trigger circuit 8 comprises a gas conductor with three electrodes, the trigger or ignition electrode when applied one or more pulses of the pulse generator 5 controls the other two electrodes that are connected to the energy storage circuit 3 are connected in series, as a result of which the energy stored in circuit 3 can be discharged to load 9. The shown explosive device automatically discharges the energy stored in the energy storage circuit when a certain value is reached, if not the charger The circuit of the remote control module 10 is interrupted before the energy storage circuit 3 reaches its intended energy level can.

Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment: of the remote-controlled explosive device with normal alternating voltage of 115 V in connection with the transformer 151 and a bridge rectifier, works to charge the storage capacitor, which is then discharged to a detonator, a To ignite ignition bridge or other similar device. the

[dashed lines denote lines outlining parts of the circuit ! the remote control module 10, which the charging circuit 2 for the

ppannuras display circuit 4 contains as well as the explosive device 20, which ! ■ -8-

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"■ ο ~"

contains the energy storage circuit 3 and the ignition circuit 7.

The charging circuit 2 of the remote control module 10 contains the input terminals 13.1 for the mains AC voltage of 115 V, one or more fuses 133, 134 to protect the circuit against overload, the charging switch 135 for switching the voltage on and off for the control module 10 and thus for the explosive module 20, the current limiting circuit formed from resistors 111, 112, 113, 114 and 115 and the selector switch 116 with a number of switching stages to increase or decrease the current for the explosive device 20. The output of the charging circuit consists of only two lines 21 and 22, which connect the remote control module 10 to the explosive module 20 ¹ . The length of these connecting lines 20, 21 is variable from 0 to 15 24 m (0 to 5000 feet); thus the resistance or impedance of these lines can have a wide variety of effects on the circuit. The task of the resistors 111-115 is to compensate for this effect by selecting the switch stage 116, which adapts the length of the lines 21 and 22, whereby the The impedance of this Leitunpi and that of one of the resistors 111-115 can be kept largely uniform. For example, this circuit is designed for a maximum line length of 1524 m (5000 feet), which corresponds to switch position A. If, in addition, shorter lines are used, which means a reduction in resistance, a resistance value is added to the circuit in order to keep the total resistance of the circuit largely uniform. The circuit shown shows adjustment possibilities for lines in multiples of 1000 feet (304, S m)

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from 5000 feet at point Λ to 0 feet at point B. Finer or coarser switching steps can be provided by increasing or decreasing the number or the values of the resistors 111-115. Another solution to this problem would be to strand the secondary winding of the transformer 119 with taps and thus create the compensation for a certain line length. Instead of the transformer with taps, an infinitely variable voltage divider or a voltage divider with taps can be provided for setting the compensation voltage for different line lengths.

The voltage display circuit 4 contains the £ ρ annungs network with the resistors 129, 120 and 121, with the transformer 119, the capacitors 122 and 125, the diodes 123uid 124 and the indicator lamp 118. The transformer 119 is designed so that the voltage of the secondary winding 126 for which is phase-shifted by ISO via the voltage on the output lines 21 and 22 of the control module. The indicator lamp 118, which lights up when the voltage applied to inm is proportional to the voltage on capacitor 160 in explosive module 20, is connected in parallel with resistors 120, 121. The resistor 120 is preferably controllable by a hand so that the indicator light 118 can be set to light up fourth at a number of selected voltages. The purpose of the small indicator 118 is to issue a warning for the operation of the explosive device that the voltage on the capacitor 160 approaches the value at which the explosive device ignites. Thus, the display circuit 4 scans the voltage on the storage capacitor 160 from the distance

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and gives a visual in the. Listening display when the voltage of the storage capacitor is in the range of approx. 300 V of the specified ignition voltage. Under operating conditions, the resistor 129 generates a voltage which is proportional to the current in the connection lines and in the primary winding 150 of the transformer 151. The voltage at resistor 129 is impressed on primary winding 128 of compensation transformer 119. Thus, the voltage applied to the secondary winding 126 of the compensation transformer 119 is proportional to the voltage applied to the resistor 129 and is 180 out of phase with respect to the voltage applied to the points A and E. The turns ratio of windings 126 and 128 is chosen so that the voltage of winding 126 is equal to the voltage drop due to the resistance of the connecting lines at maximum length plus the voltage drop due to the resistance of the power transformer 151 The voltage applied to the lines 21 and 22 aa explosive device 20 is phase shifted by 180, a resultant voltage is applied to the capacitor 122 which is proportional to the voltage of the capacitor 160 that acts back on the primary winding 150 of the transformer 151. This circuit arrangement thus results in a voltage at the capacitor 122 which is proportional to the voltage on capacitor 160. The capacitors 125 and 122 together with the diodes 12 and 124 form a voltage doubler. The resistors 120 and 121 allow the bin division of the voltage display level as well as the discharge of the capacitor 122 when the power transformer 151 is not receiving current.

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j The energy storage circuit 3 comprises the transformer 151, the

j Bridge rectifier with diodes 153, 154, 155 and 156, the [Storage capacitor 160 and the discharge resistor 161. At the The primary winding 150 of the transformer 151 is that of the remote control module 10 via the lines 21 and 2 2 transmitted energy. The secondary winding 152 of the transformer 151 forms the input of the back level enters Ί53-156, which is the condenser 160 supplied with energy. The resistor 161 is connected in parallel to the capacitor 160 in order to divert residual charges may remain in the capacitor 160 when the explosive device is not used. If at the inputs 131 of the remote control module an AC voltage of 115 V is applied and the switch 135 connects the terminals C and D, then the am Capacitor 160 available maximum charge about 6000 V. However, voltages of this magnitude are generally not required, and an additional voltage control loop (not shown) can be connected to limit the voltage on capacitor 160 will. In this embodiment, the capacitor 160 can be charged to an energy level of 400 J within 12 seconds if a constant alternating voltage of 115 V and a capacitor of 200 µF are used.

The pulse generator 5 of the ignition circuit 7 comprises the two electrode spark discharge lines 170, the resistor 182, the capacitor 181 and the winding 183 of the transformer 184. In Be-I The 2-electrode spark discharge path 170 remains driven for as long

blocked like the voltage ί present at the storage capacitor 160

I ■ ·

! is lower than the ignition voltage of the spark discharge gap T70.i

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When the voltage applied to the storage capacitor 160 exceeds the ignition voltage the discharge path exceeds 170, then ignites Spark gap, whereby the current through the capacitor 181 to the Primary winding 183 of the transformer * 184 can get. If the If the voltage applied to the capacitor 181 increases, the voltage applied to the spark discharge gap 170 drops until it does returns to its original state. Now the capacitor 181 discharges through the resistor 182. When the at the Spark discharge gap 170 voltage applied again until the ignition potential rises, then the spark discharge gap conducts again and the cycle repeats itself. If in this exemplary embodiment the preferred voltage on capacitor 160 is reached and the pulse generator generates pulses, then these pulses arrive to the ignition circuit 8, via which the capacitor 160 is discharged.

The trigger circuit 8 of the ignition circuit 7 comprises the three-electrode spark discharge gap 180, the secondary winding 185 of the transformer 184 for stepping up the voltage from the pulse generator 5 applied pulses and for forwarding these pulses to the ignition electrode of the spark discharge gap 180 across resistor 186. Wfinn under operating conditions the voltage of capacitor 160 is lower than the ignition voltage the spark gap 170, then no pulses reach the spark discharge gap 180, as a result of which the detonators (not shown) connected to the output terminals 190 cannot ignite. If the voltage of the capacitor 160 is equal to or greater than the ignition voltage of the spark gap 170, then pulses occur

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at the primary winding 183 of the step-up transformer 184 ', the then reach the ignition electrode of the spark discharge gap 180 via the resistor 186. Then this is ionized, and it If a current can flow through the two main electrodes, what would happen? sicn the low energy storage capacitor 160 via the to the output terminals 190 attached detonators (not shown) discharges

The circuit of FIG. 2 works as follows: When the remote control unit is connected to an alternating voltage source (normal 115 V alternating voltage at the inputs 131) and the switch 135 is open, the resistor 161 conducts the one stored in the capacitor 160 Energy. When the switch 135 is closed) ₃ , current flows to the flow control module 10 and to the explosive module 20. When the voltage of the capacitor 160 increases, the voltage across the capacitor 122 and the resistors 120 and 121 also increases accordingly. When the voltage on the capacitor 160 approaches the ignition potential of the spark discharge path 170, the voltage across the resistors 120 and 121 is high enough to make the indicator lamp 118 light up. Now the operator knows that capacitor 160 is about to discharge and detonate the explosives. The operator can now release the discharge or open the switch 135, whereby the energy transfer from the control module 10 to the capacitor 160 is interrupted, whereupon the charging of the energy stored in the capacitor 160 begins via the resistor 161. When the energy stored in capacitor 160 reaches a certain level, the pulse generator begins to generate trigger pulses. This occurs when the spark discharge

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stretch 170 reaches its ignition voltage. Meanwhile, the indicator lamp 118 lights up and does not go out. When the in the condenser stored energy reaches the specified level, then stored the trigger pulses to the transformer 184 and cause the spark discharge gap 1.80 to conduct, thereby reducing the energy of the capacitor 160 to the detonators (not shown) connected to the outputs 190 and discharge the explosives can ignite.

In the case of a perfectly working system, the one shown in FIG. 2 was used Blasting device operated with normal AC voltage of 115V ben and the switching components had the values and type designations listed below:

Capacitor 125 3.0, uF, 200 V «- '

Capacitor 181 .025 - .03 uF, 3 KV

Capacitor 160 400 uB, 2.5 KV

Capacitor 122 3.OuF, 200 V—

Fuses 133,134 5 A

Neon lamp 118 GE-3AJ-A

Resistor 120 0-20 kOhm, 2W

Resistor 121 10 kOhm, 1W resistors 111,112,113,

114.115 5 ohms, 25W

Resistor 129 5 ohms, 25W

Resistor 161 100 kOhm, 25W

Resistor 182 20 megohms, 1W

Resistor 186 1 kOhm, 5W

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! Resistor 189 diodes 123,124 Diodes 153,154,155,156 Spark discharge path

Three-electrode spark discharge gap

Transformer transformer transformer Switch 135 switch 116

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10 kOhm, 1OW

1N649 (6Ü0 V, 400 mA) Motorola MR 995A, 4000 V 2200 V = (ignition voltage)

Bendix Corp., Sidney, N.Y., Part No.

10-374121-14

3750 V = (ignition voltage) Bendix Corp., Sidney, N.Y.

Part no. 28615-39 Core A28, without air gap Primary 400T No. 21 Secondary 15.00OT No.

Ferramic core 3/8 "0 Primary 4T No. 20 Secondary 32T No. 20 core H-6, without air gap Primary 37OT No. 23 Secondary 24OOT No. 31 2-pole

Bendix Corp., Sidney, N.Y.

Part no. 10-348773-1 Cutler Hammer Part No. 7 261K13

In addition to the embodiment described above, others are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. At- ! For example, certain features of the invention may be in some

I cases can be used advantageously without certain other traits.

! . ■ -16-

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j For example, various semiconductors and semiconductor control devices replaced by types other than those shown.

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Claims (1)

Patent attorneys Dr. Ing.H. Negendank. Dipl Ina. H. Haet. ": - Dr; l Phys. W. Schmitz ÖDiliWWehnert nöLp 8 Müachcn 2, WSozaiistraße 25 «M. UJ- - __ ^ - phone 5380586 Cue Bendix Lorpoi & ion ' Executive offices
iendix center fcouthfield, Hicii. 48075 January 27, 1973 pSA lawyer file M-25 Claims 1.) Explosive device for the ignition of detonators or the like, characterized in that it comprises the following assemblies: Hirai control module (10) with a charging circuit (2) and a Voltage display circuit (4), an explosive device (20) with a Energy storage circuit (3), a pulse generator (5) and a trigger circuit (6) and because the control structure at (10) is physically separated from the explosive module (20), but electrically connected to it, the explosive module (20) in the the detonating capsules (9) is arranged. j2. Explosive apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the : Control module (10) and the explosive module (20) through two lines (21,22) are connected to each other in the ünergiespeicuerkreis (3) one at the terminals of the primary winding (150) Transformer (151) ends whose secondary winding (152) the üiuyan ^ a Gleicurienterbrücke (153,156) represents, which j aas Lnergiespeichereleiuent (160) supplied with energy and da-i uurci, (.tau the ueiden lines (21,22) - -18- ' 309832/0549 both supply the Hnergiespeiciierelement (160) with power and also control its discharge. 3. Spienispparat according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the control module (10) consists of resistors (111,115) and a current limiting network Selector switch (116) comprises which can be switched to a number of SMlen (A, B), whereby the current in the Explosive module (20) increased or decreased. 4. Explosive apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the voltage display circuit (4) is a transformer (119) which is arranged and whose windings (128,126) are wound so that the voltage is applied its secondary winding (126) compared to that on the output lines (21,22) of the control module (10) applied voltage is 180 out of phase. 5. Blasting apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the voltage indicator circuit (4) contains an indicator lamp (118), via a voltage doubler (122,125,123,124) with the Secondary winding (126) of the transformer (119) is connected. 6. explosive apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the Voltage doubler (12 2,125,123,124) an energy storage element (122) which is charged to a resulting voltage proportional to the voltage of the ünergiespe cherelementes (160) is in the .unergy storage circuit (3), which is based on the -19- 30983-2 / 0549 Primary winding (150) of the transformer (151) acts back, so j as in that the indicator lamp (118) for energy storage! element (122) is connected in parallel. J7. Explosive apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the Indicator lamp (118) is connected in parallel via the resistors (120, 121) to the energy storage element (122), whereby the level of the display voltage of the indicator lamp (118) is regulated can be. 309832/0549 Jto Blank