DE2203598A1 - Process for the surface hardening of titanium and its alloys and products obtained in this way - Google Patents
Process for the surface hardening of titanium and its alloys and products obtained in this wayInfo
- Publication number
- DE2203598A1 DE2203598A1 DE19722203598 DE2203598A DE2203598A1 DE 2203598 A1 DE2203598 A1 DE 2203598A1 DE 19722203598 DE19722203598 DE 19722203598 DE 2203598 A DE2203598 A DE 2203598A DE 2203598 A1 DE2203598 A1 DE 2203598A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- carried out
- treatment
- titanium
- nitriding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/36—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Description
hR/HB/lW/20.183 t: .. hR / HB / lW / 20,183 t: ..
20.1.1972 r"- " " 1r 1/20/1972 r "-"" 1r
SOCIETE NOUYELLE DES ACIERIES DE POMPEY et LABORATOIRE DE PHYSIQUE DE L1ETAT METALLIQUESOCIETE NOUYELLE DES ACIERIES DE POMPEY et LABORATOIRE DE PHYSIQUE DE L 1 ETAT METALLIQUE
"Verfahren zur Oberflächenhärtung von Titan und dessen Legierungen und auf diese Weise erhaltene Produkte.""Process for surface hardening of titanium and its alloys and products obtained in this way. "
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Oberflächenhärtung von Titan und dessen Legierungen; sie "betrifft gleichfalls die auf diese Art erhaltenen Produkte.The present invention relates to a process for the surface hardening of titanium and its alloys; she "concerns likewise the products obtained in this way.
Es ist bekannt, dass Titan und dessen Legierungen schlechte Reibeigenschaften besitzen. Es sind bereits Versuche unternommen worden, diesem Übel dadurch abzuhelfen, dass versucht wurde, die Oberflächenhärte durch ein Nitrierhärtungsverfahren in einem Salzbad zu vergrössern.It is known that titanium and its alloys have poor frictional properties. Attempts have already been made has been to remedy this evil by attempting to reduce the surface hardness by a nitriding process in a salt bath to enlarge.
209833/1054209833/1054
Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse waren mittelmässig, was die Anmelderin veranlasst hat, ein Verfahren zu entwickeln, mit dem die Oberflächenhärte des Titans und seiner Legierungen hinreichend tief beträchtlich verbessert werden kann.The results obtained were mediocre, according to the applicant has prompted the development of a process with which the surface hardness of titanium and its alloys can be considerably improved sufficiently deeply.
Das der vorliegenden Erfindung entsprechende Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Titan und seine Legierungen einer Nitrierung bei einer Temperatur unterzogen wird, die höchstens ungefähr 1.05O0C und mindestens gleich der Vergütungstemperatur des Metalles ist.The relevant to the present invention method is characterized in that the titanium and its alloys is subjected to nitriding at a temperature which is at most about 1.05O 0 C and at least equal to the compensation temperature of the metal.
Einer bevorzugten Ausführungsart der vorliegenden Erfindung entsprechend wird ein ionisches Nitrierhärteverfahren durchgeführt, das eine sehr kurze Behandlungsdauer zulässt und jegliche Beschädigung des Zustandes der Metalloberfläche vermeidet; vorteilhafterweise wird hier reiner Stickstoff statt Ammoniak verwendet, da der freie Sauerstoff durch die Dissoziation des Ammoniaks die Neigung hat, das Metall und besonders dessen Oberflächenschicht spröde zu machen.A preferred embodiment of the present invention an ionic nitriding process is carried out accordingly, which allows a very short treatment time and avoids any damage to the condition of the metal surface; advantageous pure nitrogen is used here instead of ammonia, because the Free oxygen through the dissociation of ammonia has the tendency to brittle the metal and especially its surface layer do.
Nach einem anderen Merkmal der Erfindung kann die Nitrierung bei einer Temperatur zwischen 850 und 1.0000C entsprechend der maximalen Löslichkeit des Stickstoffes in dem Metall ausgeführt werden; es kann auf diese Weise eine Oberflächen-Vickers-Härte in der Grössenordnung von 600 bis 800 je nach der Temperatur der Behandlung erreicht werden, wobei die ursprüngliche Vickers-Oberflächenhärte z.B. in der Gröss enordnung von 330 liegt. Diese Behandlung lässt an der Oberfläche eine dünne Schicht entstehen, die z.B. eine Dicke in der Grössenordnung von 5 bis 15 Mikron hat und sehr stabiles Nitrid TiN enthält und die unter dieser Schicht eine beträchtliche Menge von Stickstoff in fester Lösung in der hexagonalen cC -Phase einbringt. Die Härte des Metalles, die in dieser unteren Schicht von ungefähr 5 Ms 50 Mikron-Dicke erreicht wird, ist verhältnismässig bescheiden, da sie lediglich einer Härtung durch feste Lösung entspricht .According to another feature of the invention, the nitriding can be carried out at a temperature between 850 and 1,000 ° C. corresponding to the maximum solubility of nitrogen in the metal; In this way, a surface Vickers hardness in the order of magnitude of 600 to 800 can be achieved, depending on the temperature of the treatment, the original Vickers surface hardness, for example, in the order of 330. This treatment creates a thin layer on the surface, which for example has a thickness in the order of magnitude of 5 to 15 microns and contains very stable nitride TiN and which under this layer introduces a considerable amount of nitrogen in solid solution in the hexagonal cC phase . The hardness of the metal, which is achieved in this lower layer of approximately 5 Ms 50 micron thickness, is relatively modest, since it corresponds only to hardening by solid solution.
Einem anderen Merkmal der vorliegenden Erfindung entsprechend wird das genannte Nitrierhärteverfahren bei einer Temperatur oberhalb der Vergütungstemperatur des Metalles, z.B. zwischen 85O und 1.000 0C durchgeführt und daran anschliessend ein Vergütungsverfahren ausgeführt. In der Mehrzahl der Fälle wird dieses Vergütungsverfahren bei einer Temperatur in der Grössenordnung von 500 bis 600 0C durchgeführt, was der optimalen Spanne der Vergütungstemperaturen für Titan und der Mehrzahl von dessen Legierungen entspricht. Dieses Vergütungsverfahren kombiniert mit dem Nitrierhärte-Another feature of the present invention is according to said Nitrierhärteverfahren at a temperature above the annealing temperature of the metal, for example, carried out between 85O 0 C and 1.000 and subsequently carried out a compensation process. In the majority of cases, this tempering process is carried out at a temperature in the order of magnitude of 500 to 600 ° C., which corresponds to the optimal range of tempering temperatures for titanium and the majority of its alloys. This tempering process combined with the nitriding hardness
209333/1054209333/1054
verfahren ermöglicht eine Vergrösserung der Oberflächenhärte des Metalles, ebenso in der Oberflächenschicht wie in der genannten darunterliegenden Schicht. Auf diese Weise kann die Oberflächen-Vickers-Härte ungefähr von 850 (nach Nitrierung bei 8000G) bis ungefähr 1.400 (nach Vergüten bei 6000C) für die Legierung TA VE 2 steigen. Diese beträchtliche Vergrösserung der Härte ist im wesentlichen auf die während des Härtens sich einstellende Ausfällung sehr kleiner !artikel von Nitrid Ti^N (quadratische Phase) in der hexagonalen Phase zurückzuführen, wobei dieses Ausfällen aus der beträchtlichen Verringerung in der Grössenordnung von 50 fo der Löslichkeit des Stickstoffes in der hexagonalen Phase bei dieser Temperatur folgt. Die Zone, in der diese Härtung durch Ausfällen sich bemerkbar macht, erstreckt sich über etwa 50 Mikron von der Metalloberfläche aus. Seine Ausdehnung kann jedoch noch grosser sein, wenn das zwischen 850 und 1.0000C ausgeführte Nitrier-Härteverfahren über längere Zeit ausgeführt wird (im allgemeinen wird eine derartige Behandlung während einer Zeitdauer in der Grössenordnung von 1.bis zu 15 Stunden oder mehr ausgeführt).process enables an increase in the surface hardness of the metal, as well as in the surface layer as in the above-mentioned layer below. In this way, the surface Vickers hardness may be about 850 (after nitriding at 800 0 G) to about 1400 (after annealing at 600 0 C) for the alloy TA VE to rise. 2 This considerable increase in hardness is essentially due to the precipitation of very small particles of nitride Ti ^ N (square phase) in the hexagonal phase which occurs during hardening, this precipitation being due to the considerable decrease in the order of magnitude of 50 % of the solubility of nitrogen in the hexagonal phase at this temperature follows. The zone in which this hardening is noticeable through precipitation extends approximately 50 microns from the metal surface. However, its extension may still be large, if the executed 850-1000 0 C nitriding hardening process is performed for a long time (generally, such a treatment during a time period in the order of 1st to about 15 hours or longer running).
Nach einem anderen Merkmal der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die Nitrierung direkt bei einer Temperatur zwischen 500 und 6000C ausgeführt, die im wesentlichen der Vergütungstemperatur des Metalles entspricht. Bei dieser Temperatur ist die Dauer der Behandlung, um eine Oberflächenhärte in der Grössenordnung der im vorausgegangenen angeführten zu erhalten, bedeutender und die Zone, die der festen Lösung von Stickstoff in der hexagonalen Phase entspricht, ist deutlich kleiner.According to another feature of the present invention, the nitriding is carried out directly at a temperature between 500 and 600 ° C., which essentially corresponds to the tempering temperature of the metal. At this temperature, the duration of the treatment to obtain a surface hardness of the order of magnitude of the previous one is more important and the zone corresponding to the solid solution of nitrogen in the hexagonal phase is significantly smaller.
Nach einem anderen Merkmal der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die genannte Nitrierung gleichzeitig mit der Härtungsbehandlung durchgeführt, während die Vergütungsbehandlung, die dieser folgt, mit der Vergütungsbehandlung vertauscht wird, die gewöhnlich nach einer Härtebehandlung folgt, sodass die so erhaltenen Produkte optimale mechanische Eigenschaften besitzen.According to another feature of the present invention, the called nitriding is carried out simultaneously with the hardening treatment, while the tempering treatment that follows this is carried out with the Annealing treatment is swapped, usually after a hardening treatment follows, so that the products thus obtained have optimal mechanical properties.
Wenn die Behandlung der Nitrierung bei hoher Temperatur und der Vergütung nicht genau mit einer Behandlung der Härtung und Vergütung ausgetauscht werden kann , die der Legierung ihre optimalen mechanischen Eigenschaften gibt, sind diese nur wenig schlechter als sie bei Nichtvorhandensein der Nitrierung sein könnten, ausgenommen was die beträchtlich erhöhte Oberflächenhärte betrifft. In sehr vielen Fällen machte sich diese leichte Verminderung der mechanischen Eigenschaften nicht bemerkbar. Die erzeugten nitrierten Schichten sind bis zur Vergütungstemperatur sehr stabil, was die Verwendung derWhen the treatment of nitriding at high temperature and tempering is not exactly with a treatment of hardening and tempering can be exchanged, which gives the alloy its optimal mechanical properties, these are only slightly worse than them in the absence of nitration, except what which concerns the considerably increased surface hardness. In very many cases this slight reduction in mechanical properties occurred not noticeable. The nitrided layers produced are very stable up to the tempering temperature, which makes the use of the
209833/1054209833/1054
nach, dem erf indungsgemassen Verfahren nitrierten Stücken bis zu dieser Temperatur, d.h. "bis ungefähr 500 - 600 0O, ermöglicht, wobei die genannten Stücke bis zu dieser Temperatur sehr gute Reibeigenschaften besitzen.According to the process according to the invention, nitrided pieces up to this temperature, ie "up to approximately 500-600 0 O, are made possible, the said pieces having very good frictional properties up to this temperature.
209833/1054209833/1054
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7103005A FR2123207B1 (en) | 1971-01-29 | 1971-01-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2203598A1 true DE2203598A1 (en) | 1972-08-10 |
Family
ID=9071111
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19722203598 Pending DE2203598A1 (en) | 1971-01-29 | 1972-01-26 | Process for the surface hardening of titanium and its alloys and products obtained in this way |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA974154A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH539129A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2203598A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2123207B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1389562A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT946830B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7200977A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10111109A1 (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2002-10-31 | Deutsche Titan Gmbh | Process for producing a titanium foil with a nitrided surface coating |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2929634C3 (en) * | 1979-07-21 | 1982-05-19 | MTU Motoren- und Turbinen-Union München GmbH, 8000 München | Process for the production of turbo blades made of titanium or titanium-based alloy with a hard surface |
| DD146556B1 (en) * | 1979-09-19 | 1982-09-29 | Wilm Heinrich | HIGH-WEAR-RESISTANT PARTS, ESPECIALLY FOR MIXING AND GRINDING AGGREGATES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| SE8300910L (en) * | 1983-02-18 | 1984-08-19 | Santrade Ltd | COMPOSITION BODY CONSISTS OF A SUBSTRATE COATED WITH HEART, Wear-resistant finish |
| GB8405170D0 (en) * | 1984-02-28 | 1984-04-04 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Titanium alloy hip prosthesis |
| DE3615425A1 (en) * | 1986-05-07 | 1987-11-12 | Thyssen Edelstahlwerke Ag | PERFORMANCE OF MACHINE ELEMENTS FROM TECHNICAL TITANIUM ALLOYS THROUGH SURFACE COATING IN THE PLASMA OF GLIMMENT CHARGES |
| GB2201972A (en) * | 1987-03-10 | 1988-09-14 | Tech Ni Plant Limited | Improvements in prostheses |
| US5192323A (en) * | 1990-11-05 | 1993-03-09 | Zimmer, Inc. | Method of surface hardening orthopedic implant devices |
| CA2049809C (en) * | 1990-11-05 | 2001-02-06 | H. Ravindranath Shetty | Method of surface hardening orthopaedic implant devices |
| DE4421937C1 (en) * | 1994-06-23 | 1995-12-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method for treating at least one part made of soft magnetic wear-resistant part and its use |
| CN115584456B (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-09-01 | 西安泵阀总厂有限公司 | Hardening method for ball surface of titanium and titanium alloy ball valve |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2804410A (en) * | 1953-10-27 | 1957-08-27 | Nat Lead Co | Method for nitriding titanium surfaces |
-
1971
- 1971-01-29 FR FR7103005A patent/FR2123207B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1972
- 1972-01-19 CH CH80872A patent/CH539129A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-01-22 IT IT1969872A patent/IT946830B/en active
- 1972-01-25 CA CA133,157A patent/CA974154A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-01-25 NL NL7200977A patent/NL7200977A/xx unknown
- 1972-01-26 DE DE19722203598 patent/DE2203598A1/en active Pending
- 1972-01-28 GB GB421272A patent/GB1389562A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10111109A1 (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2002-10-31 | Deutsche Titan Gmbh | Process for producing a titanium foil with a nitrided surface coating |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL7200977A (en) | 1972-08-01 |
| CA974154A (en) | 1975-09-09 |
| FR2123207B1 (en) | 1974-03-22 |
| CH539129A (en) | 1973-07-15 |
| GB1389562A (en) | 1975-04-03 |
| FR2123207A1 (en) | 1972-09-08 |
| IT946830B (en) | 1973-05-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OHA | Expiration of time for request for examination |