DE2165723A1 - MACHINING MACHINE, IN PARTICULAR DRILLING MACHINE WITH INTERCHANGEABLE TOOLS AND ACCORDINGLY SELECTABLE SPEED LEVELS - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a machining machine, in particular a drilling machine, with at least one driven machine Tool spindle for holding one interchangeable from a set Tools ,. Devices for switching on different speeds adapted to the respective tool s stages of the rotary and / or feed drive of the spindle, as well as a tool magazine assigned to the machine with the individual tools of the set receiving, them clearly assigned brackets.

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BAÖ ORIGINAL

It is known, for example, a drill press depending on the To drive the diameter of the drilling tool inserted into the spindle at different speeds, so dai3 E.g. with large drilling diameters, drilling is carried out at a lower speed than with small diameters. So far had to these different speeds adapted to the respective drilling tool can be selected by hand. This means, that in addition to changing the tool as an additional handle, switching on a different speed level is required, which harbors the risk that ^ Omit this additional step or it is incorrect is performed.

The object of the invention is to provide an automatic and therefore practically error-free selection using simple means to enable the appropriate speed level for the respective tool.

This object is solved by the invention, ψ that each of the holders of the tool magazine with actuated by the removal of the associated tool switching means for automatic choice of this tool, the associated speed stage is provided.

So there are, for example, in the tool magazine, the drills of different diameters in an orderly series

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BAO ORIQWAL

follow inserted, and by taking out a drill With a certain diameter, a contact is actuated in the holder, which is located on the spindle drive for the selection of the correct one Speed level ensures that only the tool is then inserted: the spindle is inserted and the machine is switched on must be, whereupon it runs automatically at the correct speed.

In addition, manually operable switching means can be provided which, in combination with the automatic switching, determine the respective speed level using the tool magazine. This allows you to e.g. additional, the Choice of speed level influencing factors such as the type of workpiece to be machined or the type of Also take into account the machining to be carried out (e.g. drilling, blind drilling, center punching, etc.).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention the switching means provided on the tool magazine are part of the machine completely or partially automatically, in particular numerically controlling control device. Such on the serial repetitive machining the same Workpieces parked controls are controlled, for example, by punched cards or punched strips that the control commands for switching the machine on and off and for selecting the various borehole coordinates

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contain. A numerically controlled, automatic implementation of the tool change is, however, usually not possible because this would require extremely complex facilities. The present invention now uses the simplest means to ensure that, when a tool change is to be carried out manually, the switching means provided on the magazine are used to control the speed of rotation can enter into the numerical control device, which together with the by punch cards or the like. Einfc given control commands to a practically fully automatic operation of the machine.

It is often not necessary to provide a separate speed level for each tool; it is sufficient E.g. to provide only one speed for small and another speed for large drilling diameters. That is why the he- finding in a simplified embodiment characterized that the number of speed levels of the spindle that can be switched on is less than that of the various tools and that the holders of the magazine in groups corresponding to the number of speed levels are combined, the switching means in each case one group, e.g. by connecting in parallel, all switch to the same speed level. This can In many cases, a simpler spindle drive can also be selected, as e.g. two speed levels are simple

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can be achieved by polarity reversal of a motor that can be reversed .. ■

If one has several spindles, for tools of the same type having machine, e.g. a drilling machine, for the simultaneous processing of workpieces from several sides, According to the invention, each spindle is one with the relevant one Spindle-controlling Sehaltmittel assigned magazine and all magazines spatially to a collecting magazine summarized. In order to avoid operating errors, which then, too incorrect programming of the spindle concerned would have to be switched off if possible, are preferred each spindle and the tools assigned to it as well as the Holders of the assigned magazine with ■ matching Color markings provided whose color differs from that of the other Spindle and their tools or magazine holders is different.

Advantageously, the magazine is designed in the form of a desk and near the operator's stand firmly arranged on the machine.

The holders for the tools are preferably made from the holes provided on the top of the desk for Recording of the shafts or the quick release mounts of the Tools, the Schaltmi.ttel preferably in the holes protruding, resilient contact actuation levers

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point. Of course, others are also, in particular contactless switching means on the tool holders possible borrowed, e.g. induction coils surrounding the insertion holes, whose inductance depends on the presence or absence of a workpiece shank, or e.g. on the presence photoelectric barriers that respond to a workpiece.

An embodiment of the invention is described below explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows schematically a portal drilling machine for steel profile beams with the schematically in section tool magazine shown.

Fig. 2 shows part of the tool magazine in plan view.

Fig. 3 shows part of the tool magazine in section on a larger, scale. ·

The portal drilling machine shown schematically in FIG. 1 is used for preferably numerically controlled drilling of structural steel profile girders. The workpiece 1 to be drilled becomes advanced on a roller conveyor 2 by conveying means not shown and in the respective desired machining

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position with clamping jaws 3 determined. The portal frame in the machine carries three drilling units V, Y and- Z- .. The units V and Y drill horizontally and can be adjusted vertically by means of servomotors 4, 5 on lead screws δ, 7 will. The unit Z drills vertically from above and can be horizontal by means of a servomotor 8 and a lead screw 9 Carry out adjusting movements. If necessary, further adjusting devices can be used to move the drill heads also in directions perpendicular to the spindles 6, 7, 9 or be provided for inclining the drilling axes. The drilling spindles 10, 11, 12 receiving the drilling tool each Drilling units are driven by drive motors 13, 14, 15 with Gear boxes or switch boxes 16, 17, 18 with different selectable speed levels powered.

For program-controlled drilling, the advance of the workpiece 1 on the roller conveyor 2, its definition through the clamping jaws 3, the adjusting movements of the drilling units by means of the servomotors 13, 14, 15 as well as the feed movements and the respective drive of the drilling spindles by means of a (not shown) e.g. punched strip controlled, numerical control system can be switched automatically. .

The selection of the speed levels in the numerical control, which is determined by the choice of the tool.

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tion, a desk-like tool magazine 20 is provided next to the machine, the holders 21, 22, 23 of which have switching elements 24, 25, 26, which are intended to hold the tools, which are preferably provided with quick-release sleeves. For example, three holders for the tools provided for the drilling unit Y are shown. The switching elements are connected via a line (eg 27) with which the rotational speed of the drill spindle 12 determined transmission or control box 18 and cause either by ψ pole reversal of the motor 15 or, for example, by relay-controlled circuit of a reduction gear, the choice of the matched the tool speed stage. In the case shown, the tool from the central holder 22 is inserted into the spindle 12 so that the switching element 25 responds and switches the corresponding speed level, while the switching elements 24 and 26 are loaded by the tools in the holders and are therefore ineffective. Instead of directly with the drilling unit Y, the switching elements 24, 25, 26 can of course also be connected by lines to the central numerical control system in order to generate the corresponding control commands there together with the incoming punched tape.

Corresponding brackets with switching elements are also assigned to the other drilling units V and Z, and likewise provided on the desk-like unit 20. Like the top

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looks at the desk according to Fig. 2 shows are the individual Tool holders (e.g. 21, 22, 23) assigned to drilling units Y, Z and V are arranged in rows and run through 'each marked with a colored stripe 28, 29, 30. The different colors of these stripes are also on the corresponding ones Tools or their adapter sleeves and provided on the drilling spindles, so that mix-ups when inserting of the tools in the spindle and thus also incorrect programming the drilling spindle are practically excluded. There is also a signal lamp next to each bracket (e.g. 31) whose lighting up is determined by the numerical Control system is controlled and indicates that now according to Program removed the tool in question from the magazine and is to be inserted into the drilling spindle.

Fig. 3 shows two holders 21, 22 in longitudinal section of the magazine with the tool clamping sleeves inserted therein, as well as the associated switching elements 24, 25. These are designed as microswitches and have switch levers with end rollers 32, 33. When removing the tool with The corresponding lever with the end roller (e.g. 32) is lifted into the position shown in dashed lines and thereby actuates the switch (e.g. 24), so that it switches on the machine or the numerical control system accordingly Can supply control command for the selection of the associated speed level.

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The invention is of course not limited to the details of the illustrated embodiment. For example, a similar tool-related Choice of speed level for others too Processing machines, e.g. pre-processing machines, make sense. Through the switching elements of the tool magazine, besides or instead of the speed also a tool adapted to the tool The value of the feed speed can be controlled. Instead of the mechanically operated switching elements in the tool magazine Contactless switching means can also be used.

In a preferred embodiment of the illustrated Machine, for example, seven different tools are provided for each drilling unit Y, Y, Z, in total i.e. 21 tools (e.g. with drilling diameters of 11, 13, 17, 21, 25, 28 and 31 mm). In practice it is sufficient often to provide for this only the choice between two different speed levels, for example between the spindle speed 7oo rpm for the drilling diameter 11, and 17 mm and the spindle speed 35o TJpM for the drilling diameter 21, 25, 28 and 31 mm. These two speeds can for example, by reversing the polarity of the drive motors 13, 14, 15 designed as reversible motors. In addition can manual selection means on the gear box 16, 17, 18 be provided to choose other speeds.

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Claims (8)

Claims Machining, in particular drilling machine with at least one driven tool spindle for receiving each one from a set of interchangeable tools, devices for switching on different ones, to the respective one Tool-adapted speed levels of the rotary and / or feed drive of the spindle and one of the Machine assigned tool magazine with the individual tools of the set receiving, them uniquely assigned holders, thereby g e k en η ζ ei c h η e t that each of the holders (21, 22, 23) of the tool magazine (20) switching means (24, 25, 26) actuated by removing the associated tool for automatic Selection of the speed level assigned to this tool is provided. 2. Machine according to claim "ΐ, characterized g e k e η η ζ e i c h η e t that additionally manually operable switching means are provided, which in combination with the automatic Switching means (24, 25, 26) of the tool magazine (20) determine the respective speed level. 3. Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that - - 11 - 309828/0123 indicates that the switching means (24, 25, 26) of the tool magazine (20) to one that controls the machine completely or partially automatically, in particular numerically Control device are connected. 4. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a smaller number of speed levels of the spindle is provided than the number of tools in the set, and that the ψ switching means (24, 25, 26) of the magazine (20 ) are combined, for example, by connecting them in parallel to form groups corresponding to the number of speed levels. 5. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a plurality of spindles (10, 11, 12) for machines of the same type, each spindle with a switching means (24, 25, 26) which controls their speed levels Tool magazine is assigned and the magazines for all spindles are spatially combined to form a collective magazine are. 6.. 'Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that each spindle (10, 11, 12) and the their associated tools and the associated holders of the magazine carry matching color markings. - 12 «309828/0 123 gen whose color differs from the markings for the other spindles is different. 7. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized gekenn zei without t that the magazine (20) designed like a desk and near the stand for the Operator of the machine is fixed. 8. Machine according to claim 7,. thereby k e. η η - ζ eic hn et that the brackets (21, 22, 23) are formed from insertion openings provided on the top of the desk for receiving the shafts or the quick-release sleeves of the tools and that the switching means (24 _t 2Sr 2.6) protrude into the insertion openings ., Have flexible switching actuation smitt el (32, 33). 0 9828/0 1