DE2105864B2 - Asynchronous serial printer - Google Patents

Description

3 4

electronic computer controlled printing device with two separate, according to Beweniger are suitable. allowed to operate hammers in a printer

Apart from that, they are generally granular to use in the invention,
more complicated and expensive than the synchronous printer. F i g. 4, 5 and 6 other preferred embodiments

One approach to avoiding the aforementioned 5 forms of disadvantages in the printer according to the invention consists in converting an asynchronous printer to reversible type carriers,

to make a synchronous printer by showing it to F i g. 7 a diagram with curves of the acceleration

with a suitable mechanical carriage release, the speed and displacement of the

provides printing carriage for a printer according to Fig. 1 under

For this purpose, the German interpretation document io illustrates the information to be provided at the time of printing.

1 282 658 known that the stepping device taking correction according to the invention,
or a control circuit assigned to it with FIG. 8 some approximate correction curves which

Output of an electronic character comparator can be used to make the correction to the

via a time delay circuit and the printing time according to the invention in discontinuous

stronger for the print hammer with another 15 way to apply,

Time delay circuit is connected to its- F i g. 9 in schematic block form a preferred

hand is connected to the comparator, so that tes embodiment for the implementation of some

the stepping movement discontinuously with overlay pressure correction devices according to the invention,
The selection and setting of the circulating types FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a preferred one

depending on the respective position of the 20 embodiment for realizing the pressure correction

The pressure element and the rotational speed of the door devices,
of the type carrier should take place. 11 shows a variant of the system according to FIG. 10,

Such an approach brings serious problems.

bleme mechanical nature with it, especially as far as ickturkurve, which the shifts in behavior

it should take into account the service life and wear resistance of the print carriage, and
rather relates to devices, and considerably diminishes- Fig. 13 the details of one in a preferred

Lich their reliability. use th embodiment according to the invention

The object of the present invention is the counter circuit in schematic block form, in providing a printer which can be used. It is appropriate to generalize the invention

Principle works that should be viewed as the synchronization of a 30 way before the detailed one

Asynchronous printer can be referred to, with investigation of the proposed solutions too

the synchronization with the help of electronic switch- their realization.

is effected, so that the reliability of the F i g. 1 shows schematically the mechanical imprinter is not endangered. construction of an according to the invention driven and elec-

The object is achieved according to the invention by means of 35 electronically synchronized printers,
variable timing devices for resolution. The printer has a frame 1 in which the

the printouts are arranged independently of the mo- different parts that are on the

Adjustment of the printing carriage to match the pressure-absorbing medium, the ink ribbon

Points in time at which the printing of the type carrier and the printing device take effect,
to enable suitable print positions. 40 For simplicity and clarity, are

The advantages achieved with the invention are shown only the essential parts,
to see that through the synchronization the various printing devices

is possible, the characters for moving the print carriage are each individually at the end

required time also for the printing operations of a flexible strip 2 is raised. the

even use it and thus the working speed. 45 Strips or tongues are radially distributed around a

to increase the ability of the device considerably. Since star-shaped or marguerite-shaped support element 3 to

the systematic stopping of the printing carriage in, which is carried out with the help of suitable drive

the different print positions for printing gen 4 with constant speed in rotary

of the corresponding type is not necessary, movement can be maintained.

furthermore in many cases during the pressing of the 50 The type carrier and the drive devices Character string the slide movement so steered are summarized on a slide 5, which is on be that the carriage slides with constant guides and positive trans-speed moves with a clear reduction missionen 6 from a drive device 7 so other mechanical stresses and is consequently driven with that it is increased along the guides 14 Reliability. Occupies 55 different successive divisions,

The invention wi ^r d below with reference to the respectively corresponding to a print position. The arrival

Drawings and the illustrated embodiment drive device 7 can consist of a motor with

examples explained in more detail. It shows little inertia, such as with a motor

F i g. 1 consist of a conventional on-the-fly printed circuit, which is

Asynchronous serial printer to which the correction jo treatment detector 8 is coupled to the various

or electronic synchronization fiction pressure positions determined, or from one

is applied according to step-by-step motor, whose rotor is accurate

F i g. 2 is a partial view of the type carrier for which it assumes certain angular positions, of which

Printer according to FIG. 1, which precisely determine the movement of the font - each one or more of a

due to the overlap of the two printing positions.

movements of the inclination of the character element On the carriage S is a suitable location

or the printing device illustrated, by an electromagnet 10 actuated pressure

Fig. 3 shows a type carrier, which is arranged in a hammer9. The head of the print hammer

is very close to the outer perimeter of the character element arranged in an area in which the direction of movement of the characters is based on the rotation of the type carrier runs essentially parallel to the print line.

When the electromagnet is energized at any given moment and for a very short period of time, becomes the point in correspondence with the print hammer head at this point of the flexible strip against the ribbon 11, the print substrate 12 and the backward inclined Level 13 pressed so that the <* of the flexible strip is printed on-the-fly.

The detection of the exact point in time at which the electromagnet is to be excited takes place with the help of a position detector 15.16, which for example consists of a firmly connected to the type carrier Code or time control disk 15 and a sensor 16 of magnetic or optical or the like Type, which is rigidly attached to the carriage 5.

The operation of a printer of this type is common two separate and non-overlapping phases, the first of which is for moving the print carriage 5 from one printing position to the next and the second is used to wait until the character strip with the character to be printed is determined by the detector 15, 16 and is still is in the correct pressure position for this purpose.

Since there is no correlation between the slide movement and the movement of the type carrier 2, exists, this waiting or reading time is between a practically zero mintiest value and a Maximum value changeable, which is equal to the character repetition period, d. H. is equal to the time span between two consecutive Passes of the same character at the printing point elapsed. So far it was not possible to make the two phases overlap, d. H. printing even while the carriage is moving to make, if in the course of this movement the character strip with the to be printed Character is detected by the detector 15, 16, because this is an opposite of the correct Print position moved laterally, d. H. would lead to an "offset" printing.

This deficiency has been corrected and the overlapping of the two phases has been corrected of the time of excitation of the electromagnet 10 made so possible that the combined effect such a correction and the peripheral speed of the type carrier 2 a lateral shift brings about that of the carriage with respect to the correct pressure position essentially the same and opposite is.

F i g. 2 explains in detail the criterion used.

In Fig. 2, lines 20 and 21 represent the vertical ones Central axes of two successive ones indicated by rectangles 22 and 23, respectively Print positions.

The points 24 and 25 represent the centers of rotation of the type carrier when the printing carriage to Execution of the impression at points 22 and 23 is correctly positioned.

It is assumed that the letter A attached to the strip 26 at the printing point 22 dex is printed and that the printing carriage is correctly positioned at point 24 and here is stopped. In this case, when the strip 26, i. H. at one by the lead angle α matching lead shown, located in the given position, energizes the pressure solenoid, so that the actual printing takes place directly at the printing point 22.

The advance is necessary because of the fact

ίο that the printing takes place while flying, ie with a character, at the peripheral speed ν and that the printing hammer needs a certain period of time of about one millisecond to carry out the pressing. The correct point in time at which the electromagnet is to be excited is determined by a position detector, which is represented by point 27 to simplify the diagram.
When the axis of the strip 26 in its rotational

As movement around point 24 passes point 27, it will energize the electromagnet causes. The position detector is rigidly attached to the print carriage so that its position opposite the center of rotation of the type carrier is unchangeable.

It is therefore assumed that the letter A is to be printed at the printing position 23 and that, while the printing carriage is moving in the direction of the printing position and it is at the position indicated by 28, coinciding with the center of rotation of the type carrier, between the axis of the strip with the letter A and the xo of the point in time, the position detector representing point 27 coincidence.

In the absence of any correction, printing will not take place when executed under these circumstances in the correct place 23, but at a place whose center is indicated by the point 29. Such a point is not exactly on that of point 28. d. H. from the current center of rotation from perpendiculars drawn at the time in question, but shifted slightly to the right, since the slide moves at a speed v i during the hammer action time, this However, the speed is generally insufficient to compensate for the lateral misalignment.

If, on the other hand, the time of excitation is appropriately delayed by a correction time t _c , it is possible to get the impression at the correct location 23, albeit with a very slight inclination.

The correction time to be made is determined with the help of a mathematically precise formula the equation

t _e ■ ν = ^ ₁ - j V ₁ dt
t

where t _{c is} the correction time, ν the circumferential speed of the character element, d _x the shift in advance of the center of rotation of the type carrier compared to the correct printing position, t the point in time at which there is coincidence between the character to be printed and the position detector, and t _m means the action time of the electromagnet.

There are several ways to proceed in order to achieve the necessary

to bring about a thorough correction. For example, as an example, the first hypothesis can be

J ₁ and V ₁ can be expressed as a function of time, so that each step of the slide, starting from the point in time, is guided in a constant period of time T ₁ , -10 ms from which the chutes move from one to the other in the course of which the pressure position, which is correct for the first 5 ms, begins. That means as much as, 5 the slide with a constant acceleration that the law of slide movement is a = 0.1 ms ~ ² accelerated and is known for the remaining 5 ms, and assuming a good repetition with the help of an equal and opposite one Wrong behavior of the print carriage, how it is slowed down.

by suitable selection of the drive devices and The values given as an example are actually

of the control circuits is possible, the cor- io can be applied neutrally or are very close to those which correction as a function that has occurred in many serial printers of the same type since the start-up, from the immediately preceding pressure position, namely when achieving the movements with both the elapsed time. Hats of gradual engines as well

That is, in this case a setting of motors with low inertia, such as example, is provided, the one exclusively on the 15-wise printed circuit motors.
Time measurement based correction t _c brings about. The slide guides with the specified values

If the repetitions of the behavior of the printing carriage with a movement of 2.5 mm at every step are not sufficient for typewriters and for data measurement, then a high-speed printer used on the actual processing systems can be borrowed from the Gaps or an actual amount of displacement (I ₁ and the Ge adjacent printing positions) is the most common distance between each other.
sdnvindigkeit V ₁ , possibly combined with a With this simple requirement it is possible to

Time measurement, make based compensation. to determine the distance-time ratio for the slide

The preferred solutions for its realization, and <-s is thus very easy to find the integral theorem, The details of the equation and its deletions are given below, sung shows to calculate.

It is appropriate to conclude here that in the most general case it is always possible

given general information to determine for a few seconds at least experimentally which cordary side effects of the proposed rectification is to be undertaken. Fig. 7 illustrates in print control method to remember. Above all, in the form of a diagram, the course of the accelerator print hammer must have such transverse dimensions as α [curve a)], the speed ν [curve b)] , the printing of a character and the distance s [curve c)] as Allow the two adjacent positions to function. About time. The axis of the abscissa and the horizontal line e) indicate the simultaneous printing of two adjacent characters on the axis of the ordinate.
to be attached with sufficient spacing between them. The curve d) represents opposite the horizontal

Alternatively, with front printing, it is possible to display two lines e) the pre-hammers, expressed in terms of dimensions as a distance, of the appropriate width and overlapping printing correction, ie the one already with a type carrier of the type shown in FIG. 3 shown 40 t _c ■ ν specified size.

To use type of construction, d. H. with a character- The same figure gives a simple graphic

element, in which each strip of the writing construction, which makes it possible to obtain the corresponding parameters curve d) from the curve drawing element at the end and alternately on two course of the distances and from the other rows that differ from them,
each time exclusively with one of the two hammers 45 If Z _{1 is} the general point in time at which this works together. determining timing signal for the

In addition, when printing the writing, characters appear, so at this character, during the movement of the printing carriage, the position occupied by the carriage corresponds to the introduction of the printing time correction, a slight variation on curve c) for the distances from point A. oblique character imprint. 5 ° If t _{m is} the exposure time of the print hammer z. B.

Such an inclined position depends on the angle of rotation is 1 ms, so that depends on the type carrier effective at the time of printing, which is necessary to move the position to point B.
the error of the strip shift from the print- For point B a vertical line is drawn so that

To correct posture, and it is for a group that in C it meets the horizontal line e) and in D on exceeding 60, on the circumference of the font 55 the axis of the abscissa.

Character elements distributed characters The section DE is used as an example for the

not so significant as to make a correction equal to a whole impaired. Necessary correction time.

It is obvious, however, that such a point of intersection F on which the points C and E

The inclination through the use of cylindrical 60 connecting lines determines the type carriers that are to the pre- or conical type carriers, as they take for example a correction equal to the interval CG from FIG. 4 and 5, or by using the section showing necessary correction time t _{c using in FIG.} 6 shown band or GF, so that the correct printing takes place exactly then, correct or reduce chain-shaped type carriers when the position of the carriage can be dardern through point F. ⁶ 5 is set and the correction to be made to

The correction system for the time of printing, when time I _{1 is} determined by section IH , requires a good repetition in the behavior of where H is the intersection of a printing carriage ge by G and F during its movement. drawn horizontal line with that drawn from I ₁

409517/245

9 10

vertical line is. The correction curve d) can be 57 applied to the oscillator with a signal that

thus easily changes from points, such as the point //, the frequency of occurrence and, for example, according to

build. the curve according to FIG. 8 doubled.

F i g. 8 is a diagram showing the correction curve for. This means that the counter counts at a certain point

represents the model case already mentioned and shows how to further double the speed up to a 5

such a curve, with an excellent approximation, corresponds to the binary code of the number 26,

can consist of the detached line LMNOP . The decoding circuit does not stop at this point

at which the slope of the line LM equals the more upright the frequency changing signal, so

the line is NE . The line OP runs on the other hand, that the oscillator is back to its original

horizontal. io frequency decreases until the counter corresponds to the binary

If the approximation is good, the detached line can code the number 32 or 00 accordingly

in turn achieved by a stepped line with steps of.

of the same height and variable width are then replaced via the decoding circuit 56 to the

the. This means that the correction applied a stop signal without a substantial oscillator, which stops it.

Errors can be made in a graduated manner 15 If sent to the oscillator after the counter has the

can. This leads to the option of using the binary code of the digit 32 as the preferred status

Alternative to the analog circuits Dig - has reached, the coincidence signal is applied, loading

use valley techniques and circuits. this indicates that the print carriage has reached the print position

This is evidently done for reasons of having reached or almost reached and no printing match with the other ao correction controlling the printer is necessary.
logic circuits. The same coin arriving from exit 53

F i g. 8 shows, for example, that the level of the individual signal is therefore passed through the decoding circuit

individual stages forming the stepped line are transmitted to output 59 and causes the

Vm of the pressure step is what is about 0.08 mm away from the electromagnet.

speaks while the width of the steps themselves is about 35 when reversed the coincidence signal is applied

210 \ is in the section with greater steepness and will, while the oscillator is operating, will be its

420 (is changed in a suitable manner in the sections with a lower slope frequency and has the effect of

amounts to. that the counter at a suitable speed up to

The maximum difference between the number corresponding to the number 32 and the number corresponding to the binary code

stepped correction step line and the exact curve 30 stand counts on.

does not exceed a tenth of a millimeter and only then does the decoding circuit carry a signal

is completely irrelevant for practical effects. to excite the pressure electromagnet.

F i g. 9 shows, by means of a block diagram, that the counter still leads in the pressure signals

Logical link that is used to help using a delay equal

Over the preferred embodiment, the necessary 35

Correction to make. ₍ 32 - N.

The time ^c f
incoming signals to the control device

via input 50 a logical comparison circuit, in which N is the status of the counter at the time

52 supplied. Via input 51, at the point of application of the coincidence signal to the

same comparison circle as the oscillator to be printed and / the changed oscillation frequency

Character code created. means.

If the with the help of the timing device If, for example, the peripheral speed

incoming signals generated code with that of the step symbol element ν = 4 m / sec, so the

Character code matches, transmits the +5 required counting frequency / so that it is at

logic circuit 52 via output 53 a coincidence counting from 0 to 32 a correction of

denzsignal that is used to bring about the correction 2.5 mm, ie
circle and then close the printing process

steer. _v . _{32 4} . ₃₂

The correction circles consist of 50 = = 51 200 pulses / sec.

an oscillator 54, a counter 55 and a De- ² > ⁵ · ¹⁰ " ^{s 2} 4 · 10" ³
coding circuit 56,57.

The oscillator 54 is designed in such a way that it

that by the decoding circuit 57 and the Koinzi repetition period should therefore be equal to 19.5 \ 1%

denzsignal given conditions at its arrival 55 with them at a peripheral speed

set with different and suitable frequencies ν = 3.30 m / sec can be brought to 21 | xs

zen swings. The oscillator starts up with a start d. H. to a tenth of the period with which the

signal which is brought to change at input 58 at the same time as the correction correction,

running of the printing carriage is applied, and this easily achievable speed compensation?

a pulse train which causes the counter of 60 to permit the use of a pulse generator mi

a fixed initial state, according to the constant frequency, to the appropriate digital

Curve progression according to FIG. 8 for example the bi-frequency divider, d. H. Counter, follow, and also

närcode corresponds to the number 2, with the exception of one of the two cases, since the peripheral speed de!

For example, the binary code of the number 5 must correspond to the type carrier must be higher, with for example

the state continues counting 65 ν = 5 m / sec is sufficient for the generator period <

If the counter output corresponds to a number of Pe

The selected example represents a code that is 5 over-node, with which the correction can be changed

rises or equals 5, the decoding circuit sets power.

irr, +

This solution is assumed, for example, in the diagram of FIG. 10, which is still shows in a composite but more detailed manner the error correction circuit.

F i g. 10 shows the entire printing device designated 101. The printing device comes with With the aid of an electronic control unit 100 of known type, which is operated from the central unit an electronic data processing system or from a specific "control" unit for the Printing device can exist.

The connection between the control unit and the printing device is made with the help of a group of lines for the exchange of signals, commands and information in their entirety is called "Interface". The division between control unit and peripheral circuit shown here serves only as an example, since the special electronic shown here in the device Circuit techniques and elements can be built into the control unit.

The interface between the control unit and the printer circuit comprises in the example described in detail a control line 102 on which step pulses, i. H. the movement of the printing device impulses causing impulses to be transmitted along the print line, a group of lines or a data channel 103, via which the characters to be printed in binary code and with continuous signals is transmitted.

A line 104 is assigned to the data channel 103 in order to recognize the character to be printed to enable. In other words, the character code is made by the printing device 101 is only considered if it is matched by an existing one on line 104 Signal is accompanied.

Two lines 105 and 107 complete the interface. The line 105 is used to with a pulse from the printing device 101 to notify the control unit when a printing process is carried out effectively.

The same signal is used by the printing device 101 to over the line 106 the print to steer and to start the following operations from the control unit.

Line 107 is used to transmit a pulse signal notifying control unit 100 when a step has been completed. Such a signal is generated by a position detector T , which is assigned to the motor group M , which causes the actual printing device 1OS to be shifted. The start signal for a step process is applied with the aid of the line 102 to the setting circuit shown schematically by the block R.

The circuit R causes the motor M to start and its mode of operation to be set according to a predetermined principle, for example with constant acceleration and deceleration via the power supply lines 109. The position detector or "scanner" 110 assigned to the type carrier, which is kept in constant motion, is arranged on the printing carriage. which generates a pulse for each character found to be in conformity with the print hammer.

The sequence of character pulses is applied to the coding counter 112 with the aid of the line 111, by counting on according to a predetermined law, at its outputs 113 S generates a binary code corresponding to the various characters.

In addition to this, the position detector 110 generates a zero or reset signal which is used to counteract the first characters of the type carrier or its

ίο to determine precisely defined position.

This pulse is also applied to counter 112 on line 114 and causes it to be reset.
The binary code corresponding to the character to be printed or the binary code of the character appearing in front of the printing hammer is applied to the comparison circuit 115 via the data channel 103 and the outputs 113. The two codes are compared with one another, and

μ if they agree with each other, it becomes an impulse sent on line 116 of the comparison circuit output.

So far, the whole thing is conventional and known and has therefore only been described very briefly.

In conventional printers, such a pulse is used to actuate the printing electromagnet.

According to the invention, however, such a pulse is made more suitable with the aid of various circuit elements Way delayed, and the progress is still on the basis of FIG. 10 described.

The pulse supplied to the setting circuit R of the motor M by means of the line 102 to initiate a step process is applied via the lines 117 or 118, 119 to a logic element of a bistable memory i2Q and to a pulse counter register 121 designed to count from 1 to 32.

The same pulse is transmitted through logic NOT circuit 122 and blocks the input of AND circuit 123, so that no signal of logic level 1 is present on output line 124 is. The line 124 is connected to the reset inputs 125 and 126 of the bistable memory 120 or the counter 121 is connected.

In this way, when the pulse signal initiates the stepping process, the bistable memory 120 by the action of the pulse applied to input 127 and in the absence of the signal at the reset input 125 set to the "set" state, while the counter 121 by the action of the "Preparation" input 128 of counter 121 created Pulse and in the absence of the signal at the reset input 126 to a predetermined "preparation" state is set.

This means that a continuous signal of logic level 1 is generated on the line 129 of the output from the bistable memory 120, while a form of continuous signals occurs on the counter outputs represented by the output channel 130, which corresponds to a previously set binary code representing, for example, the decimal number 2 correspond.
The signal present on line 129 is applied to the control input of a pulse generator 131 and causes it to start.

The pulses generated by the generator are sent to the input of a frequency divider circuit

4001 if

132, which causes the frequency of the generated pulses to be divided, for example by ~ ehn, and applied to the logical AND circuit 133 .

The pulses coming from the frequency divider 132 are applied to the input of a further division by two further frequency divider 134 and to the logical AND circuit 135 . The pulses coming from the frequency divider 134 are applied to the logical AND circuit 136 .

The group of the logical AND circuit elements 133, 135, 136, the logical NOT circuit elements 137, 138 and the logical OR circuit element 139 forms a circuit which, depending on the occurrence of certain states at the input 140 of the counter 121, generates a pulse train with a frequency equal to the frequency of the generator 131 or divided by ten or also divided by twenty

Such pulses cause the counter 121 to count at a variable speed. The conditions changing the counting speed consist of two signals applied by means of lines 141 and 142.

When there is coincidence between the Cod ι occurs on line 141. of the character to be printed and that of the character which is effectively in the printing position, a signal of logic level 1 only occurs when the signal applied to line 104 of the interface is present. If these conditions are met, the output of the logical AND circuit 143 applies a “set” pulse to the bistable circuit 144, which is initially in the “reset” state, which is stored.

The output of the bistable circuit 144 applies a continuous level to the line 141 which opens the AND circuit 133 , so that the full frequency of the generator 131 is applied to the counter 121 via the OR circuit 139.

At the same time, the output signal from the bistable circuit 144 reversed by the NOT circuit 137 blocks the AND circuits 135 and 136.

A signal of the logic level 1 is present on the line 142 only for certain output forms of the counter 121 recognized by the decoding circuit 145.

In the example given, these forms correspond to the decimal numbers 2, 3, 4, 5 and 27, 28, 29, 30, 31.

If a logic level 1 is present on the line 142 in the signal iK, the logic AND circuit 136 is opened, while the logic AND circuit 135 is disabled.

The reverse occurs for output forms of the counter corresponding to those between 6 and 26 Pay a.

If the shape of the signals coming from the counter 121 corresponds to 00, a signal appears at the output of the decoder circuit 146 and is applied to the AND circuits 123 and 147 via the lines 149 and 150 .

If there is no step pulse command on the line 102 , this signal is transmitted via the circuit 123 , the counter 121 being blocked by this signal acting on its “reset” input 126.

In addition, the pulse generator 131 is blocked, since this signal resets the bistable memory 120 to its "reset" state.

The same signal applied to AND circuit 147 enables, if the signal arriving from bistable circuit 144 is present , the transmission of a command signal from the pressure electromagnet via line 106 and the "in execution phase" to the control unit via interface line 105.

The signal at the output of the AND circuit 147 is a pulse signal which is applied via the line 151 to the delay circuit 148 , which can consist of a monostable circuit, the output of which causes the bistable circuit 144 to be reset.

The operation of the logic circuit described above is briefly as follows:

Case A. Printing with Step Process Complete. In this case, the start of a step is controlled via the line 102 .

At the same time, the bistable memory 120 is set, the counter 121 is prepared, and the pulse generator 131 starts up.

The counter 121 therefore continues to count from the level representing the number 2 to the level representing the number 5 at the minimum speed.

At this point, the AND circuit 136 is blocked and the AND circuit 135 is opened, the counter continuing to count at double speed until the level representing the number 26 is reached.

At this point the AND circuit 135 is blocked and the AND circuit 136 is opened again, the counter continuing to count at the minimum speed and stopping in the idle configuration 00.

A continuous signal on line 149 also indicates that the stepping process has been carried out under the control of the setting circuit R and that the printing device stops in the position in which the printing of a character is to be carried out.

When the desired character is in the diurk position as a result of the orbital movement of the type carrier, the comparison circuit 115 sends out a signal which is transmitted via the circuit 147 , the print command being issued on the line 106 essentially without delay.

FaIlB:

Printing while the step operation is in progress. In this case, the comparison circuit 115 sends out a positive signal while the counter 121 is still counting.

This signal is stored in the bistable circuit 144 , the output of which changes the counting speed of the counter 121 and causes it to continue counting up to the idle configuration 00 when the pulse generator 131 is immediately applied at the maximum speed.

Such a configuration comes with a delay tion is achieved, which obviously depends on the current configuration from which eir fast counting begins.

15 16

An additional signal is only picked up when configuration 00 is reached

ordered the printing of the character. with the preparation applied to input 128

In the preceding description, the handling signal was used to refer to an output representing the number 10

of the diagram according to FIG. 10 sets the possible usage configuration.

5 The line 200 applies to the setting circuit R

assume the correct character imprint for the speed of the motor M a signal that

instructed. the shifting of the printing device at constant

It should be noted, however, that the mode of operation of the speed over the entire intermediate

the device by some simple improvement space between the central axes of two

gen can improve. io other printing positions and up to the limit

It is obvious that, if the pressure is applied while the signal is continuously present? Further Praying of a character in a pre-set move at a constant speed Printing takes place before the printing device acts.

The same signal is sent to input 205 of the Acceleration phase is completely useless. the 15 counter 121 is applied. The decoding circuit 203 He device to brake and in the pressure position it produces an impulse on line 206 each time, stop and then immediately start again when the counter 121, for example, one of the decimal places, if a new print is to be made. number 22 corresponding, previously determined starting

On the other hand, it is advantageous for the printing device to assume configuration.

to continue running at constant speed ao This pulse is sent to an input of the AND-sen. until the position in which printing takes place circuit 204 is applied and on line 201 only is exceeded and the new imprint is then transferred to the output, if to the second Immediately undertake subsequent printing position, input of the circuit 204 on from the bistable to stop the printing device in it or to apply an incoming signal to circuit 144, constant speed in accordance with 25 That is, only then via line 201 a the point in time at which a new print pre-impulse is transmitted, if taken in the course of the can be kept running. acceleration phase of the printing device a pressure under these circumstances can be used to set the printing process.

Time to be made correction with the help of a bis the output signal of the flip-flop 144 to

30 Change the counting speed of the counter in accordance with the circuit described

achievement. works, there is an exact match

After preparing the correction diagram, you can switch between the counter output configuration and the

this is currently taken by the printing device with the same already described

Achieve circuit provided that at menen position.

Start of the next step of the counter 121 35 If the initial configuration of the counter of the

of a decimal number representing, for example, the decimal number 0 corresponds to 22, the point in time is very

the other preset configuration to which the braking phase of the

runs. Device begins. When the output signal is off

The printing device designed for this mode of operation has the bistable circuit 144 on line 141.

tion is shown in FIG. 11 shown. 40 occurs before the counter reaches this configuration

It should be noted that everything already described and and the braking phase has not yet been reached,

logic circuits shown in Fig. 10 and it is therefore possible to quickly set the counter up to

Elements are present with the addition of the configuration 22 to continue running, whereupon

the following: a pulse is supplied on line 201.

Interface: It has one of the control unit 45. If, on the other hand, the output signal from the bista-

from additional binary circuit 144 running to the printing device occurs on line 141,

Line 200 for controlling the constant movement of the after the counter reaches the configuration 22

There is of course no printing device and two lines 201, 202 on line 201

transmit the signal from the device to the pulse control unit.

on. Line 201 is used for supply 50. The operation of the device is as follows:

a pulse signal which the control unit carries with the control unit via the line 102 a

tei't that the character in the course of the step command to. The printing device is moved

acceleration phase is printed and that therefore and the counter 121 is prepared (output code

braking of the printing device is not necessary 2).

dig is. 55 The! Pulse generator 131 starts up and the

Line 202 is used to send a signal to control unit carrying the code des on channel 103

feed, which at the same time defines the point in time for the characters to be printed.

which the control unit decides whether the printing If between the characters on the

device their movement at constant speed Type carrier and the characters to be printed

speed or untci braking must continue, and 60 coincidence occurs before the counter reaches the con-

oewiikt has thus continued to count the maintenance or elimination of the code 22, is on

supply of the signal present on line 200. the line 2OJ. a signal is supplied and the printing

Correction circuit: It has an additional de- crease in the event of a suitable delay.

coding circuit 203 for identifying the number The control unit picks up the signal on the line

22 and a 65 device 201 and decides the execution of the

additional AND circuit 204. following operations.

The counter 121 is, although not explained in more detail, provided that no further characters are printed

has been modified so that it should be via input 205, no further signal is sent to the device

17 ¹⁸

δ f <V e way, possible errors can be

and the setting circuit R of the motor M Aul aie _{n in} the speed

causes the engine to stop itself and the result ^dilni ; | _in step towards the

Printing device. , _v Sren for those with the counter configuration

In contrast, if another character komg'eren th overall, _Herge provides.
prints to be, the control unit 100 bald- 5 functions processi "" g ^ _^8, * ng _by modifiers Derun as possible, but certainly not the shooting ¹ ^ ¹ ™ ". Λ _{enz the} pulse generator 131 of a start of braking signal over line 202, a gen in correct the ™ £ 'I ^ shifts.
Command for constant movement via line 200 ^^^^ ySS on the basis of F i g. 12th

In this way the pressure device moves io and 13 ^ "f ^^^^ Sm the course of the

forward at constant speed. When the t ig. i- ζ S _{time and the time to print} .

Print position (in which the imprint has already been ^S ^ ⁿ ^. ^ / "^ Corresponding correction

follows) is crossed, the printing device performs time y ° rzun ^ me ™ ^ _g ^ _step bezeidl.

and more precisely the position detector T on the doors, the ready m rig.

Line 107 to a signal, when recorded the i ₅ »^" ^ "! ^ S the step-time ratio at

Control unit 100 a new step ^command on the Die * curve £ J * _{ie a preplanned one}

Line 102 feeds the counter 121 at the "« ^ Ä ^ St ^ Dnutadifittens dar "

Code 10 corresponding preset configuration ⁰ HTr ^ ¹¹ SSS time required for a step

ration prepared and on the channel 103 a further

feeds teren character code. « ^Be gf ^ fJSt the corresponding approximated

If still represents coincidence between the to druk- The ^KurvedJ _n ^s ^ "" the corrections.

kenden characters and the corrections to be made in the course of the curve

even movement phase of the pressure from Now ^^^ "^ άΆμαρτ or ver

bc- basic (uberma _B , g ^ broom * ^. ^

stands, the pressure device moves faster only kon- * ₅ ^. ^! ^^^! Tirnckschilnel

at a constant speed. Scores) α e g oewtgui _ride ■ _d

If this occurs with a delay, ie and for example J ⁹ ^^ f J3SSegu _{ng represents} .

after the position detector Γ on line 107 ^^^. S ^ S ^ S ^ KufU C)

has supplied a signal that bcnntt z-en ui g

there, or if no other characters are given 3 °. to be undertaken

are to be printed, the signal for d ,. steady The corresponding curve ^ wmineto ^ en

Bewe _f ng away on the line 200 and the ^^^^^ S ^^ S ^

^D Tu ^V disetefse ^g iirTir twofold advantage of an Eventually on ^ TIS & SS ^

Further increase in the average speed curve <0 considerable jumps

ability of pressing and a movement achieved that The change de ^ ^ΚθΓ ^ ™ ^

only a small number of acceleration and best possible ^^

Is subjected to slowing down loads. is replaced by ^el ^. _t

After the above., Preferred the print carriage ^^^ _Ο ^

Embodiment is one exclusively on a 40 Fig. 12 shows. .that with normal or

Mention time measurement based correction. easy operation (execution time for one step

It is clear, however, that the correction, as already mentioned by 10 ms) for one "^ Λ ^ '^., Also applies to others, possibly with one-by-one for the ^Κο ™ ^ ™ ^ ™ ™ 2 \ ή £ * 6 Depending on the configuration of the decimal jitter taken in the same way combined parameters, and also another circuit implementation «* pncht. correspond to the implemented ones

^b ^ Snir ⁿ eist ⁿⁿ kiar that the position detector T ScnriÄchteile each L · ^ ^ ^ the

in addition to the decimal numbers 16, 20 and 25 representing the position of the printing device

after the completion of each step process, the Z ^anIers ascertaining figurations ·. .

Impulses can also supply impulses which have a ₅ o If the movement of the ^Sc W »« ens in one under

Determine the appropriate number of intermediate positions, the average time is taken

each of which a certain correction of the pressure speaks a counter configuration of 5 instead of 6 dem

time corresponds to a fraction of time of 7.5%.

For example, it is possible, however, to count the pulses generated in Fig. 10 and 11 detector T by a counter circuit, 55 already designated by T position detector for such as counter circuit 121, according to a suitable interruption 1 carried out in accordance with the law «? leave, whereby they supply the Im-counter 121 with a signal which leaves it to the pulse generator 131 to set the level representing the number 6
Counters always move quickly to the following increments. In a corresponding manner, you can continue counting and thus a modified step fraction of 30 50 or 70 · /. to generate a suitable delay. particular incoming from the position detector T Si-Bei solutions, recently proposed between the gnale the counter each aut the numbers 16, M or antigenic solution and the solution previously described set 25 corresponding configurations, and lie between pulses can be of the positional namely regardless of the actual configuration indicated by the counter T, in order to impose predetermined states 65, which are larger or the counter, which can be smaller by the pulse.

generator 131 to continue counting with variable Therefore curve d) is reduced to curve d )

Speed is induced. changed that for the sample case of the correct cor-

19 20

correction curve d ') is much better approximated. It lights up A pulse applied to input 300 is set

one that with the help of such a method it is possible to use the bistable circuit 305 via the OR switch

Lich is both the excessive shifts as device 316 and the bistable circuit 306 via the

also the erroneous shifts with respect to OR circuit 317th while he is the bistable

a pre-planned average behavior and 5 circuits 304, 307, 308, 309 via the OR

also resets possible frequency errors of the pulse generator circuits 310, 313, 314 or 315 .

to correct. Under these conditions the counter increases

13 shows schematically one with inputs for an electrical state ^ n, which is at output 130

the mentioned setting signals are provided with counter scales - a group of those corresponding to the decimal number 6

tion and also more in detail the signals representing io-chenden binary code 000110

Fig. 10 and 11 supplies counter already designated by 121,

block. It should be noted that the inputs 301, 302,

The counter block 121 consists of six pulses applied in the usual 303 to the counter in corresponding

Impose pre-established states on cascaded bistable circuits in the manner,

304, 305, 306, 307, 308 and 309.15 so that the output signals have the decimal numbers 16,

The pulses that activate the counter are shown at 20, 25.

the time control input or "clock input" of the first The inputs applied to inputs 300 to 303

bistable circuit 304 via the line 140 pulses come from the position detection

placed, it being assumed that in front of the conductor T, which directs the print carriage movement

device 140, the logic circuit 20 already described is assigned to the motor M.

is available. It stands to reason that the number of used

The counter block has a certain number of inputs as well as the electrical status, which is supplemented by the counter provided with the reference numerals 310 to 319 by IM-OR circuits present at these inputs, which allow pulses to be imposed, according to special emergency different » SET "and" RESET "inputs or to achieve better movements of the flip-flops, which can be changed and increased via inputs 128, 126, and 205, 300, 301, 302, 303 incoming signals as a borderline case, as already mentioned, increase possible. is, the counter by the action of the digit

The outputs of the various bistable circuit detectors T continue to count incoming pulses

lines form a group of u.chs in Fig. 10 to let 30 if the resolution of the detector for the

and 11 lines already designated 130. the setting accuracy to be achieved is sufficiently high.

Input 126 is used to control the counter. Obviously, this is how the counter is always designed

reset: The presence at this input that it can be controlled by an independent

Signal is namely over the OR circuits Gigen oscillator during the correction phase of the

310 to 315 to the reset inputs all of the 35 printing times counts at high speed,

Counter forming bistable circuits applied. during this phase it must be ensured that

The input 128 is used to set the counter so that a possible supply of impulses arriving from the position its the decimal code 2 representing configuration detector T in the counter: That is prevented at the input 128 (after a.

In the solution described above, the OR circuit 316, the bistable circuit 305 is therefore one based on the actual amount of pressure on the SET state. Correction based on slide displacement

The electronic ones present at exit 130 take.

Under this condition, signals represent the Ultimately it is with the help of more

the binary code 000010 45 corresponding to the decimal number 2 possible, measurements of the

the steps taken, the speed and the

Correspondingly, an acceleration is carried out at input 205 and a correction switch is made.

placed signal to use the bistable circuit 305 via the lines based on such measurements

OR circuit 316 as well as the bistable circuit are based, without thereby affecting the scope of the invention

307 via the OR circuit 319 to leave the SET 50 and deviate from its task.

State. It should also be noted that in the

The electronically written example at output 130 shows the direction of the characters

under this condition, the signals on the type carrier and in correspondence

with the binary mood corresponding to the decimal number 10 with the print positions hypothetically as

code 001010. 55 progressive, d. H. in print sequence from a print

The task of these three fingers is already in the position for the next printing position,

Hand of Fig. 10 and 11 was taken as described in detail ,

been. However, the character movement can also be used as a

In addition to these inputs and for the purpose of regressive selection, without the above considerations of changing the counter reading for correction 60 losing their validity. In the event of possible shifts in the behavior of the pressure, the "shift" correction can be carried out by means of a slide compared to the previously established bringing about suitable delays in the pressure holding, there are inputs 300, 301, 302 and 303. At the same time.

For this purpose 3 sheets of drawings

Claims (2)

1 2 Code of a character to be printed in front of the patent claims. For on-the-fly serial printers, the 1. Asynchronous serial printer, especially characters to be printed in flow on the outer surface Slowly working printer with a wheel in constant motion supply held type carrier, in which the distributed or a drum, whereby the printing different characters during a movement then takes place when the font to be printed is the Characters in accordance with the characters with the predetermined printing position in Print line is essentially parallel to the print match. Printer with between line one after the other brought into print position io the character element or type carrier and are, the type carrier on a print a print hammer arranged ink medium carriage is arranged by one of the and pressure medium are known to be the reverse Drive of the type carrier independent drive hitting printer. moved to successive print positions Alternatively, there are those that will strike forward and wherein the type carrier with a dend or roller printer, in which the pressure detector device for the purpose of determining the position hammer and the type carrier against the Druckdes Type carrier act on the detector device medium from the same side and tion is connected, and in the processing so the type carrier against an inclined plane equipment for the processing of the presses. Detector device supplied information 20 In the second case, the type carrier has the form and for the purpose of comparing the processed In- a flexible tape or a tray or a formation with the code of a disc to be printed with freely supporting protruding fingers, Characters are provided on which the characters are arranged, characterized by variable time control devices lines (54 to 57; 118 to 151) for the purpose of Aus As and the print hammer, which odei as a print carriage solving the printing processes are designed independently of print carriage, in general the Momentansteliung of the pressure carriage (5) to move evenly or step by step appropriate times to print the entire print line moved so that it is in line Type carrier (3) at suitable pressure points to all pressure positions, enable. 30 From an operational point of view, isi 2. Asynchronous serial printer according to claim 1, the distinction between such printers in synchronous, characterized in that the variable time and asynchronous printer is very important. Control devices (54 to 57; 118 to 151) The synchronous serial printers are characterized by a clock pulse generator (131) and an Im- characterized in that the type carrier and the pulse counter (121), which are set at the beginning of each movement 35 print hammer in accordance with predetermined - > Process of the printing carriage (5) from a th synchronization conditions when rotating the Move to the next printing position, move the font element, and circuit devices included for the purpose of synchronism is achieved by various movements Change of the counting frequency of the counter according to unifying positive mechanical overruns according to predetermined laws and than 40 transmissions, so that the movement of the type function of signals generated by the processing device on the movement of the print carriage in one device (52; 112, 115) is related in a super-unique way. So it is provided in accordance with the older proposal by the detector device that the printing device (15, 16; 110) of the type carrier (3) is aware of the rotational and transport movement via information provided. 45 motor-powered drive means is conveyed, wöbe the transport movement should also be regulated in stages and via a synchronous with the transport movement adjusted device the respective position of the pressure element displayed in coded form wire 50 (German Offenlegungsschrift 1 920 824). The present invention relates to an asyn- Such printers are particularly suitable for: chron serial printer, especially a constant speed printing on the fly, jedocr working printer with in constant motion less for printing like the machine · holding type carrier, in which the different letters, the reverse the possibility required Characters with a movement of the characters 55 makes the print carriage after the printer to be able to stop essentially every character in accordance with the print line borrowed one after the other in parallel to the printing line In contrast, the flying asynchronous Print position can be brought, whereby the type serial printer marked by a step by step < carrier is arranged on a print carriage, the movement of the print carriage from a print by one of the drive of the type carrier inde- pendently 60 in the next following and thereby, dal pending drive in successive printing between the movement of the printing carriage and dei Positions is moved, and wherein the type carrier type carrier is no correlation. Sii with a detector device for the purpose of determining the are particularly suitable for printing according to Ar Position of the type carrier in relation to the detector - the typewriter, d. H. at from a keypad device is connected, and in the processing from 65 given print commands. However, they are long processing facilities for the purpose of processing the from the samer, as it is during the moving of the carriage Detector device provided information in order to use time is not possible to any pressure Comparison of the processed information with the process to be carried out, which is why it is used for a