DE2154463C3 - Bicomponent fibers and threads and processes for their manufacture - Google Patents

Description

CO

^co ° - ^CH 2 ~

O -BO- (CH ₂ J _n -CH ₂ -O

where η is O or an integer from 1 to 6 and B is a divalent aromatic radical.

2. bicomponent fibers and threads according to claim 1, characterized in that the Copolyester component contains units of the formula given therein, in which B is a p-phenylene radical or a diphenylmethane radical.

3. A method for producing bicomponent fibers and threads according to Claims 1 and 2 by composite spinning of a polyethylene terephthalate melt and one prepared separately therefrom Melt of a copolyester through a common spinneret in a side-by-side arrangement, characterized in that a copolyester is used which avoids repeating Polyethylene terephthalate units and repeating units of the formula

-P CO

COO-CH ₂ - (CH ₂ I _n -

^4o

O - B - O - _(CH2) "- CH ₂ - 0 _to

where η is O or an integer from 1 to 6 and B is a divalent aromatic radical.

45

It is known to produce conjugated fibers by extruding two or more polymers through to manufacture the same spinneret. Such methods are in particular in the USA patents '2440 751, 2 439 814 and 2 386 173.

These patents also describe how to extrude different polymers through the same spinneret described and claimed suitable devices.

It is known that the conjugated fibers, compared with fibers, which only by one type of polymer are formed, have the advantage that they because of the different nature of the two polymers 65 when they are heat-treated in a softened state, spontaneously a helical crimp-This property gives the fibers from these fibers The products obtained have a higher volume, a better cover for the same weight and a better grip. However, in order for the conjugate fibers to have a good crimp, it is necessary that the properties of the two polymers making up the fibers are as different as possible. On the other hand, it is preferred that the differences between the two polymers are only such that there is no incompatibility between the two components and no mechanical detachment of the two components of each other results.

Bicomponent threads are known from US Pat. No. 3,454,460 which are made from a polyethylene terephthalate component and consist of a copolyester component. They are primarily used for manu- facturing suitable for staple fibers and are practically crimped when woven. However, are Crimping, the related density and the mechanical capabilities of these bicomponent threads not completely satisfactory.

It has now been found, and this is the primary object of the present invention, that it is possible. Manufacture conjugated fibers with good mechanical properties that have both a very high crimp as well as have such a strong adherence of the fiber components that these never from each other be separated. A second object of the present invention are those obtained according to this process Fibers.

The present invention thus relates to bicomponent fibers and threads with spiral crimping, consisting of a Polyäthylenterephthalai component and a side-by-side Copolyes'er component, which is characterized in that the copolyester consists of repeating Polyethylene terephthalate units and repeating units of the formula

COO —CH ₂ - (CH ₂ I _n -

- O - B - O - (CH ₂ ) "- CH ₂

wherein η is O or an integer from 1 to 6 and B is means divalent aromatic radical consists.

The divalent aromatic radical B can, for. B. a benzene, toluene, p-xylene or diphenylmethane derivative being. Here, the latter are repeating units in an amount of 3 to 25%. based on the units that make up the macromolecule.

These copolymers, which have the units of the type indicated above in addition to the characteristic Containing polyethylene terephthalate groups can easily be obtained by going to the Polyethylene terephthalate synthesis mixture varying amounts of compounds of the following general formula

HIGH,

(CH ₂ ) ,,

r;

- O - B - O - (CH ₂ ) ,, - CH ₂ OH

in which / 1 and B have the meanings given above, adds.

3 O 4

The copolymerization reaction is preferential was complete, as carried by the obtained methyl manner at temperatures from 220 to 285 "C was determined quantities of alcohol leads. The polycondensation can in vacuo at Then, 2 g H ₃ PO ₄ to the under inert room pressure and preferably molten mass kept in an inert gas atmosphere

The aforementioned polyethylene terephthalate gradually reduced the pressure from 750 mmHg to one

is a common material, so that its manufacture decreases in value less than 1 Torr, while the

is not described in more detail. This material is the temperature of the mass that has been continuously stirred,

can e.g. B. be prepared by increasing terephthalic from 250 to 235 ° C. After you get the

acid or the terephthalic acid dimethyl ester with io the target viscosity had reached, that was

Ethylene glycol in the presence of transesterification catalyst in countercurrent to deionized water

lysers (bivalent alkaline earth metal or over- shaped into a cooled strand and then in

transition metal acetates) or cut terephthalic acid pieces. The copolymer obtained in this way

reacted with ethylene oxide and then the resulting was very hot, had a relative viscosity of 1.95

Bis-hydroxyethyl terephthalate at reduced pressure 15 (determined at 25 ° C as a 1% solution in a phenol

in the presence of antimony sesquioxide and phos- tetrachloroethane mixture [50 / 5O]), a melting

phosphoric or phosphoric acid or alkyl or aryl point of 245 ° C and a melt viscosity (285'C)

esters of these acids at suitable temperatures of 5000 poise.

polycondensed. Spinning can be carried out using the copolymer indicated above Common devices such as those in the above 20 together with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a USA.Patents mentioned above or may have an intrinsic viscosity of 0.68 in an advantageous manner using the in the ratio of 50:50 using the with 48 erasure Offenlegungsschrift 2010 503 described in the German Offenlegungsschrift Spinneret to be carried out. 2 010 503 described spinneret. the

The invention also relates to a method for the spinneret temperature to be 285 ° C. The thread Positioning of the bicomponent Fa- according to the invention was made at a speed of 800 m / min and hold threads by composite spinning a poly. The thread was then drawn continuously Ethylene terephthalate melt and one separately and developed. The stretching was done with the help of a produced melt of a copolyester through a hot, held at 70 ° C tip with an outlet common Spinneret in side-by-side arrangement, speed of 500 m / min, and with a stretch is characterized in that one has a Co ratio of 4.3. At this rate it was Used polyester, made of repetitive material, placed in an oven of a length Polyethylene terephthalate units and again- of 800 mm and a diameter of 100 mm had fetching units of the formula, the inner wall of which at a temperature

Was kept 35 of 25O ⁰ C. The thread was with

ΓΗ (CH 1 - a 40% higher throughput in the furnace

^ ™ ^{2 V (} ~ " ² '" j passed when it was run out of the oven to the

Allow the ripple to develop. The received Thread had the following properties:

40 _{titer (den) 198}

Filament titer (den) 4.12

wherein η is 0 or an integer from 1 to 6 and B has a strength (g / den) 3.7

means divalent aromatic radical consists. Elongation (/ 0) W)

The spun filament is then crimped in a known 45 crimp (n cm) 15

Way stretched and then at such temperatures (sheets / cm)

developed that the two half-components due to the degree of frizziness (/ 0) V

their different behavior to the filament volume weight (cc'g) 3._

because of the spiral crimping of each

Filaments that make up the fiber have a useful 50 B e i s ρ i e 1 2

Give space.

Advantageously, one can use those described in Example 1 continuously

Stretching and developing processes, as in the deut device, were 4.65 kg DMT with 4030 ecm

see laid-open specification 2128 749 is described. Ethylene glycol. in which 240 g p - / (- dihydroxyethoxy-

use. 55 benzene were dissolved, implemented. The transesterification

_n . 11 reaction that took place at room pressure was after

^example '300 minutes ended.

4.65 kg dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), 4030 ecm The polycondensation was carried out in the presence of

Ethylene glycol and 475 g of p- / i-dihydroxyethoxybenzene 3 g of H ₃ PO ₃ while changing the pressure as it is

were carried out in one with a stirrer, a Thermo-60 described in Example 1. the

meter sleeve, a filled reflux condenser and a reaction was over after 320 minutes, whereby one

Nitrogen inlet provided autoclave under inert essentially white copolymers with a

Entered atmosphere. Melting point of 235 ⁰ C and a relative viscosity

The transesterification reaction took place in the presence of 1.88 received.

of Ca (OAc) ₂ · H ₂ O and Sb ₂ O ₃ in amounts of 0.08 65 The copolymer was made together with PET

or 0.02%, based on DMT (Ac = acetyl). (intrinsic viscosity = 0.68) according to the im

After 270 minutes the reaction had spun under the conditions given in Example 1 and

RaiimtemDeratur and stretched carried out at 170 to 250 "C. Development took place continuously in

5 T 6

an oven heated to 300 ° C., the inlet spinning with polyethylene terephthalate fibers with

speed was 38% higher than the exit-good self-curling properties showed,

speed. The threads described were then used to manufacture

The multifilament yarn had the following characteristics of small undershirts or vests with the help of

shafts: 5 used on a ring or flat knitting machine

and result in finished articles with soft

Titer (s) 180 _unc j _vo n _em handle. Similar results were obtained.

Filament denier (den) 3.75 _{if you take} these yarns to form woven fabrics

Strength (g / den) 4.0 woven.

Elongation (%) 40 ₁₀ By changing the number of arches per centimeter

Ripple (n / cm) 10 meters, which is due to different percentages of

Crimp degree (%) 9 comonomers can be achieved, were obtained

Volume weight (cc / g) 3.0 materials with different softness and fullness

of the handle, whereby the requirements of door stocking were similar to that of Comonomeres i ₅ and woven goods can be met.
p-p'-dihydroxyphenylmethane is used, so that the number of bends, the degree of curl and the volume of a copolymer were obtained, which at the same time weight are defined in the following way:

Number of arcs (curl)

Number of complete waves in relation to the uncurled length (at a load of 100 mg, den).

_v ..,, length at a load of 100 mg / den - length at a load of 1 mg / den

N.rauseigraG = ■ —— ■ ——— -

Length at a load of 100 mg / den

Volume weight

The thread is at a tension of 50 mg / den on a spool with a groove with a volume of 40.3 cm, and then the thread that fills the groove is weighed.

Spatial weight =

Volume of the groove (40.3) Weight of the thread

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1. Bicomponent fibers and threads with spiral crimping, consisting of a polyethylene terephthalate component and a side-by-side copolyester component. characterized in that the copolyester of repeating polyethylene terephthalate units and repeating Units of the formula