DE2103458A1 - Conveyor and spraying device for concrete mixes - Google Patents

Description

Conveyor and spraying device for concrete mixes.

The invention relates to conveying and spraying devices for concrete mixes, in particular for high viscosity and therefore difficult to inject fiber, light aggregate @ at- and / or plastic-concrete mixes.

Depending on whether inherently moist mix is being conveyed through hose lines and the water required for setting is only added at the spray nozzle or the already prepared mortar or concrete is promoted and sprayed, differentiates dry and wet spray processes. The conveying and spraying device according to the invention is intended for the wet spraying method, because only with this the one to be solved with the device Problems occur.

So far, you either spray wet mortar or concrete mixes by means of piston pumps, screw conveyors or pressure vessel devices.

The common disadvantage of these devices is that although they are used for conveying and Splashing normal consistency mortar, veton or plaster mixtures without any further are suitable, but fail with the special concrete mixes mentioned, especially if these with bitumen or plastic emulsions or with setting retardants or accelerating agents are added. A special disadvantage of the pressure vessel devices is the intermittent loading of the boiler; here it is especially the double boiler units with boilers lying or standing next to each other, for the special, swiveling one Infeed conveyor belts and special hose switches or two-way slides for ejection are required, the alternating the concrete stream from the two boilers in the Steer the spray hose.

Apart from the considerable wear and tear and other general sturgeon = susceptibility, this device system needs at least three operation * people with the function-related idle times.

In order to avoid these disadvantages of the pressure vessel devices, is already a conveyor device for sprayable beetroot mixtures has been created to which the conveying air is only supplied at the transition to the spray hose (Deutsohe Offenlegungsschrift 16 84 204). This gear consists of a conveyor pipe with a screw conveyor, a feed hopper with a further, the funnel shape adapted mixing and Feed = screw and a compressed air ring nozzle at the outlet of the delivery pipe to the Spray hose. This device already has the advantage of one-man operation and one Compared to the pressure boilers, significantly lower compressed air consumption. The disadvantage is the need for two separate worm drives and one. certain susceptibility to clogging. Especially the latter Man = gel expresses itself to the effect that when the spray hose is closed, the full Pressure of the conveying air strikes back and the bearings of the conveyor; the screw and the drive abnormally loaded in the axial direction, which in the event of an accumulation of blockages leads to malfunctions can function.

This is where the present invention comes in. It is up to her to do the job reason, the device according to the German Offenlegungsqchrift 16 b4 204 drive technology to simplify and the pale consequences of a compressed air blowback in the event of a possible Avoid blockages of the spray nozzle or hose starting from such a device Conveying and spraying device for concrete mixes in one horizontal conveyor pipe and one in it rotatably mounted screw conveyor and a feed = funnel, as well as one The compressed air ring nozzle attached to the discharge end of the conveyor tube is the one provided The object is achieved in that the ring nozzle in a cylindrical or in the conveying direction slightly consiches pre-accelerator tube opens, which in turn has another compressed air ring nozzle same or slightly corresponding to the conicity of the accelerator tube reduced cross-section is screwed. to which then in a known manner ier spray hose connect It is particularly advantageous to use the feed hopper easy to exchange = bar, e.g. with eccentric flange clamps or the like ..., on the delivery pipe fasten to inside. In particular, such a facility is only if special forms of feed hopper have to be used: like this sometimes is the case in underground mining or tunneling and adit driving. If e.g. the tanning is set up in such a way that it can be operated underground with a mine locomotive is movable, the funnel should have the dimensions of a mining truck do not exceed and therefore appropriately retain its shape.

For special cases it has proven to be advantageous that in itself However, the mortar or concrete mix supplied under pressure must be supplied under pressure. In such a special case, for example, is the spraying of so-called Einkorn-Beton (Porbeton) given. This special concrete is because of its narrowly classified Grain range only with special adhesive additives without an abnormally high rebound proportion to be applied to mountains and ridges. Because of the particularly tough they cause The consistency of the mixture is desirable for its pressure feed.

In this case, the feed hopper is pressure-tight with a lid be lockable, the cover connecting devices for a compressed air line having. It practically amounts to the same thing, the delivery pipe a pressure vessel put on. The inherently disadvantageous intermittent pressure vessel operation must be in this special case can be accepted, but this offers according to the invention trained conveyors have the opportunity to get through relatively smoothly afterwards the evacuation of the feed hopper to the requirements of other concrete mishaps that do not have to be filled into the machine under pressure.

The pressureless dispatch as well as all other things under pressure a vibrating funnel can be supported. For this purpose is the A @ igate funnel after another Mer @@ al @@@ @ rfin = dung with a mechanical or electromagnetic vibrator. The usage of Vibrators for accelerating a Gutstro = mes is known in other fields and as such not the subject of the discovery, but in connection with the loading of the inventive conveyor device for difficult-to-transport concrete mixes of particular advantage.

In many cases, cold-hardening or thermoplastic ones are used in the mortar composite Plastics are used, such as in the case of the aforementioned single-grain concrete. on the other hand it is desirable in colder underground rooms, the early strength of the ketone can be increased by heat treatment, which can only be achieved if you already have it When mixing the concrete mix, keep the heat in the mix for as long as possible can hold. It is therefore another feature of the invention, hopper and Accelerate to train tube heatable. This can be done for example with a per se known resistance heating or done by means of high frequency heaters.

According to the invention it is also proposed that one or both the compressed air ring nozzles have a continuously adjustable nozzle ring gap. This annular gap adjustment can advantageously be achieved by that one has the discharge cone with a union thread on the wall of the air collecting space rotatably attached. It is thus axially displaceable with respect to the nozzle nozzle.

To clean the spray equipment, especially the hoses, it becomes rougher Medium grain size grit through the pipes after the spraying work has been completed blown. In order not to expose the conveyor screw and screw to unnecessary wear, According to the invention, it is proposed that the pre-accelerator pipe be fitted with a shut-off device to connect with a pressurized fragmentation tank.

After all, for technical reasons it is advantageous that feed lines to the nozzles fed from a single compressed air line with different, However, pressures that are limited to the maximum, are to be used in the feed lines according to the invention Pressure regulator of known type provided, which elnosed to different pressures Will be able to shut down the drive of the screw conveyor in the event of a blockage.

On the basis of the drawings iot an example Aasfünru @@ sform des conveyor and spraying device according to the invention described. They show: FIG. 1 a schematic longitudinal section through the conveyor; Fig. 2 is an individual representation of a adjustable compressed air nozzle.

According to Fig. 1, the Fö rdergerat consists of either a low-wear conveying pipe 1 with an internally armored or lined with a loop sleeve In it revolving conveyor screw 4. The not particularly shown drive of the The screw can be equipped with a fuel or electric motor in the usual way or, depending on the available inergy form, pneumatic or be hydraulically driven.

The task hopper 6, which is only indicated in the drawing, can, depending on the circumstances in which the machine is to be used must be built higher or flatter, it is crucial that the connection opening is either circular or square is. Appropriately, the filling opening has a nozzle shape and a flange, With that a corresponding counter flange of the funnel with the help of eccentric clamps can be locked tightly in a few simple steps. In particular, asymmetrical shaped tasks can be carried out in any lateral or aft position Can be fixed on the conveyor pipe When used in underground mining the Device behavior @ ismäeig einfu @ n @@@ S @@@@ de @ @@@@@@ ar et @@ ae.t, @n @ e @ a Föfle @ w @@@ @cn Ent @ n @@ ng e. @ Es p @ ffe @@ en e @@ er S @@@ se @ te ents, @@@@@ l dem Im @@@@ @@ he @@. Fer @@ rrenr @ aufgesennit @ en is (@@@ nt dargeste @@). as F @ r @@@ ff ar @ird @@ - next above nozzle 10a @n @@ n För @ erwng @@. lays un @ @@@@ @elned filler neck a dem drundg @@ que @cinitt eats. te @ @@ es i @@@ @ shaped Abie @ kblech @ersenf @@@, Afst '@@ n @rl di @@ se 10a. a @ f that from the trolley. @ er @@ srdgende Förrdeir dren @@ @ s @ t @@ @nd the other parts (conveyor @@ r @ dal second @ u @ e 10a on ier nozzle 10a pefestisgt, At Tri @ nter 6 or @@@@ n gedei @@@, el @@ el @@. @ e @ For @@ wagens can do without Se @ wierigk iten @n to @ch @ek @@@ ter Weise mecha @ ische or elektr @@ gnetisene @ itrat @ r . 7 @ nbri @ gen, Such vibrators facilitate @es Abr @ t @@@ en la @@ schung lm Trlenter unl have the advantage over a Tra @ sport, enn @ oke or similar mechanical @ lnri @@ atungen that @ie @en El f @@@ - quersenaitt never be @ pregnant u @@ @@ r @@ Required @ if put into action @u will need.

The two compressed air nozzles 10 and 10a are in their structural details If essentially the same, although in Fig. 1, two et @ as differing from each other Bauwelsen are visible, they vle from a possible @different arrangement within the framework of the overall equipment.

The basic construction of the Draeklu @ t- @ ing @@ se is from Fig. 2 To be removed, the spout @ or 9a contains the extension of the conveyor ring @ b @ r e @@ s @ l @ sch @@ erbinng dur or lst dur @@ ien umgesenien @@ ftsa @ @@@@ l'a @ ial ainl carried out and then shows an ent re @@@ ndes profit @@ @@@ V @ rs @ n @ @@ exercise the pre-accelerator 2. The deh @ use @es Lüfts @ a @ @ lr @ uns @ @ can be used with elne @ @us Fig. 2 ers @@ t @@ @@@ Fla @@@@@@ rb @@ l @@ ng @@@ ve. @ with the conveyor pipe or can be connected to the Tülien version 9.

It has a connecting piece 3 or 3a for the compressed air supply and at its front end a thread for receiving the cap headwind 5 of the discharge cone. The exhaust cone is connected to the spray hose via a thread 8 or 8a connect to.

Read the pre-accelerator area 2 between the two DUsers (Fig. 1) is usually cylindrical, but can be slightly in special cases be conical. The degree of taper, i.e.

the ratio of the entry to the exit cross-section for a given Pipe length depends on the extent to which the increased friction losses are compared the total acceleration generated by the thrust of the nozzle 10a and the suction of the nozzle 10 i area of the pipe 2 remains negligible. Or in other words, the gain The speed of transport must not be offset by increased friction losses The finished, mixed with water and, if necessary, arrives in operation preconditioned concrete mix, i.e. mixed with the necessary additives into the funnel 6. If the mixture is too viscous, it will slide off evenly the mixture mass supported by shaking the funnel.

Contains you pre-heated mixture, cold-curing or thermoplastic Synthetic resin additions, the heat is generated by resistance heating or by Received high-frequency radiation at the feed hopper 6 and at the pre-accelerator tube 2. Of course, it is also conceivable to use steam, combustion gases or To make thermal oil with the help of heating coils, however, a sensitive thermostat control would be in the latter cases, it is less easy to manage than in one of the electrical heating methods.

As this is known to sicn and is not the subject of the invention as solo @ e are, their according to the invention consideration on the conveyed and injection g @ r @ t unr s @ far described in detail how it in the context of the explanation the overall invention is required.

Such a special device on the conveying and spraying device is in itself uncomplicated and easy to understand for those skilled in the art, it is therefore graphical not shown specially. The interchangeable funnel comes with a Teflon insert provided, in which heating wires are embedded. These heating wires are for low voltage of about 40 V and lug through the Teflon insert at a distance of 10 to 30 cm, whereby the distance can increase towards the bottom of the funnel. One Similar arrangements can be made on the pre-accelerator pipe, but with the Difference, that here the heating insert is circular shaped together with the pre-accelerator must be flanged to the ejection cone at 6a. At a temperature around 1000C there is no need to worry about the concrete mass drying out, because the soaking time is only brief and evaporating water cannot escape.

A similar arrangement is obtained with high-frequency heating. In contrast to the aforementioned radiant heating, in which the heat input Continuing from the outside to the inside, this goes into high-frequency heating reverse direction. Di warm becomes inside, i.e. ii core of the funnel Or you generate mortar flow transported by pipe and move from the inside to the outside. The intense high-frequency electric field effect is special in this case advantageous because the available residence time of the mixture comparatively is low and radiant heating could only be effective in the outer zones. The high-frequency heating can be capacitive with a capacitor field or inductive with applied to a field of study; the former is an additional device more for the feed hopper, the latter for the special design of the pre-accelerator suitable.

The one pressed by the screw conveyor 4 into the pre-accelerator pipe 2 Concrete or mortar mix experiences its first additional acceleration through the from the ring nozzle 10a exiting air, the pressure of which is reduced to about 2.0 to 2.5 atu is. The compact flow of material emerging from the spout 9a is torn and strong accelerated and arrives in about the second half of the pre-accelerator tube cien suction of the second compressed air gas 10, where under the snub the with approx. 5 to 6 Atü entering air is accelerated to its final speed.

In the event of a clogging on the pressure side, well-known not d # provided pressure regulator in the air lines 3 and 3a that between the nozzles 10 and 10a a pressure equalization takes place and the screw conveyor 4 instantaneously is stopped.

By then in the discharge cone of the nozzle 10a from the screw conveyor The screw itself is protected from the effects of a pressure rack blow largely safe, because on the mortar plug both in and against aie conveying direction the same pressures act. To restart after the malfunction has been eliminated, press simply twisting the discharge cone of the luef-- 1C increases the ring nozzle width, so that a larger amount of air can set the plug in motion. Is the mixture delivery restarted, the nozzle is reset to the normal opening width.

At the end of the spraying operation, it is customary for the purpose of cleaning to blow through the pipe and hose system with rough gravel, which causes the screw conveyor is exposed to heavy wear.

It is therefore proposed in a further embodiment of the invention, the pre-accelerator pipe with a pressure vessel (not shown in the drawing) which of the Ronr by a simple shut-off device, e.g. a sliding flap, can be locked. The snap flap is expediently used as one at the top, i.e. towards the chippings, nin curved half-roll is formed, which Has, that when the flap is closed, the grit does not have to be displaced to the outside. Rather, the flap pushes through under the grit, s @ da @ the remote-controlled one The actuation mechanism only has to overcome the friction and is accordingly small can be interpreted.

The above-mentioned device is also particularly advantageous for spraying operations, Here si @@ makes an expected blockage in the nozzle operator by @@ leicnte Violations noticeable on the shower door.

With the assistance of the remote control we. the concrete @@ splintered goods supplied, the @ by its cleaning effect beseltig the danger of clogging @.

Taken together, the combination of two according to the invention is carried out a @erbe @@@@ l @@ lgerrchr connected compressed air nozzles the possibilities to @ie bisrer To dispense with the necessary screw conveyor in the feed hopper, this in turn it is m @ glicn, different funnel shapes adapted to the respective environmental conditions to be mounted on the conveyor and exchanged for each other in a few simple steps, A wide variety of concrete mixes can therefore be used with the same machine be splashed; different types of machines have been used for those who have so far been used had to.

Claims (10)

Patent / protection claims: 1. Conveying and spraying equipment for concrete mixes, especially for fiber, Light aggregate and / or plastic-concrete mixtures, with a horizontal delivery pipe and a screw conveyor rotatably mounted therein and a feed hopper, as well as with a compressed air ring nozzle attached to the discharge end of the delivery pipe, d a d u r c h g ek e n n n z e i c h n e t that the annular nozzle (10a) in a cylindrical or the pre-accelerator tube (c), which is slightly conical in the conveying direction, ends, which in turn another compressed air ring nozzle (10) equal to or corresponding to the conicity of the The pre-accelerator tube is screwed on with a slightly reduced cross-section, to which. then the Spritzachlauen connects in a known manner. 2. Conveying and spraying device according to claim 1, d a d u r ¢ h g e -k It is noted that the feed hopper (6) can be easily replaced on the Conveyor pipe (1) is attached. 3. Conveyor and Spritzg @ rät according to claim 1 or 2, d a d u r c h it is not noted that the feed hopper (*) is pressure-tight with a lid can be closed and the cover connecting devices iUr a compressed air line having. 4. conveying and spraying device according to claims 1 to 3, d a d u r c h e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the feed hopper (6) with a mechanical or electromagnetic vibrator (7) is provided. 5. conveying and spraying device according to claims 1 to 4, d a d u r c h e k e k e n n n n e i n e t that the feed hopper can be heated. 6. Conveyor and Spritzger @ t according to one or more of the claims 1 Di8 5, a a d u r c h e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that one or both of the compressed air ring nozzles (10, 1ta) have a continuously adjustable nozzle ring gap. 7. conveyor and spray device according to claim 6, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c 1 n e t, aaij for the purpose of annular gap adjustment of the discharge cone with a Union thread (5) rotatably attached to the wall of the Luftsammelrau @ s (11, 11a) and is thus axially displaceable with respect to the nozzle nozzle (9, 9a). 8. Conveyor and scoring device according to one or more of the claims 1 to 6, which is d u r g e e n g e n e d e t, which the pre-accelerator @ ear (2) Connected via a shut-off device to a grit container under air pressure is. 9. Conveyor and spray device according to one or more of the claims 1 bie 8, d 8 d u r c h e k e n n e i c h n e t that the pre-accelerator pipe (2) is heatable. 10. Conveyor and spray device according to one or more of the claims 1 to a, g e k e n n z e i c h I1 e t d u r a h Pressure regulator in the air inlets (3 3a), which in the event of overpressure in the drive of the conveyor son corner (4) or depending on the setting, shut off the air supply. L e r s e i t e