DE2115777B2 - COLLECTORLESS DC MOTOR - Google Patents

Description

gate operating variable received a clock oscillation of a predetermined value for reasons of resonance

receives initial value from variable frequency . that guarantees a motor start-up. These

2. A commutatorless DC motor according to An Taki oscillation has a fixed, unchangeable claim 1, characterized in that the oscil- quency, which is determined by the size of /? C elements of the lator (13) via a feedback line {15) to 20 control circuit . This frequency is set depending on the speed of the motor (10) on the molar speed or other motor operating voltage. sizes not affected. As soon as the engine starts

3. The commutatorless DC motor is started, the further control of the switchover takes place 1, characterized in that the oscillation of the power supply from winding phase to winding (13) via an RC stage (18) as a frequency strand through the armature winding strand control element to the DC voltage source (11) against induced and in the control circuit of the motor is laying. recovered EMK. Experience has shown that one

4. Brushless DC motor after perfect operation of these motors only up to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized thereby given to a certain load on the engine draws that the oscillator (13) is with an on 30, since experience has shown that each switch from one direction to limit its operating frequency forced control by a fixed predetermined is provided to an upper limit value. Vibration to one of the engine speed

5. Commutatorless DC motor results in a transition area after dependent control, one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in which the control of the motor is insecure shows that a multivibrator is provided as the oscillator and that there are stronger fluctuations in the load. tors can have a disruptive effect on the running of the engine.

The invention is based on the object

oscillation-generating ring circle in the control

The invention relates to a collectorless circuit of a collectorless circuit mentioned at the outset

sen DC motor with a permanent magnet 4 ° DC motor in such a way that it

rotor, a stationary multi-pole armature winding throughout the starting area while avoiding un-

with several winding phases, each of which is safely controlled via controlled intermediate areas.

one ordered by an electronic control circuit The object set is according to the invention at

influenced power transistor to a DC voltage a brushless DC motor of the input

voltage source are placed, and solved with a vibration 45 mentioned type in that as a ring circle

generating ring circuit in the control circuit. A ring counter is used whose stages each have one

Such a collective DC motor is made of the power transistors control, and his

British Patent 1,131,759 known. Counting signals from an oscillator with an in

To operate a brushless direct current dependency of a motor operating variable on a tors must in the stationary multi-strand armature 50 predetermined initial value from variable free winding a rotating magnetic field is generated. The oscillator can advantageously the one that the permanent magnet rotor follows. That um- via a return line to one of the rotating ends Magnetic field is achieved by the number of the motor dependent voltage or via a Winding strands of the anice winding evenly /? C-stage as a frequency control element to the DC voltage the circumference of the motor distributed 55 be placed voltage source. The oscillator can be used and successively in a certain and moderate consist of a multivibrator and also desired direction of rotation to the DC voltage source with a device for limiting its operation will. The switching of the operating frequency to an upper limit value must be provided, DC voltage from winding phase to winding A brushless DC motor according to strand is made by means of an electronic control switch- 60 invention thus has an oscillator as a clock generator causes. whose frequency does not remain constant, but rather

For this purpose it is known to have an auxiliary piston either as a function of the molar speed

to use the editor depending on or depending on the running time of the engine,

The position of the rotor only changes from the start-up time. He

of a certain winding phase and that has the advantage that its operating behavior

determined by a certain direction of rotation. The ten to different application cases by the

Auxiliary collector can adjust the starting frequency of the oscillator from one with the permanent choice

magnet rotor revolving permanent magnets. The starting frequency of the oscillator can be like this

As indicated by the part of the shadow drawn in with dashed lines is indicated, the frequency of the oscillator 13 can also be independent of the instantaneous Speed of the DC motor10 middle the ÄC member 18 can be changed via wel-Se / the control input of the oscillator 13 is connected to the DC voltage source ^.

In Fig. 2 is an Ausfv ¹ "
circuit shown in

_s i in s i m

be set so that the ring counter when the motor is switched on with this specified starting frequency switched and thus a start-up of the motor is caused with certainty. The example The oscillator designed as a multivibrator also runs with a relatively small one even when the engine is not running Operating frequency. By changing the operating frequency of the oscillator as it runs up of the DC motor becomes the counting speed

of the ring counter changed, and there is another io chen reference numerals as in Run-up of the direct current motor up to a ge F i g. 1 are used. the

desired speed is reached by an additional oscillator 13 and the _-. ,,. ,

borrowed speed control circuit can be determined. a coupling stage 19 'is connected to each other The motor is running over its entire start-up range. The oscillator 13 is a MultiviDraior inevitably clocked, and there is no critical 15 Its the two transistors 131 ^ Un (I _ The transition point between two different transmitting circuits is a control or regulation state.

With a favorable design of the feedback loop one to one of the speed of the motor Depending on the voltage applied to the oscillator, the DC motor * can be operated within 20 times, which approximately corresponds to the operating behavior of direct current shunt motors.

and therefore does not need to be explained in more detail The oscillator is connected to the DC voltage source connected, of which only the connection terminals> Men 111 and 112 are shown. The oscillator 13 has a control input 133 and a signal output 134, which the latter with input 19,

When controlling the oscillator via an (RC stage as a frequency control element, regardless of the current speed of the motor, with a favorable choice of the time constant of the # C stage a sufficiently slow increase in the drive frequency of the oscillator can be achieved, so that the

to 103 the

the induced

made up of two transistors 191 um. 192 existing Coupling stage 19 is connected.

The ring counter 12 consists of three identical SU = - fe-n in a manner known per se as flip-flops made up of two transistors 121 and 122. Each stage controls a power transistor 2 «, 21 or 22, whose collector-Emilter route m

Motor of this frequency change certainly follows 30 series with one of the winding phases 101 102 or gen can. In this way, a synchronizer 103 of the armature winding of the DC motor can be started hold the DC motor. the DC voltage source is applied. The muil1. u ^

Details about the invention can be found in the ring counter, 12 lock or close de Leistunj.-der following description in connection with transistors 20 to 22 and thus control ^ the Gle.chder Drawing on which an embodiment of a 35 power supply of the individual1 winding strands .ui According to the invention designed brushless to 103 in the desired Jrolge. DC motor is shown. In detail, the shows in the winding phases IUl

F i g. 1 a the basic principle of the control circuit armature winding of the DC motor durcn explanatory block diagram, revolving permanent magnet rotor

Fig. 2 an embodiment of a motor control 40 voltage is in each case via a diode ζ j dusguMjp circuit according to the invention. pell and via the return line 15 to the

^{bb B} - control input 131 of the oscillator 13 given the

The voltage occurring on the feedback line 15 is therefore dependent on the speed of the DC motor. and this voltage causes a change in the same direction depending on its size Operating frequency of the oscillator 13, so that when the direct current motor becomes faster, so does the operating frequency of the oscillator and thus the operating frequency of the ring counter 12 is increased.

The speed of the DC motor increases until the on the winding phases 101 to 103 induced voltage has reached a value that

uuci cmc Ru ^ u ₁ HUUp ₁ U ₁ U ₁₁ B χ- "μ" - v ^., the breakdown voltage of a Zcnerdiodc 24 ent the speed of the DC motor 10 dependent ₅₅ speaks, which in series nut a Gleichncmeraiode za control signal, namely a signal with one of the voltage dependent on the between the inner end of a btrangwicKiung lui speed of the DC motor dependent voltage up to 103 and a second return line 17 sufficient or dependent frequency over the speed is kvl. The second feedback line 17 is connected to the limiting circuit 14 on the oscillator 13 against the input 193 of the coupling stage 19, which thereby changes its operating frequency, ie is located together with the output lij. des is and via the coupling line 16 incremental oscillator 13 on this coupling mare. This supplies signals for the ring counter 12 with a correspondingly changed frequency when the threshold voltage is reached. The circuit can also switch off the oscillator 13 from the ring counter IZ which has a second feedback line 17, and the ring counter is sent directly to the ring counter 12 at the frequency determined by the speed-dependent synchronization signals 65, bypassing the frequency in its winding phases induced bpandes oscillator 13 can be supplied. operated.

The in Fig. 1 shows a brushless DC motor 10 of FIG type described above, a DC voltage source 11 and as parts of the motor control circuit a ring counter 12 and an oscillator 13. The oscillator 13 is a speed limiting circuit 14 assigned.

The direct current motor 10 is designed with η Ankcr.vicklungssträngen, and the ring counter 12 has accordingly /! individual steps. One of the η stages of the ring counter is assigned to each of the η winding phases.

A return line 15 is one of

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (1)

l 2 stand, which is based on patent claims corresponding to dsn winding strands: evenly distributed over the circumference of the motor 1. Brushless DC motor with an arranged field plates or Hall generators, a permanent magnet rotor, a stationary multi-acting and changing its resistance values (see Sie-pole armature winding with multiple windings - 5 Jiens magazine 1966, pp. 690 to 693). But there are strands that are each influenced by an auxiliary collector control circuit also provided with sliding contacts power ren known that ensure a high starting torque transistor applied to a DC voltage source and where after reaching a be, and with a vibration generating correct speed Sliding contacts through centrifugal ring circuit in the control circuit, which means that χα are lifted from the auxiliary collector by force (s. Specialized feature that a magazine ETZ-B, 1963, p. 173; U.S. patent ring counter (12) is used as the ring circuit, the steps of which are each - 2 753 501). Weil's one of the power transistors (20 to 22) by British Patent 1 131 759 is a control, and its counting signals from an Os- brushless DC motor of the input Zillator (13) known as a function of a type 15 in which in the ring circle