DE2227280A1 - Method and apparatus for contacting and / or dispersing fluids and other materials - Google Patents

Description

THOMSEN - TlEDTKE - BüHLING TEL. (0811) 53 0211 TELEX: 5-24 303 topat

6302 «

PATENT LAWYERS

Munich: Frankfurt / M. :

Dipl.-Chem. Dr. D. Thomsen Dipl.-Ing. W. Welnkauff

Dipl.-Ing. H. Tiedtke (Fuchshohl 71)

Dipl.-Chem. G. Buehling
Dipl.-Ing. R. Kinne
Dipl.-Chem. Dr. U. Eggers

8000 Munich 2 Kaiser-Ludwig-Platze June 5, 1972

Kansai Kagaku Kikai Seisaku Kabushiki Kaisha

Hyogo, Japan

Method and apparatus for contacting and / or dispersing fluids and others

materials

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for contacting and dispersing of materials, in particular on a new lifting floor for a distillation tower, a rectifier, a ' Absorption tower or the like.

There are known column trays, e.g. B. Bell bottom, Sieve trays, flap trays, vortex trays, etc. These floors have however disadvantages. So z. B. sieve trays that do not have downcomers or downflow facilities for distillation

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of liquid from an upper tray to a lower need only be used in very narrow operating areas. A sieve has openings that are wide enough for a liquid on the sieve to move downwards against the rising steam can fall on the lower sieve, regardless of how much rising steam is present. It can therefore be any liquid fall freely on a sieve onto the lower sieve without any significant resistance from rising steam, when the rising amount of steam becomes very small. There is no liquid to be evaporated on the sieve. this means in other words that e3 when using seven it is necessary to have a steam load available at the bottom of a tower to have, otherwise an undesirable in the upper part of the tower with a view to decreasing steam load or steam load Losing weight occurs when holding fluid.

These column or mold trays cannot ensure the desired contact and dispersion.

The invention provides a new ground to materials bring into contact and disperse without the aforementioned difficulties.

The structure and operation of the floor is explained below.

The floor according to the invention consists of a perforated fixed plate and one or more perforated movable plates, see J) Te movable plates

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above the fixed plate. The moving plates touch the fixed plate but float freely in a vertical direction Direction above the fixed plate as soon as the operating sequence begins. The route over which the moveable Moving panels is limited by stoppers provided on guides. The tours are on the fixed plate or on the wall of the tower and extend through the movable plates. Prevent the guides also that the movable plates move in the horizontal direction; move.

The perforations of the movable plates do not always coincide with those of the fixed plate. In other words, this means that at least some of the perforations of the movable plates can be closed by the imperforate part of the fixed plate. The perforation ratio or the free space ratio, which is defined as the ratio of the total perforation area or total slot area of the tray to the cross-sectional area of the empty column, is between zero and 20 % (minimum perforation ratio) when no load is applied, i.e. when the movable plates are static on the stationary one Resting plate. Zero % perforation ratio means that all holes of the fixed plate are completely covered by imperforate parts of the movable plates. This ratio can be controlled by the relative positions of the two plates. The movable plates can move to the level of the stoppers. At the same time, the perforation ratio is from zero to 20 %

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changed to 20 to 60 % in what is called the maximum perforation ratio.

The shape, size, number and arrangement of the perforations is not critical and depends on the purpose and the method of application, the properties of the material to be treated Materials and operating conditions. The shape of the perforations can be, for. B. circular and / or rectangular. If the tower diameter is large, the fixed plate and also the movable plates can be divided into segments. As described above, two or more movable plates can be used.

Any cross-sectional shape of the tower is possible, e.g. B. circular, rectangular, polygonal, etc.

If the flow of continuous fluid is large, downcomers or risers can be used to reduce the pressure drop or fall devices or climbing devices are provided.

By dividing the flow areas into segments, larger cross-sectional areas can be used for a continuous flow of fluid can be achieved.

The tray according to the invention can be used for a rectification column, a distillation column, one intermittent or continuously working separator for

209851/1107 ORIGINAL BATHROOM

Liquid-liquid, one intermittent or continuous working reactor for liquid-gas or liquid-liquid, a multi-plate gas absorber, a continuously operating multiple fermentation device, a deodorization device, a continuously operating device for exposure to air, a trickle tower, etc. For example, the soil used for the distillation of alcohol, for the rectification of petroleum and the like »

Ascending fluids, such as steam, rise through the perforations in the fixed plate and lift the moving plate. Both plates are z. B. in liquid. Bubbling through or bubbling, mixing, contacting and dispersing or Mixing takes place between the fixed plate and the movable plate. The same thing occurs between the movable ones Plates, if more than two movable plates are used. The moving plates move in dependence by the force of rising fluids - up and down. Move If the movable plates move in a horizontal direction, there is a risk that the perforation ratio will always is held at the maximum value as the force will not be effective to reduce the perforation ratio. It gives " Then there is no change in the perforation ratio. The inventive Bottom is designed so that the perforation ratio is changed automatically and continuously depending on the load, in order to guarantee the operation. The speed of the surface through the perforation: the floor

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flowing fluid is kept constant no matter how the load is changed. When distilling z. B. the top plate moves down as the Dairnf load in the tower decreases. In this way the perforation ratio is reduced. In other words, this means that the passages through which the rising steam passes
get smaller. As a result, the velocity of the steam passing through the floor is kept essentially constant,
while at the same time the liquid level on the floor above - if essentially constant - remains constant. It is thus the same
Upward pressure off the pressure drop, if any.

As described above, it is possible to work in a very wide range from 5 to 100 % load, since that
Perforation ratio is controlled automatically.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to schematic drawings.

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an inventive device Floor;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in Fig. 1 and shows a working insert;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of another embodiment of a tray according to the invention;

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Pig. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a

. Luft-WasserrSystern the speed at which. Base of the tower cross-sectional area, and the Illustrates pressure drop on the floor according to the invention and conventional floors; ...... - ■

Fig. 5 is a graphical representation included in a. Air (methanol plus water) system the air velocity based on the tower cross-sectional area and the efficiency of the floor according to the invention and the conventional one Bell bottom clarified.

The invention is described below for the case of producing pure methanol from a water-methanol system in countercurrent.

1 and 2 is a fixed plate. 2 set horizontally in a tower 1. On the fixed plate 2 there is a movable plate 3. The diameter of the movable plate is almost the same as that of the fixed plate, but slightly smaller. The movable plate can move vertically and is guided by guides 5 which are provided vertically on the perimeter of the tower 1. The guides 5 have stoppers at the top. The reference numeral 4 denotes notches which are provided on the circumference of the movable plate and which receive the guides 5. The notches k also prevent horizontal movement of the movable plate.

A number of holes 7 and 7 are provided in plates 2 and 3, respectively. The overlap of holes of both plates or the perforation ratio can be controlled by the relative position of the two plates 2 and 3.

According to FIG. 3, elongated holes or elongated slots 6 'and 7' can be used instead of holes 6 and 7. Fig. 3 shows where the elongated holes 6 'and 7 ^f cross each other at right angles. Reference numerals 2 'and 3' denote a fixed plate and a movable plate, respectively. If the holes 6 or the elongated holes 6 'of the fixed plate are completely covered by the movable plate, the perforation ratio is zero.

If an ascending fluid (ζ. Β. Vapor) reaches the fixed plate 1, the movable plate 2 floats in a liquid and lifts itself away from the fixed plate 1 in the vertical direction along the guides 5. The moving plate rises depending on the fluid pressure or the load. The perforation ratio changes accordingly. If the fluid load reaches the maximum, the perforation ratio is between 20 and 60 %. The ascending or lifting does not mean that the movable plate always rises in a parallel position to the fixed plate. Sometimes only one side of the moving plate rises, much like the pounding of a ship.

The above description only refers to one

movable plate. However, it can be fixed on the

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Plate two or more movable plates are provided. Guided tours can be provided from place to place, if the diameter of the fixed plate is large. The advantages of the column tray according to the invention are as follows:

1. Remarkably high efficiency over the entirety of the plates (Fig. 5). Especially in the case of gas-liquid contact the ideal bubbling or foaming layer is obtained. Ideal countercurrent contact is achieved in order to to obtain higher efficiency in the distillation than with conventional bubble-cap trays, w: fe this can be seen in FIG.

2. Low pressure drop (Fig. 4). The pressure drop in the column tray according to the invention is significantly lower than with the conventional column tray (1 / 2-1 / 5 compared to the conventional tray), because the shape and dimensions are correct the holes or elongated holes and the desired perforation ratio and the thickness of both plates can be chosen in a simple manner.

3. Much stable operating range. The load or load can be between 5 and 100 % because the perforation ratio is automatically controlled depending on the load. The floor of the present invention can operate stably for a long period of time.

¹ I. Large capacity. A downpipe or a falling device is not necessary, so that the capacity is increased with a low pressure drop and high efficiency.

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5. Less dragging. The speed of the fluid passing through the perforated surface of the floor is constant and is lower than the conventional floors. As a result, the entrainment is less and the bubbles are more stable.

The invention thus provides a method and apparatus for contacting and / or dispersing or by mixing fluids and other materials (gas-liquid, liquid-liquid, gas-solid, Liquid-solid), with a rectified flow or in the countercurrent principle through one or more perforated and moving plates is worked on a fixed plate. The perforated plates are ascending through the Fluid raised vertically and freely, with the perforation ratio can be set automatically and the speed of the through the perforated surface of the floor flowing fluid is kept constant regardless of the change in load.

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Claims (7)

Claims 1. Device for bringing into contact and / or dispersing of fluids and other materials in a tower or eine.Kolonne with column tray, characterized in that the column tray has a fixed perforated plate (2) and at least one movable perforated plate (3), the Diameter substantially equal to that of the fixed plate but slightly smaller, the movable plate being above the fixed plate and movable to a limited level in a substantially vertical direction depending on the fluid load. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the minimum perforation ratio is between zero and 20 % . 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforation is brought about through holes (6; 7). ¹ J. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the perforation is brought about ^{by elongated holes (6 1} ; 7 ^1). 5. Methods for contacting and / or dispersing fluids and other materials in a vertical zone by passing through in a rectified current and / or in the Gepenstrom by cino number 222 ^ 280 of limited passages, characterized in that the limited passages in at least two substantially parallel plates are provided, of which the lower plate is fixed and the upper plates freely in the vertical direction can swim a limited height depending on the fluid load. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the minimum perforation ratio as defined in the description is zero to 20 % . 7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that that the upper plate is not parallel to the lower plate in the vertical floating state. 209851/1107