DE2234212A1 - BOTTLE PROTECTED AGAINST BREAKAGE - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS

dr. W. Schalk dipl.-ing. P. Wirth dipu-ing. G. Dannenberg

DR.V. SCHMIED-FCOWARZIK DR. P.WEIMHOLD DR. D. GUDEL

6 FRANKFURT AM MAIN '

GR. ESCHENHEIMER STRASSt 39 ': ■, ■>

July 10, 1972 '7883-M19 (A)

Gu / Ar ■

HART Industries Inc.

P.O. Box 3157 Terminal Annex

Los Angeles, Calif. 90054

UNITED STATES.·

Bottle protected against BrUcIi

The invention relates to one against bursting, splintering or breaking secured glass bottle or such a glass container. In particular, it relates to glass containers which are protected by an outer plastic covering which essentially covers the entire outer surface of the container.

As is well known, glass breaks easily. This risk of breakage is increased if the container contents are under pressure, for example is a carbonated liquid. Various efforts have therefore been made to reduce the risk of breakage of glass by treating the outer surface. For this purpose, it has already been suggested that various To attach protective coatings to the glass. With these protective coatings, significant "advances have been made because these coatings reduce the amount of surface scratches and cracks in the

by
Reduce glass so that / this reduction at points of stress concentration retained the internal stability of the glassware.

2 0 9 8 0 67 0 2 2 7 _B AD ORIGINAL

For this reason, glass bottles have already been filled with metal, oxides and combinations of coatings from thin-layer Polyethylene provided, whereby a good resistance to Scratches and abrasions on the glassware was achieved. In doing so • the surface cracks mentioned were reduced and thus also the risk of breakage. The known protective coatings are essentially same thick. These protective coatings can only be used for very special containers, for example for aerosol spray bottles. However, these protective coatings have not found widespread use, mainly for reasons of cost, more effective because of manufacturing difficulties. Protective coatings in the required quantities and because of the inability to produce a To create a protective coating that effectively protects the glass under pressure.

If a glass bottle is to be provided with a really effective protective coating, very special problems also arise regarding the thickness and the resilience or the resilient properties, so that a pressurized glass container can be effectively protected against breakage. So that this goal can be achieved economically, the volume of the coating material must be kept small, but with the effective thickness of the coating should be large in order to provide the necessary protection. In addition, a consistently even, clean and good one should be Connection between the glass container and the coating can be achieved in order to achieve the desired effect. So with plastic coated goods with the existing facilities "treated can also be, the coefficient of friction of the Outer surface can be kept small, while this coefficient of friction on the other hand, it should be as large as possible so that the container can be handled easily. These contradicting one another Requirements (as little material as possible, but maximum protection and at the same time low and high coefficient of friction) are fulfilled by the present invention. . ., ..- ■.

The new container proposed herewith, which also includes a u-liiticn—. '· pressure, can withstand, is therefore according to the invention thereby

2098BB / 0227 .-. ; BATH

indicates an inner glass container and a tightly adhering one outer protective coating is provided which essentially covers the inner glass container. The outer protective cover consists of a dimensionally stable, flexible resin that can brake and hold back the fragments if the container breaks.

The outer shell is also covered with a variety of it externally extending nodal areas, protrusions, or warts The like covered, which reduce the friction between abutting bottles and 'with machine handling Absorb shocks. Because of this stippled effect is achieved at the same time that such a trained The bottle cannot easily slip out of your hand.

These knot areas produce the mentioned increased protection against impacts while at the same time using a minimum of resin material is used. This is achieved by increasing the thickness in the wart-like areas that receive the impact is. In a corresponding manner, essential parts of the coating have a reduced thickness, whereby a material is created, which has voids into which parts of the material forming the warts can move in the event of impact. The effective thickness of the So resin coating is the thickness of the knot areas. So it is a uniform thickness of the protective coating is no longer necessary provided, so that material is saved significantly.

These lumps or 'warts reduce the area of contact that exist, for example, between bottles standing next to each other or between a bottle and another object, since in general only these node areas are available for the contact area. The frictional resistance is reduced so accordingly. At the same time, the knot areas ensure that such a hand-held bottle does not slip out can, because the flexible surface of the human hand corresponds to that of the knot areas, which are similar to a edged component act. So you capture both the surface the knot area, as well as the surface of the in-.

209886/0227

-; bath.

- 4 - '
Countersinks, which increases the contact area.

In order to obtain the desired properties, it is preferred if the outer surface of the coating deviates from the average coating thickness by about 8 to 20 fo. As a result, the dimensions of the nodal areas and the depressions in between are still fixed. This new coating made of plastic or resin also holds back glass fragments, even if the container has an internal pressure of about 4.2 kgf / cm. According to the invention, this is achieved in that a plastic coating made of flexible, resilient resin is provided, which stretches and expands rather than breaks in the event of a defect in the glass itself. By this expansion of the coating before it breaks, the. Retained glass fragments and also held in their place until the internal pressure in the container is reduced by initially forming, relatively small openings or gaps. These openings or gaps can arise in the coating when the fracture begins.

The invention is illustrated below with the aid of exemplary embodiments explained in more detail, from which other important features result. It shows:

Pig. 1 is a sectional side view of a preferred embodiment a container according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a section along 3-3 of Fig. 1, but with a conventional container;

Pig. 3 is a section along 3-3 of Pig. "1 with a container according to the invention;

Pig. 4 a section similar to Pig. 3 in another embodiment the invention;

Fig. 5 shows a number of curves to illustrate the light transmission depending on the wavelength for uncoated glass and for glass according to Pig. 4 after of the invention is coated;

209886/0227

Pig. 6 is a view of a bottle similar to FIG. 1, the wart-shaped surface effect shown more clearly is. · ■. ·

The container 10 shown in Figures 1 and 3, which represents a preferred embodiment, consists of an inner glass container or glass vessel 12 and an outer envelope 14, which consists of a flexible, dimensionally stable resin, which is coherently a large part of the outer surface 16 of the Glass vessel 12 covered. The sheath 14 has on its outer surface 18 a multiplicity of preferably randomly distributed, outwardly extending, shock-absorbing nodes or. Warts 20. These nodes are separated from one another by deeper sections or depressions 22 which are likely to allow maximum deflection of the nodes 20 in a direction parallel to the surface 16 in the event of large impacts. This increased possibility of evasion probably increases the shock-absorbing properties of the envelope 14 and additionally reduces the amount of material which is necessary for an effective shock-absorbing. Sheath 14 is necessary, whereby the production costs for such a container 10 can be reduced at the same time. The inner glass vessel 12 has a wall thickness. (Gx) between about 0.76 to 3.05 mm. The _s outer casing 14 has a. Thickness from about 0.1 to 0.45 mm. This outer covering is preferably designed in such a way that it is dimensionally stable. In some applications, an average envelope thickness (Px) between about 0.2 to 0.38 mm is considered ideal, with the preferred range being between about 0.25 and 0.38 mm. Accordingly, it is preferred if the nodes in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 and also the depressions have a mean deviation downwards and upwards from this basic value in the order of magnitude of 12 bi3 18 or 8 to 12 ⁰ J ₀ . In other words, the preferred maximum nodular elevation above the average thickness varies between 6 and 60 fo and the maximum depression of the deeper sections, starting from the average thickness, varies between approximately 20 and 40 ^l / p.

-'-- '■ -' ^ 209886/0227

Properties of the outer jin cover

Px middle
Thickness of the envelope (mm)

0.2-0.3

Px1 middle Deviation whether or not

- 18th

Γχ2 middle4 Downward deviation from Px ('/)

Percentage
maximum
Elevation
via Px

6-60

Percentage maximum depression below Px

20 - 40

This surface configuration therefore differs significantly from the in! '' ig. 2, where the thickness (PxO) of the outer envelope is substantially uniform, so that the nodes and i'Ji nsenkumjen described do not exist. As mentioned 13t at of the invention, the thickness of the envelope is not uniform, and the maximum thickness is at the node area m20, whereas the thickness in the depressions 22 lies within the stated range, in any case less than that of the nodes.

In another embodiment of the invention, the in Fig. 4 inclined container 10, an inner glass vessel 12 and a outer casing 14 with a significantly rougher surface than in the embodiment according to Pig. 3. Through this enlargement of the knot-shaped elevations are the Btossabsorb; miserable Properties of the envelope 14 enlarged and additionally dan Reduced material, as required for a shatterproof cover 14 thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the container 10.

The roughening of the surface 18 also reduces the amount of light that is let through the bottle, as is shown in more detail in C3 in FIG. In FIG. 5 , the degree of transmittance is plotted in percent over the wavelength in muli / - *. The upper three curves show the permeability properties of conventional glass that is not coated. It is also about flint glass, Ämbor glass and dark green glass. The bottom three

209886/0227

BATH ORIGINAL

Curves show the properties of plastic according to the invention coated glass again, also flint glass, Amber glass and green glass.

It is found that with the use of resin having no pigments for äusf; ere wrapper 14 and flint glass as the inner glass vessel a maximum of about 1'5 ° / light transmissivity at a V / avelength of 800 milli micron is reached * The permeability values are for smaller ones. Wavelengths of the visible spectrum are noticeably smaller and are of course even more suppressed if colored glass or colored resin is used. It should be pointed out that the light transmission also depends on the glass thickness and that the curves shown are based on a thickness of 2 mm. .

Another measure of the surface quality can be achieved through roughness tests (ASA B46.1 - 1962). Under use the techniques prescribed in these standards with a profile knife (surface testing device) of the type Q.C. is it preferred if the surface roughness of bottles according to the invention is between about 125 and 750, if this is the EaIl is, one can expect that the deviations from the mean values are maintained as described here (i.e. for different Measurement methods on the same surface structures). As mentioned the distribution of the nodal areas and the depressions is arbitrary. It is expected, however, that between about 100

■ 2 2

and 2000 nodes and dip points per inch. (6.452 cm) the Surface. It is preferred, however, if the distribution of these points is in the range between about 250 and 750 points lies. '

Even if the glass thickness and the plastic thickness in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 remain approximately the same, as has been explained above, it is preferred if the node regions and the depressions are maximum and minimum fourths above and below the basic value (Px) in the order of magnitude of 80-120 fo or 50 to 95 ^c / o . The preferred mean deviation after

209886/0227

BATH

In other words, the top and bottom of the middle dicvie varies by at least '20 <fo. ^

Fig. 4:
Properties of the outer covering

Medium thickness
the wrapping
Px (mm)

Mean deviation up and down from Px: PxI and 2

Maximum elevation over

Maximum sinking below Px (</>)

0.2-0.38

20 - 40

80-120

50-95

The cover '14 can be made of any flexible, elastic or pliable Resin that stretches and expands rather than breaks when the inner (ilas vessel breaks, with or without internal pressure. J5s can use thermosets, such as flexible crosslinked urethane rubber or the like is used will. However, thermoplastics are preferred because they can be cast more easily as a coating or as a film react in the manner described, as is important for the invention.

Thermoplastic polymers of butadiene, acrylate, ethylene, propylene, styrene, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, cellulose acetate can be used j cellulose butyrate and cellulose propionate can be used. In addition, plastics containing fluorine, methylpentene, Polyamide, phenoxy resin, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyphenylene oxide and polysulfone can be used.

The preferred plastics are inexpensive, relatively flexible and resistant to impact. They easily form a continuous film or coating and are flexible. Of the plastics mentioned above, polyethylene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymers and high impact polystyrene are preferred.

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BATH

It should be noted that proper application of the cover 14 on the inner glass vessel 12 is necessary. Any • The following procedures are used:

(a) Thermoplastic material is preferred as a powder electrostatically sprayed onto the outer surface of the inner container.

(b) The inner container is at a suitable temperature in a pluidate bed of plastic material immersed in powder form.

(c) The inner container is optionally hot in a molten bath of plastic material or in a solution or immersed in a dispersion of such a material.

(d) By any other method by which a jacket-shaped coating can be imparted to the glass vessel, as it is conventional.

- Claims 20988G / 0227

Claims (1)

Dart Industries, Inc. July 10, 1972
Gu / Ar • 40- Claims [1 .j Composed bottle protected against breakage, characterized in that a pressure-resistant inner glass vessel (12) with an average wall thickness between about 0.76 and 3.0 mm is provided, as well as an outer casing (14 ) made of thermoplastic material with an average thickness between about 0.1 and 0.46 mm, which surrounds the inner vessel and extends essentially over its entire surface, and that its outer surface (18) is formed with knot-shaped elevations (20) and a has an average deviation of about 12 to 18 ^c ßi over the thickness of the outer covering and a mean deviation of about 8 to 12 ^c fa below the thickness of the outer covering. 2. Composed bottle protected against breakage, characterized by an inner glass vessel (12) with an average thickness of the side wall between about 0.76 to> 3.0 in and an outer casing (14) made of thermoplastic material with an average thickness of about 0.1 to 0.46 mm, which extends over essentially the entire surface of the inner glass vessel with the exception of the end region, and that the outer surface (18) of the outer casing (14) is characterized by a knot-like design and has a maximum elevation above the mean, which varies between about 6 and 60 ^c ß> this fourth. 3. Composed, protected against breakage bottle according to claim 2, characterized in that the maximum depression below the mean thickness is between about 20 to 40 $ of that thickness loves. 4. "Composed bottle for holding, protected against breakage 209886/0227 - i - AA a liquid, characterized in that for production a very rough outer surface an inner G-Lasge Γ-β (12) and an outer envelope (14) made of thermoplastic material is provided which surrounds the glass vessel and extends over the inside substantially the entire surface of which extends, and that the outer casing (14) has an average thickness of approximately 0.25 to 0.38 mm, the maximum thickness being between about 0.13 to 0.2.3 mm less than the mean value «. 5. Bottle according to claim 4, characterized in that the Points of greatest and smallest thickness of the outer covering (14) are randomly distributed on the outer surface, and that ., roughly between 250 and 750 points per inch for both the maximum as well as minimum thickness are provided. ' 6. Assembled bottle for holding, protected against breakage a pressurized liquid, characterized in that that with a very rough outer surface an inner one Glass vessel (12) and an outer casing (14) made of thermoplastic material is provided, which surrounds the glass vessel. . exists and is essentially: over the entire surface of the Olas vessel. extends, the outer envelope having an average thickness of about 0.25 to 0.38 mm, and that the outer surface (18.) of the outer envelope (1.4) ″ has an average deviation from the average thickness of the envelope of at least approximately 20 <fo up and down. 7. Bottle according to claim 6 _f, characterized in that points of maximum and minimum thickness of the outer envelope (14) are randomly distributed on the surface, and that about 2 -an between 250 and 750 points per inch / 3. Surface are provided, both for the maximum and the minimum thickness ». -, _ ' - -. .. BAD ORiGlNAt 20 98S6 / Ö227 β. A composite bottle, protected against breakage, for holding liquids, characterized in that, in the case of a very rough outer surface, an inner glass vessel (12) and an outer casing (14) made of thermoplastic material are provided which surrounds the casing and essentially extends over it entire surface extends, and that the outer casing (14) has an average thickness between about 0.25 and 0.38 mm, the maximum thickness exceeding the average value by about 80 to 120 ^, and the minimum thickness about 50 to 95 fo is less than the mean value. 9. Composed bottle, protected against breakage, for holding liquids, since dm? eh. characterized that in the case of a surface with great roughness an 'inner glass vessel (12) and an outer casing (14) made of thermoplastic material are provided, which surrounds the inner vessel and essentially covers its entire surface, and that the percentage of visible Light in the wavelength range between 500 and 800 millimicrons is between about 5 and 20 ^e / o . 10, container, characterized by an inner glass container (12) and a tight-fitting protective casing (14) which retains the vessel substantially covering, wherein the outer sheath consists of dimensionally stable, flexible resin, the glass Bruck pieces and a plurality yon outwardly extending Possesses node areas (20). 11. Container, characterized in that an inner glass vessel (12) and an outer casing (14) made of flexible, dimensionally stable Resin, is provided, which coherently covers the gross th part of the vessel in such a way that they glass fragments withholds, and that the wrapping a variety of after externally extending shock-absorbing knot areas (20) owns. BATH 209888/0 * 227 r ■■ '■, - - I 12. Container, characterized in that an inner glass vessel '·' (12) provided with a wall thickness of approximately 0.76 "to 3.0 mm ! is that an outer cohesive sheath (14) from "flexible, dimensionally stable plastic with a thickness of j about 0.1 to 0.46 mm is provided, and that the envelope f has a large number of outwardly extending structures (20) \ . j 13. Container according to claim 12, characterized in that
; a thermoplastic polymer is provided as the resin. 14. Container according to claim 13, characterized in that the thermoplastic polymer is selected from the group that ,! - from thermoplastic polymers of butadiene, acrylate, Ethylene, propylene, styrene, vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate,
consists. 15. Container according to claim 13 _? · Characterized in that the thermoplastic polymer is polyethylene. 16. Container according to claim 13> characterized in that the t thermoplastic polymer an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene ; Copolymer is. 17. Container according to claim 13, characterized in that the thermoplastic polymer is impact resistant polystyrene. 18. Container according to claim 10, characterized in that the dimensionally stable resin is polyethylene. The patent attorney: 209886/0227 Ali Blank page