DE222960C

DE222960C -

Info

Publication number: DE222960C
Application number: DENDAT222960D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

-JVe 222960¹-KLASSE 49,^GRUPPE 1%. - JVe 222960 ¹ - CLASS 49, ^ GROUP 1%.

scHWEiszuNG in Zürich.WELDING IN ZURICH.

Legierungen.Alloys.

Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 13. November 1906 ab.Patented in the German Empire on November 13, 1906.

Der Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur autogenen Lötung bzw. Schweißung von Aluminium oder aluminiumreichen Legierungen.The subject of the present invention is a method for autogenous soldering or Welding of aluminum or aluminum-rich alloys.

Während eine ganze Anzahl von Metallen, wie Eisen, Platin, Kupfer, sich mit Hilfe einer heißen Stichflamme autogen, also ohne Zuhilfenahme irgendeines Fremdmetalles löten lassen, ist es bisher nicht gelungen, AluminiumWhile quite a number of metals, such as iron, platinum, copper, get with the help autogenous with a hot jet flame, i.e. soldering without the aid of any foreign metal let, so far it has not been possible to use aluminum

ίο in derselben Weise mit Aluminium zu verbinden bzw. Aluminium zu schweißen. Bei hoher Temperatur bildet sich nämlich an den zu verbindenden Aluminiumoberflächen eine Oxydhaut, die trotz der Dünne verhindert, daß das flüssige Aluminium zusammenfließt.ίο to connect with aluminum in the same way or to weld aluminum. At high temperatures, a surface forms on the aluminum surfaces to be joined Oxide skin which, despite its thinness, prevents the liquid aluminum from flowing together.

Es ist zwar ein Verfahren bekannt geworden, nach welchem eine unmittelbare Verbindung von Aluminium mit Aluminium dadurch ermöglicht werden kann, daß das Aluminium bei einem bestimmten Hitzegrad, der noch unter dem der Glühhitze liegt, weich wird und sich in diesem Zustande mit anderen gleichfalls entsprechend erhitzten Stücken durch Hämmern derart verbinden läßt, daß ein vollständig homogenes Ganzes entsteht; aber dieses Verfahren ist in der Praxis schwer durchführbar, da die genaue Innehaltung der Schweißtemperatur, die für das genannte Verfahren unbedingte Voraussetzung ist, im allgemeinen nicht zu erreichen ist. Als Laboratoriumsexperiment lassen ' sich derartige Schweißüngen allerdings bewerkstelligen. In die Praxis hat dieses Verfahren, wie angedeutet, sich keinen weiteren Eingang verschaffen können. A process has become known according to which aluminum is directly bonded to aluminum can be made possible that the aluminum at a certain heat level, which is still under which the glowing heat lies, becomes soft and in this state becomes with others can also connect appropriately heated pieces by hammering in such a way that a completely homogeneous whole is created; but this procedure is difficult in practice feasible, since the precise maintenance of the welding temperature required for the process mentioned unconditional requirement is, in general cannot be reached. Such welds can, however, be accomplished as a laboratory experiment. In In practice, as indicated, this procedure has not been able to gain any further entry.

Bezüglich der Aluminiumlötung vermittels eines Lötmetalles von niedrigerem Schweißpunkt als dem des Aluminiums, wie Zink, Zinn, Legierungen aller Art, ist zu bemerken,, daß derartige Lötungen auf die Dauer die Festigkeit und den Zusammenhang verlieren, da insbesondere bei Gegenwart von Wasser unvermeidlich lokale Elektrolyse eintritt, die bei der autogenen Lötung, wo kein Fremdmetall zugegen ist, ganz und gar ausgeschlossen ist.Regarding the aluminum brazing by means of a brazing metal with a lower welding point as that of aluminum, such as zinc, tin, alloys of all kinds, is to be noted, that such soldering in the long run Loss of strength and connection, especially in the presence of water inevitable local electrolysis occurs, which is the case with autogenous soldering where no foreign metal is present is present, utterly excluded is.

Nach der Erfindung soll nun Aluminium in jeder beliebigen Form, als Guß, Blech, Draht, mit einer geeigneten Stichflamme unter Zuhilfenahme einer die Aluminiumoxydschichfen lösenden Flüssigkeit so vereinigt werden, wie dies für Blei z. B. schon seit langem bekannt ist. Wenn man von der Verwendung der lösenden Flüssigkeit absieht, decken sich die Manipulationen bei der autogenen Aluminiumlötung ziemlich genau mit denen bei der Bleilötung.According to the invention, aluminum should now be in any form, as cast, sheet metal, Wire, with a suitable jet flame with the help of an aluminum oxide layer dissolving liquid are combined in the same way as for lead z. B. known for a long time is. If you disregard the use of the dissolving liquid, they coincide the manipulations in the case of autogenous aluminum soldering are pretty much the same as those in the lead soldering.

Das Flußmittel kann verschiedene Zusammensetzung aufweisen und wird im allgemeinen auch immer nach der Dicke des zu schweißenden Materials und nach der Art der zu verwendenden Stichflamme verändert werden müssen, ν Für die letzlere kann man z. B. Acetylen und Sauerstoff oder LeuchtgasThe flux can have various compositions and is generally used can also always be changed according to the thickness of the material to be welded and the type of jet flame to be used must, ν For the latter one can z. B. acetylene and oxygen or luminous gas

Claims

2290022900

and use oxygen. However, it is closed note that the gas mixture expediently has an excess of hydrogen, thus, as is generally known, is able to exert a reducing effect. Here is an easier confluence of the liquid aluminum is guaranteed.

When using the acetylene oxygen flame, a mixture of 60 parts of potassium chloride, 12 parts of sodium chloride and 4 parts of potassium sulfate has proven to be advantageous. With a less hot jet flame (luminous gas - oxygen or hydrogen - oxygen) it is advisable to add a little more potassium sulfate or to select eutectic mixing ratios in order to lower the melting point of the mixture. _v

Incidentally, the effect of the above-mentioned mixture is twofold: on the one hand, it exists in that the thin aluminum oxide skins are in Solution are brought, on the other hand, the substance protects the hot metal surfaces from the The effect of the air is therefore identical in this respect to borax during hard soldering work. ■

It should be mentioned here that aluminum soldering processes are known in which anhydrous Haloid salts come into use as fluxes. Likewise are methods of manufacture known from solders in which haloid salts are used. The present invention is thus in primarily about the transfer of a flux known in soldering to achieve this a new effect consisting in; that aluminum combines directly with aluminum is used during each soldering process through the! Use of a binding agent Solder made of foreign metal is marked.

In practice, the new method is designed so that the flux Applied to the points to be connected in a suitable manner as an aqueous paste or as a powder and by means of a Jet flame is heated until the flux comes to melt. Comes shortly after also the aluminum for melting. Similar to lead soldering, the Place material in the form of aluminum wire on solder joints. Nicer and more even However, seams are obtained if one side of the sheet is flanged 1 to 2 mm is. In the case of thick, 4 to 8 mm thick sheets, it is recommended to use the areas to be connected Filing at an angle and not pushing the sheets all the way together, as the aluminum expands greatly in the heat and makes it difficult to flow through when completely touched will.

As can already be seen from the consideration, such welds become physical and chemical properties of pure aluminum, what both by technological tests as well as by photomicrographic examination of etched Grinding on welded sheets has been proven to be flawless.

: ■ Patent claim:.

Method of welding or; Ver - .., ■; Melting aluminum or aluminum-rich alloys without the aid 'of solder from foreign metals, characterized in that the to be ^joined: the points to be welded or fused together to form parts with a ■ mixture of alkali metal chlorides in a ^liquid.,: Dough. or powdery state. "

■■■!■■■■■! ■■