DE2256689A1 - THEFT PROOF LOCKING DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

13,484 40 / egg

• PATENT LAWYERS Pr. Rer. γμΙ. OiETIR LOUIS
Pipl.-Phys. ΟΙΑ'-. ':. PÖf -. 'LAU
Dipl.! Ng. FV-.NIZ LOHRcNTZ

ν, δΟΟ NUREMBERG
1

Mr. Gerald M. GOLDMAN, Elmsford, New York / USA

Anti-theft locking device

The invention relates to a theft-proof locking device, which can be coded and triggered electrically and for which two code groups are provided for actuation, which complement each other. Under code groups there are keys with a profiled beard, information carriers such as Cards and the like and also combinations to be understood for the adjustment device of combination locks are to be used.

Electrically operated locking devices currently in use require a large number of components, 'which reduces their operational reliability and the manufacturing costs

3098 2 ~ 9/0357

enlarged. In addition, none of the known systems are used as a code group a key that intervenes in tumblers.

The object is a locking device of the to build with an extremely simple logic circuit, for which no semiconductor components are to be used.

According to the invention, this task is achieved by the association solved the following features:

a) An openly accessible, first input stage for a code group has a first group of switches which are to be actuated by entering the associated code group, creating a test circuit;

b) an inaccessible, second input stage for the other code group has a second group of switches which can also be actuated by entering the associated code group, whereby a reference circuit is created;

c) Each contact of the one group of switches is connected to a contact of the other group of switches, so that by inputted, corresponding code groups at least one current path is connected in series.

309829/0357

2256689 switched contacts are created through which a signal to the Unlocking is pending at the output of the two groups of switches.

In the circuit according to the invention, the switching elements only cheap switches used in a series arrangement are joined together. The logic circuit of the device according to the invention consists only of Connections between switches, these connections depending on a code group, for example a switch. This system is extremely reliable and effective and can be implemented at low cost.

The use of a key instead of a card as a code group or code combination can be carried out much easier, since the general public is used to keys to carry with you. In addition, keys can be obtained from any suitable workshop with existing machines Manufactured or duplicated, while cards are not manufactured or duplicated in this manner can be. Various locking systems such as the system described in U.S. Patent 3,403,380 need an electrically non-conductive material for the card. In the device according to the invention there is not this requirement. If one happens to use a conductive card for one of these known systems, then there is

• 30 9 8 29/0 35 7

the risk of electric shock. The use of a conductive key, on the other hand, in the case of the one according to the invention Device no danger in itself. Keys are also much more adaptable because they are in any desired shape or toothing can be produced.

The device according to the invention has the advantage that the logic switching system for the theft protection no expensive electronic components for the scanning and Switching system required. The logical links used are fundamentally based on electromechanical! Get ways, thus providing a safe system that is free from the risk of electric shock.

It is advantageous to build the theft-proof locking device from a first group of electrical switches, which are arranged in a key slot and a second group of switches in a reference device to be provided. The switches are preferably toggle switches, so that a logical link is generated can, i.e. that depending on the switch position, the condition "go" or "not go" can be realized is. The switches arranged in the key slot are connected to the switches of the reference device. First becomes .a reference key in the reference device

309829/0 3 57

introduced and thus created a reference circuit for the system. A lock key, the training of which is the Training of the reference key corresponds to or supplements this, is then to be introduced into the key slot, whereby a test circuit is generated using the switches in the key slot «If both combinations are mutually exclusive are adjusted, you get a release condition for the system.

The two groups of switches are preferably connected in series. The poles or contacts of the switches in the Key slots are connected to the poles or contacts of the switches of the reference device. The contact points Each switch corresponds to its counterpart in the second switch group. This is indicated by the summary two switches in each section. After the switches are grouped together, they are connected in series, so that with a suitable intervention, i.e. with a yes condition in each segment, a conductive flow path is generated, while in a no condition the current path remains open. The position of the switches or the poles is determined by the profile of the switch, i.e. by the presence or absence of a tooth in the profile of the key bit.

In the following, the device according to the invention is

30 98 29/035 7 '

explained in more detail using FIGS. 1 to 8, in which some exemplary embodiments of the device according to the invention are shown.

It shows;

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a device according to the invention;

Figure 2 schematically shows a picture of the electrical circuit, the switch groups in a Switch position are shown, the yes condition and thus the unlocking condition is equivalent to;

Figure 3 schematically shows a circuit corresponding to Figure 2, the switch groups in a other switching position are shown, with which an unlocking condition is also implemented is;

FIG. 4 shows the circuit according to FIG. 2, the switch groups being in a position which corresponds to a no condition in which no unlocking is initiated;

FIG. 5 shows a circuit diagram with multi-pole switches;

FIG. 6 shows an exploded view of a key slot;

Figure '7 another embodiment of a switching

309829/0357

circuit in which there are several series connections of switch contacts and all series connections are open and
Figure 8 is a circuit diagram corresponding to Figure 7, in

which some of the series connections are open and some are closed.

With the inventive device is a theft-proof Realized locking system that can be coded and that can only be triggered by a person requesting entry that knows the code number. The system has two identical groups of multiple contact changeover switches, each switch is to be closed by means of a number code or some other information carrier. The first Switch group is arranged in an accessible location, while the second switch group is arranged in an inaccessible location Place is built in. Both groups of Sehalter are with each other connected, with which at least one series circuit is generated. This series circuit is only closed when the switch positions of the first switch group are adapted to the switch positions of the second switch group are, or complement them. A number with which the switches of the first group are to be closed in such a way that a closed current path is created is a code number, The series circuit is between a power source

309820/0357

and an electrically operated locking mechanism arranged, which is only switched on »when the series circuit is closed.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the theft-proof locking system according to the invention. One key 2, which is also referred to below as a lock key, is introduced into a switch combination 4, the one Has key slot 40, as shown in FIG. The beard of key 2 has a distinctive profile preferably a tooth pattern, for example teeth 7, as shown in FIG. With every tooth of the key a switch is switched that corresponds to this tooth.

The switch group 4 is connected to a second switch group, this is indicated by the arrow 3. The switch group 14 can be constructed in the same form as switch group 4. Accordingly, the key 12, which is in the Hereinafter also referred to as the reference key Have a profile that corresponds to that of key 2. This key 12 is inserted into the switch 14.

The switches 9 in the reference device 14 and the locking device 4 are generally toggle switches. Since the Switch in each key slot toggle or toggle switch

309829/0357

are a logical link that is a condition _o can with each switch of each section of the system are generated "go" or "no go" can be set for each switch. If the switch combination in group 4 corresponds to the switch combination in reference group 14, a current path is closed and a signal, which is characterized by the arrow /, is at output stage 5.A solenoid 6 or another suitable locking element can be used via output stage 5 be actuated, as indicated by arrow 11.

Figure 2 shows an "embodiment of the electrical Circuit of a device according to the invention. There are only four switches in each group shown to the Maintain clarity. The switch group that starts with. S1 to S4, corresponds to the switches that are arranged in the locking device 4 or its key slot. The switches labeled S11 to S14 are arranged in the reference device 14 or its key slot.

All switches are toggle switches. The switches S1 to S4 each have two poles "a" and "b". The desk S1 has a sliding contact 21, which is either on the ' Pole "a" or the pole "b" can be switched. Appropriate The switches have sliding contacts 22, 23 and 24

309829/0357

_F S2 S3 and S4, which can be switched in the same way.

The switches S11 to S14 also each have two pole positions "c" and "d". The switch S11 has a sliding contact 31 which can be switched to one of the pole positions "c" or "d". Accordingly, the switches S12 and S14 have sliding contacts _f S13 32, 33 and 34, which can be switched in the same manner as the switch S11, respectively.

The switches S11 to S14 are operated by means of a key 12 which is inserted into the key slot of the reference device 14.

The switches S1 to S4 are operated with a key 2, which is to be inserted into the key slot 4 of the locking device. With the key 12, the sliding contacts 31, 32, 33 and 34 are brought into one of the two switching positions "c" and "d". With the locking key 2, the sliding contacts 21, 22, 23 and 24 are each switched to one of the switching positions "a" or "b".

In Figure 2, each of the sliding contacts 21, 22, 23 and 24 is in the switching position "a" and each of the sliding contacts 31, 32, 33 and -34 is in the switching position "c".

309829/0357

The switch position "a" corresponds to the switch position "c", i.e. these poles are conductively connected to one another. The switch positions "b" and "d" also correspond to and are also connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner.

Since all the corresponding poles "a" and "c" are switched in the switching position shown in FIG. a conductive series connection of these poles is generated. Current therefore flows from input 20 to output 30. With this The output stage 5, which is shown in FIG. 1, is activated. FIG. 3 shows a comparison with FIG. 2 different switch position of the switch. The switches S1 and S11 and S3 and S13 are on poles "b" and "d" switched, while switches S2 and S12 as well as S4 and S14 the switch positions "a" and "c" are retained is.

Attached keys switch the switches in each key slot to their corresponding switch position and generate thus a current-conducting circuit connection. The presence or absence of a tooth on each of the The key determines the position of each switch.

With keys that do not intervene or that are not adapted, non-conductive switching connections are created, as shown in FIG. In this circuit

309829/0357

the switches S1 to Sh are in the switch position ⁿ a ^w . However, only switches S12 and S14 are in the associated switch position "c". Since the switches S11 and S13 are not in switch position "d", a non-conductive or open configuration has been obtained and the locking solenoid is not actuated.

The switches described can be designed in such a way that the key must remain in the key slot in order to ensure that the switches are operated. However, switch types can also be used in which the switches remain actuated and the key can be removed. A number of changes in the circuit and keys are possible. For example, the switching positions can be reversed, that is, the pole ⁿ a "now corresponds to the pole" d "and the pole" b "now corresponds to the pole" c ". Locking and reference keys are then mirror images of each other If the key has a tooth, the second key must not have a tooth and vice versa. In this case, the locking key and the reference key must complement each other to unlock.

Another variation can be achieved by pairing different switches with one another. At-

309829/0357

for example, switches S1 and S14, S2 and S13 etc. be interconnected. Other possible combinations are of course possible. A reverse In this case, the combination or pairing of the switches also changes the tooth profile of the key with which the Lock is to open. In these cases, however, the keys are no longer identical to one another.

In another embodiment of the circuit, contacts can be used in place of switches. Besides that An alarm circuit can be arranged to prevent the wrong key being used, i.e. a non-conductive one Switch position emits a warning signal.

The switches of the locking device 4 and / or the reference device 14 (switches S1 to S4 and / or switches S11 to S14) can have the mechanical structure described in Figure 6 is shown. Am key 2 with a tooth profile 7 can be inserted into a series of switches 9, which are shown here exploded, The The key is to be inserted into the switch 9 via the key slot 40, which has slots 41 for the teeth. The switches are stacked together or mechanically coupled to one another. With bolts 49 going through holes 19 of each switch protrude, the switches are fixed in place. The switches 9 have an external, not

309829/0357

movable part 18, which with the bolts 49 in the described manner is fixed in place and they have a rotatable inner disk 6. Both the disk β as well as the part 18 are made of non-conductive material manufactured. Both parts have a key slot 40 which is equipped with grooves 41 for the teeth. The key 2 can be inserted into this key slot. If for a groove 41 of a disk 8 a corresponding tooth is present on the key, the disk θ is rotated relative to the outer part 16 when the Key 2 is turned. This is indicated by the arrow 50. Since all switches 9 are constructed in the same way are, the rotation of each disk 8 depends on whether the Key 2 has a corresponding tooth 7. If there is no tooth on key 2 for a particular switch 9 then the disk θ of this switch is not rotated.

Each switch 9 has three contacts 43, 43a and 43b. The contact 43 corresponds to the stationary pole of a changeover switch. The contacts 43a and 43b correspond to the switching poles of the switch. The disc 8 is with a band-shaped sliding contact provided that when the disc is rotated an electrically conductive connection between the contacts 43 and 43a or 4 * 3 and 43b. In the rest position, In the

309829/0357

the disk 8 is not rotated, the sliding contact 48 creates a conductive connection between the contacts 43 and 43a made. When the disk 8 is rotated, the sliding contact 48 connects the contacts 43 and 43b · The teeth of the key 2 are designed so that they only touch the 'washer of each switch' The key cannot be rotated if one of the teeth is too long and protrudes into the groove 41 of an outer part 18. In this case, the entire group of switches cannot be operated. It turns out, however, that the tolerances are not particularly small, if you have a standard key slot with ten to twenty switches for closing

used. It follows that the overlapping of the teeth is not a particular problem.

If there is no tooth at one point on the key, the bit 51 of the key rotates in the bore 40 of the associated disk 8 and the disk itself is not rotated. So that means a senior There is a connection between the contacts 43 and 43a, if no tooth is provided for a particular switch.

If a tooth is present, it protrudes into the groove 41 of the disk 8 of the relevant switch 9 and the disk 8 is turned when the key is turned · The

309829/0357

Rotation of the disc 8 takes place in the same direction in which the key 2 is turned. Each disc 8 is provided with a pin 44 which protrudes into a slot 42 of the Aussente11s 18 and can be moved in this can. This pin 44 prevents the disk from being rotated too far. This ensures that always There is contact between the slider 48 and the contacts 43 and 43a or 43 and 43b.

The band-shaped slider 48 corresponds to the sliding contacts of the electrical circuits shown in FIGS are shown. The poles 43a and 43b correspond to the poles "a", "b", "c" and "d" of these figures.

A particular advantage of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG it is that all switches 9 are constructed identically and that the switch groups for the Lock key and for the reference key correspond in their structure. This significantly reduces the manufacturing costs. From Figure 6 it can also be seen that the switches are completely encased and their contact arrangement from cannot be seen on the outside. If someone looks into the key slot, all they see is a smooth one Area that has no contacts.

As the key slots for each locking device • 309829/0357

are identically designed, someone who has a key slot opens violently, received no information, In addition, if a key slot is forcibly removed from a door, for example, one only sees those hanging around Wires · The intruder will not be able to tell how these wires fit together around you conductive circuit because the switch combination in the reference device is inaccessible to him is because the reference device is hidden behind the door or in an inaccessible place that is out of its reach. A kind of safety wire can be mixed under the connection lines of the switches be to interrupt the conductive connection if you try to short-circuit the circuit.

The description so far shows that an extremely inexpensive system has been developed that allows all of the has the listed advantages. Each switch can be molded or molded from a non-conductive plastic. The contacts and the sliding contact are of course made of a conductive material.

Since the key slot of the switch is made of non-conductive material, there is a risk of electric shock locked out. For contacts 43 »43a and 43b. is wiring is not necessary if these contacts are in

309829/0357

a circuit board are locked or if the switches 9 themselves are designed as circuit boards. There must be parts to accommodate the key positions and each Panelθ (switch 9) must be mechanically connected to the next Panels (switch 9) must be connected. In that case it would both circuits 4 and 14 can already be linked to one another.

Another embodiment of a wiring for the switches of the switch groups is ge shows in Figures 7 and 8. FIG. The sliding contacts 21, 22, 23 and 24 of the switches S ₁ S ₂ , S * and S ^ are each wired to one another.

Likewise, the sliding contacts 31, 32, 33 and 34 of the switches S ₁₁ , S ₁₂ * S ₁ , and S ₁ ^ are each connected to one another. This wiring results in a number of series connections that are parallel to each other. In FIG. 7, the sliding contacts 21 and 23 are in their switching position "b" and the sliding contacts 22 and 24 are each in their switching position "a". The sliding contacts 31 and 33 are each in their switching position "d" and the sliding contacts 32 and 34 are each in their switching position "c". Since the poles "a" and "d" as well as the poles "b" and "c" are wired to one another, none of the series circuits lying parallel to one another carries current. That means none of the switch combinations S ₁ and S ₁₁ , S ₂ and S ₁₂ , S, and

309829/0357

^S 13 * ^ 4 ^unc * ^ 14 ° forms a closed series circle. These open series connections are obtained with locking key and reference key profiles that are matched to one another or are complementary to one another and with which the corresponding switches have been operated. If all series connections are open, current flows from input 20 to output 30.

Keys that are not matched to one another or do not complement one another "generate a circuit in which some or all of the series circuits are closed, as shown in FIG. 8. In this circuit, the <switches S ₁ to S ^ are each in their switching position" a ". There are only the switches S ^ ₂ ^and · ^s -j4 i ^{n of} the adapted switch position" c ". Since the switches S ^^ and S _{1 are} not in the corresponding switch position" d ", there is a Current-conducting circuit (short circuit) was created. Current now flows from input 20 to grounding point 40 and output 30 is short-circuited. Resistor "R" in FIGS To compensate for the current limitation obtained by the resistor "R", an amplification at the output 30 may be necessary.

This circuit can be described more generally as "an electrical circuit for a mechanism that , from one

3 0 9829/0 35 7

is to be operated by a person who has a blocking key whose profile corresponds to the profile of a reference key is adapted or complements this profile. The output of the circuit is only operational when it a signal is impressed. The key slot for the locking key has a first group of switches, which can be operated selectively by inserting the lock key, creating a test circuit. One Reference device is attached to an inaccessible location. It contains a second group of switches that can be selectively operated with a reference key are, creating a reference circuit. The reference circuit depends on the profile of the reference key and the test circuit depends on the profile of the blocking key. With connections between the two Switch groups, a series of series circuits is created that are parallel to each other and through the Test and reference circuit are defined. The series- circuits are only opened electrically when the inserted locking key matches the reference key adapted or supplemented. If this is not the case, some or all of the series connections are closed. A signal at the output is only generated when all series connections are open.

Another embodiment is shown in FIG.

309829 / 03S7

In this embodiment, the changeover switches are replaced by rotary switches with several contacts, for example with ten poles. Of course, these rotary switches can have any number of poles and / or positions. In this embodiment, the switch is S «. by the switch A ,,, the switch S ₁ ^ replaced by the switch B ₁ and so on. This switch must also be switched to the corresponding poles in order to obtain a conductive current path. Pole "6" of switch A ₁ must therefore be connected to pole "6" of switch B ₁ and pole "3" of switch A ₂ to pole "3" of switch B «and so on.

In this embodiment, the key slot of Figure 1 can be replaced by two plates with rotary switches. The locking device 4 is then a plate with switches A ₁ to A _n and the reference device 14 is a second plate with switches B ₁ to B. If one of the switch groups A ₁ ... A_ or B ₁ ... B is brought into a certain switch position, a conductive current path is obtained when the other switch group is brought into an adapted switch position. It should be noted that reversed switch positions and inverse pairings as they were described earlier, are also possible in this embodiment. For example, the combination of switch positions "9f 6, 3, 1, 0, 5" in the first

309829/0357

Group of the inverted switch position "5» O, 1, 5 »6, 9" correspond to the second group of switches.

A so-called time lock can also be used with the Locking device can be realized. To this end, some or all of the switches are in the reference device to be operated via a time control device or a timer. The one intended for unlocking The switch position combination can thus be changed as a function of time or an opening lock can be implemented which is operated until a certain point in time is reached.

In hotels or motels, the circuit can be designed so that there is an external switch in the main office with which a door can be opened or with which the opening of a door can be prevented. One such switch can be connected directly to the output of the circuit and can be designed as a bypass for the key slot be. It can also be the reference circuit in the main office arranged and connected to the key slot in the door by wires. This makes cleaning one And the room can be entered even if a key has been lost.

The switches can also be operated with push buttons,

309829/0357

which can be used to enter a number code

Also other embodiments of a combination lock, for example numbered turntables and similar things can be used to operate a switch.

309829/0357

Claims (1)

Patent claims: Theft-proof locking device which can be coded and electrically triggered and which can be operated two code groups are provided that are mutually exclusive supplement, characterized by the combination of the following features: a) an openly accessible first input level (4) for a code group (2) has a first group of switches (9), which can be activated by entering the associated Code group are to be actuated, whereby a test circuit (Figure 2, Figure 7) is created; b) an inaccessible, second input stage (14) for the other code group (12) has a second group of switches (9), which can also be actuated by entering the associated code group is, whereby a reference circuit (Figure 2, Figure 7) is formed; c) each contact (a, b) of one group of switches is with a contact (c, d) of the other group of Switches connected, so that by entered, corresponding code groups at least one current path via series-connected contacts, through which a signal for unlocking at the output (30) of the pending in both groups of switches. 309829/0357 ■. - 25 - Locking device according to claim 1 with an electrically releasable mechanism which only with one Locking key provided with a profile is to be operated as a code group whose profile corresponds to the profile of a reference key is adapted or supplemented, characterized by the combination of the following Characteristics: a) an output (30) is ημΓ operational when a signal is applied to it; b) a key slot (4, 40, 41) that is openly accessible is, has a first group of switches (9) which can be selectively activated by inserting the Lock key (2) are to be operated, whereby a test circuit is created; c) a reference device (14) _; which is mounted in an inaccessible place, has a second group of switches (9) which can be operated selectively with the reference key (12), whereby a reference circuit is created; d) with connections between the first and second group of switches are several series connections can be generated by the test and reference circuitry are defined that are only open if the introduced blocking key matches the reference key is adapted o ^ which corresponds to this and which under other conditions at least partially are closed; 309829/0357 β) these series connections are switched on between an energy source and the output (30) in such a way that a signal only arises at the output / when all series connections are open. 3. Locking device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an alarm device is provided which responds to an inserted, unsuitable locking key (2). 4. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 3t, characterized in that the switch (9) Both groups are toggle switches whose poles are connected to by the profiles of the locking (2) or reference key (12) specific positions are arranged. 5. Locking device according to claim 4, characterized in that that the stationary contacts of the switches (9) of the first group with the corresponding stationary Contacts of the switches of the second group are connected. 6. Locking device according to one of claims 2 to 5 characterized> that the reference device (14) has a key slot that corresponds to the key slot for the lock key (2) 309829/0357 speaks, and that a signal only arises when that The profile of the inserted locking key matches the profile of the reference key (12), 7. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a bypass to the test and reference circuit is provided via the in an emergency, a signal must be sent to output (30). 8. Locking device according to claim 1 with a Magnetic coil that can be actuated when a locking key of a certain profile is inserted as a code group, characterized by the combination of the following features: a) a key slot (4, 40, 41) arranged at an accessible point has a first Group of electrical switches (9) which can be operated selectively by inserting the lock key (2) are, creating a test circuit; b) a second group of electrical switches (9) is arranged at an inaccessible location, where ■ the switches selectively with a reference key. (12) are to be actuated, creating a reference circuit created j c) with connections between both groups of switching 309829/0357 tern, several series connections can be created, which are only open if the introduced blocking and the reference key are adapted to each other are or complement each other and which are at least partially closed under other conditions are; d) these series connections are connected between a voltage source and the magnetic coil, that the solenoid is only actuated when all series connections are open. 9. Locking device according to claim 8, characterized characterized in that the switches (9) of the first group alternate with the switches (9) of the second group are connected. 10. Locking device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized characterized in that a car engine can be ignited with the magnetic coil (6) and that the second group hidden by switches (9) in the car. 11. Locking device according to claim 1, which is designed as a combination lock, characterized by combining the following features: a) an output (30) is only operational when a signal is applied to it; 3 0 9 8 2 9/0357 b) a first group of switches (9) is openly accessible, the switches being selectively by means of a combination are to be operated; c) a reference device (14), which is arranged in an inaccessible location, 'is through a second group of switches (9) formed, which can be operated selectively according to a combination are; d) with connections between the first and the second Group of switches are several series circuits generated by the switch positions of the Switches defined and which are normally at least partially closed and which are all offensive and with which a signal is only switched if that of the first group of switches is entered Combination of the second group of switches / entered combination is adapted or supplemented; β) these series connections are so between an energy source and the output (30) switched on, that a signal at the output only arises when all Ser circuits are open. 309829/0357