DE2216199A1 - Method for producing solidified flat structures, in particular textile flat structures, preferably nonwovens - Google Patents

Description

received a m /j.* m ¥ ■ / - *

Process for the production of consolidated sheet-like structures, in particular textile fabrics, preferably nonwovens

The invention relates to a method for producing solidified Flat structures, in particular textile flat structures, preferably nonwovens, with the other at the same time advantageous properties, in particular color pattern effects, can be achieved.

It is known to strengthen nonwovens made of fibers mechanically, for example by needling, knitting and the like. Disadvantageous here it is that the solidifying effect is generally insufficient.

It is also known to use nonwovens by polymerization or condensation solidify monomeric to polymeric substances. The disadvantage is that stiffening of the fleece occurs, whereby valuable textile properties, especially suppleness and the like, are lost.

It has also been proposed to produce nonwovens directly from foils. The foils are subjected to mechanical treatment for the purpose of improving the splicing properties irradiated by means of high-energy rays, in particular electron beams, and then the foils, for example by needling, converted into a fleece. The disadvantage here is that such nonwovens are essentially technical Textiles, can hardly be used as clothing textiles.

2098Α7 / Λ02Β

ORIGINAL

Finally, it was proposed to use wet spun fibers, in particular to modify polyacrylonitrile fibers by maintaining the gel state through exchange processes is, whereby subsequent refinement processes, in particular radiation-chemical refinement processes are favored. Nonwovens made of fibrous materials treated in this way, however, have a low solidification.

It is the purpose of the invention to remedy the disadvantages of the previous Remove fleeces, especially the low strengths.

The object of the invention is to provide a method for consolidating flat structures, in particular textile flat structures, preferably nonwovens, with the knowledge gained in the manufacture of nonwovens directly from foils as well as in used in the production of exchanged polyacrylonitrile fibers and thus other advantageous properties at the same time, in particular, a soft handle, suppleness and color pattern effects can be achieved.

According to the invention, the object is achieved in that from one or more fiber components and at least Flat structure consisting of a thermoplastic component is locally heated and preferably before and / or during and // or mechanically compressed after the local exposure to heat will. It is advantageous to use the thermoplastic fiber component during the production of the fabric »· Process in the form of one or more, preferably uniaxially stretched and before the fabric production process for Purpose of achieving better spliceability with high-energy beams, preferably electron beams, irradiated films, in particular uniaxially stretched polypropylene films, to be introduced into the fabric.

A further advantage is that the various components, in particular the non-thermoplastic fiber material components

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and one or more uniaxially stretched thermoplastic pollen Material, before the sheet formation process with high-energy beams, preferably electron beams, be irradiated. It is expedient to use the plan structure before and / or after local heating and / or irradiation with high-energy rays with chemicals, inebet special monomers, for example an aqueous acrylic acid solution and / or polymers, for example unsaturated polyester resins, to contact.

It can be considered non-thermoplastic. Component a wet spun, modified polyacrylonitrile fiber material can be introduced through the exchange and displacement process. The local Heating can be done by means of heated needle beds or by laser beams take place. It is advantageous that the planar structures are punctiform and / or linear and / or by laser beams grid-like and / or these combined are locally heated, the laser beams being deflected by methods known per se will.

The invention is to be explained in more detail below with the aid of some exemplary embodiments. In the accompanying drawing, Pig. 1 shows the schematic representation of the production of a consolidated nonwoven fabric from a viscose-polypropylene fiber mixture, pig. 2 shows the schematic representation of the production of a consolidated needle-punched fleece from two needle-punched nonwovens and a splittable film made of polypropylene; A the schematic representation of the production of a consolidated fleece from exchanged polyacrylonitrile fibers and a film, the initiation of a radiation-chemical reaction of the exchanged fibers, a radiation-chemical reaction of the exchanged fibers and the spliceability of the fo''ie by an equilateral

reached wc-rdon, Pig. 5 that scheme of the

2098A7 / 102G. ~ ⁴ -

BATH

Manufacture of a polyacrylonitrile-polypropylene fleece Fig. 6 shows the linear deflection of the laser beam and Fig. 7 shows the raster-shaped deflection of the laser beam.

Example 1 χ ·

A non-woven fabric 1 with a basis weight of 150 g / m, which consists of 6OfS of viscose fibers (staple length 100mm) and 405 »of polypropylene fibers (staple length 30 mm), is made punctiform with a grid spacing of 10 ram by means of laser beams 2 of suitable wavelength and intensity irradiated · As a result, the polypropylene fiber component melts and leads to local welding of the fleece. Man In this way, a consolidated nonwoven fabric 3 is obtained (FIG. 1).

Example 2:

Two needle felts 4 made of viscose fibers with a surface

Masses of 70 g / m each are stretched with a unidirectional Film made of polypropylene 5 with a thickness of for the purpose of improving the splicability by means of Electron beams irradiated up to a dose of 7 x 10 rad was fed to the needle board 6 and needled together. As a result, the film splits into individual fibers The subsequent punctiform irradiation by means of laser beams 2 of suitable wavelength and intensity leads to a local welding of the fleeces, whereby a substantial bonding of the fleece is achieved (Fig. 2)

Example 3:

Two carded nonwovens made of cotton 7 with a basis weight

P.
of 60 g / m each are with two transversely stretched films 8 and a longitudinally stretched film 9 made of polypropylene with a thickness of 30 · ^, which were irradiated by means of electron beams up to a dose of 6 · 10 ^r & d for the purpose of improving the spliceability , dom needle bed 6 fed and needled together. Splice this way

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rl «·%

the foils in single fibers. The subsequent punctiform irradiation by means of laser beams 2 of suitable wavelength and intensity for a local welding of the nonwovens, as a result of which a nonwoven solidification is achieved (Pig. 3). ■

Example 4:

A uniaxially stretched polypropylene film (thickness 50.J ** ⁵¹ ) 10 is covered with a PVY fiber fleece 11 and, under the scanner 12, an electron accelerator 13 is covered with electrons 14

7 *

irradiated (dose 10'rad). The solidification takes place between the roller pairs 15 through the needle bed 6, the polypropylene film splitting. Laser beams 2 create punctiform fusions in the fleece, which lead to solidification. At the same time, the active species generated by the electron beams H in the PVY fiber material 11 are destroyed by the thermal effect on the melted parts. In Pfropfgefäß 16 The thus pretreated fabric is grafted in a 15 # aqueous Akrxlamidlösung at 70 ⁰ C. The acid dye added to the graft bath is only absorbed by the grafted fleece areas, which results in a color pattern. After the dryer 17 and the pair of rollers 15, the solidified fleece is wound up (Fig. 4)

Example 5i

A cotton fabric with a weight per unit area of 150 g / m 2 is used fed together with two polypropylene foils made spliceable by irradiation to a malipole machine. Through this A malipolar surface pattern is created, whereby the foils are spliced under the influence of the needles and inserted into the cotton fabric be incorporated. A subsequent thermal treatment leads to a melting of the polypropylene fibers and thus to a welding of the knobs, thereby a sufficient knob fixation without impairment of the textile character.

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Example 6:

A fleece (Pig. 5) made of polyacrylonitrile fibers with a weight per unit area of 180 g / m, exchanged according to methods known to calibration, is brought together with two cinaxially stretched pollen made of polyporphylene with a thickness of 30 ^ ¹ ': and under the scanner 3 of the electron accelerator 4 with Electron beams 5 are irradiated up to a dose of 5 · 10 rad ". In this process, reactive centers for a subsequent graft copolymerization are generated in the nonwoven, while the uniaxially stretched films 2 have good splicing properties The nonwoven after-treated in this way is compressed in a roller squeeze bar 7 and then irradiated by means of laser beams 8. The punctiform irradiation is generated by means of a pulsed laser device of known design with appropriate optics for beam splitting or by means of several pulsed lasers For the purpose of grafting, the fleece is supplied with an aqueous acrylic acid solution 9 to which a suitable dye has been added, the contact time being 30 seconds. The fleece is then washed in the washing machine 10, dried in the dryer 11 and wound onto the dock 12. In this way, a consolidated, structured fleece with additional favorable properties, in particular clothing design and representative properties, is obtained.

Example 7 »

The fleece produced according to Example 6 is irradiated by means of laser beams. The linear irradiation achieved by using cylindrical lenses 13 of a known type (Pig.G). The further treatment of the fleece takes place as described in example 1.

Example 81

The fleece produced according to Example 6 is nittele Laeer-

209847/1026. .7.

radiate irradiated. The linear irradiation achieved by using cylindrical lenses 13 of a known type (FIG. 6). The further treatment of the fleece takes place as described in example 1.

Example 8:

The fleece produced according to Example 6 is irradiated with Aittele laser beams. The grid-shaped irradiation that
for example, to a steppmuater-like structure effect
leads, is achieved in that the fleece is irradiated by means of two pulsed lasers 8, whose rays each through
a cylindrical line optics 14 can be mapped linearly (Pig. 7). The other B _s treatment of the fleece wi occurs ·
described in example 1.

2098Λ7 / 1026

Claims (8)

received s claims 1. A method for producing solidified flat structures, in particular textile flat structures, preferably of nonwovens, characterized in that one or more fiber components and planar structures consisting of at least one thermoplastic component are locally heated and are preferably mechanically compressed before and / or during and / or after the local exposure to heat. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the thermoplastic fiber component is in shape during the sheet manufacturing process one or more, preferably uniaxially stretched and with high-energy beams, preferably electron beams, before the fabric production process, irradiated films, in particular uniaxially stretched polypropylene films, introduced into the flat structure will. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the various components, in particular not thermoplastic fiber component and one or more uniaxially stretched foils made of thermoplastic material »before the fabric production process with high energy Rays, preferably electron beams, are irradiated. 4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that that the flat structures before and / or after the local heating and / or irradiation with high-energy Blasting with chemicals, especially monomers, for example an aqueous alkali acid solution, and / or Polymers, for example unsaturated polyester resins, are contacted. 2 0 98 47/1026 ~ * ~ ■ 1 * - 4 * 22T6199 5. The method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that that the non-thermoplastic component is a wet spun, through exchange and displacement processes modified, polyacrylonitrile fiber is introduced. · 6. The method according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that • that the flat structures are locally heated by heated Uadel beds. 7. The method according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the planar structure is locally heated by laser beams will. 8. The method according to claim 1 and 7, characterized in that that the planar structures are punctiform and / or linear and / or rasterförraig and / or by laser beams these are heated in combination, the laser beams being deflected by methods known per se. 209847/1026 Blank page