DE21586C - Process for obtaining glycerine from soapy water - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

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PATENT OFFICE.

In addition to glycerine, the soapy waters contain sulfuric acid salts, chlorine compounds and carbonic acid Soda, caustic soda and sometimes potash salts, soap-like substances, fatty acids, gelatinous masses, resins, etc.

In order to clean the soapy water, we first put it in suitable containers. In these we add the same sodium chloride that we add from the still to be described Operations win.

After a time long enough to separate all the soap constituents the clear liquid is obtained either by pouring off or by filtration. This liquid is then acidified with hydrochloric or sulfuric acid to remove the fatty acids from the To deposit bases with which they are found attached; one must for this purpose use a small excess of acid. Then the one that has become insoluble becomes Partly pleases, and this can be done through. Albumin, gelatin, ferric chloride, chloroaluminum, Chlorine zinc, sulphate of iron oxide, sulphate of aluminum and, in general, through all agents which exert a coagulating effect in order to achieve the intended purpose to be able to, but preferably through all chlorine or soluble metal sulfates .. The too The quantities to be used depend entirely on the degree of purity of the liquid.

Such agents as albumin, gelatin, metal salts and the like ' w., cause a thorough Clarification of the liquid. All operations can be done in the cold. The clear liquid can be concentrated immediately after pouring or filtration; however, it is better to cleanse them again. They are warmed up until boiling and then add milk of lime until it is alkaline and precipitated the metal salts. You let stand then and win the liquid very clearly through it Sharply measured quantity of bicarbonate of soda or carbonate of soda or Kalis, whereby all lime is precipitated. After removing the lime from the liquid has newly gained it, it is neutralized by hydrochloric acid.

If the liquid has been prepared in the manner described, it is only still contains glycerine and salts, the separation of the glycerine from the salts and takes place the concentration of the former takes place simultaneously. Which is also the case with the evaporators the heating means used, and what the form of these apparatuses themselves May be, one can always perform this double operation equally well using our method. We shall, however, describe as an example the following simple case, in which the concentrators use their heat of vaporization Received direct from a hearth of fire. Suppose it were twelve cylindrical metal kettles available. The number of these can be different, as can their dimensions, the can depend entirely on the quantities to be treated. All these cylindrical kettles Are heated from the side. This is recommended for direct stove firing because with a furnace from below promotes the scale formation and the durability that Boiler is reduced. In these boilers the bottoms are approximately at a depth of ' 15 pct. the boiler height below the fire flues,

Claims (1)

and these puffs of fire do not exceed 70 pct. that height upwards, so that is 30 pct. the amount above remains free, 15 pCt. below, and the heating gases only. on about 55 pct. the total boiler height. After these kettles with purified, glycerine-containing liquid beyond the fire puffs have been filled, they are heated and to the same extent as by evaporation the level of the liquid sinks, new liquid is added, whereby we focus on the do the following: Assume that there are twelve evaporation kettles and that they are numbered 1 to 12. The boiler no. 12 will be refilled with liquid during evaporation, which one directly from No. 11, the boiler No. 11 with liquid obtained from No. 10 taken and so on up to No. ι down, which latter boiler is then refilled with new liquid will. From this it follows that the liquid in No. 12 the most concentrated of all that the one in No. 11 is more concentrated than that in No. 10 u. S. F., And that the am least concentrate liquid in No. 1 only has a somewhat higher degree of concentration than that which has not yet been subjected to concentration. That's why the liquid goes in No. 12 very soon into the state of saturation, the salts contained in it are excreted and fall into the lower, not so strongly heated part of the kettle. Little by little finds the same in No. 11, No. 10 and so on. After the excretion of the salts in No. 12th has started, we take out the excreted mass with a spoon and so on bring them to No. 11 one after we got them have drained well beforehand and put the collected liquid back into No. 12th have convicted. With No. Proceed with 11 and all other numbers we do the same, scooping up the precipitated salts from one cauldron, in order to transfer them into the cauldron bearing the next lower number, regardless of whether these salts are from the concentration of the apparatus containing the liquid to be cleaned, or from the liquid of the devices with higher numbers. When finally the precipitation of the salts in No. ι begins to form, we remove it from this latter apparatus, and after a thorough draining we bring it Salt precipitation in a storage room. One could, however, if the initial Liquid has a sufficiently high glycerol content, it with a second wash subject to pure water already saturated with salt; however, this is always a rather useless caution, for the fluidity of the. " The first cauldron, which is almost not at all viscous, drains almost completely, and the small one The amount that sticks to the salt can be neglected without harm. When the boiling temperature in No. 12 except for ii2 ° C. has risen, the liquid becomes drained from it and let it stand still so that the salts precipitate well. The concentration of these is then carried to such an extent that that which is in the process of boiling Liquid 150 ° C. shows what cooking takes place in special kettles that take into account the Heating as the previous ones are set up. The salt is removed from this cauldron to the extent that it is eliminated. After the temperature has reached 150 ⁰ C., läfst to protrude the concentrated liquid and the clear portion of it to proceed behufs Ueberdestillirung; the ground precipitate, composed of salts and impregnated with glycerine, is poured into boiler no. 12 brought back. The final elimination of the salts must take place by overdistillation. This overdistillation happens under normal circumstances. The concentration of the aforementioned liquid can just as easily be done in apparatus that have any other shape and completely different from the ones considering their heating deviate from the above. You can introduce weakly or strongly tensioned vapors or hot gases into the liquid mass. One can do the drying up A Effects of the atmosphere, use the vacuum and so on. The main thing is that the operations as described, take place in the order that the glycerol content of the liquid is gradual richer, their salt content poorer, and the glycerol content of the salts gradually poorer will. Patenτ claim: Representation of glycerine from soapy waters by the following sequence of operations: Adding common salt to the water, pouring or filtering the clear liquid, Adding acid to separate the fatty acids, adding clarifying agents (Albumin, metal salts), precipitation of the excess of the metal salts by milk of lime, removal of the Excess lime earth by carbonate of alkali, neutralization of the liquid by hydrochloric acid, concentration of the liquid containing glycerine with separation of the salts present.