DE2105864C3 - Asynchronous serial printer - Google Patents

Description

electronic computer controlled! Print printing device with two separate ones, according to Beweniger are suitable, may after careful hammering in a printer

Apart from that, they are generally granular to use in the invention,

more complicated and expensive than the synchronous printers. Fig, 4, 5 and 6 other preferred embodiments

A solution to avoid the mentioned 5 forms of in the printer according to the invention

Disadvantagec is that an asynchronous printer becomes reversible type carriers,

to make a synchronous nick by giving him a diagram with curves of the acceleration

with a suitable mechanical carriage release, the speed and displacement of the

provides. Printing carriage for a printer according to Fig. 1 below

For this purpose, ce is to be illustrated by the German interpretation document io

1 282 658 known that the stepping device taking correction according to the invention,

or a control circuit assigned to it with FIG. 8 some approximate correction curves which

Output of an electronic character comparator can be used to make the correction to the

via a time delay circuit and the printing time according to the invention in discontinuous

stronger for the print hammer with another 15 way to apply,

Time delay circuit is connected to its- F i g. 9 in schematic block form a preferred

on the other hand is connected to the comparator, so that tes embodiment to complete some

the step movement discontinuously with superimposed pressure correction devices according to the invention,

The selection and setting of the circulating types. FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a preferred one

depending on the respective position of the = 0 embodiment for realizing the pressure correction

Pressure element and the rotational speed turvorrichiungen,

of the type carrier should take place. 11 shows a variant of the Sy -.-- ms according to FIG. 10,

Such an approach brings serious prosperity. 12 is a diagram of a modified cor-

blcme of a mechanical nature with itself, especially as far as correction curve, which the shifts in behavior

it should take into account the service life and wear resistance of the pressure slide, and

rather concerns devices, and considerably diminishes- F i 3. 13 the details of one in a preferred-

Lich their reliability. use th embodiment according to the invention

The object of the present invention consists of the counter circuit in schematic block form,

in providing a printer which, in accordance with one embodiment, is appropriate to generalize the invention

Principle works that should be viewed as the synchronization of a 30 way before the detailed one

Asynchronous printer can be referred to, with investigation of the proposed solutions too

the synchronization with the help of electronic scarf their realization.

is effected, so that the reliability of the F i g. 1 shows schematically the mechanical imprinter is not endangered. construction of an according to the invention driven and elec-

The object is achieved according to the invention by means of 35 electronically synchronized printers,

variable timing devices for the purpose of Auflöscns The printer has a frame 1 in which the

the printouts are arranged independently of the mo- different parts that are on the

Adjustment of the printing carriage to match the pressure-absorbing medium, the ink ribbon

Points in time at which the printing of the type carrier and the printing device take effect,

to enable suitable solutions. 40 For simplicity and clarity, are

The advantages achieved with the invention are n-jr the essential parts shown,

to see that through the synchronization the various printing devices

is possible, the characters for moving the printing carriage are jcveils individually at the end

required time also for the printing operations of a flexible strip 2 is raised. the

even use it and thus the working speed. 45 Strips or tongues are radially distributed around a

The ability to use the device significantly. Since star-shaped or marguerite-shaped support element 3 too

the systematic stopping of the printing carriage in, which is carried out with the help of suitable drive

the different thicknesses for printing at 4 with constant speed in printing

If the corresponding type is not necessary, movement can be maintained.

still in many cases) during the pressing of the 50 The type carrier and the drive devices Schrrittencichcnsequc the Schlittcnbewcgung are so steered combined on a carriage 5, which on be that the carriage slides with constant guides and positive trans-speed moves with a clear reduction missionen 6 from a drive device 7 so other mechanical stresses and is consequently driven with that it is increased along the guides 14 Reliability occupies 55 different consecutive positions,

The invention is described below with reference to each of which corresponds to a printing position. The arrival

The drawings and the illustrated embodiment drive device 7 can consist of a motor with

bcispiclc explained in more detail. It shows rings; Inertia ', such as a motor with

Fig, 1 is a conventional on-the-fly printed Seiviltung, which is made with a

Asynchronous serial thickener, to which the correction 60 is coupled lung detector 8, the various

or electronic synchronization fiction pressure positions determined, or from one

Applied according to step-by-step motor, dcs & cn runner accurately

Fig.2 a Tcilansictit of the type carrier for which assumes certain angular positions, of which

Printer after Fi.ς. 1, which precisely determine the movement of the font - each one or more of a

due to the overlap of the two printing positions.

movements of the Neigua ^ of the character element on the carriage 5 is in a suitable position

or the printing device illustrated, by an electromagnet 10 actuated pressure

Fig. 3 shows a type carrier, which is arranged at a hammer9. The head of the print hammer

5 6

is very na'ic the outer circumference of the character- is to be printed and that the printing carriage is attached

elements arranged in an area in which the point 24 is correctly positioned and here

the direction of movement of the characters is stopped due to the ground. In this case, if the

the rotation of the type carrier is essentially strip 26, i. Ii. at one by the Voreilwinkcl a

runs parallel to the print line. S shown matching lead, in the given

If the electromagnet is at a given time position, the pressure leakage magnet energizes, so

point and is excited for a very short period of time that the actual printing takes place immediately on the

this is done at this point in time with the printing pressure point 22.

hammer head mating tip The precaution is necessary because of the fact of the flexible strip against the ribbon 11 that the printing on the fly, i.e. Ii. with a lettering print carrier 12 and the backward inclined characters with the peripheral speed ν takes place Level 13 pressed so that the top end and that the print hammer to carry out the the flexible strip arranged characters pressing a certain period of time of about one is printed on the fly. Millisecond needed. The right time, too

The detection of the exact point in time at which the electromagnet is to be energized is possible

chem the electromagnet is to be set is determined by a position detector, which is used to

with the help of a closing detector IS, 16, which simplifies the scheme by point 27.

for example from one with the type carrier is permanently adjusted.

bound code or Zcitstcucrscheibe 15 and an if the axis of the strip 26 at its rotary feeler 16 of magnetic or optical or analogous 20 movement around point 24 at point 27 Iicher type, which goes rigidly past the slide S, is the excitation of the electromagnet is consolidated. causes. The position detector is on the pressure

The operation of a printer of this type involves the carriage rigidly attached so that its position is opposite

two separate and non-overlapping phases, the central point of the type carrier unchangeable

of which the first is to move the pressure »5 bar.

Carriage S from one printing position to the next. Therefore it is assumed that the letter A

and the second is used to wait until the font is to be printed at printing position 23 and that,

character strip with the characters to be printed while the print carriage moves in the direction of the

is determined by the detector 15, 16 and the printing position is still moving and it is at the point indicated by 28

is in the correct pressure seal for this purpose. so designated, with the center of the type

Since there is a matching point between the carriage movement and the carrier, between movement of the type carrier 2 no correlation of the axis of the strip with the letter A and exists, this waiting or reading time between one of the positions in question is practical There is a zero minimum value and a detector representing point 27 coincidence. The maximum value can be changed, which is the same as the 35 d. H. equal to the time when executing under these circumstances is not the span between two successive ones in the correct place 23, but in a place Passage of the same character at the center of which is indicated by point 29. Pressure point disappears. So far it was not possible. Such a point is not exactly on that of the to make the two phases overlap, d. H. 40 point 28, d. H. from the current turning center that Print even then during the carriage movement point from being drawn at the time movement, if in the course of this vertical movement, but shifted slightly to the right, to print the character strips with the - because the slide turns during the hammer Character by the detector 15, 16 detection time at a speed v, moves this is telt, because this leads to a generally not off-print position compared to the correct speed moved laterally, d. H. to a »sufficient to compensate for the lateral offset, set «printing would lead. If, on the other hand, the time of arousal is

This deficiency has been corrected and the overlapping of the ways is delayed by a correction time t _e,

of the two phases by means of a suitable correction it is possible to make the impression at the correct position

of the time of excitation of the electromagnet 10 to get 50 23, albeit with a very small one

made possible the combined effect of leaning.

such a correction and the circumferential speed. With a mathematically precise formula, the

The correctness of the type carrier 2 a lateral shift is determined with the help of the correction time to be made

brings about that of the slide versus the rieh- the equation

term printing position essentially the same and differing 55 t + t _m + t _c

is opposite. t -v - d - f * dt

F i g. 2 illustrates in detail the crisis used ^{c 1} J ^'1
terium.

In Fig. 2 the lines 20 and 21 represent the lowering where t _{e is} the correction time, ν the peripheral speed

right central axes of two through the rectangles 60 density of the character element, d _x the displacement

22 and 23 indicated successive exercise in advance of the center of rotation of the type carrier

Print positions compared to the correct "print position, / the time

Points 24 and 25 represent the centers of rotation point to which between the one to be printed

of the type carrier when the print carriage to the characters and the position detector coincide:

Execution of the imprint at points 22 or 23 65 exists, and t _{m is} the action time of the electromagnet «

is correctly positioned. means.

It is assumed that the one can proceed in various ways at the printing point 22

attached to the strip 26 letter A gc- the necessary defined by the above formula

digc correction. For example, can i /, and v, are expressed as a function of time, by starting from the point in time at which the slide started its movement from a correct pressure setting begins. That means as much as we do. that the regularity of the slide movement is known is. and assuming a good repetition in the behavior of the print carriage, like it is possible by suitable choice of the drive devices and the tax reductions, the correction can be made as a function of the pressure from the immediately preceding pressure line since the start-up time the elapsed time.

This means that in this case an adjustment is provided which brings about a correction i _{c based exclusively on the time measurement.} If the repetitions of the behavior of the print carriage during its movement are not adequate enough, a compensation based on the actual amount of the gaps or the actual amount of the displacement d _t and the speed V ₁ , possibly combined with a time measurement, can be made .

The preferred solutions for implementing it are described in detail below.

It is appropriate to conclude here on that given general information to some secondary "side effects of the proposed Pressure security procedure to remember. Above all, the print hammer must have such transverse dimensions which allow the printing of a character in two adjacent places. Around It is, therefore, to avoid the simultaneous printing of two adjacent characters necessary to attach the characters to their holder with sufficient space between them.

Alternatively, it is possible to print two on the front Hammers of suitable width and overlapping with a type carrier of the one shown in FIG To use type of construction, d. H. with a character emcni, in which each stripe of the character emcnts has a thickening at the end and alternately on two different rows, which interacts exclusively with one of the two hammers.

It also causes the character to be printed during the movement of the print carriage the introduction of the printing time correction a somewhat oblique character imprint.

Such an inclination is dependent on the rotation angle of the type carrier, which is necessary to the error of the stripe shift from the pressure setting to be corrected, and it is for a group of 60 exceeding the scope of the character elements distributed characters are not so significant that they significantly improve the print quality impaired.

However, it is obvious that such an inclination can be achieved by using cylindrical or conical type carriers, such as those shown in FIG. 4 and 5, or by Use of in FIG. 6 fix or reduce tape or chain-shaped type carriers shown leaves.

The correction system for the time of printing requires good repetition in the behavior of the DrurU'chlitiens at his Bewcauns.

As an example, it can be assumed in the first hypothesis that each step of the slide is carried out in a constant period of time T _n = K) ms, during which the slide for the first 5 ms is carried out with a constant acceleration a = 0.1 ms " ² is accelerated and braked for the remaining 5 ms with the help of an equal and opposite delay.
The values given as an example are actually applied or are very close to those found in many serial printers of the same type, both in achieving the movements with the help of stepping motors and motors with low inertia such as printed circuit motors .

With the specified values, the carriage performs a movement of 2.5 mm with each step, what with typewriters and with the high-speed printers used for data processing systems is the closest distance between adjacent print positions.

With this simple assumption it is possible to achieve the distance-time ratio for the slide, and it is thus very easy to find the integral theorem that contains the equation already given and its solution shows to calculate.

In the most general case, it is then always possible to determine at least experimentally which correction is to be made. 7 illustrates in the form of a diagram the progression of the acceleration (curves), the speed ν [curve ft)] and the distance τ [curve c)] as a function of time. The axis on the abscissa and the horizontal line e) show the distance between two successive printing positions on the axis of the ordinate.

Compared to the horizontal line c), curve d) represents the pressure correction to be made, expressed in terms of dimensions as a distance, that is to say the one already. n> it i _c ■ ν specified size.

The same figure gives a simple graphical construction which makes it possible to obtain curve d) from the curve profile of the distances and from the other associated parameters.

If <, is the general point in time at which the determining timing signal occurs for the character to be printed, then at this point in time the position assumed by the carriage on curve c) for the distances corresponds to point A.

If t _{m is} the action time of the print hammer ζ. Β. 1 ms, the position effectively taken at the time of printing corresponds to point B.

A vertical line is drawn for point B so that it meets the horizontal line e) in C and the axis of the abscissa in D.

Section DE is regarded as an example of the correction time necessary to carry out a correction equal to a whole printing step.
The intersection point F on the line connecting points C and E determines the section GF representing the correction time t _c necessary to make a correction equal to the interval CG , so that correct printing takes place exactly when the position of the carriage is represented by point / " and the correction to be made becomes the line point /, through the section /// cnv.iuHt, where H is the intersection of a horizontal line drawn through G and / o _C 1 with that from Z ₁

409 650/155

vertical line is. The correction curve d) can thus easily be built up from points such as the point //.

F i g. 8 is a diagram of the correction curve for the aforementioned Musteriall and shows how such a curve can consist of the detached line LMNOP , in which the slope of the line LM is the same as that of the line NO, if the approximation is excellent. The line OP , however, runs horizontally.

The detached line can in turn be represented by a stepped line with steps of of the same height and changeable width. That is, the correction is without substantial Errors can be made in a graduated manner. This leads to the option of being preferred As an alternative to analog circuits, digital technologies and circuits can be used.

This is apparently done for the sake of consistency with the others controlling the printer logic circuits.

F i g. 8 shows, for example, that the height of the individual steps forming the stepped line is the same Vs2 of the printing step is, which corresponds to about 0.08 mm, while the width of the steps themselves is about 210 ns in the section with greater steepness and 420 [is iii the sections with less steepness amounts to.

The maximum difference between the graduated correction step line and the exact curve does not exceed a tenth of a millimeter and is completely irrelevant to practical effects.

F i g. 9 shows, by means of a block diagram, the logic linkage that is used in order to use the preferred embodiment to make the necessary correction.

The incoming signals from the timing device assigned to the type carriers are A logic comparison circuit 52 is supplied via the input 50. Via the input 51 is to the In the same comparison rotation, a code corresponding to the characters to be printed is created.

If the code generated with the help of the signals arriving from the timing device corresponds to the Character code matches, the logic circuit 52 transmits a coincidence signal via the output 53, which is used to control the correction circuits and then the printing process.

The correction circuits schematically consist of an oscillator 54, a counter 55 and a decoding circuit 56, 57.

The oscillator 54 is designed so that it according to the decoding circuit 57 and the coincidence signal given conditions during its creation with different and suitable frequencies swings. The oscillator starts up with a start signal that is sent to input 58 at the same time. the start of the print carriage is applied, and generates a pulse train that causes the counter to turn off a fixed initial state, which according to the curve according to FIG. 8 for example the binary code corresponds to the number 2, except for one corresponding to the binary code of the number 5, for example State continues to count.

If the counter output shows a code that exceeds 5 according to the example chosen or equal to 5, the decoding circuit 57 applies to the oscillator a signal representing its oscillation frequency changes and it changes, for example, according to the curve shape according to FIG. 8 doubled.

As a result, the counter continues to count up to one at a certain doubled speed The status corresponds to the binary code of the number 26. The decoding circuit does not stop at this point more upright the frequency changing signal so that the oscillator reverts to its original state ίο Frequency goes down until the counter receives the binary code the level corresponding to item 32 or 00 is reached.

A stop signal is then applied to the oscillator via the decoding circuit 56, which stops it.
If the coincidence signal is applied to the oscillator after the counter has reached the level corresponding to the binary code of the number 32, this means that the printing device has reached or almost reached the pressure and no pressure correction is necessary.

The same coincidence signal arriving from the output 53 is therefore transmitted via the decoding circuit 57 to output 59 and causes the electromagnet to be excited.

a5 Conversely, when the coincidence signal is applied is, while the oscillator is in operation, its frequency is changed in a suitable manner and causes that the counter at a suitable speed up to the binary code corresponding to the number 32 Stand continues to count.

Only then does the decoding circuit supply a signal to energize the pressure electromagnet.

Nevertheless, the counter introduces a delay in the pressure signals

te -

32- N

where N is the counter reading at the time the coincidence was applied ^: gnals to the oscillator and / or the changed oscillation frequency.

For example, if the peripheral speed

of the step symbol element ν = 4 m / sec, the required counting frequency / must be such that it can be used with counting from 0 to 32 produces a correction of 2.5 mm, d. H.

ν 3 ^? 4-32

5ο ~ - = - --- = 51 200 pulses / sec.

2.5 · 10- ^:! 2.5 - 10 ^!

With these counting conditions, the pulse repetition period must therefore be equal to 19.5 µs, where it can be brought to 21 μβ at a peripheral speed ν = 3.80 m / sec,

d. H. to one tenth of the period with which the correction is brought to change.

This easily achievable speed compensation allows the use of a pulse generator with constant frequency, to the appropriate digital frequency divider, d. H. Counter, follow, and that too in the case where the peripheral speed of the type carrier must be higher, for example ν = 5 m / sec is sufficient for the generator period to be a number of periods contained several times without a remainder with which the correction is made changeable.

U 12

This solution is for example in the slide, the result of Schriflzeichenimpulsc is using program of FIG. Assumed 10, applied still the line 111 to the encoder counter 1Ϊ2, in composite manner jedocii with larger the by after a predetermined Gesetzren The error correction circuit further counts details at its outputs 113. 5 ..- correspond to the different characters-

Fig. 10 shows the whole with 10! denoted the binary death generated.

Printing device. In addition to this, the printing device is generated with the position detector 110

With the help of an electronic control unit 100 from he- a zero or Rückr.tcllsignal, which is used to the

known design, which consists of the central first character of the type carrier or its

to determine precisely defined position with an electronic data processing system,

or from a specific "control" unit for the This impulse is also transmitted via the line

Printing device can exist. 114 to be applied to the counter 112 and effected

The connection between the control unit and reset.

the printing device is carried out with the help of a group. Via the data channel 103 and the outputs 113 of lines for the exchange of signals, application of the missing fonts and information to be printed takes place, the binary codes corresponding to the characters in their entirety or the binary name » Interface «carries. The codes shown here of the division between the control unit and the peripheral switching characters appearing in front of the print hammer to the comparison circuit 115. The device serves only as an example, since the two codes shown here in front of each other are compared with one another, and the special electronic 20 shown in the direction provided they coincide with one another, switching techniques and elements can be built into the control pulse on line 116 of the comparison circuit unit. sent out at the beginning.

The interface between the control unit and Up to this point, the whole thing is conventional and

the printer circuit includes in the description and has therefore only been described very briefly,

play in detail a control line 102 on which "5 In the case of conventional printers such a line is used

Step pulse c, d. H. the movement of the pressure pulse for actuating the pressure circuit magnet

device along the print line causing Im- uses.

pulse, are transmitted, a group of lines or according to the invention, however, such a pulse is a data channel 103, via which the to be printed is delayed with the help of various circuit elements in pas characters in binary code and with continuous signals 30, and the progress is transmitted on. referring to Fig. 10 described.

A line 104 is assigned to the data channel 103. With the aid of the line 102 of the setting switch, in order to enable the recognition of the writing R to be printed by the motor M, the impulse for drawing in is possible. In other words, directing a step process is only considered via the lines of the character code through the printing device 35, 117 or 118, 119 to a logic element of a 101 if it is from bistable memory 120 and to one for counting from one to the Line 104 existing matching 1 to 32 designed pulse counter register 121 is accompanied by a signal. placed.

Two lines 105 and 107 complete the same pulse via the logical NOT interface. The line 105 is used to transmit 40 circuit 122 and blocks the input of a pulse from the printing device 101 of the AND circuit 123, so that to notify the output control unit when a printing process line 124 no signal of the logic level 1 pre-effective is performed. hand is. Line 124 is connected to the return

The same signal is from the printing device control inputs 125 and 126 of the bistable memory

101 is used to send the down 45 120 or the counter 121 verb ¹ ·: «en via the line 106.

pressure to direct and from the control unit au =, In this way the bistable memory 120,

to start subsequent operations. when the pulse signal initiates stepping.

The line 107 is used to transmit a pulse signal that notifies the control by the action of the unit 100 applied to the input 127 and, in the absence of the signal at the Rw *, when a stepping process has been completed. 50 input 125 is set to the “set” state, while such a signal is generated by a position detector of counter 121 through the action of the “preparation” input 128 of counter 121 assigned to motor group M at gate T which causes the actual printing impulse to be shifted and in the absence of the signal on device 108 . The start signal for a reset input 126 to a predetermined “pre-step process is set to 55 preparation” state with the aid of line 102,
The on-line shown schematically by the block R means that the opening circuit is applied on line 129. input from the bistable memory 120 a permanent

The circuit R causes the Mo signal of logic level 1 to be generated while

tors M and the setting of its mode of operation according to those represented by the output channel 130

a predetermined regularity, for example 60 counter outputs a form of continuous signals.

occurs at constant acceleration and deceleration, which a previously established and exemplary

via the power supply lines 109. On the binary code representing the decimal number 2

The print carriage corresponds to the one in constant motion.

holding type carrier assigned position detector The signal present on line 129 is

or "sampler" 110 is arranged, which for each as 65 to the control input of a pulse generator 131

occupies itself with the print hammer in agreement and causes it to start,

found characters are an Ircpuls. The pulses generated by the generator are

testifies. to the input of a frequency divider circuit

132, which divides the frequency of the generated pulses caused by ten, for example, and applied to the logical AND circuit 133.

The pulses coming from the frequency divider 132 are connected to the input of a further division by two further frequency divider 134 and applied to the logical AND circuit 135. Those coming from the frequency divider 134 Pulses are applied to logic AND gate 136,

The group of the logical AND circuit elements 133, 135, 136, the logical NOT circuit elements 137, 138 and the logical OR circuit element 139 forms a circuit, depending on the occurrence of certain states at the input 140 of the counter 121 a Pulse train with a frequency equal to the frequency of the generator 131 or divided by ten or even divided by twenty.

Such pulses cause the counter 121 to count at a variable speed. The those Counting speed changing conditions consist of two conditions with the aid of lines 141 and 142 applied signals.

If there is a coincidence between the code of the characters to be printed and that of the character that is actually in the printing position is only a signal of the logical Level 1 when the signal applied to the interface line 104 is present. When namely, these conditions are met, applies the output of the logical AND circuit 143 to the itself The bistable circuit 144 initially in the "reset" state applies a "set" pulse which is saved.

The output of the bistable circuit 144 applies a continuous level to the line 141, which is the AND circuit 133 opens, so that the full frequency of the generator 131 via the OR circuit 139 on the counter 121 is applied.

At the same time, the output signal reversed by NOT circuit 137 blocks the bistable output signal Circuit 144 the AND circuits 135 and 136.

The line 142 is only for certain output forms recognized by the decoding circuit 145 of the counter 121 a signal of the logical Level 1 available.

In the example given, these forms correspond to the decimal numbers 2, 3, 4.5 and 27, 28, 29, 30, 31.

When on line 142 in the signal of the logical Level I is present, the logical AND circuit 136 is opened, while the logical AND circuit 135 is blocked.

The reverse occurs for output forms of the counter corresponding to the numbers between (1 and 26).

If the shape of the Siüfiiilc coming from the counter 121 corresponds to 0.Ί, tier appears at the output Decoding circuit 146 a Sign ::!, Which via the Leitimpcn 149 and 15 ″ is applied to AND circuits 123 and 147.

If there is no stepping pulse on line 102! is available. If this signal is transmitted via the circuit 123, the counter 121 is blocked, ^r > 5 in that this signal acts on its "return .-! Z" .- Eini ', ang 126.

In addition, the pulse generator 131 is blocked.

since this signal resets the bistable memory 120 to its "reset" state.

The same signal applied to the AND circuit 147 enables the bistable to be present in the presence of the Circuit 144 receives the transmission of a command signal of the pressure solenoid via line 106 and pressing "in execution phase" into the control unit via the interface line 105.

The signal at the output of the AND circuit 147 is a pulse signal which is sent via the line 151 to the Delay circuit 148 is applied, which may consist of a monostable circuit whose The output resets the bistable circuit 144.

The operation of the logic circuit described above is briefly as follows:

Case A:

Printing with the step operation completed. In this case it will start a step process is controlled via line 102.

At the same time the unstable memory 120 is set, the counter 121 is prepared and the pulse generator 131 starts up.

The counter / "121 therefore counts at the minimum speed from the state representing the number 2 to the state representing the number 5.

At this point, the AND circuit 136 is blocked and the AND circuit 135 is opened, with the counter continues to count at double speed until the level representing the number reaches 26 is.

At this point the AND circuit 135 is blocked and the AND circuit 136 is opened again, the counter continuing to count at the minimum speed and stops at the idle configuration 00.

On the line 149 indicates a continuous signal at the same time. that the stepping operation is carried out under the control of the setting circuit R and that the printing device stops in the position in which the printing of a character is to be carried out.

When the desired character is in print position as a result of the movement of the type carrier is located, the comparison circuit 115 sends out a signal which is transmitted via the circuit 147 with the command to print on line 106 being issued with essentially no delay.

Case B:

Printing while the step operation is in progress. In this case the comparison circuit sends 115 outputs a positive signal while the counter 121 is still counting.

This. ¹ ), the signal is stored in the bistable circuit 144, the output of which changes the counting speed of the counter 121 and has the effect that it continues to count up to the idle configuration 00 when the pulse generator 131 is directly imposed by the pulse generator 131.

l '^; Such a configuration can be achieved with a delay which obviously depends on the current configuration from which a quick counting begins.

Only when configuration 00 is reached, the printing of the character is ordered.

In the preceding description, the possible use was made on the basis of the diagram according to FIG the execution time of a step to make the correct character imprint demonstrated.

It should be noted, however, that the operation of the device can be improved by a few simple improvements can improve. m

For it is evident that insofar as the printing of a character is in a predetermined one Printing takes place before the printing device reached this position and it is still in the acceleration phase is completely useless To brake the device and to stop it in the printing position and then to start again immediately leave if a new print is to be made.

On the other hand, it is advantageous to use the printing device continue to run at constant speed to las ao sen until the position in which the printing has taken place is exceeded and the new imprint in the Immediately undertake subsequent printing position in order to stop the printing device in it or at constant speed in accordance with the time at which a reprint was made can be kept running. Under these circumstances, the at the time of printing Correction to be made with the aid of a circuit corresponding to the circuit described achieve.

After preparing the correction diagram, this can be done with the same diagram already described Achieve switching provided that at the beginning of the following step the payer 121 starts up from another preset configuration that represents the decimal number 0, for example.

The printing device designed for this operating mode is in Fig. 11 shown.

It should be noted that all of the logic circuits and Items are present adding the following:

Interface: It has an additional interface running from the control unit to the printing device Line 200 for controlling the constant movement of the printing device and two lines 201, 202 for the signal from the device to the control unit. The line 201 is used for feeding a pulse signal which is sent to the control unit, that the character is printed in the course of the acceleration phase and that therefore braking of the printing device is not necessary.

Line 202 is used to supply a signal which at the same time determines the point in time which the control unit decides whether the printing device is moving at constant speed or must continue under braking, thus causing maintenance or elimination of the signal present on line 200.

Correction circuit: It has an additional decoder circuit 203 for identifying the number 22 and an additional AND circuit 204.

The counter 121 has been modified, although not explained in more detail, so that it can be output via the input 205 picks up an additional signal which it, together with the preparation signal applied to input 128 relies on an output configuration representing the number 10.

The line 200 applies a signal to the setting circuit R for the speed of the motor M , which enables the printing device to be displaced at constant speed over the entire space between the central axes of two successive printing positions and, up to the limit if the signal is continuously present, further displacement at constant speed Speed causes.

The same signal is applied to input 205 of counter 121. The decoding circuit 203 provides on the line 206 each time a pulse when the counter 121 has, for example, the decimal number 22 assumes a corresponding, previously established output configuration.

This pulse is applied to one input of AND circuit 204 and on line 201 only then transmitted to the output when the second input of the circuit 204 is one of the bistable Circuit 144 incoming signal is applied. That is, only then via line 201 Pulse is transmitted when a printing process is carried out during the acceleration phase of the printing device is set.

Until the output signal of the flip-flop 144 acts to change the counting speed of the counter, namely, there is an exact match between the counter output configuration and the position currently occupied by the printing device.

If the initial configuration of the counter is the decimal number 22, the timing is very close to which normally the braking phase of the device begins. When the output signal is off of the bistable circuit 144 occurs on line 141 before the counter reaches this configuration and the braking phase has not yet been reached, it is therefore possible to quickly up to the counter to allow configuration 22 to continue, whereupon a pulse is supplied on line 201.

If, on the other hand, the output signal from the bistable circuit 144 appears on the line 141, after the counter has reached configuration 22, there is of course no on line 201 Transmit impulse.

The method of operation of the device is as follows: The control unit leads a line 102 via a Step command to. The printing device is moved and the counter 121 is prepared (output code equal to 2).

The! Pulse generator 131 starts up and the control unit runs on the Kana! 103 the code of the to be printed.

If between the characters on the type carrier and the characters to be printed Coincidence occurs before the counter has continued to pay up to the configuration of Code 22 a signal is supplied to the line 201 and the printing is effected with the appropriate delay.

The control unit picks up the signal on line 201 and decides to carry out the following operations.

If no further characters are to be printed, no further signal is sent to the device

is supplied, and the single-series circuit R of the motor M causes the motor itself and the printing device to stop.

If, on the other hand, another character is to be printed, the control unit 100 executes as soon as possible, but at least not after receiving a braking start signal via line 202, a Command for constant movement via line 200.

In this way the printing device moves forward at a constant speed. When the printing position (in which the print has already been made) is crossed, the printing device and more precisely the position detector T supplies a signal on the line 107, upon which the control unit 100 supplies a new step command on the line 102, the counter 121 prepared with a preset configuration corresponding to code 10 and supplies another character code on channel 103. ao

Insofar as noc: coincidence between the script to be printed and the one that occurred in the course of the there is a steady phase of movement of the printing device in the printing position, the printing device advances at a constant speed.

If this occurs with a delay, ie after the position detector T has supplied a signal on the line 107 which indicates a half step, or if no further characters are to be printed, the signal for the constant movement on the line 200 is removed and the Printing device braked.

This way it becomes twofold. Advantage of a further increase in the cutting speed of the dura of pressing and a movement achieved that only a small number of acceleration and Slowdown is subject to stresses.

According to the preferred embodiment described above, one is exclusively on one Mention time measurement based correction.

However, it is clear that the correction, as already mentioned, also applies to others, possibly with one another based in the same way combined parameters and also a different Schalturcgsausführung can be used.

In particular, it is clear that the position detector T, in addition to the pulses determining the position of the printing device after each step is complete, can also supply pulses which determine a suitable number of intermediate positions, each of which corresponds to a specific correction of the printing time.

For example, by the position detector Γ generated pulses a counter circuit, such as the counter circuit 121, after a suitable Let regularity count, leaving the pulse generator 131 to do the job To let the counter continue counting quickly to the following state and thus a changeable one To produce delay.

In solutions that lie between the last proposed solution and the solution previously described, intermediate pulses from the position detector T can be used to impose predetermined states on the counter, which is caused by the pulse generator 131 to continue counting at a variable speed.

In this way, possible errors as a result of changes in the speed acceleration and correct in step with respect to the values for those with the counter configurations Agreement is established.

In the same way, changes in the operating frequency of the pulse generator 131 correct any possible displacements caused.

This correction system is shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 is described schematically.

Fig. 12 shows in a diagram the course of the Steps as a function of time and the corresponding corrections to be made at the time of the return, the already in F i g. 7 and 8 are expressed in step names.

Curve c) shows the step-time ratio under "normal" conditions, ie a pre-planned average behavior of the print carriage.

The time required to execute a step is, for example, 10 ms.

The curve d) represents the corresponding approximate curve of the corrections to be made.

Now assume that for some reason (excessive acceleration or deceleration force, Decrease in transition resistance) the movement of the printing carriage is carried out faster and, for example, in 9 ms.

In this respect, the step-time diagram representing the slide movement is given by curve c) .

The corresponding curve of the corrections to be made is indicated by the diagram d ′) , where - as illustrated here - there are considerable shifts compared to the correction curve d) based exclusively on time measurements.

The change of the correction curve d) to its best possible approximation to the correct curve d ') is achieved by an immediate review of the steps performed by the carriage. 12 shows that in normal or average operation (execution time for a step of 10 ms) for a step fraction of 7.5%, the configuration adopted by the counter used for the correction corresponds to the decimal digit 6.

In the same way, the executed step fractions of 30, 50 and 70% correspond to those the counter configurations representing the decimal numbers 16, 20 and 25.

If the carriage moves in a time below the average time, corresponds to a counter configuration of 5 instead of 6 results in a fraction of time of 7.5%.

However, it is possible from the in FIG. 10 and 11 , the position detector, already designated by T , for such a step fraction that has been carried out, is fed a signal to the counter 121, which sets it to the level representing the number 6.

In a corresponding manner, for the executed step fraction of 30, 50 or 70% other signals arriving from the position detector T , the counter can be set to the numbers 16, 20 or 25 corresponding configurations, regardless of the configuration indicated by the counter given actual configuration, which can be larger or smaller.

Therefore curve d) is changed to curve d ") ab, which is correct for the sample case of the correct cor

correction curve </ ') is much better approximated. It glows one, it is possible with the help of such a procedure is opposed to both the excessive displacements and the erroneous displacements a planned average behavior and also possible frequency errors of the pulse generator to correct.

13 shows schematically one with inputs for the counter circuit provided with the mentioned entry signals and more in detail that in Fig. 10 and! 1 counter block already labeled 121.

The counter block 121 consists of six bistable circuits which are cascaded in the usual manner 304, 305, 306, 307, 308 and 309.

The pulses that activate the counter are sent to the time control input or "clock input" of the first bistable circuit 304 is applied on line 140, assuming that before the line 140 the logic circuit already described is present.

The counter block is provided with a certain number of with the reference numerals 310 to 319 OR circuits added to allow the various "SET" and "RESET" inputs of the flip-flops to apply the incoming signals via inputs 128, 126, 205, 300, 301, 302, 303.

The outputs of the various bistable circuits form a group of six in FIG.! 0 and 11 lines already designated 130.

Input 126 is used to reset the counter: The one available at this input The signal is namely via the OR circuits 310 to 315 to the reset inputs of all the Counter forming bistable circuits applied.

The input! 128 is used to set the counter to a configuration representing the decimal code 2 set: The signal applied to input 128 (after a reset signal) is set via the OR circuit 316 sets the bistable circuit 305 to the SET state.

The electronic signals present at output 130 thus represent the binary code 0000! 0 corresponding to the decimal number2 represent.

Correspondingly, a signal applied to the input 205 sets the unstable circuit 305 via the OR circuit 316 and bistable circuit 307 via OR circuit 319 to the SEITZ state.

The.} M output 130 electronic Under this condition, signals represent the binary code corresponding to the decimal number 10 001010.

The task of these three inputs has already been described in detail with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11 been.

In addition to these inputs and for the purpose of changing the meter country for correction possible shifts in the behavior of the print carriage compared to the previously determined behavior there are inputs 300, 301, 302 and 3Ö3.

A pulse applied to the input 300 sets the unstable circuit 305 via the OR circuit 316 and the bistable circuit 306 via the OR circuit 317 while he is the bistable

Circuits 304, 307, 308, 309 via the OR circuits 310, 313, 314 or 315 resets.

Under these conditions, the counter assumes an electrical state, which is shown at output 130 a group of those corresponding to the decimal number 6

signals representing binary code 000110.

It should be noted that impose to the inputs 301, 302 _r 303 pulses applied to the counter in a corresponding manner, pre-established states,

so that the output signals represent the decimal numbers 16, 20, 25.

As is known, the pulses applied to inputs 300 to 303 come from the position detector T, which directs the print carriage movement.

2j is assigned to the motor M.

It goes without saying that the number of inputs used and the electrical status of the Counter is imposed on this input, η existing pulses, according to special emergency

can be sities or modified to achieve better accuracy and increased and daii it as a limiting case, as already mentioned, is possible to further include the counter by the action of the incoming pulses from the position detector T

when the resolution of the detector is sufficiently high for the setting accuracy to be achieved. Obviously, the counter will always be such that it is under the control of an independent Oscillator during the correction phase of the

Druckzeitpunktcs counts at high speed, during this phase it must be ensured that a possible supply of incoming pulses from the position detector T to the counter is prevented.

In the solution described above, therefore, a correction is made based on the actual amount of print carriage displacement.
After all, it is with the help of more

+5 refined solutions possible, measurements of the executed Steps, the speed and the accelerations to take and corrective actions based on such measurements without thereby departing from the scope of the invention to leave and deviate from their task.

It should also be noted that in the example described, the direction of the writing is shifted on the type carrier and in accordance with the print positions hypothetically as

progressive, d. H. in printing sequence from one printing position for the next pressure release, has been accepted.

Ji-iioch k; nn the character movement also as Insurance companies can be chosen without the foregoing Considerations lose their validity. In this case, too, the offset correction can be carried out Bringing about suitable delays in the printing time.

For this purpose 3 sheets of drawings

Claims (2)

Code of a character to be printed. Claims: are seen. For (horizontal mail merge printers, the 1. Asynchronous serial printer, especially characters to be printed in flow on the outer surface Slowly working printer with a wheel in constant motion tied type carrier, in which the vcr or a drum distributed, whereby the printing different characters during a movement then takes place when the font to be printed is the Characters in accordance with the characters with the predetermined printing position in Print line is essentially parallel to the print match. Printer with between line one after the other brought into print position io the character element or type carrier and are, the type carrier on a print a print hammer arranged ink medium carriage is arranged by one of the and pressure medium are known to be the reverse Drive of the type carrier independent drive hitting printer. moved to successive print positions Alternatively, there are those that will strike forward and wherein the type carrier with a dend or roller printer, in which the pressure detector device for the purpose of determining the position hammer and the type carrier against the Druckdes Type carrier act against the detector device medium from the same side and processing is connected, and in the processing so the type carrier against an inclined plane facilities for the processing of the presses. Delector device supplied information 20 In the second case, the type carrier has the shape and for the purpose of • / equalization of the processed information of a flexible tape or a shell or a formation with the code of a disc to be printed with cantilevered protruding fingers, characters are provided which the characters are arranged
characterized by variable time control devices lines (54 to 57; 118 to 151) for the purpose of Aus 25 and the print hammer, which are designed as a print carriage or release the printout processes independently of the print carriage, generally with the instantaneous position of the pressure carriage (5) to move smoothly or in steps Points in time at which the printing of the entire print line is moved in such a way that it assumes the row type carrier (3) at suitable print positions for all print positions,
enable. 30 is seen from the operational point of view 2. Asynchi.-n serial printer according to claim I, the distinction between such printers in synchronous, characterized in that the variable time and asynchronous printer is very important.
Control devices (5 * to J7: 118 to 151) The synchronous scribing printers are characterized by a clock pulse generalor (13 * ·) and an im- that the type carrier and the pulse counter (121), which at the beginning of each movement ₃₅ print hammer in Correspondence with the predetermined process of the printing carriage (5) from a th synchronization conditions when rotating the printing position start up in the next following, move character elements,
and circuit devices for the purpose of synchronism is achieved by various movements Change of the counting frequency of the counter according to unifying positive mechanical superimpositions predetermined regularity and a! s 40 wearings causes so that the movement of the types function by dip processing equipment on the movement of the print carriage in a device (52; 112, 115) generated signals is related in a unique way. So is according to one in accordance with the earlier proposal provided by the detector device that the pressure element device (15, 16; 110) of the type carrier (3) on the rotational and transport movement over from information taken. 45 motor-fed drive means is conveyed, wherein the transport movement should also be adjustable in stages and via a synchronous with the transport movement adjusted device the respective position of the printing member is displayed in coded form 50 (German Offenlegungsschrift 1 920 824). The present invention relates to an asyn- Such printers are particularly suitable for the Chron serial printer, in particular a printing printer on the fly at constant speed, but with a printer that works in constant motion, less for printing in the manner of the machine-held type carrier, in which the various letters, the other way round the possibility of required characters when the characters move 55 makes it possible to stop the printing carriage after printing in accordance with the print line of essentially every character.
In contrast, the on-the-fly asynchronous Are brought to the printing position, the type serial printer being characterized by a step-by-step carrier arranged on a printing carriage, the movement of the printing carriage from one print by one of the drive of the type carrier to the next, and by the fact that a tilting drive in successive printing is moved between the movement of the printing carriage and the positions, and wherein the type carrier type carrier is not interrelated. They ■ lit a detector device for the purpose of determining the are particularly suitable for printing in the manner of the position of the type carrier relative to the detector of the typewriter, ie when a keypad device is connected, and when processing print commands. They are, however, sufficient devices for the purpose of processing the information provided by the samer, since during the time used to move the carriage detector device it is not possible to carry out any pressure comparison of the processed information with the process, which is why they are used for one