DE2104621A1 - Set consisting of pallets and plastic boxes for the transport, storage and sale of goods, in particular fruit and vegetables - Google Patents

Description

Set consisting of pallets and plastic boxes for transport, the storage and sale of goods, especially fruits and vegetables The present The invention relates to a set consisting of pallets and plastic boxes for the transport, storage and sale of goods, in particular fruit and vegetables.

There are many types of plastic boxes and vegetable crates. Nevertheless, the wooden fruit and vegetable crates have not pushed themselves out of the market permit. This has many reasons, starting with the harvest and stop at the price of the climb.

The previously known boxes made of wood or plastic are also transported on pallets if there are large producers, large trading companies and large customers. But fruit and vegetables are coming in no way palletized to such a large extent in the trade as is the case with industrial goods the case is. This is largely due to - that the packaging of the goods is not yet happens in the field itself, but in special packing halls of the harvesting companies. However, this is neither good for the goods, because the goods have already been packaged several times has to be reloaded, it is still economical because several hands touch the goods, before the goods are packed ready for the market.

Plastic boxes would be particularly suitable for packaging that is in line with the market well suited, if it were only possible with easy means, these boxes by far to be stacked on top of each other so that they form a sales shelf.

Because then there would also be repackaging of the goods in the retail business omitted from the box on the shelf. At the same time, however, there would have to be a possibility can be found to make the plastic boxes suitable for the so-called stack & nest principle to do, d. H. to train them in such a way that after a rotation of 900 or 1800 are each suitable for stacking one inside the other and one on top of the other. To Plastic crates built according to the stack and nest principle have the advantage that empties can be transported requires very little space.

The present invention is based on the object of a pallet and plastic boxes to create the existing set that is suitable for harvesting on the Field is suitable because the plastic boxes are so solid on the pallet that they cannot slip or tip over, which is important for transport and storage Particularly suitable for fruit and vegetables because there is enough between the boxes Air can sweep around and over the goods, even though the boxes are packed close together on pallets and which is especially suitable for sale directly from the plastic boxes suitable because it is possible to stack the boxes so that there are wide spaces between them arise between the boxes, into which one can reach, so that one also has goods can get out of lower boxes of a stack of boxes.

The invention achieves this in that it has a special design the plastic boxes on these two principles that have become known for themselves the rotary stacking brings into use, in such a way that the bottom of a box at three different heights above the floor of a box stacked below is adjustable.

The invention consists in that the boxes that can be stacked one inside the other with a substantially rectangular bottom on its substantially trapezoidal side walls have known ribs, which are stacked as a support for the bottom of a Serving box when the box stacked above is opposite to the box stacked below Box around 1800 by one vertically through the box bottom @ @@@@@@@ @@@ h @@ @ dre @@ @@@ @@ @ @@ @@ ere Rand @er @@@ ten Mitte @ to @@@ tüt @ ung @@ @@ nahme @ines @ ar @ over ges @ apelten @astens, de @ @ eg over the one below @@@ t @ pelten Box @m e @ ne @ spi @@@@ or a right @ @ i @ kel around a perpendicular through the bottom of the box going @ e @ se is turned.

In this way it is achieved that the combination of the two stacking and stacking principles three different heights of the box bottom of a box arranged above can be set @ ind @ One level of a box @ stacked above is completely d @ cht above the bottom of the box stacked on top. @ i @@ es @st the stacking of empties, in which the boxes are stacked one inside the other in a space-saving manner, the @width A first @@ bare altitude is the one at which the ground has a @@ box @I about in the Mid-height of the sidewalls below the stacked box is found, this one is ei @@ in stacks for transport, where the branches are filled with goods can, namely up to about half the greatest height of the side walls of the box. The bottom of the goods stacked on top is then just above the stacked goods Box. In this way, one filled box is placed on top of the other in a space-saving manner stacked without the goods being damaged by boxes stacked on top. The third adjustable height of a box bottom is that at which the box bottom is at the level of the upper edge of the side walls of a box stacked below is located. If indentations or recesses are now provided in the side walls, which reach down to about half the height of the side walls, so you can with this Stacked on the side through the indentations or recesses in reach in the boxes of a stack and remove the goods.

This stacking position is intended for sale because the boxes are here are stacked together to form a kind of shelf, with the individual shelves - these are the individual boxes - the goods can be removed at will.

In one embodiment of the invention, the type known per se the rotary stacking according to the 1800 rotary stack principle with that which is also known per se 909 stack and nest principle combined. This version is characterized by that the large side walls extend from the top to the central area Have cutouts that match the width and shape of the narrow side wall in the area above the bottom of the box, and that the boxes are feet or foot-shaped Have side wall parts, the distance between them along the larger side wall of the width of the box between the recesses in the larger side walls. These The type of stacking has the advantage that there is sufficient air during transport around the goods and around the boxes, so that perishable goods are not spoiled by too close storage.

Another embodiment of the invention is known per se Type of rotary stacking according to the 1800 rotary stacking principle with the one in itself as well known stack and nest principle combined around an acute angle of rotation and have here the boxes in a known manner Cutout in the side walls, which is in front of the upper edge to a middle area of the height of the side walls extends. This embodiment is gekenngeiehnet that the beginning at the bottom known ribs for supporting the bottom of a box stacked above it end in a middle area of the height of the side walls that the upper edge of the Box well-known indentations for receiving a stacked over it has an acute angle rotated box and that recesses in the side walls are present, which extend from the top of the box to a central area the height of the side walls extend. It is the advantage of this embodiment, that the boxes can be stacked particularly close together.

In order to achieve good ventilation here too, it can be useful be that the ribs are guided higher than the lower edge of the recess. To this This way it is achieved that the air through the cutout directly over the cargo can kick.

In order to have a safe stand when using the boxes in high places Stacking on swaying harvesting vehicles driving through the site, it can be useful if each box has hooks on the sides of the tick, which cover the edge of an adjacent box and which are at their distance from the corner are offset.

Kierdurch is @rrei @@@ @@ ß @@ @@ @@@@ @@@@ @@@@ sport is not against each other v @@@ eh @ eb @ @@ n @@ @ u @@ @@@ @@@ ht, If the transport company @@ eug at the @@@ te im @ @@ nde moves. This is very important. because @i @@@@@@@ da @ @@ kt @ finished packaging directly can be vorg @@@@ me @ on the harvesting vehicle.

It is useful if the @@ ke @in tick and on one side the other side of the corner two hooks are arranged, their distance from each other is larger than the width of one hook on the adjacent corner and the are arranged offset in their distance from the corner 30 that one hook one The corner of an adjacent box is between the two hooks Z-t, when the side walls of adjacent boxes are in alignment with one another. the The arrangement of the hooks at the corners is the same for all four corners made: If you look from the outside at a corner of the box and look at the right one Side two hooks on the left side but only one hook, so this is the arrangement - two hooks on the right, one hook on the left - to be found in the same way at all four corners. This configuration is a very useful configuration, but it is also possible to omit one of the two hooks, so that the arrangement - right Next page corner distance of the hook, left side smaller corner distance of the hook - results. Of course, more hooks can also be provided.

So that the individual plastic boxes are also palletized by machine it is useful if the @one @ machine then one Box next to the others, so @eben @I push the noses automatically and the hook is automatically pushed over the edge of the neighboring box.

It is optional if the palette is on the top surface @ shows @n which the @ branches or the feet can be used. This achieves that all boxes stand up very firmly on the pallet. These deepenings can on the other hand on the underside of the pallet. where the indentations of the top at a version of the pallet made of plastic appear as elevations, are used, when a pallet is used to cover boxes filled with goods. -These Execution of the pallet allows two pallet plates to be used for transport. One pallet plate serves as a pallet, on which the boxes are stacked.

The other pallet plate is used to close the open at the top Boxes, so that no parts in the Boxes can fall into it.

The essence of the present invention is based on one in the drawing schematically illustrated embodiment explained in more detail. They show: Fig. 1 shows a side view of the box according to the invention on the long side.

2 shows a side view of the narrow side, Sigs 3 is a view from above of the box of FIGS. 1 and 2.

Figure 4 is a top view of the pallet.

5 shows a view from below of the pallet.

6 shows the arrangement of the hooks on the edge of the box according to the invention.

7 shows a hook formation in section.

8 shows the interaction of two hooks.

9 shows a pallet with filled boxes stacked on it.

10 shows a pallet with empty boxes stacked on it.

11 boxes set up for sale in a stack.

Fig. 12 is a view from above of another implemented Crate.

Fig.13 shows a section through the box of Fig. 12 Fig.14 with cargo provided boxes stacked one on top of the other in the embodiment of FIG. 12 in a reduced size Scale.

15 shows the boxes of FIG. 14 stacked for empty transport.

Fig. 16 the boxes of Fig. 14th

As FIG. 1 shows, the box according to the invention has the special feature on that the long side 1 has a large section 2 has. This section extends from the top to the middle areas of the long side 1.

This cutout has the shape and the external dimensions of the narrow side 3 of the box according to the invention.

If two boxes are twisted by 900 and stacked on top of each other, As shown in FIG. 9, the bottom 4 of the box stacked above is seated on the lower edge 5 of the cutout 2. The corners 6 of the box secure it a lateral shift of the stacked box in the lateral direction, while a displacement in the longitudinal direction by the feet 7 is prevented. This box but can not only be stacked on top of each other after the box to be stacked 900 is rotated, but it can also be stacked, as shown in Fig. 11 is achieved by turning 1800. These are in the narrow sides of the box known beads 8 and 9 formed. Whenever the boxes are stacked so that the beads 8 of a stacked box on the Beads 9 of a box stacked underneath come to sit on, so the Boxes stacked on top of each other, stacked on top of each other with a large gap, as shown in FIG. 11. However, when stacking the boxes, if all the boxes are stacked so that that in each case the beads 8 over the beads 8 of the other box and the beads 9 of one box come to rest over the beads 9 of the other box, so will the boxes are stacked one inside the other, as shown in FIG. 10.

The pallet 10 adapted to these boxes is shown in FIG. In Fig. 4 it can be seen that the pallet depressions 11 @@ f points to the the boxes can be set so that the boxes have a very firm stand take on the pallet. These depressions 11 appear on the underside of the Pallet 10, which is shown in Fig. @, As elevations 12. By the material thickness of the pallet 10, the dimensions of the elevation 12 are larger than the dimensions of the Deepening 11. @this @ can be used to create a pallet space 10 @uch Can be used as a lid for plastic boxes, wel @ he one above the other or one inside the other are stacked as FIGS. 9 and 10 show.

So that the boxes when they are stacked in high piles on a pallet are, also give each other support, hooks 14 are provided at the corners. These hooks 14 are arranged so that - if you look at a corner with your eyes - there are two hooks on the right and one hook on the left. These hooks 14 have a Run-up nose or run-up edge 15, as shown in FIG. 7. In Fig. 8 is schematic shown how two boxes standing next to each other at the upper edge with each other get caught.

9 shows how boxes loaded with goods are stacked on top of one another are, in close stacking, which is achieved in that the one on top of the other stacked th boxes are each stacked rotated by 90 °. In Fig. 10 it is shown how tightly the empty boxes can be stacked. Fig. 11 shows how the boxes are stacked when it comes to selling the goods. The distance between each Boxes is so large that you can reach into the boxes through the recesses 2 and di @ can get goods out of the boxes.

12 to 16 are another embodiment of the invention Box shown. In this embodiment, there are again two rotary stacking principles combined with each other, namely the stack and nest principle by 180 ° and the stack and nest principle with an acute angle of rotation. In the edge 16 of this box there are @in-indentations 17, which serve to accommodate a box stacked above. And sit down after a 7 turn through an acute angle, the holes 18 on the elevations 19 and the holes 20 in the box bottom on the elevations 21 in the indentations 22, With this type of stacking, a stack as shown in FIG. 16 is built up is. 16 shows a view of the longitudinal walls 23, which have a recess 24 have. Because the boxes are at an acute angle to each other while stacking are twisted, you can always see one of the narrow side walls, either the wall 25 or the wall 26. In the illustrated embodiment of FIG Ribs 27 and 28 are provided, which extend from the box bottom 29 to about the middle of the Height of the side walls 23, 25, 26 extend. Will guests turn 180 each against each other If placed twisted on top of each other, the bottom of the boxes sits on top of each other Upper edge 3C of the ribs 27 and 28 from. In the illustrated embodiment of Fig. 13 there is also a small indentation in the floor next to the ribs 27 and 28 31, 32 are provided, with which the bottom settles on the surface 30 of the ribs. These indentations 31 and 32 each have in the illustrated embodiment a hole through which the raised portion 33 attached to the surface 30 reach can.

The stacking possibility achieved in this way is shown in Fig. 14, where the individual boxes with their sehmalen side wall can be seen as they are on a pallet 34 are provided and covered with a pallet 34 of the same type. Fig. 15 shows the stacking method for empty transport.

Claims (9)

3o hat claims: Set consisting of pallets and plastic boxes for transport, the storage and sale of goods, in particular fruit and vegetables, characterized in that the boxes, which can be stacked one inside the other, have a substantially rectangular base (4; 29) on their essentially trapezoidal side walls (1, 3; 23, 25, 26) per se known ribs (8, 9; 27, 28), which act as a support for the bottom (4; 29) of a box stacked above serve when the box stacked above is opposite the box stacked underneath by 180 ° by one vertically through the box bottom (4; 29) going axis is rotated, and that the upper edge (16) of the boxes means (8,9; 17, 22) for supporting and receiving a box stacked above it, the one opposite the box stacked underneath by a pointed one or a right one Angle is rotated about a perpendicular through the box bottom (4; 29) going axis. 2. Set consisting of pallets and plastic boxes according to claim 1, characterized in that the large side walls (1) extend from the top to the middle area have extending cutouts (2), the width and the The shape of the narrow side wall (3) in the area above the bottom (4) of the box, and that the boxes have feet (7) or foot-like shaped side wall parts, the Distance along the larger Side wall (1) the width of the box @wischen @en the recesses (2) in the larger side walls (Fig. 1 - 3; 9-11). 3. Set consisting of pallets and plastic boxes according to claim 1, characterized in that the ribs which are known per se and begin at the bottom (29) (27, 28) for supporting the bottom (29) of a box stacked above in one middle area of the height of the side walls (23, 25, 26) end that the upper edge (16) of the box known per se bookings (17, 27) for receiving an above stacked, rotated at an acute angle box and that in the side walls (23) recesses (24) are present, which extend from the upper edge (16) of the box extend into a central area of the height of the side walls (23, 25, 26). 4. Set consisting of pallets and plastic boxes according to claim 3, characterized in that the ribs (27, 28) are higher than the lower edge of the Recess (24) are performed. 50 Set consisting of pallets and plastic boxes according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that j hooks each box on the sides of the corners (14) has which cover the edge of an adjacent box and which are arranged offset at their distance from the corner. 6. Set consisting of pallets and plastic boxes according to claim 6, characterized in that on one side of the corner a hook (14) and on the other side of the corner two hooks (14) are arranged, their distance from each other is larger than the width of one hook on the adjacent corner side and the are arranged offset in their distance from the corner that one hook one The corner of an adjacent box comes to rest between the two hooks, if the side walls of adjacent boxes are in alignment with one another. 7. Set consisting of pallets and plastic boxes according to claim 5 and 6, characterized in that the hooks have outwardly pointing stop lugs (15) exhibit. 8. Set consisting of pallets and plastic boxes according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the pallet (10) has depressions on the top (11), in which the boxes or the feet (7) can be used. 9. Set consisting of pallets and plastic boxes according to claim 8, characterized in that the pallet (10) has elevations (12) on the underside has, which are suitable to sen einas into the boxes from above. L e r s e i t e