DE221338C

DE221338C -

Info

Publication number: DE221338C
Application number: DENDAT221338D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

- M 221338 KLASSE 13 h. GRUPPE- M 221338 CLASS 13 h. GROUP

LUCIEN NEU in PARIS.LUCIEN NEW in PARIS.

Vorwärmer für Dampfkesselspeisewasser.Preheater for steam boiler feed water.

Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 22. November 1908 ab.Patented in the German Empire on November 22, 1908.

Es sind bereits Vorwärmer für Dampfkesselspeisewasser bekannt, bei welchen der Druck im Vorwärmer ein wenig höher gehalten wird, als der Wasserverdampfung bei der höchsten Temperatur entspricht, welche das Wasser im Vorwärmer erreichen kann, also etwa gleich 1,5 kg bei iio° Temperatur des Wassers. Das vorgewärmte Wasser wird dann aus dem Vorwärmet durch eine Pumpe in den Kessel gefördert. In dieser Weise wird der Vorwärmer, wie groß auch der Druck im Dampfkessel sein möge, stets nur einem Überdruck von 0,5 kg unterworfen. Dieser Überdruck ist ausreichend, um die Bildung von Dampfblasen im Vorwärmer zu verhindern, und da er sehr gering ist, so sind sowohl die Konstruktion der Vorwärmevorrichtung als auch ihre Unterhaltung mit geringen Kosten verknüpft. Außerdem wird infolge der · Möglichkeit, dünnwandigeThere are already preheaters for steam boiler feed water known, in which the pressure is kept a little higher in the preheater than the water evaporation at the highest Corresponds to the temperature that the water in the preheater can reach, i.e. roughly the same 1.5 kg at 100 ° temperature of the water. That Preheated water is then pumped from the preheating unit into the boiler. In this way, whatever the pressure in the steam boiler, the preheater will be may, always only subjected to an overpressure of 0.5 kg. This overpressure is sufficient to prevent the formation of vapor bubbles in the preheater, and because it is very low so are both the construction of the preheater and its maintenance associated with low costs. In addition, due to the possibility of thin-walled

Rohre zu verwenden, eine vorzügliche Überleitung der in den Gasen enthaltenen Wärmeeinheiten auf das Wasser ermöglicht.To use pipes, an excellent transfer of the thermal units contained in the gases allows on the water.

Für den Betrieb von Niederdruckvorwärmern dieser Art bediente man sich aber bisher zweier Pumpen, von denen die eine das Kaltwasser saugt und in den Vorwärmer drückt, während die andere das vorgewärmte Wasser in den Kessel weiter fördert. Hierbei ist weder die Leitung zwischen der ersten Pumpe und dem Vorwärmer, noch der Vorwärmer selbst, noch die Leitung zwischen letzterem und der zweiten Pumpe mit einem Entlastungsventil versehen. Wenn nun bei einer solchen Anlage zur Zuführung des Wassers in den Vorwärmer eine KoI-benpumpe verwendet wird, so kann man das Verhältnis der Abmessungen für beide Pumpen nicht nach Belieben kleiner, gleich oder größer als die Zahl Eins wählen. Um eine Anlage dieser Art betriebsfähig zu machen, müssen im Gegenteil beide Pumpen in bezug auf Leistung und Druck genau geregelt sein, wobei auch die Spannungsverluste und Wasserluste auf dem die beiden Pumpen verbindenden Weg zu berücksichtigen sind. Außerdem muß diese Regelung so getroffen sein, daß sie den augenblicklichen Schwankungen der Verdampfung und des Kesseldruckes Rechnung trägt. Wenn z. B. die in die Kessel fördernde Pumpe versagt, während die den Vorwärmer versorgende Pumpe weiter arbeitet, so entsteht in der die beiden Pumpen verbindenden Rohrleitung ein Überdruck, der zu einem Rohrbruch führen kann. Die Gefahr wird noch erhöht, wenn in dieser Rohrleitung durch Entweichen von Dampf aus dem Innern des Vorwärmers Überdruck entsteht. Die Erfindung bezweckt die Schaffung eines in jeder Beziehung betriebsfähigen Niederdruckvorwärmers, bei welchem die vorgenannten Übelstände beseitigt sind.Up to now, however, two have been used to operate low-pressure preheaters of this type Pumps, one of which sucks the cold water and presses it into the preheater while the other conveys the preheated water into the boiler. Here is neither the Line between the first pump and the preheater, nor the preheater itself, still the line between the latter and the second pump is provided with a relief valve. If, in such a system, a pump is used to feed the water into the preheater is used, the ratio of the dimensions for both pumps cannot be smaller, equal to or larger at will choose as the number one. In order to make a system of this type operational, must on the contrary, both pumps are precisely regulated in terms of power and pressure, whereby also the voltage losses and water losses on the one connecting the two pumps Way to be considered. In addition, this regulation must be made in such a way that it does takes into account instantaneous fluctuations in evaporation and boiler pressure. If z. B. the pump feeding into the boiler fails, while the one feeding the preheater If the pump continues to work, it is created in the pipeline connecting the two pumps an overpressure that can lead to a pipe rupture. The risk is increased if there is an escape in this pipeline overpressure is created by steam from inside the preheater. The invention aims to provide one in all respects operable low-pressure preheater which the aforementioned deficiencies have been eliminated.

Im wesentlichen besteht die Erfindung darin, daß die Kaltwassereintrittsstelle des Vorwärmers entweder durch eine Rohrleitung mit einem mit der Außenluft in ungehinderter Verbindung stehenden, und so hoch angeordneten Speisebehälter verbunden ist, daß der Druck im Vorwärmer nur ein wenig höher als die Wasserdampfspannung, welche der vom Wasser erreichten Höchsttemperatur entspricht, gehalten wird, oder auch die vorbezeichnete Speisung in den Vorwärmer unter dem beabsichtigten niedrigen Druck mittels einer ventil-Essentially, the invention consists in the fact that the cold water entry point of the preheater either through a pipeline with an unhindered connection with the outside air standing, and so high arranged food container is connected that the pressure in the preheater only a little higher than the water vapor tension, which is that of the water reached maximum temperature, is maintained, or the aforementioned feed into the preheater under the intended low pressure by means of a valve

Claims

loose centrifugal pump or by a piston pump, in the pressure line of which a relief valve is switched on. Do you want to z. B. keep the overpressure in the preheater at 0.5 kg, according to the invention, a feed container is to be arranged either at a height of about 5 m above the preheater, which is in unimpeded communication with the outside air and through a simple pipe with the cold water inlet point of the The preheater is connected, or the preheater is fed by a centrifugal pump that drives the water into the preheater at the said pressure and is capable of a maximum output, which is at least equal to the maximum consumption of the boiler, so that the preheater always remains full, or Finally, a piston pump is to be arranged to feed the preheater, in the pressure line of which a relief valve is switched on, which is set for the desired low pressure in the preheater, this pump being suitably coupled to the boiler feed pump. Furthermore, according to the invention, a rapid circulation of the water in the preheater to accelerate the exchange of heat between the heating gases and the water can be brought about by the fact that a circulation line is branched off from the exit point of the water from the preheater to the entry point, into which a Auxiliary pump, preferably a centrifugal pump, is switched on. For the same purpose, the feed pump of the preheater can also be used, which is then set up so that it supplies significantly more water than the boiler consumes, with a pipe branching off from the outlet point of the water from the preheater, which connects to the suction line of the preheater feed pump connects. A relief valve is switched on in this circulation pipe, which only opens when the pressure is slightly lower than the voltage in the 4-5 pressure pipe of the preheater feed pump. In this way, an amount of water circulates in the circulation pipe which is equal to the difference between the amount of water conveyed by the preheater feed pump and the amount of water pushed into the boiler by the second feed pump. In this device, the preheater feed pump and the relief valve are arranged lower than the feed water tank in order to prevent the formation of steam in the suction line and the failure of the pump. Pa τ 15 ν τ - A ν s ρ κ ü c 111 ::

1. Preheater for steam boiler feed water, in which the water is under pressure is fed to the preheater and conveyed therefrom by a pump into the boiler, characterized in that the cold water inlet point the preheater through a pipe with one in unhindered communication with the outside air and so high arranged feed container is connected that the pressure in the preheater only a little higher than the water vapor tension of the water in the preheater reached maximum temperature is maintained.

2. Preheater according to claim 1, characterized in that for feeding the preheater a centrifugal pump is used, which drives the water at the intended low pressure in the preheater and one Is capable of maximum output, which is at least equal to the maximum consumption of the boiler.

3. preheater according to claim 1, characterized in that for feeding the preheater a piston pump is used, in the pressure line of which a relief valve is switched on is, which is set for the desired low pressure in the preheater, this pump optionally with the boiler feed pump is coupled.

4. preheater according to claim 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that from the exit point of the water from the preheater to the entry point with a circulation line switched on auxiliary pump is branched.

5. Preheater according to claim 4, characterized in that, with the omission of one Auxiliary pump the feed pump of the preheater is set up so that it is significantly more Water, as the boiler consumes, supplies, and that from the outlet point of the water A circulation line branches off from the preheater to the suction side of the preheater feed pump is in which a relief valve set according to the voltage in the preheater is switched on.