DE2054641A1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

You invention relates to a heat exchanger for Heating liquids, especially water, with steam or hot Gaae ^ consisting of an in at least one tube plate anchored and a tube bundle that opens there with a large number of individual tubes, one provided with steam inlets and outlets, elongated steam chamber jacket, at the very least a lake is closed with a tube plate, the tubes of which the steam chamber delimited by the steam chamber element enforce and with their mouths provided in the tube plate with one on the voa of Steam chamber located on the remote side of the tube plate, provided with water supply and drainage lines and water chamber enclosed by a water chamber jacket stay in contact.

In thermal power plants, especially in nuclear technology,

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OfUGlNAL .HSPECTED

heat exchangers are old constantly increasing heat exchange surfaces required, which a considerable The overall length has, among other things, the necessary space requirement small su hold, there is a hereditary need for heat exchangers, which have a large heat exchange surface with a relatively small overall length.

With conventional tube bundle ¥ ¥ ärmeaustauschhera occur in the tube plate separating the primary part from the secondary part to considerable worm stresses, since. the unsupervised Edge zones of the plate for temperature fluctuations of the by setting the robre of the flowing medium slower than the celebrated middle part. This in particular at the Tensions occurring on the surface of the tube plate have a detrimental effect on the connection of the Robre old Plate and on the connection of the plate ait dea surrounding Housing from.

The aim of the invention let it be a heat exchanger see below sohaffen, who defies a large heat exchange area possbly small overall length and with dea gleiobeiten the thermal stresses arising from the tube sheet are kept as small as possible.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

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the water chamber jacket the end of the steam chamber jacket provided with the tube plate is bell-shaped with a spacing overlaps and the water inlet and outlet on the arranged overarching part of the water chamber jacket are.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention

both the steam chamber and water chamber have an in " essential "ylindri cross-section. '

Further details and features of the invention result can be derived from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings, which represent a preferred one For example, illustrate embodiments of the invention and contrast with a conventional heat exchanger.

SeIgenι in the drawings VIg. 1 a lttngssohnitt through one end of a

köumllohen heat exchanger ρ » 71g. 2 a longitudinal section through one end of a

inventive heat exchanger and Flg. 3 shows another type of welded connection on a heat exchanger according to the invention.

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In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are provided with the same tag.

The heat exchangers essentially consist of a steam chamber 1 surrounded by a cylindrical jacket 2 and an adjoining water chamber 3 » which is limited by a dumbbell 4. Between the steam chamber 1 and the water chamber 3 there is one Tube plate 5 in which the tube bundle formed from many tubes 6 is anchored so that the tubes 6 into the water chamber 3 open.

The water chamber 3 is divided in the middle by a partition 9 into an inlet and an outlet part, the with a feed water inlet 7 with a feed water outlet 8 are connected

The end face of the water chamber jacket 4 is designed as a bottom 1O ₁ which can be fluffy or arched and has two opening openings 11, 11 'through which a rope of the water chamber 3 is accessible. The inspection openings 11 can be closed by covers.

A steam inlet opening 12 is located in the steam chamber jacket 2 for the supply of heating steam into the steam chamber and

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a condensate outlet opening 13 for the condensate drain intended.

At the In Pig. 1 shown conventional heat exchanger construction, the water chamber 3 has the same outer diameter as the steam chamber 1. The water chamber jacket 4 is old on the side of the tube plate 5 λ facing it. Since the feed water inlet 7 and the feed water outlet 8 take place in the radial direction, the corresponding nozzles must be attached between the tube plate 5 and the base 10. In this way, the water chamber 3 has a considerable expansion in length, whereby the heat exchanger has a large structural length. In addition, the mutual influence of the weld seams 13 ¹ must be taken into account in the sense of increasing the structural length.

In the heat exchanger according to the invention according to Pig. 2 Waeserkamaermantel 4 overlaps bell-shaped with the distance provided to the tube plate 5 end of the steam chamber 1. This projects into the water chamber 3 into the extent that the smooth running of the water flow is not disturbed duroh deflection losses. The part of the water chamber jacket 4 which extends over the steam chamber jacket 2 is more expediently designed to be cylindrical. He's been so long

BAD ORiCiNAL

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2054647

measure that the radially exiting feedwater inlet and Speisewasseraustrltt 8 taking into account the mutual interference of the weld seams sufficient Find Plats. Hs this syllndrlsehen will fur the overall length of the heat exchanger is shorter than for traditional constructions. .

The feed water entering through the Spelsewasserelntritt 7 flows on the outer surface of the tube plate supporting end of the Dempfkammermantele 2 along and enters the mouths of the tubes 6 * On its way through the tube bundle, the feed water is heated and occurs in the old connected to the feedwater outlet β upper part of the water chamber 3 again. The flow direction is reduced in the direction of the feedwater outlet 8 deflected, so that auoh at the feed water outlet 8 the area of the cylindrical shell of the water chamber jacket 4 lying Bttde of the Dampfkamaerwantele 2 and the tube plate 5 is wrapped around by the feed water. They washed around Ropes take on the temperature of the feed water, so that no significant temperature differences are wiped out the tube plate 5 and the parts of the steam chamber jacket 2 adjoining this occur. This will be the WaTmesspannungen usual in conventional heat exchangers in the tube plate 5 and the bewixacten as a result

ßAD.ORiejNAL. .

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Loosening of the pipe anchorages in the pipe plate 5 avoided.

In addition, there are thermal stresses in the chamber jacket 2 reduced in that the end of the steam chamber jacket 2 connected to the tube plate 5 has free expansion lengths. The one in the conventional construction existing tight clamping of this end in the water ™

Chamber jacket 4 is due to the inventive arrangement the water chamber 3 in favor of a free Yerschieblichkeit canceled.

The water chamber jacket 4 is attached to the steam chamber jacket 2 via a connecting flange 14. This can be designed as a prefabricated forged or whale piece in the form that a cylinder piece 15 that can be welded into the steam chamber jacket 2 is designed in the form of an annular cup on its surface facing the M water chamber jacket 4 is. The free edge of the ring cup and the edge of the water chamber casing 4 abut one another and are connected to one another by the weld seam 13 '.

The connecting flange 14 can also according to FIG ring-shaped gain «DaVei lot die Itinentohxv.ag

BAO ORIGINAL 209821/0191

The ring is welded to the outer surface of the steam chamber jacket. The outer edge of the annular connecting flange 14 is cranked in the direction of the water chamber jacket 4 and is connected to it by ^{means of the weld seam 13 l.}

Hit the arrangement of the Wasa chamber 3 according to the invention all known types of heat exchangers can be supported. For example, all sorts of things. In particular, the square and rectangular cross-son forms conceivable «All common heat exchangers can also be used with regard to the choice of tube bundles with the arrangement of the water chamber 3 according to the invention be equipped; namely with U-tube heat exchangersa only on one side of the steam chamber 1, with straight tube bundles on both sides of the steam chamber 1 · Also the Type of steam flow influenced by the tube bundle not the possibility of the invention arrangement the water chamber 3 to be provided at one or both ends of the steam chamber. Ea does not come up either Frequency of deflection of the steam flow between steam entry 12 and condensate outlet 13 still depend on whether the tube bundle - as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 -, flows crosswise or in another direction.

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Finally, for the use of the heat exchanger according to the invention, it does not matter whether the heat-emitting medium flows through the tubes 6 or flows around the outer surfaces of the tubes 6. Thus, the heat exchanger according to the invention can also be used for the production or overheating of steam with the aid of a hot liquid passed through the tube bundle. Especially in nuclear power plants !! is this kind of like heat exchangers often use.

6AD OAiGiNAL 209821/0191

Claims (2)

- ίο - claims. 1.Heat exchanger for heating liquids, in particular water, with steam or hot gases, consisting of one in at least one tube plate anchored and there with a multitude of individual tubes opening into the bundle of tubes, one with steam supply and drainage provided, elongated steam chamber jacket, at least on one side with a Tube plate is complete, the tubes of which penetrate the steam chamber bounded by the steam chamber jacket and with their mouths provided in the tube plate with one on the one remote from the steam chamber Side of the tube plate arranged, old Waseerzu- and -Directions provided and from a water chamber jacket enclosed water chamber in connection, characterized in that the water chamber jacket (4) the end of the steam chamber jacket provided with the tube plate (5) (2) overlaps bell-shaped at a distance and the water inlet (7) and drainage (8) on the overlapping part of the water chamber jacket (4) are arranged. 2. Heat exchanger naoh Anspruoh 1, characterized in that that the steam chamber (1) and water chamber (3) have a substantially cylindrical cross-section. 209821/0181