DE2251442C3 - Process for the electrolytic detoxification of cyanide - Google Patents
Process for the electrolytic detoxification of cyanideInfo
- Publication number
- DE2251442C3 DE2251442C3 DE19722251442 DE2251442A DE2251442C3 DE 2251442 C3 DE2251442 C3 DE 2251442C3 DE 19722251442 DE19722251442 DE 19722251442 DE 2251442 A DE2251442 A DE 2251442A DE 2251442 C3 DE2251442 C3 DE 2251442C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- cyanide
- anodes
- steel
- detoxification
- electrolytic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000530268 Lycaena heteronea Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/10—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by subjecting to electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation
- A62D3/11—Electrochemical processes, e.g. electrodialysis
- A62D3/115—Electrolytic degradation or conversion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/20—Organic substances
- A62D2101/26—Organic substances containing nitrogen or phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
- A62D2101/45—Inorganic substances containing nitrogen or phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/18—Cyanides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur elektrolytischen Entgiftung von Cyanid im Durchlaufoder Standverfahren, wobei Anoden aus Stahl verwendet und dem Elektrolyten Kupfersalze zugesetzt werden.The invention relates to a process for the electrolytic detoxification of cyanide in a continuous or Stand-up process, in which anodes made of steel are used and copper salts are added to the electrolyte will.
Aus dem Buch »Die Abwässer in der Metallindustrie«, von Dr. R. Weiner, 1965, Seiten 178/179, ist es bekannt, daß in stärker konzentrierten Cyanid-Lösungen die Zerstörung des Cyanids durch Elektrolyse erfolgen kann, wobei diese Zerstörung durch Oxidation an unlöslichen Anoden geschieht. Gleich- ω zeitig in der Lösung vorhandene Schwermetalle, z. B. Kupfer, werden in metallischer Form an der Kathode abgeschieden. Dabei werden Stahlbleche als unlösliche Anoden verwendet. Diese Stahlblech-Anoden sind jedoch nur in solchen Lösungen beständig, die J5 keine lösenden Anionen, wie Chlorid oder Sulfat, in größerer Menge enthalten.From the book "Die Abwässer in der Metallindustrie", by Dr. R. Weiner, 1965, pages 178/179, it is known that in more concentrated cyanide solutions the destruction of the cyanide by electrolysis can take place, this destruction occurring through oxidation on insoluble anodes. Equal- ω Heavy metals present early in the solution, e.g. B. copper, are in metallic form at the cathode deposited. Steel sheets are used as insoluble anodes. These sheet steel anodes however, they are only stable in solutions that include J5 does not contain large quantities of dissolving anions such as chloride or sulphate.
Gemäß einem nicht zum Stand der Technik gehörenden Vorschlag wurden bei einem Verfahren zur elektrolytischen Entgiftung von Cyanid die Stahlblech-Anoden durch VA-Stahl-Anoden ersetzt. Obwohl VA-Stahl in chemischer Hinsicht ein hochresistenter Werkstoff ist, wurden dennoch die Anoden aus VA-Stahl in verhältnismäßig kurzer Zeit zerstört. Dabei ist die Zerstörung der Anoden ebenfalls darauf 4-> zurückzuführen, daß die zu entgiftende Cyanid-Lösung lösende Anionen, wahrscheinlich Chlorid, in größerer Menge enthielt.According to a proposal not belonging to the prior art, a method for electrolytic decontamination of cyanide replaces the sheet steel anodes with VA steel anodes. Even though VA steel is a highly resistant material from a chemical point of view, the anodes were nonetheless made of VA steel destroyed in a relatively short time. The destruction of the anodes is also on it 4-> attributed to the fact that the cyanide solution to be detoxified has dissolving anions, probably chloride, in contained a larger amount.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 so weiterzubilden, daß sich die Anwesenheit von lösenden Anionen in der zu entgiftenden Cyanid-Lösung nicht nachteilig bzw. zerstörend auf die Anoden auswirkt. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird bei einem Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 vorgeschlagen, daß als Anodenmaterial VA-Stahl verwendet wird und dem Elektrolyten Kupfersalze in Mengen von 50-150 mg Cu2+Zl zugesetzt werden.The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a method according to the preamble of claim 1 so that the presence of dissolving anions in the cyanide solution to be detoxified does not have a disadvantageous or destructive effect on the anodes. To solve this problem it is proposed in a method according to the preamble of claim 1 that VA steel is used as the anode material and that copper salts in amounts of 50-150 mg Cu 2+ Zl are added to the electrolyte.
Bei diesem Verfahren zeigen die VA-Anoden keinerlei Gewichtsabnahme, auch über längere Zeiträume hinweg nicht, d. h., durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird der oxidative Angriff auf die Anode verhindert, und die Anode ist somit unbegrenzt haltbar. Durch die Zugabe von Kupfersalzen zum Elektroylten wird eine Passivierung der Anode bewirkt, d. h., es bildet sich an der Anode ein verhältnismäßig dünner Belag aus feinpulverigem Kupfer. Dieser pulverige Belag bildet jedoch an der Anode keine unlösliche, nichtleitende Sperrschicht, sondern verhindert nur die Oxidation der Anode. Das abgeschiedene, feinpulverige Kupfer geht wieder in Lösung und wird wieder abgeschieden.With this method, the VA anodes show no weight loss whatsoever, even over long periods of time not away, d. That is, by the method according to the invention, the oxidative attack on the Prevents anode, and the anode is therefore indefinitely durable. By adding copper salts a passivation of the anode is effected for the electroylte, d. that is, a proportionately formed at the anode thin coating of fine-powdered copper. However, this powdery coating forms on the anode no insoluble, non-conductive barrier layer, but only prevents oxidation of the anode. The secluded, fine-powdered copper goes back into solution and is deposited again.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann mit einer bei der elektrolytischen Oxidation üblichen Stromausbeute von 65 % bis zu einem Restgehait von 0,5 g/l CN" durchgeführt werden. Daran kann sich eine chemische Restentgiftung anschließen.The process according to the invention can be carried out with a current yield that is customary in electrolytic oxidation of 65% to a residual content of 0.5 g / l CN "can be carried out. A chemical Connect residual detoxification.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn der Elektrolyt 100 mg Cu2+/! enthält. The method according to the invention is particularly advantageous if the electrolyte contains 100 mg Cu 2+ /! contains.
Bei einem Ausfuhrungsbeispiel wurden 22,5 1 einer Lösung mit 10 g/l CN" im Standverfahren bis auf einen Restgehalt von 180 mg/1 CN" entgiftet. Es wurden 393 mg Kupfersulfat/l zu entgiftender Lösung zugesetzt, was einer Konzentration von ca. 100 mg/I Cu2+ entspricht. Die Gesamtmenge an oxidiertem Cyanid betrug 221 g.In one exemplary embodiment, 22.5 l of a solution with 10 g / l CN "were detoxified in the standing process down to a residual content of 180 mg / 1 CN". 393 mg copper sulfate / l solution to be detoxified were added, which corresponds to a concentration of approx. 100 mg / l Cu 2+ . The total amount of oxidized cyanide was 221 g.
Hieraus ergibt sich für die Entgiftung von 1 kg Cyanid ein Leistungsbedarf von 6,8 kW.This results in a power requirement of 6.8 kW for the detoxification of 1 kg of cyanide.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19722251442 DE2251442C3 (en) | 1972-10-20 | 1972-10-20 | Process for the electrolytic detoxification of cyanide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19722251442 DE2251442C3 (en) | 1972-10-20 | 1972-10-20 | Process for the electrolytic detoxification of cyanide |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2251442A1 DE2251442A1 (en) | 1974-04-25 |
| DE2251442B2 DE2251442B2 (en) | 1979-05-17 |
| DE2251442C3 true DE2251442C3 (en) | 1980-01-10 |
Family
ID=5859558
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19722251442 Expired DE2251442C3 (en) | 1972-10-20 | 1972-10-20 | Process for the electrolytic detoxification of cyanide |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE2251442C3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3429156A1 (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1986-02-20 | Alfred Teves Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | METHOD AND CIRCUIT FOR MONITORING AND CONTROLLING A SLIP-CONTROLLED BRAKE SYSTEM |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4218916C2 (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1996-03-21 | Heraeus Elektrochemie | Use of a grid anode for electrolytic detoxification or regeneration of an aqueous solution containing cyanide |
| DE102011081805A1 (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2013-02-28 | Akretia Gmbh | Electrolytic refining of metals from solid starting material containing metal to be refined, comprises contacting starting material with cyanide-containing leaching solution, electrolytically depositing metal, and partially reacting cyanide |
-
1972
- 1972-10-20 DE DE19722251442 patent/DE2251442C3/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3429156A1 (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1986-02-20 | Alfred Teves Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | METHOD AND CIRCUIT FOR MONITORING AND CONTROLLING A SLIP-CONTROLLED BRAKE SYSTEM |
| DE3429156C2 (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1994-06-23 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Circuit arrangement for monitoring and controlling an anti-lock brake system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2251442A1 (en) | 1974-04-25 |
| DE2251442B2 (en) | 1979-05-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OD | Request for examination | ||
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| 8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: KERAMCHEMIE GMBH, 5433 SIERSHAHN, DE |
|
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |