DE2224267A1 - Method and device for the construction of buildings and structures - Google Patents

Description

Q) ,. ZLrLJ / KaMl 42 Oberhausen, May 17, 1972

Application files: 39.1

Oberhaus sen
lipperheidsfr. 30th

PATENT APPLICATION

Applicant: ALUTERV Aluminumipari Tervezö Völlalat Budapest XIII. Pozsonyi and 56. - Hungary -

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF STRUCTURES

AND CONSTRUCTIONS

The invention relates to a method and a device for building structures or constructions, where the individual ceilings are assembled on the terrain level and sunk from the sub-terrain level Lifts well with hydraulically raised pillars.

The ceiling lifting method was used in the construction industry used earlier.

The Hungarian engineer B £ la Simsondi Kiss was the first to develop the lifting method into a practically applicable construction method. The invented by him and ER-

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rehearsed building system was known under the name "Lift-slab" especially in the USA. Following this procedure will be the ceilings concreted on top of each other at the tarrain level lifted with the help of hydraulic hoists, which are mounted on the erected pillars.

In 1959, Ver -. search carried out for the further development of the ceiling lifting method. In Leningrad, the projectile lifting method, by lifting complete projectiles, was used The four-storey building was built to match the terrain level. This process has been further developed in such a way that that the lifting process begins below the terrain level, which is what the execution of 5- to 12-story buildings made possible. Hydraulic pillars mounted on the final foundations of the building structure were used for lifting Hoists, whereby a so-called installation cellar had to be built.

1964 was in England with a similar process, the so-called. Jack block method, a one-story Residential house built. The load-bearing pillars were lifted during the lifting process (with alternating lifting mechanisms, at low lifting height), formed from prefabricated solid concrete profiles (B 600).

The widespread use of these earlier construction methods was due to numerous related to their technology Difficulties hindering yourself! in most cases also detrimental to the economy had an impact.

The disadvantages of the listed procedures are:

- The overdimensioning of the pillars is unavoidable in most cases because of the risk of buckling;

- the 'raising of further pillar elements into large ones Heights is awkward and dangerous;

- the cycle change is complicated and requires

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changes a lot of time;

- Only hoists of fairly low power can be placed on the pillars;

- The pillars erected outdoors must be secured against tipping over in the initial phase;

- the process provides for the case of unfavorable founding conditions no solution;

- It is not possible to achieve a large number of storeys (the construction of multi-storey buildings);

- an installation basement must be built ;.

- if the stable ground is deep, the requires Foundation special solutions;

- only low lifting heights can be used;

- The continuity of the lifting process cannot be ensured will;

- The underpinning of the load-bearing pillars during the lifting process is one of many sub-processes, complicated work process;

- the pace of construction work is slowing down;

- the procedure is such that none of its variants reduce the earthquake caused stresses.

With the method according to the invention, the disadvantages mentioned are eliminated.

According to the inventive method, the structures by assembling and / or concreting the individual ceilings on the ground level and their lifting using hydraulic hoists designed in such a way that that the vertical pillars of the structure are sunk from below ground level. Well of diameter 0.5 - 5 m, preferably 1 - 3 m after fixing the ceilings of the individual floors on the pillars - expediently lifts up each floor after provisional fastening forms the well to the foundation and finally the lower end of the pillar with a rigid connection,

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or by interposing one with a vibration dampening Air tank connected to hydraulic medium and piston attached.

The construction essentially consists in that at the place of installation of the pillar or the pillar of the structure a drilled well or a large diameter well sunk in another way, or several wells are built v / need to ground. After the casing has been installed, the wells are used as hydraulic lifting cylinders by the pistons installed in the casing, the pillars of the structure and those assembled on the ground level Raise ceilings. The construction is lifted to the intended height either floor by floor or continuously.

In the case of point-shaped structures, the pillars be inserted into the prepared well at their full height from the terrain level. For multi-storey buildings With several pillars, you can proceed in such a way that the lifting with the piston located in the well is gradual takes place, the lifting height corresponds to the height of one floor and the pillars are installed floor by floor will. After the construction has been lifted into the intended position, the wells can be used as foundations for the pillars are used.

In earthquake-prone areas, the ge -, drive the destruction caused by earthquakes by completely or partially leaving the hydraulic Medium in the well and interposition of a vibration damping Air boiler can be reduced.

The inventive method is based on Ausfü'hrungsbeispielen, explained with the accompanying figures. Show it:

Fig. 1 shows a building structure raised continuously from a deep well, shown in section; Fig. 2 is a sectional drawing of a well

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shallow depth of gradually raised building; the casing takes on the function of the working cylinder;

Fig. "5 the same construction as in Fig. 2 shown, but with a working cylinder independent of the casing;

4 shows the structure shown in FIG. 2, but with the working cylinder open at the bottom;

Fig. 5 the gradual lifting of the load-bearing structure of the multi-storey building from egg nem deep boreholes, and those in the area of the borehole that are used for lifting;

6 shows the formation of the wells as a foundation after the construction has been lifted;

Fig. 7 the on 'Fig. 6, but with a vibration-damping system.

The more important phases of the method according to the invention for assembling structures are as follows:

The building (construction) can be moved continuously or periodically. For continuous lifting, the pillar l _f or the "rising" supporting structures of the building (structure) must be sunk according to its height, deep wells 2 (shafts, boreholes, holes), and the entire pillar is installed in this well ( in the case of Stalil concrete construction with sliding formwork); in this case the wells must be sunk as deep as the total height of the pillar. Smaller wells are built for periodic lifting, in which case the structure is lifted in storey by storey. .

If the movement is carried out with grip tabs 3, the well of the vertical load-bearing element is so ' sunk deep, like the total length of the pillar and the well is used during the lifting process for receiving, or. after completion of this process, in the concreted state, possibly for the deep foundation of the pillar. In this

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Pall are the hydraulic lifting wells used for moving 4 in the area of the deep wells corresponding to the height of the pillars.

After sinking, the wells are to be provided with casing pipes 6, which are in cement plugs at the well bottom be attached; then the annular cavity 7 between the rock and the casing with cement milk made of high-strength cement (specific weight 1.8) filled and possibly reinforced. The above-ground section of the fountain can be expanded as a "basement" according to the technological requirements (in the case of reusable Pipe sections), or to absorb the resulting load in the final state '.

After this preparation the wells are, if the pillars of the structure completely built into the wells should be to install the reciprocating piston 8. If the lifting process and the pillar installation are carried out in sections should, the reciprocating pistons and possibly the hydraulic working cylinder 9 are to be inserted into the casing. Thereafter the hydraulic punches 10 and the pressure line 11, as well as the regularity of the lifting process are controlling and regulating instruments installed. A self-locking forced connection is used to protect against slipping built-in.

The terrain regulation is to be carried out according to the character of the building. With shell constructions o.a. planar structures, the terrain profile must be such be designed so that the terrain level gives the negative profile of the lower surface of the shell construction in which If the soil compacted by ramming and covered with foil replaces the formwork. When the fountains ■ If the pillars are to take up their full height, these vertical pillars must be lowered gradually and continuously installed or concreted, with appropriate depth intervals to protect against kinking

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guide rings 12 provided with rollers are arranged.

The superstructure will be built on the prepared site 13 (ceiling, shell construction, water tank, etc.) or assembled. In the case of multi-storey buildings, the ceilings 14 of the individual floors can in principle -be pre-assembled arranged one above the other. Palis the building by lifting in the completely assembled floors is completed, the lifting process is carried out periodically (in sections).

The pre-assembled ceiling (or other superstructure) is rigidly connected to the pillars and to the energy the liquid in the hydraulic system · » ability - with the help of the pistons built into the well, the superstructure is started to be lifted.

The lifting process is carried out with the one on the pistons of the Diameter 1 - 3 m (or larger) can be seen exercised hjrdrauli Pressure triggered. The pumps located next to the wells supply the pressure energy of the hydraulic system 10. Depending on the desired pressure, the hydraulic pressure medium can be 01, mud or another suitable one Serve liquid.

After the structure has been brought into its final position, the hydraulic cylinders and pistons can be removed and used to dampen the seismic stresses.

In areas where there is no risk of earthquakes, the wells become the definitive foundation of the building formed that they were backfilled with concrete or the load on the, the lining pipe of the well around ~ enveloping cement ring transfers. In areas at risk of earthquakes, the hydraulic pressure medium remains in the well, or in the working cylinder back and to the pressure pipe of the hydraulics, an air tank 16 is connected, which in the case of of IR-earth shocks dampens the vibrations of the liquid and such a hydraulic vibration damper system 17

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■ educates. The air level required in each case in the air tank can be regulated automatically.

In a variant of the hydraulic working cylinder used for the step-by-step lifting process, the Open the working cylinder 18 at the bottom and connect it to the casing at the top with the seal. Must be in this pail only the inner surface of the relatively short working cylinder is finely machined for smooth movement of the piston will.

With the inventive method are the associated with the following advantages:

- Little space required for the construction site and material transport in densely populated areas, has a minimal disruptive impact on city life the execution of large and high structures;

- fast pace of construction and assembly work and therefore inexpensive possibility of using prefabricated parts, there are no stricter requirements for dimensional accuracy than the traditional ones Construction iron;

- the foundation problems are solved satisfactorily even in the most unfavorable soil conditions;

- the roofing constructions of structures with a large surface area (e.g. hangars, halls, etc.) can be easily manufactured and assembled at the terrain level, whereby the effort in scaffolding and formwork work reduced to a minimum;

- Compared to earlier lifting methods with hydraulics or in a similar way, a high lifting speed can be achieved and a large "lifting height" can be achieved with an almost unlimited load size;

- the process does not require any major technical Equipment than the usual construction methods of

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degree of chanization;

- the construction and assembly work can be carried out independently of the weather conditions;

- In areas prone to earthquakes, the damping of seismic forces affecting building structures claim to be secured without significant additional costs;

- through extensive use of the shaft drilling technology, which serves as the basis for the execution, the Possibility of mechanical sinking of the wells, secured;

- since the well axis does not have to be vertical, but can be chosen as desired, any spatial directions, with continuous or periodic assembly, large constructions (a.?·. Viaducts) moved or erected without scaffolding;

- also point-shaped structures (water towers, antenna towers etc.) are very easy to execute;

- The method according to the invention enables a comparison in addition to the previous methods, the faster execution of the lightweight construction or assembly construction erected structures.

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Claims (10)

PATENT CLAIMS C Iy procedure for the execution of structures or Constructions by assembling and / or concreting the individual ceilings or entire floors at the terrain level and their lifting with a hydraulic system, characterized by being the vertical one Supporting structures of the building from wells sunk below ground level with a diameter of 0.5 - 5m, preferably 1 - 3 m - after fixing the floor slabs or the entire floor to the vertical supporting structures - Lifts continuously or in stages, expediently by floor, after provisional fastening forms the well to the foundation and finally the load-bearing structure with a rigid connection or by interposing a hydraulic medium connected to a vibration-damping air tank and piston attached. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one is in the sunk well as a working cylinder introduces a casing, the cavity between its outside and the bottom with a The medium that can be set is filled and the pipe to be lifted in the casing pipe formed into the working cylinder Supporting structure connected reciprocating piston. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one in the sunk Well introduces a casing pipe, the cavity between its outer sides and the bottom with a settable medium and a hydraulic working cylinder is installed in the casing. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that to the Load-bearing structures to be lifted on the terrain level during the breaks in the lifting process or before its -10-209851/0095 At the beginning, at least one fully assembled floor. a complete construction is attached. 5. Device for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that that in the casing (6) of the well (2) or in the hydraulic working cylinder arranged therein (9) a hydraulic piston (8), which is connected to the vertical supporting structure of the building stands. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5 »characterized in that the working cylinder open at the bottom (18) is connected at the top to the casing with a seal (19). 7. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that in addition to the well, the take up the vertical support structure, to actuate the lifting process at least two hydraulic working cylinders (9) are arranged. . 8. Device according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that the axis the supporting structure deviates from the vertical, 9. Device according to any one of claims 5-8, characterized in that between the casing pipes and the pillars guide elements (12) are arranged. 10. Device according to any one of claims 5-9, characterized in that between the vertical supporting structure of the fully assembled structure and its foundation a hydraulic vibration damper (17) is arranged, de '"with an air tank (16) communicates. BATH ORIGINAL -11- 0985 1/069