DE2208130A1 - Damping device, in particular for repeating weapons - Google Patents

Description

Internationally vibration Engineeri ng ^ 2.i "r_oirbe__ de Milly, 2.1 Bp_uti ^ ny ^ ur ^ ^ sspne (France) and Avions Marc el D assault, 55" you rue ..Prof.esseui ^ Fauchet, cresson 92 Vau ( France)

Damping device, in particular for repeating weapons.

The invention relates to a damping device to prevent a part subjected to sudden recoil, to keep on its rest and to rebound the 'part after the recoil to bring it back to its original position. This device can in particular be used to prevent the kickback of To dampen repeating weapons, especially from aircraft guns.

A large number of cushioning devices are already available to accommodate the recoil of firearms. However, if you can if damping with a distribution of the stresses when moving a weapon is desired, damping devices must currently be used, in particular, use hydraulic damping devices with a complicated structure. However, these are very heavy and prone to failure, making them suitable for the assembly of weapons like flue; on-board cannons are poorly suited.

The invention assumes a damping device, in particular for repeating weapons such as aircraft guns, which make it possible to reduce the stress during recoil of the entire duration of the movement of the recoil to be transferred exactly constantly to a support. This accuracy of the stresses namely has the effect that on the one hand the support remains exactly the same under the load and that on the other hand the optimal amplitude of the load on this support is limited.

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It is also possible to use the rifled weapon thanks to the device according to the invention in the construction of an aircraft with less To assemble reinforcements than is the case with the weapon assemblies known to this day.

The invention relates to a damping device, in particular for repeating weapons, which are arranged between a part exposed to a sudden kickback and a rest is and is characterized in that it consists in combination of the following parts: at least one elastic organ, which is supported on the one hand on the mentioned part and on the other hand on the mentioned support in order to absorb part of the recoil energy to save it and to release it again when the said part is returned to its lens, at least one friction element, which is arranged between said part and said support and is capable of doing so on said part to rub, in order to destroy part of the recoil energy, and means for the said friction element on the return of the part to render his position ineffective.

According to a particularly advantageous feature of the invention, means can be provided for the purpose of interacting with the friction element, to progressively reduce the frictional force during recoil. This reduction in the frictional force is preferably exactly the same as the increase the force exerted on the support by the elastic member during the recoil.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention are located on the belly organ one or more friction surfaces that oppose each other lean the part under the influence of a device with wedges, it being possible for said surface to recede upon recoil presses against the part, and that this surface is released again on the return movement to the original position.

According to a first, particularly advantageous embodiment of the

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Another elastic element is arranged between the movable part on the one hand and the wedge of the cervical organ on the other hand, in such a way that during the recoil the force which is required for the precise relaxation of this elastic organ is transferred to the said wedge, which results in progressive ventilation the friction surface causes. During the forward movement, this second elastic organ supports itself, while it is tensing again, with the interposition of the mentioned wedge against the support, and partially opposes the force exerted by the first elastic organ, which returns the part to its original position Location on the pad.

In this way the progressive decrease in recoil the frictional force that is transferred to the support, the magnification rune balance the force produced by the increase in tension of the first elastic oreane, the resultant of these forces on the support during recoil remains the same.

According to a further embodiment of the invention is another Elastic organ inserted directly between the fixed support and the moving part, so that it is in recoil relaxed. The Reiborean is arranged between the movable part and the support to prevent a to transmit constant frictional force. In this case the two elastic organs act directly in front of each other - namely just as truer of recoil as during the return to the Ause-anrrslase. Badurr ^ becomes a resultant earth on the support Force exerted. This force increases during the recoil movement the constant row force on the friction element.

In another embodiment eiror el ⁿ .r is this more elastic Creran, which is for example zusaixnengedrückt who · ", the movable part IR of the rest position, before the

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End of the recoil movement in the unloaded state · This further one From the end of the movement, the organ only plays for damping a roll and practice during most of the recoil and. the return to the starting position has no effect on the edition.

In a third embodiment, it is also possible to mount such a further elastic element directly between the support and the movable part, as in the previous embodiment, the frictional force during recoil being uniformly reduced, with the help of suitable means, e.g. by giving the part a very weak conicity that rubs against the friction elements or, even better, by interposing an elastic element between the wedge of the friction element and the moving part itself, as is the case with the preferred embodiment of the invention.

In an advantageous embodiment, the elastic organs are designed so that they even change their position Effect a reduction in energy.

The device has at the end, for example, a ring , the inner surface of which is conical and narrows in the direction of the recoil to form a wedge. It interacts with one or more appropriately designed wedges, for example sector bodies which are convex and conical on the outside and are provided on their inner concave surface with friction elements with a high coefficient of friction. The stress on these sectors in the direction of the recoil causes them to jam and friction as if they were stressed in the opposite direction of the recoil, the sectors moving away from the moving part without friction.

In the first advantageous embodiment described above is the said ring in the Lae; e, with regard to the

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position to slide in the axial direction, and swar dei- & r "'j _.; since £ äis · decreasing stress by the above-mentioned wide-stretching organ presses against the above-mentioned ring" and indeed if-sM dex * expansion of this last at Recoil, which reduces the compressive stress on the sectors against the moving rope, which enables a progressive reduction in the frictional force.

In the aforementioned second embodiment of the invention, in which an elastic member directly between the fixed support and the moving part is used to relax during recoil, said ring can be firmly attached to the support be, where he is supported on this by the interposition of a small elastic organ.

Stops are preferably arranged on the fixed support in order to be able to move with the corresponding surfaces of the sectors or Wedges to interact and the stresses exerted by the friction on the said sectors or wedges on them Transfer edition.

Further advantages and features of the invention are set out below Description given which, like the drawings, do not limit the invention.

It shows:

i "ig. 1 a longitudinal view - sectional representation of a device according to the invention;

Fie :. 2 is an enlarged view of the device with wedges; during the movement of the recoil;

Pig. 3 shows an enlarged illustration of the same device when moving back to the starting position;

4 shows a longitudinal view-sectional illustration of another embodiment of the device according to the invention;

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Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the device with wedges according to another embodiment of the invention.

The following statements initially relate to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.

A weapon, not shown, is inserted into a part to which it is firmly connected and which by a sliding sleeve 1 is formed. This sleeve slides inside a sleeve 2, which is attached to the support, which through the structure of the aircraft is formed with the help of guide bearings 3 and 4, the first of which is supported by a ring 5, which is attached to the extreme front end of the sleeve 2.

This ring 5 is used with its support surface on a first Spring 6 to rest, which consists of biconic rings, which makes it possible that due to the friction of the rings Part of the recoil energy is destroyed when you squeeze it. This first spring 6 is pushed during the recoil movement the sleeve 1 together in the direction of arrow F. Against the rear edge of the ring 5, a ring 7 is supported, the is able to slide along the inner surface of the sleeve 2. The inner surface of this ring 7 is conical, to form a wedge surface. The corresponding fictitious cone tapers towards the rear, i.e. in the direction of the arrow F. In this ring 7 many conical sectors 8 are arranged to be freely movable. These conical sectors 8 (of which one The only one that can be seen in FIG. 1) wear inserts 9 on their inner circumference made of a material which is the size of the Coefficient of friction adapted and very resistant to wear and tear j st. These inserts on the outer peripheral surface the sleeve 1 rest, form the friction element. In one example, the taper of the ring 7 (and the sectors 8) about 8 ° and the coefficient of friction (with dynamic friction) of the inserts is 0.3.

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The axial movement of the wedge 8 is limited in both directions, by a flange 10 of the ring 5 »which in a corresponding Groove engages and most through the conical sectors 9. The displacement of the last can be on either side of the flange For example, in the case of a weapon mounted on an aircraft, a kickback of more than 20-30 mm can be about 1 mm. One small spring 11 with little force, which is supported on the bottom of the Hinges 5, allows the wedge 8 in the sighting of the recoil constant load

Another spring 12, composed for example of disc springs is supported on the rear wall of the conical ring 7 and on a support element 13 which is attached to the sleeve 1 is. When the weapon is in the firing position, as shown in Fig. 1, the first spring 6 is relaxed and the other spring 12 compressed, exerting a force against the ring 7.

The mode of action is as follows:

In the case of a return, i.e. when leaving the F sharp ;. 1 veranschaiv clear position, the part 1 moves in the direction of the arrow F, whereby the spring 6 is compressed and part of the energy is destroyed by this compression. At the beginning of the backlash movement, the conical sectors 8, which are constantly loaded by the spring 11 in the direction of the arrow F, are drawn into the sleeve in the direction of the arrow, which pushes back the Rine: 7 during this movement and carries it away with it because the driving force is greater by the friction compared to the force of the spring 12 in the compressed state. After a little way, the sectors 8 strike against the flange 10 ₉ as in FIG. 2, and from that moment on, the neihur.ir of the sleeve 1 on the elements 9 destroys a substantial part of the energy. During this movement, the Reibune: ecen the sleeve 1 "causes the inserts 9, Gioh relaxes the second I ^f Eder 12 progressively wherein si" · the energy ντ-

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not. It follows that according to the relaxation of the spring 12 the force exerted by the spring against the ring 7 becomes smaller and consequently by the wedge effect the frictional force of the inserts 9 against the sleeve 1 decreases progressively.

It follows that the stresses which are exerted on the sleeve 2 in the direction of arrow F are caused by the interposition of the ring 5 are determined, or the sectors 8 strike against the flange 10, as shown in FIG is · Due to the increasing stress due to the compression that operates the spring 6 and the decreasing frictional stress, which is always exerted on the flange 10 in the direction of the arrow F, this stress steadily increases with consideration of the progressive relaxation of the spring 12 and the subsequent weakening of the frictional force. Therefore it is due to the appropriate selection of the spring characteristics of springs 6 and 12, the friction inserts and the conical surfaces, which exert the wedge effect, possible to compensate very precisely the increase in the stress on the support caused by the contraction of the spring depends, namely by reducing the frictional effect in such a way that the total stress, which is withstood by the sleeve 2, during the entire Movement of the kickback remains exactly constant.

At the end of the setback brings the spring 6, which is now compressed is, the sleeve 1 against the front part opposite to the direction of the arrow F. Since the beginning of this Movement, the frictional force of the inserts 9 is eliminated as it shifts in the direction of the opening of the wedge. Under these Prerequisites is the spring 12, although it is overall in a relatively relieved state, still compressed enough, around the ring 7 and the sectors 8 opposite to that Drive arrow F, so that the ring 7 against very quickly

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the rear part of the fixed ring 7 cuts. From this moment on, the frictional force is always the same as KuIL. The spring 12 exerts a precisely increasing force through the interposition of the ring 7, which acts in the opposite direction of the arrow F on the ring 5, which is connected to the structure relaxing spring 6 on the ring 5 in the direction of the
Arrow F is exercised. The spring 12 thus serves to dampen the backward movement of the sleeve 1.

The following statements relate to FIG. 4.

This embodiment of the invention differs from that Device according to FIG. 1 in that the spring 6 with double-conical rings is replaced by a stack of pillows made of knitted steel threads, which have the advantage that they generate a large amount of energy when they are elastically compressed destroy. This makes it possible to limit the amplitude of the kickback and the friction

The second spring 12 could also be replaced by a stack of annular cushions made of knitted threads «,

The following statements refer to Fig. 5

In this further embodiment of the device according to FIG
According to the invention, a spring 15, for example made from a cushion of knitted metal threads, is compressed to the rest position of the weapon, namely between a shoulder 16 of the sliding part 1
and a surface of the stopper 17 connected to the fixed sleeve 2. The wedge formed by the internally conical ring 7 becomes opposite in direction
repulsed by the arrow. This is done with the help of an elastic element 18, which consists of only two disc springs.

- 10 -

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the last of which is on the front surface of the Part of the fixed stop I7. "

The mode of operation of this embodiment is as follows: At the beginning of the kickback of the sleeve 1 in the direction of the arrow F this pulls parts 7 and 8 with it when it changes position, wherein the elastic element 18 is compressed until the front stop of the sectors 8 with the shoulder 10 in Contact comes, as shown in FIG. From this moment on, the inserts 9 begin to rub against the Outer surface of the sleeve and the drag force is due to friction transferred in the direction of arrow F, in particular through the sectors 8 on the flange 10 of the ring 5 · During the whole Movement of the kickback, the frictional force remains constant and its size is determined by the stress exerted by the elastic element is applied, which is supported on the fixed part 17 against the smaller wedge 7 · At the increasing force exerted by the spring 14 in the direction of the Arrow is transferred to the structure, so the constant force of the drag force is equalized by the friction caused by the sectors 8 is exercised on the construction. In contrast, the second spring 15 tends to be originally compressed was to relax, so that the force exerted by this spring against the attached part 17 in the opposite direction of the arrow has been exercised, decreases evenly.

When returning to the starting position, it has the opposite effect Direction of the arrow indicates that the wedge effect is canceled and the frictional force is practically also zero. Therefore only the opposing forces remain, which are caused by the springs 14 and 15 are exerted on the structure.

The spring 15 can be built in to fully follow itself to relieve an initial friction during the kickback movement, so that during the rest of the re-sleep movement:

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(and the appropriate start of the slaughtering movement) acts and has no effect on the fixed inflation »At the end of the Return movement strikes the sliding sleeve 1 against the spring 15 and is dampened when squeezed

On the other hand, it is possible to remove the elastic element 18 and to maintain the conical sector 7 connected to the sleeve 2 in a non-positive manner. In this case the Flange 10 and the front stop corresponding to sectors 8 are omitted, which are then subjected to direct stress during friction transmitted via the intermediate ring 7.

Although the invention is based on a particular embodiment is described, it goes without saying that it is not limited thereto, and that the shape and the Material can make changes without departing from the scope of the invention or the idea of the invention. aside from that it is clear that when in the above description the invention of the device is applied to a weapon attached to an aircraft is described, the damping device according to the invention can also be used in numerous other cases, it is a matter of dampening the recoil of weapons or similar devices.

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Claims (14)

claims f 1) j damping device, especially for firearms, especially for weapons of aircraft, which is arranged between a part exposed to a sudden recoil and a support, characterized in that it is composed in combination of at least one elastic member, which is on the one hand mentioned part and on the other hand on the said support to store part of the recoil energy and to keep said part in the starting position during the guidance, from at least one friction element, which is inserted between said part and said support and is able to do so is to rub on said part in order to destroy part of the recoil energy by transferring the corresponding frictional force to the support and means to ineffectively release said friction element when the part returns to its starting position. 2) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the friction member is controlled by means that the friction during of the recoil progressively decrease. 3) Device according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that the friction element has one or more friction parts which, under the action of a wedge, are complementary with one or more Wedges cooperate. 4) Device according to claim 3 »particular of the type in which the moving part has the shape of a sleeve, which in a support slides, characterized in that the Reibore; on a jiine; having an internally conical surface, ■ which cooperates with sectors whose outer surface is conical, the sectors having friction inserts, which are in contact with said moving part. 209839/0721 5) Device according to claims 2 and 4, characterized in that that it has a further elastic member which is supported between the ring and the movable part and relaxes on recoil in order to let the ring slide and so progressively reduce the frictional force, as well as that Means are provided to apply the frictional force to the support ■ transferred, which is applied to the sectors. 6) Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the further elastic organ is composed of disc springs 7) Device according to one of claims 4 and 5 »characterized in that that the sectors have a hat which enables them to be on either side of a shoulder of the fixed stop of a support can be released, the sectors in the direction of the recoil against the conical Ring to be pushed loose, namely by an elastic organ, which is with weak force on this support supports. 8) Device according to one of claims 4 and 7 »characterized in that that an elastic member is arranged between the ring and a fixed support point der.auflage. 9) Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the elastic element consists of a small number of disc springs is composed. 10) Device according to any one of claims 4 and 7 »characterized in that the ring is fixed in comparison to the support is arranged. 11) Device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized ι characterized in that it 'has a dampening cushion made of knitted threads, which is supported on the support 209839/0721 and can come against this, the movable part on The end of his return to the starting days is muted. 12) Device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the elastic member which the return in the starting position, is composed of a certain number of biconical rings that are connected to each other cooperate. 13) Device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized characterized in that the elastic organ, which ensures the return to the starting position, consists of a stratification of elastic elements made of knitted metal thread. 14) Device according to any one of claims 1 to 13 »characterized in that the movable part is a weapon of a Aircraft is. 209829/0721 Blank page