DE2046207A1 - Device for carrying and positio ren of patients - Google Patents

Description

2046207 Patent attorney Dipl.-Phys. Gerhard Liedl 8 Munich 22 Steinsdorfstr. 21-22 Tel. 29 84

B 4732

James W, Pegrum, R, R. Nr.2, Carp, Ontario / Canada

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Douglas W, Whitfield, PO So :; 163, Stittsville, Ont./Canada

WEH / Here

10982A / 1Ü23

Device for carrying and positioning patients

The invention relates to a device for carrying and positioning from patients for therapeutic purposes. Such devices, especially couches, are used to Transporting patients to an irradiation machine and before especially to wear during treatment.

BATH ORIGINAL

Such devices are, for example, in Canadian patents 559 931, 571 136, 614 828, 792 865, 798,948 and 811 24-1 and in U.S. Patent 3,459,939 ■ described.

As the state of the art shows, the couches are usually mechanically separated from the treatment devices. While it is obviously necessary in such devices to provide a position control with which the position of the The lounger can be controlled relative to the treatment device, the degrees of freedom of the relative movement represent a compromise. These known devices in which the couch runs on rails or a rail-independent carriage and with Base bearings ("toe bearings") require at least five movements, namely a longitudinal, lateral and Vertical movement as well as an isosenter and overhead rotation. However, this leads to a complicated structure, additional troubles and a high manufacturing cost. The vertical movement is limited to less than half the maximum height of the bed and the lowest position is for treatments too high with a large radiation field. Since the base camps have to free space for the lounger, the axis of rotation is of the irradiation head unnecessarily high. In addition, a free space must sometimes be provided for the base camp camp carrier will. Since it's necessary the size and amount of the den Sideways movement is limited to set a meaningful limit in the facilities surrounding the patient.

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The presence of a base camp also means that the The only way to create space is "to completely loosen and remove the bed. This .bedeu + et however, that screws, electrical cables and automatic control devices must be loosened. It should hardly be necessary Be sure to mention that these loungers are extremely unmaneuverable.

The ideal system for carrying and positioning a patient would be a system "in which the patient is perfectly positioned is freely changeable and controllable and there are no obstacles around the patient, i.e. six freedom degrees and no solid supporting body - in other words: a free floating state.

Although this is theoretically possible, it is not very useful. One could approach this "for example by using air jets; the stability and control difficulties would be considerable, however, so that a more realistic one Solution must be tackled

The basic requirement for therapeutic treatments is a versatile and functional device with which the patient can be brought into a satisfactory treatment position leaves, whereby the patient should be as freely accessible as possible from all sides. The lounger itself is just that Means for this purpose.

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Even if this basic requirement is taken for granted may seem, it is an essential principle, because it is all too easy to get the attention focused on the couch as a machine and its main purpose, to position the patient, out of sight is lost.

Both theoretically and practically, there seem to be four degrees of freedom to be sufficient to position the patient. These four degrees of freedom are three translational movements and rotation around the vertical axis. Occasionally, "limited rotation about the longitudinal axis has been suggested; however, this does not seem to be necessary.

The object of the invention is to provide a device for carrying and positioning patients for therapeutic purposes to create, in which the floor space is better used, the treatment head is freely accessible and the automatic Control is more appropriate. This is achieved by the features specified in claim 1.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the cantilever arm is rotatable about a vertical axis and of variable length. This can be with the device according to the invention a carry out so-called R / THETA treatment.

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* ORIGINAL BATHROOM

In a further embodiment of the invention, the cantilever arm is designed to be articulated, which results in a straight-line method of treatment is possible.

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Connection with the device according to the invention can be used and has several wheels running on the floor, mounted on a frame, is characterized according to the invention by a column attached to the frame and extending upward from the frame and at least two horizontally projecting from the column, running parallel and has at a distance zueinajj € t € r arranged support prongs which for receiving e »de.

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The device according to the invention has the advantage that the vertical movement can be carried out better, that it is more accessible, that the patient can be taken down more easily, that the interchangeability of the couch is improved and the height of the couch is lower, and that the structural design simpler and the manufacturing costs are lower

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims

With the aid of the drawings, two preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail. Show it:

bad original

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment,

Figure 2 one of the PIg. 1 corresponding view of a second Execution example,

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1 shows a frame 1 which, if necessary, can be stored on a base plate (not shown). The frame 1 carries a carrier 2 with a counterweight, which in turn carries an irradiation head 3 and is rotatable about a horizontal axis HH. The overhead support unit 4 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1 about a vertical axis YV (angle Θ). The overhead support unit 4 has two parts 4o, 42 which are telescopically mounted in one another and slide, of which the outer part 4-2 carries a column 44, a support device 46 and a bed 5. The outer part 42 can be one or; be extended, whereby the value γοη R is reduced to · * · is increased. The column 44 consists of two telescoping parts 44a and 44b, with the aid of which the bed 5 can be arranged at various vertical distances from the irradiation head 3.

As can be seen from what has been said, the one shown in FIG Embodiment represents a system that as an R / THETA system

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BATH ORIGINAL

"is known. The angle θ can be increased to 90 degrees or more so that the bed and the irradiation head 3 can be made freely accessible. Furthermore, the arrangement shown offers the Uberkopf-Tra ^ unit 4 the possibility of a conventional The device shown can also be used in conjunction with loungers running on rails can be used.

The support device 46 is provided with two support prongs 48 which have the same spacing and the same dimensions as the support prongs ·? £ ■ a transport and treatment trolley », which is shown in χ. dag «« li have. The bed is provided with openings 52, 54 and 56 designed accordingly *; by appropriate selection of two mutually associated openings, the basic position of the bed 5 can be changed with respect to the radius R along the line hh.

In the technical jargon of radiation therapy, the term "isocenter" means that there are at least two axes of rotation that intersect at a common point. In Figure 1, the radiation axis is shown by the line T-T. Since the carrier 2 is rotatable about the axis H-H and since every point of the patient is rotated about the axis V-V can, point P is an isocenter.

While this exemplary embodiment enables R / THETA translation movements, it should now be shown that movements 4732 K flWi «· * ·» Jim

as a function of rectilinear coordinates also with success "carried out in a device according to the invention can be.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, only those components which differ from the components in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by reference numerals. Below the overhead support unit 4, a guide body 62 is rotatably mounted about an axis AA. A guide unit 6 has a first sliding guide, consisting of a section 64 slidably mounted in the guide body 62, and a second sliding guide, consisting of a guide section 66 , in which a carriage 68 is slidably mounted in the transverse direction.

In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2, the radiation axis TT coincides with the axis AA. A movement of the guide unit 6 in the directions 1-1 and tt results in a rectangular beam scan abcd. If the guide unit 6 is rotated about the axis AA and the same 1-1 and tt movements are carried out, a beam scan efgh is the result. A simple rotation of the guide unit about the axis AA without changing tt, but with different settings from 1-1, results in a circular beam scan K. In this case, an isocenter would ^{be obtained at P f.}

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Pig.2 shows a lower position in dash-dotted lines the couch 5, while both the Pig.1 and the Pig. 2 - different Show the lengthways positions of the bed.

Leave the R / SHETA embodiment example shown in Pig the following typical movements can be achieved:

a) Longitudinal movement hh: 76 cm or more direct movement and an additional 122 cm by using different pick-up points (52,54,56 etc.);

b) Sideways movement: Approximately 505 cm; small movements here are almost straight because of the long swivel arm;

c) Vertical movement (column 44): 91 cm or more for one Standard ceiling height of 2.90 m;

d) Rotation around the vertical (angle Θ): 24o ° immediate Rotation; a further 18o ° can be achieved using the mounting points provided on the right and left. Palis desired, can the axis of rotation can be arranged in the isocenter.

The advantages of the II / THETA embodiment are as follows: It will only take four movements to achieve four Price degrees used, which means optimal utilization. Second, the smallest possible number of trans movements - namely two - (in vertical and longitudinal

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direction) provided. Dieö simplifies the structure, since the Translational movements are structurally more difficult to achieve than rotary movements.

These two factors alone mean a reduction in costs Compared to the well-known loungers, as the movements cost money.

Since the vertical movement is relocated to one side of the bed, a limitation of the telescopic column is complete avoided. A vertical movement of at least 91 cm can be achieved, as opposed to the known loungers the applicant's vertical movements of a maximum of 39 cm were possible.

With a standard room height of 2.90 m, the size of the Vertical movement should be about four feet so that the bed could be lowered to the floor if necessary is. This offers the possibility of performing therapeutic treatments with a large radiation field.

Since there are no base camps, supports and rotating mechanisms on the If the ground is available, there need be no free space for the base camp, so that the axis of rotation of the radiation head can be arranged lower. Because the free space is used for an adjustable platform, the The axis of rotation can be arranged even lower.

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The sideways movement is approximately an arc of approximately three feet Overall length. Small movements occur approximately in a straight line.

There is practically no obstruction around the patient as the entire mechanism is arranged overhead and the patient is freely accessible.

When the control of the bed is set to its end positions, the bed swings to the rear or as desired Side wall, so that the entire floor space is completely freely accessible. This offers the opportunity to patients too treat on other beds. There are no screws, electrical connections or electrical cables needed.

In the embodiment shown in Pig.2, an additional side movement is provided, since the couch only one Can perform isocentric rotary motion; the attitude control therefore takes place along Cartesian coordinates and not along polar coordinates,

Otherwise, the device shown there is similar to the R / THETA bed with all its advantages.

Both embodiments are particularly suitable for automatic therapy with radioactive X-rays or

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other radiation sources

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Claims (11)

- 44-- Claims 1 A Device for carrying and positioning patients for therapeutic purposes, with at least one frame and a radiation or other treatment head which is attached to a carrier mounted on the frame, characterized by an overhead support unit which is only attached to the frame (1) " (4), which has a horizontally extending cantilever arm (4o, 42) arranged above the treatment head (3) and its support, a column (44) which is attached with its upper end to the side of the free end of the cantilever arm and extends from extends down there, and a support device (46, 48) attached to the lower end of the column (44) for carrying a bed (5). 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the overhead support unit (4) on the frame (1) is pivotable in this way is attached that the Kra.garm around a first vertical Axis (V-V) is rotatable. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cantilever arm (4o, 42) has a variable length. 4. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the cantilever arm has two articulated parts, one 4732, \ 109824/1023 BAD ORIQiNAL Λ ' Al outer and an inner part, and that the outer part of the cantilever arm about a second vertical axis (A-A), the passes through the hinge point and is substantially parallel to the first vertical axis (V-V) with respect to the inner one Part of the cantilever is rotatable. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the outer part of the cantilever arm has a first sliding guide with two parts (62,64) which can be displaced relative to one another, whose axis of movement essentially coincides with the axis of the outer part of the cantilever arm and in the same horizontal plane. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized by a second sliding guide with two parts (66,68) which can be moved relative to one another and whose axis of movement is essentially runs perpendicular to the axis of movement of the first sliding guide and lies in the same horizontal plane » 7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support device (46,4-8) at least has two spaced apart and parallel support prongs (48) which are used to accommodate the Serve the couch and protrude substantially horizontally from the lower end of the column (44). 4732 109824/1023 - te- - AH 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the bed (5) has a plurality of spaced apart, has parallel openings (52,54,56) which extend across the entire width of the bed, so that the support prongs (48) can each be pushed into two associated openings in the bed, Transport and treatment vehicles (7) with a vertically arranged, upwardly projecting column (72), of which two spaced-apart support prongs (79) horizontally protrude at the same distance as the support prongs protruding from the column (44) of the overhead support unit and optionally in two unoccupied openings (52,54,56) the bed (5) can be pushed in. 10. Transport and treatment trolleys, especially for one Device according to one of the preceding claims, with several wheels running on the ground, mounted on a frame, marked drarch one attached to the frame and pillar (72) extending upwards from the frame and at least two horizontally protruding from the pillar, running in parallel and carrying tines (79) arranged at a distance from one another, which serve to hold the bed z # x 11. Transport and treatment trolley according to claim 1o, characterized characterized in that the column (72) can be extended vertically ⁴⁷³² 109824/1023 BATH Blank page