DE2132607C3 - Method and shell connector for the firm and tight connection of individual shells of foamed shell components - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for firmly and tightly connecting individual shells for production of foamed shell components, in which fiber-reinforced ones are molded in split open forms Plastic shell parts assembled using a shell connector and in the foamable polyurethane-based plastic is injected into the cavity and the cavity is filled with foam and the finished shell component is removed from the mold will. The invention further relates to a shell connector for connecting individual shells made of fiber-reinforced Plastic.

It is already known that shell components are foamed with foam Intermediate space, e.g. to manufacture boat hulls in such a way that an inner and an outer shell is laminated in each case in separate forms, after which the molded parts are joined together and in the cavity formed z. B. foamable Polyurethane-based plastic is injected,

which combines with the subsequent laminates during foaming and curing and thus results in a tightly sewn two-shell construction. Such a production method results in both a smooth outer skin and a smooth inner skin and a firm connection between the two shell parts. However, it makes great difficulties to seal the seam or the parting plane between the shells and at the same time to form the transition between the two shell parts so that a smooth shape is created, such that a shell component produced in this way, e.g. B. a boat hull with a correspondingly manufactured shell component, namely a cover part, can be brought together without the need for major reworking. In particular it must be achieved that the sealed sammenfügungsstelle to the two shell parts and flat. The difficulties that arise here, as well as the entire coloration process, have been explained in more detail in an article by E. H eit ζ, published in issue 4, April 1971 of the cuneiform Kunststoff-Rundschau pages 201 to 206, and connection options have also already been discussed which allow the parts of a boat hull to be connected to one another without, however, the object being achieved of allowing the abutting edges of a two-shell foamed shell degradation part to merge smoothly and without jerking or without protruding or recessed edges, this transition preventing the ingress of Water is sealed. Although it is already known to mold individual parts when manufacturing foamed shell components (German patent specification 940 787), no method has been specified to provide laminate-reinforced shells, the space between which is filled with foam, with a smooth, sealed transition, which at the same time allows it to insert a cover layer in the area of this transition. Furthermore, it is already known to insert a circumferential edge rail in the area of the circumferential edge in the production of two-shell, clad components (German Auslelegcschrift 1 084009), but the problem is not solved, the two butting fiber-reinforced outer shells are sealed and merge without reworking leave. According to another proposal, as published in issue 5 of the magazine Kunststoff-Rundschau pages 247 to 260, it is provided that the passage points between individual parts, for. B. to close the rudder stock by the two adjoining edges of the boat shell by means of a soft rubber seal or to connect and seal the connection slats by overlaminating and applying adhesive.

However, these previously known methods have numerous disadvantages. in particular ilen that they require a great deal of work and still do not give a sufficient seal. Feiner succeeds it does not, the joint between the two shell components in the To allow the transition area to merge perfectly and smoothly.

The Crfindunj "It is an object to provide a 'method which allows Ivi the production of Schalcibaiitcilcn, whose interior is filled with foam, a fixed and tight connection / wipe the two in each case in the region of surround the Formtrennfuge abutting scarf ·" ¹ edges to create, so that a smooth appearance, also an airtight and watertight connection is created and it should also be made possible that the separation point can be sealed by means of a further aid and secured against impacts and breaking open The primary task is to specify a connecting element which allows the

ίο Mold joint to prevent the ingress of external influences shield, also to create a high-strength connection edge and at the same time this connection edge to protect against impacts or damage.

It is a further object of the invention to ensure that when joining the molded part halves to carry out the foaming process, the two molded part halves can be locked against each other in the correct position so that the two abutting shell component surfaces in their desired position despite the high foaming pressure regardless of the respective foaming temperatures and also of the respective Shaping or warping of the mold halves can merge exactly into one another.

»5 Assuming a procedure like this as a starting point the invention is called, the invention consists in that prior to joining the Shells in the area of the mold core joint extending on both sides of the abutting edges of the shell parts Shear connector is inserted in such a way that it passes through the corresponding receiving grooves with one part Mold halves is fixed, and protrudes with the other part freely into the mold cavity to be foamed and after the shell component has been removed from the mold the outline of which protrudes from the shell connector is separated. By this measure, the shell connector can once exactly in the area of The separating line can be adjusted, the shell connector is also used to seal the two joint halves, the laminates immediately up to the respective Shell connector surfaces can be brought up, and at the same time the shell connector serves as Sealing profile, as well as centering between the two mold halves by means of the corresponding Grooves. In particular, by severing the protruding piece of the shell connector in the Frame a simple cut with a smooth surface produced in the area of the connecting joint between the two shell parts.

According to the invention, a shell connector for carrying out the above method and for connecting individual shells made of fiber-reinforced plastic is designed in such a way that the part of the shell connector protruding into the cavity to be foamed has an anchoring nose and / or grooves and the part of the shell connector that extends outward over the abutting edges of the shells Part is provided with at least one centering profile, which corresponds to corresponding Aufnahmerülcn the form. Through this measure it is achieved that the anchoring in the area of the cavity to be skimmed off can be carried out inwardly, and that the quick connector is furthermore freely centered opposite (loi abutting shell edges) two-sided attachment of a / Entricrprofilierung the two interacting mold halves each other around the entire round in a perfect manner in their

mutual position are secured, so there (3 also a smooth outer skin is obtained.

In the further development of the invention, provision is made that the .ViKilcnvcrbindercr in the area of the abutting edges of the shells has at least one snap-in recess which is located within the abutting edge area starting beyond the abutting edge area. With this measure it is possible after the removal of what originally extends beyond the actual outer shell shape Centering and holding the shell connector in the molds, as well as for mutual positioning of the two halves of the mold serving to expose the anchoring area, because of the extent of the snap-in recess on both sides of the later outer border of the part to be produced, slight deviations in the deeper blast recess remain insignificant and this snap-in recess then extends into the interior of the shell part. In advantageous In this way, it is provided that the snap-in recess has a longitudinal slot-like cross section having.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the snap-in recess should have a corrugation known per se, Grooves, teeth, surface activation or sealing layer can be provided with an adhesive application a purpose which will be discussed later.

It is also advantageous that the shell connector in the area of the abutting edges of the shells or is provided on both sides with a retraction marking the later severing cut in order to thereby reduce the Guide dps cutting knife to make in a simple manner and thus to achieve a smooth cut surface, which adjoins the adjoining outer skin surfaces the shell components to be connected can connect seamlessly.

As an advantageous further development of the shell connector it is provided that the centering profile of the shell connector corresponds to the receiving grooves the mold halves is undercut. This measure ensures that by elastic Breathing in the shell connector z. B. in the upper half of the mold when turning the upper half Mold halves or when lowering the upper mold halves the lower mold half of the shell connector does not fall out of a centering profile can, since it is held by the undercut receiving groove.

The shell connector ksnn consist of two corresponding parts that each work together with one half of the mold. This enables each shell edge to be covered by a shell connector , which then together with the corresponding shell connector part of the other mold half results in a smooth end surface.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the two corresponding shells connector parts are provided with corresponding centering teeth and / or snap-in recess in their mutual contact area, so that here again a mutual centering or positioning of the two mold halves when the two are placed on top of one another mold halves is carried out for the purpose of foaming and consequently the two rotating Schalenverbindcrteile connect through the Zentrierverzahnung in a precise Relativlagc and also under the influence of Schäumdruckes from diesel relative position can not be displaced. In order to improve the positioning or mutual positioning, the shell connector outer surface can also be provided with multiple teeth, which cooperate with a corresponding toothing of the receiving grooves of the mold halves. In this way, it can be achieved at the same time that, depending on requirements, the shell connector in a more or less in

ίο bring the mold cavity into the protruding position can.

In the area of the shells, the shell connector can rest on the inside and / or outside of the shells Cover tabs, fastening tabs or outer edges

> 5 should be provided for a better transition in the subsequent shell surfaces and a better one To obtain connection to these shell parts.

Advantageously, the cover tabs, fastening tabs or outer edges can be attached to their contact

ϊο side on the shell surfaces and / or shell edges be provided with a known grooving, corrugation, roughening or surface activation, to in the course of the foaming process or z. B. by applying a plastic layer a better one

to achieve adhesion with the subsequent scarf parts.

Starting from one or more central areas, one or more can be added to the areas to be foamed Stiffening ribs protruding into the cavity of the shell component on the shell connector and / or corner profile can be provided so that the insert of special reinforcement laminates superfluous and the shell connector itself as a load-bearing projecting into the cavity to be foamed Etaukörper can be formed.

Advantageously, the stiffening ribs provided with a known roughening, corrugation, profiling or surface activation to get a better connection to the foaming plastic or foam.

In connection with the shell connector, the free side of the shell connector and in particular the abutting edges of the shell component outer skin by means of cover flaps, into the snap-in

recess or detonation recesses with grooved or surface-activated, treated detonation teeth engaging snap-in profile can be attached to the shell component or to the shell connector being. By this measure it is z. B. possible

borrowed, a metallic or made of plastic, blasting circumferential and, in particular, impact-resistant cover profile into the snap-in recess, corresponding fastening tabs are provided and the snap-in profile with the bumper

th of the shell components overlapping flaps is provided so that, for. B. by additionally entering Sealing plastic fastened both the snap-in profile in the shell connector, as well as the entire Contact surfaces between the shell connector, shell parts and snap-in profile to form a solid Whole can be united. Here, through the intended surface activation or Surface roughening of the snap-in profile a further improvement of the sealing effect and retaining effect

can be achieved. If you have the explosive profile with one or more explosive profiles, Bars, cover strips. Stop bars, smooth surfaces, Hinge profiles, cavities, sealing lips or

It is possible to create a Establish connection with other components using the connection in which then the blow-in profile is blown in, so that Components connected to a shell connector can be connected to one another in a simple manner.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are given below explained in more detail with reference to the drawing.

Fs represent

Fig. 1 is a schematic section through a closed Form with inlaid shell connector and foamed shell components,

Fig. 2 shows a schcmatikcn detail Schnill the finished shell component with shell connector and with inserted snap-in part as well as with illustration the disconnected connector part or the snap-in part before snap-in,

F i g. 3 a, 3 legs a schematic section through a Embodiment of the shell connector in the foamed state or a detailed section through the completed shell component kanie,

F i g. 4 a, 4 b are schematic representations of modified embodiments of the shell connector and its application,

5a, 5b show a schematic representation of a Another embodiment of a shell component with inserted corner profiles after foaming or after finishing the edges,

Fi g. 6 a, 6 b, 6c, 6 d, 6e, 6 f, 6 g different profile designs the shuttering connector or a connection profile,

F i g. 7 a, 7 b, 7 c, 7 d, 7 e, 7 f Execution and application forms a two-part shell connector,

F i g. 8 a, 8 b, S c, 8 d, K c, 8 f, 8 g, X h execution and Forms of application of a switch connector for panel joints,

9 embodiments of a switch connector with relatively thick components.

Fig. IU, 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10c, 10f, 10g, 10h Application of a shell connector in the manufacture of a boat hull.

Fig. 11 Shell connector with reinforcement profile.

In the following description, reference symbols are used as follows:
1 upper fonmhälfic

1 a receiving groove c

2 lower mold halves c
2a recording crillc

3 shell ties
3a centering profiling
3b blast cutout
3c anchoring lugs
3d explosive profile

3e single teeth

3f cover flaps

3g separated part

3h separating cut

3i decorative profile

3k sealing lip c

31 Riffelleistc

3m corrugation

3n corner profile

3o outer edge

3p teeth

3q confirmation flaps

3r adhesive plastic application 3s canine teeth

3t middle piece

3u injection recess
3ν drip nose

3w confiscation

3χ Intermediate profiling

3y centering teeth

3z central area
ίο 4 shell component

5 upper shell
5a shell parts

6 lower shell
6a shell part

• 5 7 Sehaiimsloffkern
X connector
y hinge pin

10 sealing profile

11 Cover strip
12 stop bar

13 sliding surface

14 hinge profile

15 cavity

16 reinforcement insert
17 sealing lip

IS sealing lip recess
iy bridge

20 footprint

21 reinforced edge
22 stiffening ribs

In Fig. 1 is a Ausführungsur.gsbeispicl of the shell connector shown, wherein the shell component by means of two mold parts, namely an upper mold half 1 and a lower mold half 2 is made by on the mold surfaces of the open Mold halves 1, 2 each release agent is applied, after which a first, in particular colored Artificial lumber layer is applied, after which one or more additional layers of plastic have hardened are applied, in particular one or more Versnirkungsinslagen, fiber fleeces, reinforcement mats or Multi-layer laminating inserts are introduced into the plastic compound, so that an extremely Resistant outer cover layer is formed, which has an upper shell 5 and a lower Shell 6 forms.

According to Fig. 1 is a Aufnahmerillc la cingeformt in the lower mold half 2. which runs approximately parallel to the edge of the shell component 4 or the lower shell 6 and into which the shell connector 3 is inserted and held in the receiving groove la by means of a centering profile 3a. Due to the wedge-shaped design of the receiving groove la and the corresponding design of the centering profile 3a, a secure hold of the shell connector 3 in the lower mold half 2 is achieved.

The shell connector can consist of conventional material, which dei with the material Shell components or with the later filled foam connects well, z. B. can the Schalenver binder 3 made of hard rubber, neoprene, PVC, metal or plastic, in particular di < Surface of the Schalcnverbindcrs 3 with a to:

Surface activation, roughening and profiling are used to improve adhesion or molding tion or corrugation can be provided or e can be on the surface of the shell connector pro

708817/46

! 'ils, which /. B. can be made as Slrangprcßprofil, either during extrusion or then the Uiifiuni; or the binding-improving layers are applied, with /. B. even when using a / Miiminiiiinprofils an application of plastic can already be melted, dissolved or ulcanized. As shown schematically in FIG. 1. the shell connector 3 has an outer centering profile 3 ″ and an inner anchoring profile icru ng with anchoring lugs ic. which z. B. can be designed in the shape of a hammer head or which can also have an additional profiling that increases the surface area.

In the area of the transition of the two shell components, namely the upper shell 5 into the lower shell 6, the shell connector 3 is provided with a protrusion recess 3h , such that after the two shell components have been formed from the mold halves 1, 2, this snap recess 3 /; partly outside the outline of the sclialenleile 5, 6 partly within the outline thereof. As already mentioned, after molding the upper and lower shells 5. 6 in the upper and lower mold half I. 2 of the shell connector 3 with its centering 3ü in the receiving groove la the one mold half, according to FIG. 1 of the lower mold half. inserted, after which the upper mold half 1 is placed on the lower mold half 2. Then, through suitable inlet openings, liquid foam is injected into the cavity between the upper shell 5 and the lower shell 6 to form a foam core 7, which is intimately connected to the free inner surfaces of the upper and lower shell 5, 6 and to the free surface of the shell connector 3, so that a compact component is accordingly created. The end areas of the upper shell 5 and the lower shell 6 adjoining the shell connector 3 have been set flush with the mold surface before the mold halves 1, 2 are joined together, so that the joining of the mold halves I, 2 is no problem and after joining the Mold halves 1, 2 connect the free ends of the upper and lower shell ä, 6 tightly to the corresponding surfaces of the shell connector 3.

After the foam filling has hardened, the now finished shell component 4 can be removed from the opened mold halves 1, 2, after which a separating cut 3A is made in the area of the transition from the upper shell 5 to the lower shell 6 so that the outer piece of the shell connector which is 3 j formed as Zentrierprofilierung 3 <comes in elimination and b is exposed by the separation cut out 3h the Einsprengausnehmung. 3

As can be seen from Fig. 2, for this purpose the separating cut 3Λ is guided along the edge of the shell component 4 (Fig. 1), so that the separated part 3g of the shell connector 3 falls off the shell component, after which the aforementioned snap-in recess 3b 3d is a Einsprengprofil stamped, pressed or glued, as this is shown in Fig. 2, right side, and wherein this Einsprengprofil z 3d. B. has two cover flaps 3 /, which have a shape corresponding to the edge profile of the shell component and the outer edges of the cover flaps 3 / by a small amount corresponding to the shape of iles shell base part to be stronger; 3 </ in the EinsprengauMJehüüüjg 3h of the Schaler, Verbmders 3 a certain pre-tension arises (.l through which the cover flaps 3) with their edges are pressed sealingly onto the surface of the upper and around ere ι shells 5 and 6 to hold the linsprengproiils 3 </ serves a middle bar, which softens to the rear splinter teeth 3c , which one to the rear

ίο have forward toothing, in such a way that: after pressing in or knocking down these one snap teeth 3c, leizteve are held with considerable bias in the Einsprcngausnchmiing 3h of the shell connector 3. why, as already mentioned, nocl

5 an additional application of adhesive, plastic application Paint application or the Miifführung of a sealing strip can be provided.

Due to the above-mentioned pressing bias of the cover flaps 3 / and in particular by using a plastic order in the clei snap-in recess 3 /> or on the inside of the cover flaps 3 / and the snap-in teeth 3e , a tight and firm connection can be created so that the usual unclean appearance from / weischa-

^ 5 lig made plastic components is avoided and at the same time a secure connection is made by the adhesive surface of the shell connector 3 will.

In FIG. 3 a is a further general example of a Schalenbaiiteiles or a Schalenverbindcrs shown, it being arrived at that the shell component as a boat deck. Engine cover c. Kofleiraumdeckhaube or roof profile should be designed for a vehicle. Here, too, the upper shell 5 and the lower shell <i are molded into an upper mold half 1 and a lower mold half 2 in the manner described above, after which the shell connector 3 is inserted into the receiving groove la of the lower mold half 2, which, as from the Fig. Yes can be seen, is arranged obliquely to the later outer edge of the shell component to be produced. In this embodiment, the Schalenvci binder 3 has two centering profiles 3a. One of which corresponds to a lower receiving groove In in the lower mold half 2 and the other upper centering profile 3ü corresponds to a correspondingly designed receiving groove la in the upper mold half 1. Here, the arrangement of the Aufnahmerillcn la, la se is made that the parting line between the upper mold half 1 and the lower Formhäifte 2 in the loading runs rich between the two Zentrierprofilierungen la of Schalenvcrbinders 3, so that by this measure simultaneously the two mold halves, namely borrowed the upper Formhäifte 1 and the lower mold half 2, adjusted or centered against each other , since when inserting the shell connector 3, z. B. in the lower mold half 2, when placing the upper mold half 1 whose Aufnahmerillc la is centered on the upper Zcntrierprofilierung 3a of the shell connector 3 , so that by using the shell connector 3 at the same time a perfect centering or. Adjustment of the two mold halves during the manufacturing process of the shell component

is formed without the need for special guide pins or other external guide means between the mold halves.

According to FIG. 3 a , the shell connector 3 has

II 12

on its inner surface a ritual in the , wcI- narrow bead b / w. be tapered before to improve the posture of the foamed in should also win here! in the vorbcschi ichencn way th foam core 7 is used. Here, too, indu I'ormhallien I and 2 each have an upper shell 5 Hen the outer edges of the olvren Sehale 5 or or. a unieie shell 6 is formed, after which a lower shell immediately adjoins the recess. :> the shell halves in the corresponding receiving switch for receiving the shell barrier 3 in the groove 1 α or receiving groove Za of the upper b / w. uniejcsveiligcn foimieiicn 1 b / w. 2 serves. So isl ge icn Foimhalltc 1 b / w. 2 der crliiulungsueiniißc Schamäß F "i g. 3 a the shear connector 3 with a back tie 3 with his!

Area of the later Ί rennsehnitt 3 / j or the ir According to F i μ. 4 a it is intended that this Zenlricrpro-

later transition edge / between the upper filieruiig 3 »as a simple customer profile, see above

Sehale 5 and the lower shell 6 runs, so that here again a secure holding of the

after pressing deep foam foam 7 um! Schalcnverhindcrs 3 in one of the mold halves wall

after it has hardened and after the mold has been opened, the l'inlcL 'process is achieved and wherein

1 and 2 echoed the shell component 4 removed - 15 after joining the two mold halves 1.

men will, after which the mentioned separating cut 3 // ge It through the Schalemerbinder 3 in perfect

can be performed. Are positionally secured against each other, so that

As can be seen from FIG. 3b. will be after the lere Zcntneraufnehmungen. Central lilte or other

Removal of the separated part 3ji in the now free guide profiles can be omitted, which ins

The protruding recess 3 /> a protruding profile 2 is particularly important for large-area components.

3 (/ pressed in, if necessary with an accompanying one because of the discontinuation of the H informe η obstructive

Plastic or adhesive order, so that dement guide means. After laying down the bowlir.

Spicchend both the Hinsprengausnchmung 3 /), as binders 3 in the one half of the mold, as he did before

also the hand edges of the upper shell 5 b / w. the u: i- mentions that the form will be closed, after which on

leren shell », which is directly attached to the shell.! * 5 then the foam core 7 is poured in

bump into the binder 3, cover them and take care that after the subsequent hardening of the

egg around. As already described above, the cover slip core 7 can be the top part

fold 3 / of the drop profile 3 </ with pretensioning ..iiis to be removed from the opened mold halves,

on the corresponding surfaces of the upper v.onacli de: already mentioned Trennschniti 3 / i in the He

Shell 5 and the lower shell so that the transition from the upper shell 5 to the isn-

hereby a tight seal is achieved. Here, too, the shell 6 is guided so that the

in the case of the shell connector 3 can be made of both synthetic material free; vlcgi will. Here isl

material. Rubber, as well as made of a suitable metal, the shell connector 3 with two or

exist, which correspondingly surface-activated more anchoring lugs 3c in the form of a swell

is b / .w. with a plastic overlay or with a swivel or a more angular design

AuIv ulcanization is foreseen. as it is also possible. zn, with additional il / l / u of the aforementioned

isl. uen shell connector by melting a longitudinal profile into a further fine profile

Plastic layer to cover b / w. dutch subsequent form of corrugation 3 / ?; can be provided and

ßendes vulcanization or melting of the outward, while others, the surface enlargement.

sprentiprofils id a hermetic seal or measures increasing the liability, such as emc

hot lead. Surface activation. Surface application. Rubber

B Cjemäß Fig. 3, the Hinsprengprofil id How-m ie tion or Kunststoffauflrag be provided con-

in turn, another blasting recess 3u besil-new.

/ en. in which a decorative profile. Cover profile !, butt- According to Fig. 4b, after removing the protective profile. Sealing profile 3 / or the like inserted 45 separated part 3 <; can be blasted into the exposed, and the lower outer edge recess 3 / j can have a blast profile 3; / pressed in, the blast profile 3d has a drip nose 3 ν odei glued, hammered, vulcanized or embedded anchoring nose, with melted, which / .. B. annulling semicircular application of a hooking profile for which is formed and wherein the outer cover flaps nose 3v, as shown in dashed lines in Fig. 3b 50 3 / again with biases of the outer surface. an additional connection to another component adjacent to the upper shell 5 or lower shell 6 can be created. With this and in particular in the area of the cover flap, it can, for example, simply be used to create a hood 3 / an additional seal in the form of a; Motor vehicle can be attached to the load-bearing walls by applying adhesive, applying plastic, simply pressing on. In this case, additional securing profiles can still be applied to the tongue, so that with this method the cover flaps 3 / can be attached, so that components with relatively narrow edges are created who can burst in, but dig out again like them for doors, windows, boat ceiling is prevented. Engine hoods or cover flaps use fin

Here, the shell connector 3 can be both.

this is shown in Fig. 3a, at the outer corner. In Figs. 5a, 5b is a further embodiment

as well as on another edge of a component, in the form of the shell connector 3 shown under An

if necessary also according to the respective phrase z. B. with a vehicle door or a grii

Form requirements of the mold halves 1, 2 on the outer edge part, component, wall part, retained

be arranged anywhere else. 65 or roof. Here, too, are again in an upper

In Fig. 4 a, a further embodiment of the mold half 1 or lower mold half 2 is an upper

shown, it being assumed that the shell 5 or lower shell 6 with shell parts 5i

lenbauteil relatively thin and approximately molded with 6a, wherein after closing the Forrr

A foam core 7 is eiiig'jspni / i in the cavity produced. For the production of especially crockery / tcrs. ornate, padded or easy-grip or fitted edges, additional corner profiles 3 / i are inserted into corresponding receiving grooves la or 2a of the molded parts at one or more corners or other suitable areas, as discussed later in connection with FIGS. 6d and 6c will.

According to this embodiment, the procedure is such that the corner profiles 3n are first inserted into receiving grooves la, la with the mold halves open, the corner profiles 3 /; Carry a surface corrugation 3m , which allows the Eckcnprofüc 3n in the corresponding smooth or corrugated profiled recesses la, 2a of the upper and lower mold halves to be able to set a different depth of insertion of the corner profiles 3n compared to the component to be produced. Likewise, the shell connector 3 is inserted into corresponding recesses la, 2a of the upper mold half 1 and the lower mold half 2, which z. B. each has an upper and lower Zcntricrprofilierung 3a, whose cross-section is, for example, trapezoidal, so that the Schalcnvcrbinder also serves as a precise position security for the two mold halves 1, 2 placed one on top of the other. In this example, the mold parting line is guided in the area of the collision of the two trapezoidal profiles, as indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 5a. The corner profiles 3h, like the shell preventer 3, can be provided with stiffening ribs 22, as indicated in FIG. 5: ", bottom left, so that the corner profiles 3 /! In addition, a component stiffening is achieved.

In this exemplary embodiment, the shell connector 3 again has an entry recess 3 /.> In the area of the transition from the upper shell 5 to the lower shell 6, with one or more corresponding entry openings 3h also being attached to the corner profiles 3n in such a way that after The previously described separating cut 3h can be made after the shell component is formed, the separating cut being made so that it completes the outer profile of the building component to be produced, which is then only interrupted by the opening 3ft. Here, too, the shell connector 3 has a corrugation 3m to improve the adhesion, it being possible for additional, not shown, crimping flaps to be provided. After the finished shell component has been molded, which can be done by elastically pressing the corner profiles 3n out of their receiving grooves la, 2a, after making the separating cuts in each of the exposed recesses 3ft, a recess profile 3i / is injected, as shown in FIG. 5b , whereby /. B. the upper hedge can be provided with a hook-shaped Einsprcngprofil, which in turn has cover flaps 3 /, which can be connected to the surface of the subsequent upper shell or lower shell part by an additional application of adhesive, plastic or Aiifvulkanisierung. In an analogous manner, an entry profile 3d with cover sticks 3 / can be provided at the lined corner and attached as described above, the separating part also being able to be guided at an angle so that a completely clean end or transition of the individual surfaces can be achieved. However, a connecting profile 8 can also be blasted into the exposed recesses 3ft of the corner profiles 3 ″ or of the shell connector 3, as described in connection with FIG. 6 c will be explained. A connection with other components can thus be established in a simple manner.

In fig. 6 a to dg are further embodiments of the connector and its application are shown.

According to FIG. 6 a, for. B. with parallel training the upper shell 5 and the lower shell 6 provided, the shell connector with angled and to be provided parallel to the upper shell 5 or lower shell 6 expiring cover flaps 3 /, so that with an approximately parallel formation of the two shells 5 and 6 a circumferential, approximately rectangular, sealed edge is created. Here too, on the inside, i.e. on the one facing the foam core 7 hm facing side of the Schalcnverbinders 3 one or more anchoring lugs 3c is provided be, which an additional corrugation 3m to improve the adhesion to the foam core 7 can have. The shell connector 3 can in turn on its inside with an activation surface, with a rubber coating or with a Plastic application are given away, which connects with the subsequent shell parts 5, 6.

Outwardly, in turn, a z. B. trapezoidal centering profiling 3 a on one or both sides exiting, soft to hold the Schalcnverbinders 3 in one or the other or in both mold halves I, 2 is used. If a special formation of an additional Einsprcngprofils is not required, the .Schalenvcrbinder 3 can be provided with a one or two-sided indentation 3w at the point of the separating cut 3/1 to be carried out later, which marks the later cutting edge, so that after the shaping of the Schalcnverbinders and separating and removing the separated part 3g a clean surface can be achieved. For easier molding, the shell connector 3 shown in Fig. (Sa) can be divided in the area of the mold parting line.

According to Fig. 6b can be given away in the area of the later outer surface with outer edges 3o in order to produce a flat end closure of the shell component front edges, which, depending on the surface to be manufactured later, can either be straight, profiled or curved and to which the outer surfaces of the upper shell 5 will later be attached or the lower shell 6. To improve the adhesion, anchoring lugs 3c and / or corrugation 3m can again be provided. The Einsprcngausnehmes 3 /> is here again provided tapering into the area of the later separating cut, and is covered to the outside according to FIG. 6b by a centering profile 3a, which z. B. is designed as a simple, hemispherical part, which is particularly advantageous when the molding direction from one or the other mold half runs obliquely to the centering recess, with the centering profiling 3a can then be easily formed due to its Einsprengausnchmung 3 /> under elastic compression. After removing the separated part 3μ by making

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of the separating cut 3A, the snap-in recess 36 is again exposed, if a snap-in recess is provided at all, and if not, for example, by simply removing the separated part 3g, i.e. by cutting away the centering profile 3a, a flat finish is achieved, as has already been done in connection with FIG. ft v. has been described.

A connector 8 (Fig. 6c) can be blown into this exposed snap-in recess 3k , which then has a two-sided, rearward-facing hook toothing with anchoring lugs 3c on a middle piece 3f, and which can then be knocked into the exposed snap-in recess 3b , after which the subsequent Component with its exposed Einsprengausnchmung 3b is pressed onto the other free side of the connector 8. Here, as already mentioned. Adhesive, hardening plastic or sealant can be added so that the outer edges 3 <? the shell connector 3 or the shell component a tight and firm connection can be achieved.

. Indian Fig 6ri is another ^{Ausführungsbeisp:} el illustrated a shell connector as this has been discussed as a corner profile 3h already been in connection with Figures 5 a and 5 b, the Schalcnverbinder 3 shown in Figure 6d has a substantially flat shape.. and is provided in its interior with a Einsprengausnehmung 3b which additionally od with a Inncnriffclung. like. in may be provided, but the Einsprengausnehmung 3JB may also have smooth inner walls.

The illustrated in connection with Fig. 6d, respectively Innenriffclung the Einsprengausnehmung described 3b can also be used in the previously and described later Schalenvcrbindcrn, in which case the Einsprengprofile have a simple Profilicrung or even can be kept smooth, since now the ribbing 3m the Einsprengausnchmung 3 /) ensures the cohesion of the parts.

In the context of the Fig mil. Schalcnverbinder 3 described 6d, as shown in Fig. 6c, are applied by a toothing is mounted in the 3p Fonnhälften 1, 2 of the region of the receiving grooves la, la. During the production of the Schalcnbautcilcs in each of the two halves of the mold 1, 2, the upper shell 5 and the lower shell 6 cingeformed and the Schalcnverbinders 3 then in a selected position in the toothing 3 /; introduced, whereby the relative position of the shell connector 3 with respect to the outer edge of the shell connector to be produced can be selected to have different depths, depending on which of the toothing positions the shell connector is inserted into. In order to secure the position during molding, the shell connector can be inserted into the unruly mold part 2 and z. B. with glue attached in its original position. After placing the upper mold half 1, the two mold halves are centered against each other by means of the common toothing of the shell connector and mold halves, so that the correct adjustment of the positions of mold supports 11, 2 and shells p. 6 is assured.

After foaming in the foam core 7, the finished shell component is removed from the mold halves and the separating cut is made in the manner already mentioned in order to be able to expose the snap-in recess 3b , so that in this snap-in recess again, e.g. B.

a connecting profile according to FIG. B. according to F i g. 2, or according to FIG. 5 b, as well as according to FIG. 3 b, or connecting profiles according to FIGS Fig. 8b, 8d, 8i, 8h can be blown in.

ι ο In this embodiment, one is optional Location of the recess depth or penetration depth of the shell connector profile allows and the outer edges the upper shell 5 or lower shell 6 can be molded directly to the shell connection

»5 binders 3 are brought in so that only very narrow cover flaps 3 / a snap-in cover profile strip 3d to be inserted later are required. Here, in a departure from the illustration in FIG. 6e, the upper shell 5 and the lower

ίο the shell 6 are brought almost tangent to the transition edge to the shell connector 3. In Fig. 6 fist another embodiment of the Schalcnverbinders shown, which in turn has a with a corresponding toothing in the upper mold half 1 and the lower mold half 2 cooperating teeth 3p , so that here again an optional depth adjustment z. B. is possible depending on the thickness of the shells to be produced.

In this case, the circuit connector 3 again has anchoring lugs 3c and can be provided with corrugation 3m on its outside. In order to achieve a better connection to the respective subsequent shell shell, the shell connector can additionally be provided with fastening tabs 3q , which can be connected to the adjoining inner surfaces of the upper shell 5 or the lower shell 6 with the addition or input of an adhesive layer of plastic 3r. Also in this case again a Einsprengausnehmung3b is provided, is provided with an inner extension 6f, in which a correspondingly formed, provided with a corresponding, circular edge Einsprengprofil can be pressed or glued 3d after the Einsprengausnchmung 3b by removing the lost which according to FIG. Part 3g is exposed after making the separating cut 3 / i.

In Fig. 6g, a separate shell connector, i.e. a two-part shell connector, is shown in FIG. 6g, in order to simplify the molding of the shell parts upper half of the mold 1 lv \\. work together in the lower mold sleeve 2, so that by elastically pressing into the slightly undercut profiles, the two halves of the shell can be held in a secure position. The shell connector is in turn provided on its outside with a corrugation 3ni , which, in a departure from the above-described shaping types, corresponds to appropriately designed and folded ends of the upper shell 5 and the lower shell 6, after a plastic application, adhesive application 3r has been applied there. After joining the two mold halves, the foam core 7 is inserted in the usual way.

709 617/461

L ·.

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Injected, with plastic application 3r also taking place in the area of the inner parting line of the shell connectors before joining, and after the centering profile 3fl has been elastically blown out when the mold halves are opened, the snap-in recess 3b is exposed again after separating the outer parts. The plastic application 3r here again ensures a secure seal and connection of the individual parts.

In FIGS. 7a and 7b there is a further embodiment of the shell connector shown. This embodiment is then intended to be used in particular come when the shell components are to have a greater thickness and when the shell connector should have a particularly firm adhesion to the shell parts 5, 6.

In Fig. 7b the starting profile of the shell connector is shown, it being provided to use a special shell connector part profile for each mold half. This shell connector part profile has a centering shoulder 3a which corresponds to a corresponding centering recess la, la in one of the mold halves 1, 2 and is used for the precise alignment of the shell connector part profile with respect to the respective mold half I or 2. Subsequent to the centering shoulder 3a, two grooves are arranged in the area of the later separation point, which form indentations 3h> and which serve to identify the later separation point and facilitate the separation of the centering piece. Here, too, a recess 3b is arranged in the inner area of the shell connector profile, which runs into the inner area of the shell connector profile and the latter continues into one or more anchoring lugs 3c serving to improve fastening, the surface of which in particular has a Activation, is provided with a surface corrugation, transverse corrugation, longitudinal corrugation or roughening and which is approximately pyramidal or pointed in order to improve the molding into the later injected foam. In the area adjoining the later outer sciiale 5 or 6, a fastening attachment 3q is provided, which serves in particular to improve adhesion and which also tapers to a point and which has an inclined edge in the area of the transition between the shell part outer skin and the shell connector, on which the actual later outer edge of the shell part outer skin connects. Here again, grooving, roughening or activation can be provided to improve the connection.

When manufacturing a shell component using the shell connector according to the invention, the procedure is such that, after the release agent has been added, an uppermost gelcoat layer is first introduced into a mold half, after which one or more additional synthetic resin layers can be applied, with one or more inserts, Reinforcement mats or laminates can be molded. A further layer of plastic, adhesive or the like can be applied to the last layer can, in particular in the area of the reinforcing or connecting tab 3> q or in the area of the connection of the shell part outer skin to the shell connector outer edge 3o, after which the shell connector is in its Mold half is inserted with its centering shoulder 3a, the area of the shell connector adjoining the shell outer shell being placed on the plastic layer or adhesive layer applied there and forming an intimate connection with it, if not already

is sufficient if the connection of the shell connector is only done later by the pressed-in foam he follows.

The same procedure is used for the second half of the shell and before the two are joined together

ίο Mold halves can be placed on the later connection point of the two shell connector profiles. insofar as this is within the later edge area of the one to be produced Shell component is, glue or synthetic resin can also be applied, after which the shape is

is closed, so that then the two shell connector partial profiles are firmly connected to each other at their point of contact. After the subsequent Injecting the foam through a suitable opening and allowing it to harden (FIG. 7 c) can

ίο the shell component are formed, after which in the area of the end edge to be produced the separating •, cut is made so that the two, possibly also several Einsprengausnehmui gene 3b are exposed.

Through the previously introduced plastic layers or through the injected foam all contact surfaces between the shell connector profiles are firmly connected to each other and against the surroundings are sealed off, so that a

sealed end profile is created, as shown in FIG. 7 d is shown.

Instead of one constriction recess 3b with a subsequent fastening attachment 3q, a plurality of constriction recesses 3b can also be used

appropriate approaches be provided, which in particular it is then advantageous if the shell component to be produced has a greater thickness.

In FIGS. 7e and 7f, embodiments of the shell connector are shown which are used when a shell connector part is inserted in each of the two mold halves several corresponding anchoring lugs 3c are provided, as well as in the area of the connection to the: respective shell parts fastening tabs 3q are provided, which for placing on the adjoining shell part inner walls with input

so should be used by plastic or adhesive and where "in these fastening tabs 3q obliquely outwards: connect running outer edges 3o, which merge backwards into a flat surface, which can result in the later separating bone 3A. Centering profiles 3a are provided here in each of the outer areas, which are thus separated off later, which merge inwards into recesses or recesses 3w which serve to mark the separating cut.

In order to be able to properly center the two mold halves, namely the upper mold half 1 and the lower mold half 2 and in particular the two shell connector part profiles 3, which are each molded separately in their mold half, an intermediate profile 3x is provided in each shell connector part profile, which together correspond, so that when the two halves are placed on top of one another,

inter-profiling 3 χ also a precise adjustment of both the individual shell connector part profiles, as well as the two mold halves 1, 2 takes place, so that the later outer edges of the shell component are exactly aligned. According to Fig. 7 f the procedure can also be such that the shell connector partial profiles are provided with a centering toothing iy in the area of their subsequent contact surface, so that essentially two identical shell connector partial profiles can be used, which have the aforementioned anchoring lugs 3c, the aforementioned snap-in recesses 3b and the aforementioned Corrugation 3m and the also discussed fastening tabs 3q , as well as the indentations 3w can be provided on the outer sides, which serve to mark the later piece surface and which merge into a flat outer surface, to which the outer edges 3o adjoin.

These measures allow both precise mutual adjustment and centering of the two Shell connector part profiles, as well as precise mutual adjustment and centering of the mold halves 1, 2, as well as the actual shell components or the upper shell 5 and the lower shell (i can be achieved by entering glue or plastic in the area of the contact surfaces between the two Schalenverbinderteiiprofilen, so in the area of the centering 3_y a tight Termination and a permanent connection can be achieved.

In FIGS. 8a to 8g are shown Anwendungsbeispielc the shell connector embodiments described above, wherein in the exposed by the separation section 3b Einsprengausnehmungen an edge profile z. B. to produce a Türfalzcs, which has two outer cover flaps 3 /, which overlaps the outer edges of the two shell outer skins 5, 6 and which has the Einsprengverhakungsprofile 3d corresponding to the Einsprengausnehmungen 3b , so that after prior application of adhesive or a synthetic resin layer, The door rebate profile can be pushed, pressed or knocked open onto the edge of the shell component with the embedding profiles 3d blasted into the blasting recesses 3b and the cover flaps 3 / overlapping, so that a firm and tight connection results from the previously applied adhesive or plastic . In the case of the formation of the edge profile as a door rebate, this has a cover area, which is designed in the form of an extension, a cover strip 11, and wherein, for example, in a door rebate profile made of plastic, a sealing lip 17 is formed with a jet, which is in a corresponding recess 18 can be inserted, as can be seen from FIG. 8b.

The above-described shell connector can also be used to produce a smooth joint, using a profile shown in FIG the respective detonation recesses corresponding Finsprengprofile 3d are formed. Here, the entire inner area of the snap-in or connection profile can have corrugation, roughening or activation and, after prior application of plastic or adhesive, or simply by mechanical compression in connection with a predetermined elastic preload, the connection of two shell components can be formed as a straight panel joint will. Here, as with the other described Verbindungspiufilen it is possible to produce them from rubber, plastic, hard plastic, soft plastic various hardening ■ -O tegrades oiler light metal.

In the F i g. 8 e. 8 f shows a further embodiment in the form of a plate-T-joint or plate cross-section, with lateral extension ribs 19 also being attached here, starting from a central rib 19, which are each provided with anchoring profiling 3d corresponding to the number of snap-in recesses . Here, too, a corrugation, surface activation or grooving can be provided in each of the areas adjoining the outer sides of the shell component that are later pressed in. If in the case of FIG. 8 f only a T-joint is to be produced, intended for a cross joint, one or the other detent profile 3d can be removed in a simple manner. Here, too, assembly is possible with elastic pretensioning by simply pressing in, but in particular with the addition of adhesive or plastic, so that a simple and sealing plate joint can be achieved.

In FIGS. 8g, 8h, an angle plate joint is shown, an approximately triangular profile being used which conforms to the later outer surface of the shell and has cover flaps 3 / and which inside z. B. may have a cavity. Here, too, depending on the number of snap-in recesses, hooking profiles designed as longitudinal profiles 3d are provided, which can be provided with corresponding corrugations, profiles, roughening or surface activations, so that here, too, the hooking profiles 3d are resiliently sprung into the snap-in recesses 3b and, in particular, with the addition of adhesive or plastic, a more secure and tight angle joint can be achieved (FIG. 8g).

In FIG. 9, an embodiment of a shell component or a switch preventer is shown, which is used when the shell component to be produced has a relatively large thickness. Here, two shell connector part profiles are provided, which are used together with one or the other mold half 1, 2 and these shell connector part profiles the already mentioned snap-in recesses 3b, z. B. three, four or even more, each according to the shell component thickness to be produced, which are surrounded by corresponding anchoring extensions 3c, which have the aforementioned profiles 3m or surface activations to improve the adhesion.

A corresponding centering profile 3a is provided in each case in that area of the switch connector which is to be inserted into the receiving groove la or Za of the mold half 1 or 2, while a transition profile 3x can be formed in the area of the later doorstep

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can be given away to the above-mentioned irritation flap 3, so that both a smooth line-shaping of the iridescence ι rhi ικ II is possible. as shown in FIG. 9n . how c .->; iu <; h is possible. To achieve a firm and tight connection of the edge area of the shell connector with the outer skin of the neck shell component via the connecting flap 3t / with prior application of plastic and adhesive. After the two shell connector part profiles have been brought separately into the two mold halves I. 2 and after adhesive or plastic has been applied to the subsequent contact surfaces of the two shell connector part profiles, the mold can be closed, after which foam is pressed into the cavity at suitable points, which will do both shell outer skins. as well as the two shell connecting parts enveloped on all sides on their free surfaces. After the mold halves I, 2 have been opened, the separating cut can be made so that all the snap-in recesses 3b are exposed.

In FIGS. K),! Oa, i () b and 10c, embodiments of the use of a shell connection are shown, as this is shown in connection with FIGS. de has already been described. For the production/. IJ. of a deck is shown in Fig. IO b after Einhringinm the upper shell 5 in the upper mold shell 1 and the lower shell (i in the lined mold 2 in a corresponding receiving groove 2a of the lined mold half 2 of the shell connector 3 with its Zcntricrprofilierung 3a, whereupon attached and the upper mold half 1 on the lower membrane is applied and the foam core 7 is then injected through a suitable opening. Now it softens the two shells 5 and 6 and envelops the neck connector 3. The arrangement of the anchor noses 3t with the corrugation 3w v, lid cine Ie te connection is achieved and a smooth outer finish is achieved through the formation of the outer edges 3d on the shell connector 3. After the mold halves 1. 2 have been formed, the shell component Ik! can be removed, after which by making ■ .ic> already mentioned "I rennschnittcs the Einsprcnglusneiinuing 3 /> is exposed.

In an analogous manner, according to l · i g. 10 b of the line

1 .il. /. B. the boat body, are made, with hu ι the use of two Schalcnverbindungenprofi-I. · Ι is shown. which in corresponding parallel \> itii: i! imciillcu Ia of the lower mold half I, which ι; ·. I ig KIe shown above, inserted vs. rush. Here, too, the shell connections are provided with outer edges 3o and have annulus lugs 3 <protruding into the interior. as well as a corrugation 3m . After the upper shell 5 or the lower shell ft has been molded into the mold halves 1, 2, the shell profiles are inserted, which can also have outer edges 3o abutting the outer shells 5, 6.

After foaming in the foam core 7, after it has hardened, the mold halves I,

2 can be opened and the shell component removed become, according to which the mentioned separation chnitie to expose the blast recesses 3 /> in the plane of the outer edges 3o. It is sufficient to join the two parts. when a connector 8 as described in Fig. 6c was, in which a Einsprengausnchmung 3Λ of a shell part is pressed, after which the other shell part with its Einsprengaus recess 3 /) on the connector that is still free part is pressed on and especially in the He rich of the entire parting line or the connector 8 plastic or adhesive is introduced can.

When using the aforementioned double profile: according to FIG. 10, a double connector 8 can also be provided be seen like this in context mi

ίο Fig. Xd was described, whereby this Connect! outer cover flaps 3 / and one double «. Anchoring lugs or hooking profiles Sc are given away on both sides, which correspond to the corresponding blast recesses 3b , see (

■ 5 that here a maximum of strength of the conn dung is achieved.

Here, too, plastic or adhesive can be introduced into all contact surfaces, so that in the area of the cover noses a perfect seal and a safe transmission generation of the occurring forces can be achieved.

The Fig. IOd shows a connection of a deck?

with a boat hull, both parts as shell components are made using the

link connector which are also used here in two parts. In addition, the connection profile 8 approximately triangular, corresponding to the respective curvatures of the shell components be made and appropriate Einspreng-longitudinal

have profilings 3d , as well as be provided with the mentioned, the wall parts of the shell outer skin overlapping A!

Glue, plastic or sealant manufactured wildly, so that even high forces from the I> ciden parts can be taken over or transferred from one part to the other. The edge profile has here approximately a triangular cavity, which in particular for attaching different parts, introducing cables can serve, in which case a tight seal is achieved despite the use of hollow rivets or screws will.

In fig. Kleist shows another embodiment of a connection between the deck and the boat hull or between two curved or inclined shell components, with obliquely cut shell connectors with appropriately designed snap-in recesses 36, into which a connector 8 provided with corresponding hooking profiles 3d , which also includes the already mentioned cover flaps 3 / has. Due to the inclined design of the abutting edges between deck and hull or between the two components, an extension of the contact surface is achieved, with the two shell connectors being cut off correspondingly in the abutting edge area and with the then exposed ones

Blast recesses 3f> the one in Fig. H)? shown Connector 8 is blown in, in particular with the prior addition of adhesive or Plastic application, so that an extremely strong connection is achieved, with the to the Cover flaps 3 / an essential safeguard against tearing open and bending open on the outer sides of the shells. Splitting of the individual layers is achieved and continues because of the against pulling out

secured points of the l.inprengproiilierung 3d also luihc pulling and bending pins can be transferred to the edge connection.

loaded I-iμ. 10g, 10h other exemplary embodiments are shown, which are then used. when the edges of the shells to be joined b.tuieilc. here the outer edge of a deck and a boat hull are cut off at right angles. Here again the shell connectors have been used in which, after the centering profile 3ti has been separated, one or more opening recesses 3 are exposed and a connector 8 is blasted into these openings, as shown in FIG. 10g where it is assumed that the deck is intended to overlap the abutting edge of the boat hull. Here, the lower layer of the deck lies on a wide area on the edge connector. again by entering plastic. Adhesive or the like. Before the individual parts are joined together, a secure and tight connection is achieved and, in particular, the wide webs 19 of the edge connector that are formed provide secure protection against impacts.

In Fig. 10h an embodiment is shown, according to which it is assumed that the side wall of the boat hull scarf overlaps the deck and a correspondingly designed edge connector 8 is introduced into the exposed Einsprengausnchmungen 3b , again in particular plastic for sealing and \ strengthening the Connection is added. Here, too, as in all the exemplary embodiments, two shell connector partial profiles are shown, each of which has, for example, only one snap-in recess 3b . In the case of larger wall thicknesses of the parts to be connected, however, it is also possible to use the shell connector for each mold half not only with a snap-in recess 3b. but also with two or three or more blast recesses 3b . si · that this creates a large number of connection points. Furthermore, the cover flaps 3 / the edge connector parts overlapping the outer shell surfaces can be designed in different widths to overlap the butt joints to a greater or lesser extent, with the inner surfaces resting on the shell parts or on the shell connectors with corrugation, profiling, plastic melting or surface activation means for improvement the adhesion can be provided so that the formation of the connection of individual shell components is both liquid and gas-tight and is able to withstand extremely high tensile forces, shear forces. To take over bending forces and torsional forces, which is particularly important when, as mentioned above, the shell connector is used to connect boat parts, in particular for sailboats.

In Fig. 11 is an embodiment of a shell connector shown, which is then used when the shell connector is also used to exert a stiffening effect or load-bearing function for edge formation.

According to FIG. 11, for example, in a shell component such. Ii. A special effect is attached in the area of the deck opening of a boat deck, the entire component being intended to have an extremely high strength in a very simple manner with only simple layers of amine. It is provided that the shell component 4 is heated in such a way that an outer shell 5 is inserted into the upper mold half 1 and a lower shell into the unieie mold shell 2 , whereby a reinforcement layer can also be added in the manner described earlier. Here, special shapes can be provided as reinforcements on the component, so that with a corresponding design of the mold halves 1. 2

ic a reinforced edge 21 is formed on the component, which z. B. can serve as a footprint 20. Here, too, centering profiles 3a are again provided in the one-part or two-part shell connector 3 to be introduced, which correspond to corresponding receiving grooves Xa or la of the mold halves. In the case of a two-part design, a further intermediate profile 3.v is provided for mutual centering of the shell connector partial profiles. In the inner cavity area of the reinforced edge 21, a plurality of stiffening ribs 22 protruding is provided on the shell connector, which are formed starting from the centering recess 3b and a corresponding central area 3z is created from which the aforementioned reinforcing ribs 22 extend. When molding, the procedure is that ζ. B. in the lower mold half 2 of the stiffening shell connector 3 or shell connector part is inserted, in such a way that the stiffening ribs protrude into the free interior, a corresponding Einsprengprofilierung the centering profile 3a can be provided so that the exact position of the stiffening ribs in the interior of the Mold cavity is guaranteed. Then the upper mold half 1 is placed on the lower mold half 2, ν obei by the mentioned centering profile 3a a mutual centering of the two mold halves takes place, so that the abutting edges of the upper shell 5 and 6, which abut the shell connector, are in exact alignment or a shell connector part profile is also inserted into the upper mold half, and after the mold is closed, all parts are mutually held 3 times in the sol position by the mentioned intermediate profile shown in dashed lines in FIG. 11. After foaming in the foam core 7, the stiffening shell connector is foamed into the cavity on all sides, so that a maximum of strength and stiffening is achieved. After cutting off the centering profile!

3a is again the intended or intended Nen blast recesses 3b exposed, which "then through 'the earlier mentioned Einspreng profiles can or can be covered, where glue can also be applied. It is however it is also possible to use the shell connectors accordingly, e.g. according to Fig. 6d, Fig. 6b or Fig. 6g the.

The shell connector can be formed out as an extruded profile and can, for. B. made of hard rubber, plastic such as semi-rigid PVC and hard PVC, chloroprene polymer or polyurethane, each with different suitable Degree of hardness, furthermore be made of metal, the free surfaces each having a surface Activation to improve the connection, add a layer of plastic or a layer of ciiimmie could be; in addition, the surfaces, ζ. Ε for metal roughened, profiled, corrugated, grooved ods. be coated.

709 617/48

As mentioned earlier, the switch connector is used once angry skinner, who at foamed Shell skin parts usually exposed front edges, in addition, the shell connector also used for large-area centering of the two halves of the mold, if the shell connector Is formed in one piece. However, it is also possible to use a two-part or multi-part shell connector can also be used to center the two mold halves, if the shell connector, such as 7e, 7f, 9a shown schematically, still has a further centering surface, which with a corresponding profiling of the corresponding shell connector cooperates in such a way that that the one shell connector is inserted into one mold and also the other shell connector part is inserted into the other form, and with the two shell connectors on their corresponding Surfaces have interlocking profiles, such as those shown in Figs. 7e, 7f, 9a shown is.

Through the formation of this large-area or over the entire outline extending connection and centering profile, an extraordinary dimensional accuracy of the individual components can be achieved, even if the latter have large dimensions and thus, due to the elastic deformations, deviations in the one / one edge regions / wipe l to both. ^"; were occurring nrmhülften, which is especially the case if only a few Fuhrungsstiftc or guide means are used which also wear out its use in the course, so to a certain game and to some initial cap / the bulge mold halves The respective new insert of the shell connector profiles with their mutual centering pro-

fillings, such a progressive increase in the game and thus the offset is avoided and every single shell component that is formed from the mold has the exact precision position its free shock channels, which through the shell

»5 connector is produced. In addition, however, reworking can also be carried out in a simple manner Carry out the abutting edge in the course of the cutting process, with certain irregularities as well can be compensated without the ei

»° the actual foam layer is exposed. this is especially important when this foam layer is under all circumstances before penetration Moisture, gases or vapors kept free who the must to, for. B. a destruction by frost ode

»5 to avoid an increase in weight, which in particular which is important for boat parts, motor vehicle parts, building panels, wall parts or doors.

In addition 11 sheets of drawings

Claims (15)

'f patent claims: 1. Process for the firm and tight connection of individual shells for the production of foamed-in ones Shell components, in which fiber-reinforced molded in split, open forms Plastic shell parts assembled using a shell connector and in the resulting cavity foamable polyurethane-based plastic is injected, the cavity foamed and the finished shell component is removed from the mold, characterized in that, that before joining the shells in the area of the mold parting line a on both sides of the Butting edges of the shell parts extending shell connector is inserted so that this with a Part is fixed by corresponding grooves in the mold halves and with the other Part protrudes freely into the mold cavity to be foamed and after the shell component has been removed from the mold the piece of the shell connector protruding beyond its outline is cut off. 2. shell connector for connecting individual shells made of fiber-reinforced plastic according to claim 1, characterized in that the protruding into the cavity to be foamed part of the shell connector (3) has an anchoring nose (3r) and / or ribs (3m) and over the abutting edges of the shells outwardly extending part is provided with at least one centering profile (3a) which corresponds to corresponding receiving grooves (la, la) of the mold (1, 2). 3. Shell connector according to claim 2, characterized in that the shell connector (3) in the region of the abutting edges of the shells (5, 6) has at least one snap-in recess (3b) which extends within the abutting edge area beginning beyond the abutting edge area 4. Shell connector according to A.nspruch 3, characterized in that the snap-in recess (3b) has a longitudinal slot-like cross section. 5. Shell connector according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the snap-in recess (3b) is provided with a known corrugation, grooving, toothing, surface activation, sealing layer or an application of adhesive. 6. shell connector according to claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the shell connector (3) in the region of the abutting edges of the shells (5, 6) is provided on one or both sides with an indentation (3w) marking the later separating cut (3Λ). 7. shell connector according to claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the Zentricrprofilierung (3a) of the shell connector (3) is undercut corresponding to the receiving grooves (la, la) of the mold halves (1, 2). 8. shell connector according to claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the shell connector (3) consists of two, each with a mold half (1,2) co-operating, corresponding parts. 9. shell connector according to claim 8, characterized in that the two correspond- the shell connector parts are provided with a corresponding centering toothing (3y) and / or snap-in recess (3b) in their mutual contact area. 10. Shell connector according to claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the shell connector outer surface is provided with a multiple toothing (3p) which cooperates with a corresponding toothing (3p) of the receiving grooves (la, 2a) of the mold halves (1, 2). 11. Shell connector according to claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the shell connector (3) in the region of the shells (5, 6) with on these inner and / or outer cover tabs (3 /), fastening tabs (3q) or outer edges ( 3o) is provided. 12. Shaft connector according to claim 11, characterized in that the cover tabs (3 /), fastening tabs (3a) or outer edges (3o) on their contact side on the shell surfaces and / or shell edges with a known grooving, corrugation, roughening or OberPä chenaktivierung are provided. I ?. Shell connector according to claims 2 to 12, characterized in that, starting from one or more central areas (22), one or more stiffening ribs (22) projecting into the cavity of the shell component to be foamed are provided on the shell connector (3) and / or corner profile (3m) are. 14. Shell connector according to claim 13, characterized in that the stiffening ribs (22) with a known roughening, corrugation, profiling or surface activation are provided. 15. Shell connector according to claims 2 to 14, characterized in that in connection with the shell connector (3) a free side of the shell connector (3) and in particular the abutting edges of the shell component outer skin (by means of cover flaps 3 /) covering, into the snap-in recesses (3b ) can be attached with grooved or surface-activated snap teeth (3c) engaging Eihsprengprofil (3d).