DE2061655C3 - Electrophotographic recording material - Google Patents

Description

2. Recording material as claimed in claim 1, in which other substrates are transferred.

characterized in that there is a 0.1 to 10 μΐη to the electrophotographically active substances

thick intermediate layer contains substances in both crystalline and in

3. Recording material according to claim 1, in the amorphous state. Among them, for example, plays that characterized in that the intermediate layer has a particularly important role and amorphous selenium between 0.1 and 48 percent by weight of crystallization therefore has a wide range of practical uses, containment inhibitor As a metastable substance, amorphous selenium has that

4. Recording material according to claim 1, endeavor, under certain conditions - about at characterized in that the intermediate layer »» higher temperatures - in the crystalline Zuals Arsenic and / or anti-crystallization inhibitors to pass over.

mon and / or phosphorus contains Crystallized selenium has a very much small-

5. Recording material according to claim 1, ren electrical resistance as selenium in the amorphous characterized in that it is in a roughened state and therefore does not allow sufficient The th layer support contains 93 high and sufficiently slow settling in the dark

6. Recording material according to claim 5, to build up surface charge on the layer. Because of that characterized in that the support is generally used for semi-crystallized selenium between 0.1 and 25 μτη, preferably between electrophotographic purposes and not used 1 and S μτη, contains deep roughnesses one is also striving for the conversion

7. Recording material according to Claim 1, 30 of amorphous selenium in crystallized form, if possible thereby characterized in that the crystalline ability to prevent.

Layer as a crystallization promoter thallium or on the other hand, there are aspects that the Ver

contains a halogen. application of crystallized selenium layers

seem desirable. Then crystallize-35 tes selenium in contrast to selenium in the amorphous

_ was also in the long-wave part of the visible spec-

• stretches above 600 mn photoelectrically emp

If it is sensitive, this part of the spectrum can also be made usable when it is used. Special

The invention relates to an electrophotographic 40 which appears to be advantageous in a combination Recording material with a layer support and of amorphous and crystallized selenium. There one two photoconductive layers containing selenium, such layer in both blue and red one of which is crystalline and the second is amorphous. Is sensitive to the spectral range, a

Electrophotographic processes and devices have high integral photosensitivity
The production of such partially crystallized layer duplication technology, e.g. B. for office copies, x-raying can be used both through temperature control in genographic imaging processes or electrical production and through subsequent temstatic printing processes. They are based on perarur treatment controlled. You can rely on the property of the photoconductive material, for. B. choose the manufacturing conditions so that in exposure to an activating radiation the 50 the amorphous selenium layer to change many small crystals eineelectric resistance and are stored electrical or that on a substrate to dissipate a charge at the exposed areas. Multi-layer arrangement is generated, in which at least

As photoconductive substances are, for example, selenium, a star crystallized and an amorphous selenium-sulfur, Zinc oxide or mixtures of such substances are present.

or also organic substances such as anthracene, 55 A disadvantage of all previously known combination polyvinyl carbazoles or phthalocyanines, known systems is that even at low temperatures. temperature, such as room temperature, due to the

The photoconductive layer is applied to an electrolyte presence of crystallization nuclei on a reinforced Irish conductive carrier, which is usually given the possibility of crystallization and this form of a flat plate or a cylindrical drum is therefore formed through the entire photosensitive layer and is made of metal, how about wandering through. The amorphous selenium aluminum, or an insulator with a conductive layer, is finally converted into crystallized selenium to the extent that the surface, such as glass with a transparent layer, can be used for electrophotographic purposes or made of paper ,
can. 65 The object of the invention is to provide an electrophoto-

By generating an electrical charge, graphic recording material with two photographic and to indicate exposure to an activating radiation-conducting layers, one of which is critical one is latent stallin and a second glassy amorphous on the photoconductive layer, and that

thus the known advantageous expansion of the recording material is provided by

to promote and facilitate the spectral sensitivity range over the whole of additional measures,

Visible spectrum has, in which at the same time one achieves that the conditions for the

but certainly a writer crystallization of the later application, e.g. for vapor deposition, the

crystalline layer into the amorphous layer into S amoiphen layer no longer with regard to a

is avoided. Formation of crystallization of the crystalline layer,

This task will be able to be done with a single electrophotographic but independently

see recording material with a layer substrate and then chosen so that the germs

and two photoconductive, selenium-containing shift formation within the amorphous layer as far as

one of which is crystalline and the second amorphous »possibly avoided.

is solved according to the invention in that there is between If, for example, the crystallized partial layer

the kstallien and the amorphous layer is adjacent to the carrier plate, it is advantageous that the

Amorphous selenium vapor deposition conditions containing congestion inhibitors in the production of the layer

Intermediate layer contains to be chosen so that the layer from the sub-layer With the inventive 15 crystallization is achieved. In general, the document is attached Drawing material that already many nucleation-promoting Layer her tein progression of crystallization contained in changing centers. By an additional

the amorphous layer takes place in it more and on a slight roughening of the surface it can be

in this way the original properties of the number multiply still further and accordingly

amorphous and the crystallized layer obtained *> facilitate crystallization from the base,

remain, i.e. in particular the electrophotographic For this roughening, a surface roughness of

Sensitivity to the extent of the original spec- 0.1 to 25 µm, preferably 1 to 5 µm, as appropriate

central area even during a longer period of time. A suitably chosen document

service life core restriction experience temperature and an appropriately selected opening

The main part of the amorphous layer still remains as the vapor rate becomes the crystallization of the substrate

Free of crystallization inhibitors, because the addition is also further promoted. Finally, it is

of crystallization inhibitors to a thin intermediate also advantageous, hi-k iatallization through additives,

layer between the crystalline and the, for example, thallium or halogens,

amorphous layer remains limited and there- fore to ease.

by advantageous from the previously known application. The figure shows a partially schematic diagram of crystallization inhibitors position distinguishes an embodiment for the invention

For the intermediate slide according to the invention, electrophotographic recording material according to

a layer thickness of about 0.1 to 10 μm advantageously rial. On a carrier plate 1, for example from

proven. Aluminum or glass with a transparent elec-

The change in the concentration of the crystallization-conductive tin dioxide layer consists and inhibits the transition from the intermediate layer, the surface 2 of which is possibly slightly roughened to the amorphous layer, is either abrupt, there is a layer of crystallized, whereby the high concentration of the crystallization Selenium 3, which is optionally provided with a crystallization inhibitor that ensures further crystallization, such as thallium
The layer of crystallized selenium 3 carries a further thin intermediate layer from the intermediate layer to that of crystallization amorphous selenium 4, the amorphous layer free with crystal inhibitors, according to the invention, by the lization inhibitors, for example with arsenic, provided. Concentration of the crystallization inhibitor is continuous. On the thin intermediate layer 4 is borrowed and / or in stages to low values up to zero 45 another amorphous, drops of crystallization inhibitors. free layer 5.

As a suitable substance for the recording according to the invention, once again possible recording material are possible has, for example, selenium production process for the electric meadows according to the invention, written either in elemental form or as photographic recording material. Selenium compound or as an alloy with selenium 50 To produce a crystallized selenium layer is applied and that both the amorphous and is, for example, initially at one temperature can form the crystalline layer. below about 70 ° C an amorphous selenium layer

As a crystallization inhibitor, for example, the

arsenic, antimony or phosphorus or a gel on it through an intermediate annealing step in one

Mixing of these substances has proven its share in the 55 temperature range of about 100 to 120 ° C in the

photoconductive layer is converted from the particular type of crystallized modification. on

Dopant dependent. For example, this crystallized layer has to be then after Arsenic, an addition of up to about 48%, is advantageous, and the temperature is reduced to below 70 ^° C. again

grasslands. In addition, of course, the amorphous layers - more appropriately -

amorphous as well as in crystallized selenium still 60 wise also by vapor deposition - applied,

other common dopants may be present, such as the commonly used overall layer

those that have the conductivity that reaches the spectral sensitivity from about 10 to 300 μΐη,

possibility, the residual potential, the fatigue, the loss of

rubbed, the adhesive strength or other properties of the method for the electrophoto-

influence. 65 graphic recording material is applied to the

Another embodiment of the inventive support of the photoconductive layer is the selenium of Recording material consists in the crystallization in advance at a temperature above about

sation in a layer, for which the crystallized form is applied 7O ⁰ C, for example evaporated again.

When the ^{substrate temperature is l} , o high, turintervaU separates to convert the first layer into

the evaporated selenium is carried out immediately in the crystallized the crystallized modification,

th shape. As described above, the production of the with crystallization inhibitors

The temperature is lowered below 70 ° C, and then an intermediate layer is provided - e.g. one with arsenic,

which the amorphous layers on the crystallized 5 provided amorphous selenium layer - the

Layer applied so-called flash evaporation as expedient In order to produce the crystallized layer: it has been shown, which is then used with advantage in particular.

proved to be particularly advantageous, at the same time as the det, when an alloy or a mixture of

Sslendampf also crystallization promoters, e.g. B. Thal components with very different steam

lium or halogens, which both result from io pressure from a common evaporation source

to be vaporized from a common source as well as from separate sources. But it is also possible to use the

Sources for the selenium and the crystallization promoters photoconductors and the crystallization inhibitor

can happen. With simultaneous application of substance from different evaporation

Crystallization promoters develop together with the selenium sources, with those listed above

15 Example selenium arsenic either from the pure com-

at a lower temperature or at a shorter temperature, selenium and arsenic or selenium and one

time to produce the crystallized modification. This selenium-arsenic compound is assumed

is particularly desirable if the one provided with crystallization inhibitors in one

first all selenium layers, namely intermediate layer a sufficient layer thickness

holds the first layer intended for crystallization ao, d. H. is about 0.1 to 10 μΐη strong, will

as well as the amorphous, with crystallization inhibitors the third photoconductive layer made of amorphous selenium

provided intermediate layer and optionally applied This layer consists of either

finally also the amorphous, crystallization selenium, which is free from crystallization inhibitors, or

inhibit free third layer one after the other from selenium, its proportion of crystallization inhibitors

are brought and only then the tempering step at as continuously and / or gradually to lower

same temperature or a low temperature value drops to zero

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (1)

1 '2 electrical charge pattern that corresponds to the optical Bfld Claims: corresponds to the exposed areas namely such an early stage of the conductivity of the photo- l.Electrophotographic recording material- conductive layer held that the electrical charge rial nut one layer support and two photoconductive S over the conductive support - at least partially, capable, selenium-containing layers, of which in any case stronger than on the unexposed Steleine crystalline and the second is amorphous because it can flow off, while on the unexposed one characterized in that it essentially earths the electrical charge between points crystalline and amorphous layers remain a holdea; she can with a picture powder, a Amorphous toners containing crystallization inhibitors, made visible and the de-selenium intermediate layer finally contains a toner image on paper or erne