DE20315237U1 - Climate control system particularly for use on omnibuses is built into roof and has modular structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The climate control system [4] is built into the roof of the vehicle and has air drawn in by a series of fans [16]. Built into this are a number of heat exchangers with expansion units and evaporators [14]. Internal channels [12] are provided for the flow of the conditioned air. The fans are produced as modules with connections to the high pressure heat exchangers.

Description

The The invention relates to an on-roof air conditioning system for a vehicle, especially a bus. In particular, it will be considered Land vehicles, among these especially commercial vehicles. General is doing so to the needs of parked and non-rail commercial vehicles parked. Main application case are rooftop air conditioners on buses.

A Such on-roof air conditioning with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known from US-A 4,679,616. In this known rooftop air conditioning is the entire high-pressure side heat exchange device with associated fan device in a separate housing summarized as a first module. A second module represents the entire evaporator device, below under generalization Also called evaporation device, with associated blowers. It is not intended, these two modules in turn subdivided into modules. It is only intended to disassemble one of these modules, to remount another of these modules, one of these modules replace or the entire rooftop air conditioner of such to assemble two modules. Otherwise, in conventional The construction of the rooftop air conditioner according to the needs of the specified vehicle. In particular, it is not thought similar modules for different performance requirements of different vehicles apply. It is also not considered in the field of high-pressure side heat exchange device on the one hand or in the area of the evaporation device on the other hand several modules of each type, or even graduated in terms of performance or the same modules. The achievable through the module structure Rationalization effect therefore remains relatively small.

Of the Invention is generally the object of an on-roof air conditioning to further rationalize with the features of the preamble of claim 1, being first paid special attention to the high-pressure side heat exchange device becomes. This is a subcritical operation around a condenser and at a supercritical Operation around a gas cooler (see also claim 29).

These general object is solved by the features of claim 1.

The The invention is based on the knowledge that the high-pressure side heat exchange device both from the point of view of manufacturing costs and space requirements on the roof of the vehicle compared to the other components the on-roof air conditioning has a prominent importance. From this In the context of the invention, knowledge is derived from the dimensioning of the high-pressure side heat exchange device in dependence to make the vehicle type. It is rather the main focus to simplify manufacturing, warehousing and delivery of modular elements, in the context of the invention also Modules called to lay. Ideally, only one will only type of module for the construction of the high-pressure side heat exchange device used. Such a module then has, irrespective of the type of construction of a vehicle type, e.g. of a coach, a minimal interpretation at least in relation to Rated power and pressure loss and preferably also in terms Construction and dimensioning of all components. For higher demand rated power is then made according to the requirements of a modular composition such uniformly standardized modules. The idea of the invention is geometrically particularly vivid when at least two similar such modules are interconnected. But even if only one such module is used, is the inventive idea already met when this module the said modular kit comes, which also for the construction of high-pressure side Heat exchange equipment for example, twice the rated power by coupling two equal Modules can find application. This is not to be confused with the construction method of the mentioned Prior art, from which the invention proceeds, always only a single module for the high-pressure side heat exchange device to use this module but for to redesign and design every type of vehicle and thus not modular for different To provide vehicle types.

The purest type of rooftop air conditioning system according to the invention is then, if available only in the kit for high-pressure side heat exchange devices of different rated power modules with the same power, of which, depending on the desired rated power at least a Mo module, in other cases, two and more modules of the same type with each other like a grid be coupled. However, the invention also does not preclude inclusion in the modular system of the provided modules for high-pressure side heat exchange devices parked on different nominal power different basic modules, which may represent, for example, in terms of power integer multiples of nominal power smallest base module or otherwise graded according to practical requirements in terms of performance. In all cases, however, the objective is to offer in the kit of these modules at most a small number of modules of different rated power. How later is still clear in detail, one can get along practically for all requirements in buses with modules for the high-pressure heat exchange device with at most three types of modules of different rated power, which can be designed even in the same geometrical external dimensions beyond (for the latter case see claim 16 ).

at A vehicle of a general kind is usually the one for assembly an on-roof air conditioning available surface the roof in the longitudinal direction the vehicle much longer as in the width direction of the vehicle. This usually applies to buses. Already from this point of view it is recommended, with modular connection several modules make this coupling in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Accordingly, then those on the module from the outset or to be provided in the coupling coupling elements according to a to arrange such coupling. The coupling elements can thereby be multiple. In addition to couplings of any kind can also be, for example soldered joints, welds, Fittings or riveting be provided.

Of the Thought to provide the coupling of the modules in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, contains however not only this general point of view, but also under Consideration of the extension geometry of the module on the roof still special become. So the module can basically have any shape of a base surface, which the area of the vehicle roof occupies. A special case would be a square one Footprint. Most of the time the module will have an elongated base surface, then usually the basic form of a square or rounded rectangle Has. The idea of coupling modules in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle then would also the possibility of thinking contain the modules of the high-pressure side heat exchange device across the longitudinal axis to arrange the vehicle roof and thereby the coupling in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle side by side. By far preferred However, an arrangement in which the base surface of the module is elongated is and the longitudinal axis of the module with the longitudinal axis of the vehicle or its upper roof surface coincides either runs parallel to it or at least predominantly longitudinal of the vehicle is oriented.

Of the The idea of the invention is above In addition, with regard to the decision, for the air conditioning Use round tubes or flat tubes. It is rather preferred (Claim 5), which in the module anyway existing housing the high-pressure side heat exchange device so that the guide of the internal refrigerant either round tubes or flat tubes are installable. This opens the Possibility, the module in the construction kit or in the delivery warehouse of the manufacturer or dealer only as a semi-finished part and to leave it to the customer, whether he depends on his requirements round tubes or flat tubes for use on Want to use vehicle. This concludes not that, too already from manufacturer side for large series Round tubes or flat tubes are installed from the outset.

The Rooftop air conditioner according to the invention is Their basic structure is based on the fact that the air to be conditioned chilled should be (see the elements of claim 1). In the sense of general However, the meaning of the term air conditioning can also be the rooftop air conditioning system according to the invention for an optional use as a heating system for to be air-conditioned Air be further developed by also providing a heating device for warming contains the air to be conditioned. A structurally preferred arrangement shows claim 7. It is thereby of the common Technology as the main design option assumed a heat transfer in usual Way available to put, mostly from the cooling circuit an internal combustion engine of the vehicle. Should this not exist be, or for other reasons, But you can also, for example, an electric heater or install one as a general supplement.

If only one type of module of the high-pressure side heat exchange device is used, have the modules from the outset because of their mass production same Base surfaces. However, if in the ready-made kit in the already discussed Way provided several modules of different rated power are sought in the Coupling grid on the roof of the vehicle at least some, preferably all, modules arranged at least each with the same longitudinal extension length are. Particular reference is made to those already discussed preferred case that the modules are elongated and formed with its longitudinal axis along the Vehicle axle or its roof are oriented or in particular coincide with this or are parallel with this. It stays not the possibility excluded, but is even preferred that in the grid at least some, preferably all, modules each have the same transverse extension length.

Each rooftop air conditioning system according to the invention also has the internal duct arrangement for guiding air to be conditioned. Preferred in the context of the invention is a construction in which the - optionally in turn made modular with its own housing - internal channel arrangement separately provided by the module of the high-pressure side heat exchange device and is connected to the side of this. However, the invention also does not exclude an even greater integration solution of the module of the high-pressure side heat exchange device, wherein at least a portion of the inner channel assembly is also included in the module of the high-pressure side heat exchange device, preferably also with an evaporation device in the module of the high-pressure side heat exchange device may be included. This latter possibility is again not to be confused with the idea that per vehicle type an on-roof air conditioning system is made as a unit, which can then also call module and mount on vehicles of the same type in series after prefabrication. It is in this case again only in the sense of the invention thought to have in the kit at the same nominal power and expediently also on the same pressure loss parked units, which when more than a minimum power is required, as modules are grid-like coupled or if, from the outset, the rated power is to be provided in smaller units, then they are originally arranged in coupling on the roof of the vehicle.

Independently of, whether the evaporation device in the module of the high-pressure side Heat exchange device is included or not, it is appropriate that the evaporation device is arranged laterally from the inner channel arrangement, resulting in each Case a cheap one Area distribution of On-roof air conditioning results.

at a preferred embodiment is or are the evaporation device and / or the inner channel device for themselves each with its own housing module educated. It is conceivable, for all modules different Rated power of a high-pressure side heat exchange device for the inner Channel device or at least a portion thereof and / or the evaporation device to provide only a single module. In the context of the invention but is just at this point for Schafffung high modular flexibility in construction the entire rooftop air conditioning system provided such a development, in the case of the evaporation device in turn only in purposeful few power levels is provided and so depending on the design the whole on-roof air conditioning an appropriate choice from the entire modular system of all modules is present. This general Thought (see claim 12) can then be further developed be (see claim 16), that at the module of the high-pressure side heat exchange device and / or in modules of the evaporation device expedient whose whole other Structure remains the same and the gradation according to rated power preferably exclusively or essentially by choosing a respectively adapted number of identical fan units in the module of the high pressure side heat exchange device or blower units in the evaporation device selectable is. The respective modules are prepared so that the same Types of blower or Fan units, that differ only in terms of performance, used in a relatively small varying number in the module are or can even be retrofitted under rated power change. This thought allows it, all rated power ratings of heat exchange performance or evaporator performance with the same external design the graduated modules concerned only inside them.

It has already been mentioned that appropriate the high-pressure side heat exchange device or their module in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. In development of this idea is appropriate provided (cf claim 17) that also the evaporation device and at least a portion of the inner channel order respectively in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle or the module of the high-pressure side heat exchange device extends or extend, which is particularly favorable, although the evaporation device and at least a portion of the inner channel assembly modular are constructed.

Regardless of whether now the inner channel assembly and the evaporation device in turn are arranged modular or not, in which case they occupy, especially in the transverse direction, a separate section, you can by special geometry of Aufdachklimaanlage in the transverse direction of the vehicle in the sense of claims 13 to 15 still make an adjustment to the curved course of the roof of the vehicle in the transverse direction. Namely, if the various modules or only corresponding arrangement portions in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle have running or oriented joints or coupling lines, this allows at least a pair of transversely adjoining sections, modules or sequences of sections and modules with respect to the horizontal or to arrange angled with respect to the adjacent portion or the adjacent module, in the entire transverse direction even a multiple bend can take place, which follows the rounding or other bending of the mounting surface on the roof of the vehicle or at least adapted to this. In this case, one can provide lockable couplings between the adjacent sections, modules or pairs of sections or modules, which is particularly important in transversely successive modules of importance. For sections or sequences of sections or sections following in the transverse direction Modules can. you can also provide fixed angled connections. A particularly preferred expedient variant of the angle connection is to provide this as a predetermined bending point between adjacent modules, sections or pairs of modules and sections. This is not only structurally particularly simple, but can also facilitate the assembly work on the roof, if you make the roof mounting the weight of the adjacent mutually to be bent areas of Aufdachklimaanlage for setting the desired angular end position on the roof of the vehicle used. In this case, the utilization of the dead weight of areas of Aufdachklimaanlage can even refrain from own means for fixing the respective Abwinklungsstellung, as this fixation is permanently ensured by the weight of the modules or sections. This does not exclude that for safety reasons but still fixations of the angled mounting position provides.

While the last described measures an adaptation to a different spatial course of the mounting surface of the Roof of the vehicle as a plane in the transverse direction of the vehicle Claim 15 relates to a different adaptation to different mounting surfaces in the transverse direction of the vehicle, as far as they have different widths are. For reasons even weight distribution it is recommended in such cases the rooftop air conditioner over the entire width of the mounting surface on the vehicle, to compensate for the at least partially modular or fixed in the width direction construction in this transverse direction. at least one bridging device between the transversely adjacent pairs of sections and modules or is provided by section and module or are (see claim 15).

Preferably becomes (in the sense of claim 18) the rooftop air conditioning in the cross-sectional direction symmetrical built to its center, this of the arrangement of the high-pressure side Heat exchange device is taken. On both sides then close the outside initially the inner channel arrangement and again outside to these on both sides of the evaporation device, the latter is suitably coupled with the expansion device.

Just in a bus, but also in some other vehicles an on-roof air conditioner appropriately set up, the existence Changeover valve between the modes of air conditioning the interior air of the vehicle, the air conditioning in the vehicle introduced outside air and / or a mixed operation between these two modes can be adjusted. Especially with a modular structure minde least a portion of the inner duct assembly of the rooftop air conditioner is appropriate in this provided an installation space in which installed such a changeover valve is or can be installed. This switching valve can be quite conventional Be formed by an adjustment flap.

The high-pressure side heat exchange device is conventional in rooftop air conditioners in the flow direction of the internal refrigerant connected behind a compactor, which does not like the high-pressure side heat exchange device in the on-roof air conditioning, but arranged in the engine compartment of the vehicle is or at least mechanically or hydraulically driven by the vehicle. Further rationalization is preferred within the scope of the invention Such a compression device even in the on-roof air conditioning included, and in the sense of at least a module of the high-pressure side heat exchange device together their fan device. Preferably, in this case, the additional compression device in turn, a separate module with its own housing dar.

A further supplement a module of the high-pressure side heat exchange device together with fan device in the rooftop air conditioning system according to the invention show the claims 22 to 28, which include the inclusion of a fuel cell device with further developments of this thought. The fuel cell device serves with inclusion of the compression device in the on-roof air conditioning at least as a generator of the operating current of this compression device and otherwise also, for example, if appropriate, to Electricity generation of a rooftop air conditioning system also for heating purposes. Also the fans and blowers need Provision of electricity. This does not close from that the fuel cell device also for is used for other purposes, e.g. as a utility unit for the vehicle even.

The Mode of operation of the rooftop air conditioner can according to the decades conventional technique subcritical or even more modern Technology supercritical be designed, the supercritical Operating for example carbon dioxide as a resource for the inner refrigerant starts. In the latter case, preferably contains the high-pressure side Heat exchange device or their module also has a gas cooler for the internal refrigerant (see claim 29).

The The invention will be described below with reference to schematic drawings several embodiments even closer explained. Show it:

1 a cut oblique top view to a first embodiment of a rooftop air conditioner;

2 in the same representation as 1 a second embodiment of the same construction as the first embodiment, but uncut and with different rated power;

3 a sectional drawing of the high-pressure side heat exchange device of 2 ;

4 an enlarged drawing of a module of the high-pressure side heat exchange device according to 3 ;

5 a variant of 4 with the same basic structure of higher nominal power;

6 and 7 Representations according to 4 and 5 but with different tube geometry of the guide tubes for the internal refrigerant;

8th a cross section through an on-roof air conditioning system according to the invention;

8a an enlarged partial view of 8th ;

9 a variant of 8a ;

10 an enlarged drawing of a portion of the inner channel assembly as a self-contained module with housing;

10a the same representation as 10 with additional installation of an adjustment flap of a changeover valve between different modes of air conditioning;

11 a piping diagram of a rooftop air conditioner according to the invention;

12 an alternative to 11 ;

13 a view of a possible embodiment of an on-roof air conditioning system according to the invention from below;

13a a sectional drawing along the line XIII-XIII in 13 ;

14 a cross-section through an independent module of a rooftop in the invention with einabziehbaren fuel cell;

15 a cross-section through an independent tank for fuel of such a fuel cell, said tank itself in turn is designed as a separate module with housing for installation in the rooftop air conditioning system according to the invention; and

16 an alternative to 11 ,

In 1 is a mounting surface with a dashed line 2 indicated on the roof of an omnibus, not shown, on which a first embodiment of a rooftop air conditioner 4 is mounted.

The On-roof air conditioning is here as well as in most other embodiments exclusively from modular modules composed, which in individual cases have graduated nominal parameters can. All modules of a particular type have in the illustrated embodiments each independently from their nominal parameters a given outer geometry, which by a housing of the module concerned.

The rooftop air conditioner 4 according to 1 Each has approximately rectangular base surface on different modules, which are parallel to the longitudinal axis 3 the mounting surface 2 extend. In the width direction of the mounting surface 2 seen is a sequence of two modules 6 arranged a high-pressure side heat exchange device with different rated power, which are coupled to each other without lateral offset side. For coupling are overlapping wall extensions 7 the modules 6 provided by screws or rivets 8th are fastened together.

On both sides of the modules 6 and each with substantially the same longitudinal extent are side by side each modules 10 an inner channel arrangement 12 arranged to guide air to be conditioned. Along their two outer sides then extend in each case like assignment modules 14 an evaporation device.

The two modules 6 the heat exchange device differ in 1 in the rated power in that in the one module 6a three fans 16 are installed while the other module 6b with the same longitudinal extension of the module, only one built-in fan 16 Has.

In 1 the fans are only represented by their grille. In the module 6b is also an installation point 17 indicated without fan and without grille, the optional as well as a third location not shown 17 with a fan 16 can be equipped with cover grille, but not. When the installation point 17 is not equipped, it must be completed in a manner not shown by a lid.

Between the modules 6 and 10 are lateral cross connections 18 . 19 the same kind as the cross connections 7 . 8th indicated. Not to be considered, but to think in a complementary way, are lateral cross-connections between the modules 10 and 14 ,

2 varies the appearance of 1 only in that in the module 6b in 1 the unoccupied installation site 17 also by a fan 16 equipped with the grille shown.

When comparing the 1 and 2 one recognizes that one usually has the same external geometry of a module 6 this optionally with a fan 16 ( 1 ), two fans 16 ( 2 ) or three fans 16 (Module 6a in 1 and 2 ) can equip. You can do this by otherwise identical structure of the modules 6 three different rated powers each in one module 6 produce.

In addition, both show 1 as well as 2 in that the total output of the high-pressure side heat exchange device is also obtained by combining two modules, each with different nominal power (nominal powers one and three in 1 as well as two and three in 2 ).

In a manner not shown, further variations can be provided. In particular, on the one hand comes the axial series connection of more than two modules 6 and on the other hand, the assembly of a module with more than three fans 16 in question. In buses, it has proven in practice, with modules otherwise the same outer geometry as in the embodiment, but with nennleistungsmäßiger variation between two, three and four fans to get along.

The structure of the modules is more in detail from the 3 to 9 to recognize.

From the 4 and 5 on the one hand, and 6 and 7 On the other hand, it can initially be seen that the geometry of the tubes carrying the internal refrigerant can be arbitrary given otherwise constant external geometry or module size and in particular module height. This is based on round tubes 20 in 3 to 5 as well as flat tubes 21 in 6 and 7 For example, these tubes each have an outer lamellar ribbing 22 exhibit. This lamellar ribbing 22 is acted upon by ambient air, which cools in a conventional manner, the internal refrigerant for dissipating the heat absorbed in the air conditioning in the cooling mode.

The own housing of the modules 6 respectively. 6a and 6b , the module 10 and the modules 14 are in particular in 8th , but partly also in the other figures, with the reference numerals 23 . 24 and 25 designated.

The housing 24 the inner channel arrangement are in the 10 and 10a even more clearly marked.

In 10a is within the housing also a switching valve 26 with a setting plate 28 represented, with which one in a conventional manner, the air to be conditioned, which through the inner channel arrangement 10 is guided, in recirculation mode, can operate with fresh air or in mixed operation.

In the case 24 otherwise is an entrance opening 29 the entering from the interior of the vehicle to be conditioned air, an inlet 30 for fresh air entering from outside through a chicane 31 the changeover valve 26 is supplied, and an outlet opening 32 formed, which depending on the air-conditioned indoor or outdoor air of the evaporation device in the module 14 supplies. Out 10 is also the cross connection 18 . 19 still further developed in a way that is more in detail on the basis of 8th will be described below.

The module 10 is clearly also in the center of the representation of 8a to recognize.

In addition one sees that the module 14 the evaporating device still contains the following further elements: Firstly, there is always an evaporating heat exchanger 36 contained, which is acted upon internally by the internal refrigerant and the outside of the supplied via the inner channel assembly to be conditioned air. The evaporative heat exchanger 36 is at full height in the case 25 fitted. A power variation can be achieved by varying the number of fans 38 done, but only one of which is shown. In question, for example, the use of one to four Ge blower per module, so that because of the mutually symmetrical arrangement to the modules 6 in fact, twice the number of fans, and therefore double the evaporation rate, using left and right evaporator heat exchangers 36 is produced. You can see the number of fans 38 but also increase or, in the other extreme case, do without the use of just one blower.

If the rooftop air conditioning system is not only used to cool the air to be conditioned, but alternatively in addition to their heating, can in the module 14 the evaporation device also be integrated with a heating heat exchanger, which can be heated in the illustrated embodiment with round tubes expediently with coolant of a drive combustion engine of the bus and outside also from the climatisie air is applied. Of course, the same applies to the use of flat tubes. In a manner not shown but you can instead provide other heating elements that are heated by electric current.

In 8a otherwise only round tubes are registered, which could also be replaced alternatively by flat tubes.

From the 8a and 9 on the one hand it can be seen that in adaptation to the width design of the mounting surface 2 the modules 6 . 10 and 14 laterally each by a bridging device 42 Can be kept at a distance, the two sides of the module 6 between this and the module 10 is nested. Another bridging device is usually dispensable, but could be between the modules 10 and 14 also be arranged as needed. It can be seen that the bridging device 42 is formed modularly from a box-like structure (shown only in 9 ).

Furthermore, in the 8a and 9 shown that a relative turn of the module 10 opposite the module 6 in adaptation to the surface curvature of the mounting surface 2 in the width direction of the vehicle can take place. It shows 9 a hinged connection 44 , while 8a a flexible connection 46 suggests.

The operation of the arrangements described so far is based on the 11 ff. presented together with some other useful additions.

From the piping diagrams 11 and 12 of the internal refrigerant is initially the following cycle of the internal refrigerant to be seen as a possible mode of operation: From the drive motor 48 the bus is a compressor or a compressor 50 mechanically driven, which raises the internal refrigerant from a state of low pressure to a state of higher pressure by the compression effect and the heat exchanger piping 20 respectively. 21 the heat exchanger device within the module 6 feeds inside, where at the outer ribbing heat is released to ambient air. The internal refrigerant is then in the evaporator module 14 an expansion device 52 supplied, where the internal refrigerant in turn transferred to a state of lower pressure and in this state of the evaporator 36 within the module 14 is supplied. The expansion device 52 is mechanical with the evaporation device 36 connected. Coming from the evaporation device, the internal refrigerant is again the compression device 50 fed.

In the center of 11 is symbolically indicated by a fine representation of the direction of circulation of the internal refrigerant.

While in the presentation according to 11 the evaporation device each in its own module 14 is arranged, it can alternatively according to 12 also in the module 6 be arranged with the high-pressure side heat exchange device.

To simplify the readability is essentially the tubes 20 or 21 and their outer ribbing 22 existing high-pressure side heat exchange device still with the common reference numerals 54 designated.

In the 11 and 12 is also the compression device 50 arranged outside the Aufdachklimaanalage invention in the range of the drive motor of the vehicle. 13 shows the preferred variant in the context of the invention, the compression device 50 in a separate module with its own housing 56 to arrange and fit in a corresponding recess of the rooftop air conditioning system according to the invention. For a better illustration, see 13 the lower cover plate of the module 56 omitted. One recognizes that here the module 6 has a smaller longitudinal extent than the modules 10 and 14 and in the space gained thereby the compacting device 50 is fitted. With the reference number 58 a conventional installation block for the electrical supply and associated control of the electrically operated individual components is shown.

In the sectional view to 13a is schematically the case 60 of the module 56 to see in which the two described elements 50 and 58 are fitted. From the case 60 is an electrical supply line 62 led out via an outer illustrated socket.

Analogous to the module 56 can be in axial extension of the module 6 also or additionally a fuel cell device 64 as a separate module with its own housing 66 be used, which in turn has its own module 68 results.

Only indicated is the required own cooling circuit 70 the fuel cell device, which is also in the housing 66 is included. There are also electrical connection cables 72 for the electrical energy generated in the fuel cell device and connections 74 to see with associated supply lines of the fuel cell device for incoming and outgoing fuel, which also through the housing 66 passed through.

14 shows an embodiment in which the fuel from the outside in the module 68 supplied and the spent gas is discharged from this again.

15 shows in contrast a turn independent module 76 with own housing 78 with a recording tank 80 fuel of the fuel cell device 64 , This module 76 can be analogous to the previously described modules 56 and or 68 also alone or in combination with both modules 56 and 68 or one of them within the on-roof air conditioning 4 be involved. Here again, mutatis mutandis, individual openings for filling the tank as well as extraction lines for removing the fuel to the fuel cell device are complementary to think.

16 shows in an extension of 11 a piping diagram in which the rooftop air conditioning system to a module with fuel cell device 68 was added. Here is the internal refrigerant for cooling the fuel cell 64 intended. The refrigerant which is at high pressure level is this by means of an expansion device 52 throttled to a low pressure level and an evaporator 36 fed. As shown, the refrigerant in the cooling circuit 70 the fuel cell cooled (see claim 25). Alternatively, the cooling circuit can in turn be provided as a separate roof-mounted air conditioning module. It is understood that cooled or cooled air may be provided for cooling the fuel cell alternatively or in parallel by means of internal refrigerant.

2

mounting surface

3

longitudinal axis

4

rooftop air

6

module a high pressure

side channel arrangement

6a, 6b

individual modules 6

7

Wall projections

8th

screw or rivets

10

module an inner channel

arrangement

12

inner Kanalanordung

14

module an evaporation

Facility

16

Fan

17

installation location

18

cross connection

19

cross connection

20

round tubes

21

flat tubes

22

Lamellenverrippung

23

Casing ( 6 )

24

Casing ( 10 )

25

Casing ( 14 )

26

switching valve

28

adjustment

29

inlet opening

30

inlet opening

31

chicane

32

outlet opening

34

coupling

36

Evaporation heat exchanger

38

fan

40

Heater core

42

bridging device

44

hinge-like connection

46

soft bending connection

48

drive motor

50

compressor

52

expander

54

high-pressure side warmth

exchange device

56

module

58

installation unit

60

casing

62

supply line

64

Brennstoffzelleneinricht

tung

66

casing

68

module

70

Cooling circuit

72

leads

74

connections

76

module

78

casing

80

receiving tank

Claims (29)

On-roof air conditioning ( 4 ) operating according to the cold vapor compression principle using an internal refrigerant for a vehicle, in particular a bus, in which a successively acted upon by the internal refrigerant sequence of a high-pressure side heat exchange device ( 54 ) with associated fan device ( 16 ), an expansion device ( 52 ) and an evaporation device ( 36 ), one relating to the rooftop air conditioner ( 4 ) inner channel arrangement ( 12 ) for guiding air to be conditioned, which is in heat exchange with the evaporation device ( 36 ), and a modular structure ( 6 ) a high-pressure side heat exchange device ( 54 ) with associated fan device ( 16 ) in a separate housing ( 6 . 14 ), characterized in that terminals ( 34 ) for the coupling of similar such modules ( 6a . 6b ) a high-pressure side heat exchange device ( 54 ) are predictable, prepared or trained, and that the modules ( 6 respectively. 6a . 6b ) on grid-like coupling ( 7 . 8th ; 34 ) designed by modules of equal power and / or modules graded power are. Rooftop air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling of the modules ( 6 respectively. 6a . 6b ) is provided in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. An on-roof air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the high-pressure side heat exchange device ( 54 ) for guiding the internal refrigerant round tubes ( 20 ) having. An on-roof air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the high-pressure side heat exchange device ( 54 ) for guiding the inner refrigerant flat tubes ( 21 ) having. Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the housing ( 23 ) of the high-pressure side heat exchange device ( 54 ) is dimensioned so that for guiding the internal refrigerant optionally round tubes ( 20 ) or flat tubes ( 21 ) are installable. Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it also comprises a heating device ( 40 ) for heating the air to be conditioned. Rooftop air conditioning system according to claim 6, characterized in that the heating device has at least one heating heat exchanger ( 40 ), which in the evaporation device ( 36 ) with its outer ribbing in series with the air path of the air to be conditioned along the outer ribbing of at least one evaporative heat exchanger ( 36 ) is arranged. Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the grid at least some, preferably all, modules ( 6a . 6b ) are arranged each with the same longitudinal extension length. Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the module ( 6 respectively. 6a . 6b ) also an evaporation device ( 36 ) and at least a portion of the inner channel assembly ( 12 ) contains. Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the inner channel arrangement ( 12 ) separately from the module ( 6 respectively. 6a . 6b ) and laterally connected to this. Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the evaporation device ( 36 ) laterally of the inner channel arrangement ( 12 ) is arranged. Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the evaporation device ( 36 ) and / or the inner channel device ( 12 ) each with its own housing ( 24 ; 25 ) modular ( 10 ; 14 ) is formed or are. Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it is arranged section-wise and / or modularly in the transverse direction of the vehicle ( 6 . 10 . 14 ) and adjustable between adjacent pairs of sections, modules or section and module in their mutual angular position transverse to the vehicle ( 44 ; 46 ). An on-roof air conditioner according to claim 13, characterized in that at least one pair of sections, modules or sections and modules are connected via a hinge-like ( 44 ) and / or flexible ( 46 ) Connection is related. An on-roof air conditioner according to claim 13 or 14, characterized by a bridging device (between the pairs of sections, modules or section and module) 42 ). Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that different power levels of the module ( 6 . 14 ) over a different number of identical blower units ( 38 ), which enter the evaporation device ( 36 ) and / or a different number of identical fan units ( 16 ), which in the high-pressure side heat exchange device ( 54 ) can be used or are, are selectable. Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the high-pressure side heat exchange device ( 54 ), the evaporation device ( 36 ) and at least a portion of the inner channel arrangement ( 12 ) in each case in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (or the module 6 . 10 . 14 ). Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized by a structure of the rooftop air conditioning system ( 4 ) in the cross-sectional direction with a central arrangement of the high-pressure side heat exchange device ( 54 ), on both sides outside the following inner channel arrangement ( 12 ) and again on both sides outside the following evaporation device ( 36 ), each with the expansion device ( 52 ) is coupled. Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of Claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the inner channel arrangement ( 12 ) of the rooftop air conditioning system ( 4 ) an installation space (in 24 ), in which a switching valve ( 26 ) between the modes of operation of a Air conditioning of the interior air of the vehicle, the air conditioning of introduced into the vehicle outside air and / or a mixed operation between these two modes of operation is installed or installed. Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that at least one module ( 6 respectively. 6a . 6b ) the high-pressure side heat exchange device ( 54 ) and fan device ( 16 ) by a compacting device ( 50 ) is added. Rooftop air conditioning system according to claim 20, characterized in that the supplementary compacting device ( 50 ) modular ( 56 ) is formed with its own housing. Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that at least one module ( 6 respectively. 6a . 6b ) the high-pressure side heat exchange device ( 54 ) and fan device ( 16 ) by a fuel cell device ( 64 ) is added. An on-roof air conditioner according to claim 22, characterized in that the supplementary fuel cell device ( 64 ) modular ( 68 ) with own housing ( 66 ) is trained. Rooftop air conditioning system according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the fuel cell device ( 64 ) within the rooftop air conditioner own cooling device ( 70 ) or a separate cooling module is assigned. An on-roof air conditioner according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the internal refrigerant is also used as coolant for the fuel cell device ( 64 ) is provided. Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of Claims 22 to 25, characterized in that a tank ( 80 ) for the fuel of the fuel cell device ( 64 ) in the rooftop air conditioner ( 4 ) is included. Rooftop air conditioning system according to claim 26, characterized in that the tank ( 80 ) as its own module ( 76 ) is trained. Rooftop air conditioning system according to claims 23 and 26, characterized in that the tank ( 80 ) in the module ( 68 ) of the fuel cell device ( 64 ) is included. Rooftop air conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the mode of operation is designed to be supercritical and the high-pressure side heat exchanger device ( 54 ) has a gas cooler for the internal refrigerant.