DE202023104894U1 - Agri-photovoltaic system - Google Patents

Abstract

Agri-photovoltaic system (100), comprising a plurality of photovoltaic modules (120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127) and a plurality of masts (110, 111), at an upper end of each mast (110, 111) of the plurality of masts (110, 111) at least one photovoltaic module (120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127) is arranged and each mast (110, 111) of the plurality of masts ( 110, 111) is arranged with a lower end standing vertically in a subsurface (300), characterized in that the plurality of masts (110, 111) also represents a plurality of posts (110, 111) for an electric pasture fence (200). and these are continuously connected to each other by the electric fence (200).

Description

The invention relates to an agricultural photovoltaic system according to the preamble of claim 1.

So-called pasture fences are known in the prior art, which are usually intended to prevent animals from entering or leaving the fenced area. For example, agricultural areas are often demarcated with pasture fences in order to protect the livestock grazing there from wild animals and predators that occur in the region. Pasture fences are also used to keep farm animals, such as dairy cows, together and to prevent them from leaving the fenced area.

Pasture fences are often electrified to increase their barrier effect. Electric pasture fences are usually designed in such a way that when an animal touches them, a closed circuit is created and the animal receives one or more short high-voltage pulses, for example one pulse per second.

The DE 19 952 814 A1 In this context, discloses an electric electric fence device that can be operated using a solar cell. The solar cell generates the electrical energy required to operate the electric fence energiser.

Also from the EP 3 496 514 A1 an electric fence device for operating an electric fence is known. The electric fence device includes a power supply unit that can be connected to a fence and connecting means for connecting the power supply unit to a battery. The system also includes a solar module for converting sunlight into electrical energy and a charging circuit for providing charging energy for the battery.

The term “agri-PV” (short for “agri-photovoltaics”) is still known in the state of the art as the combined use of an agricultural area for both agricultural management and electricity generation through photovoltaics.

A wide range of different gradations is possible between the intensity of agricultural management and electricity generation through photovoltaics (PV). This spectrum ranges from the cultivation of special crops and intensive arable crops with special PV mounting systems to extensive grazing with marginal adjustments on the PV side. Agri-PV thus increases area efficiency and enables the expansion of PV output while simultaneously preserving fertile arable land for agriculture or in conjunction with the creation of species-rich biotopes. Agri-PV technology has developed dynamically in recent years and has spread to almost all regions of the world. The global installed agri-PV capacity increased exponentially from approximately 5 MWp in 2012 and approximately 2.9 GWp (2018) to more than 14 GWp in 2020.

In this context the describes WO 2022 234 556 A1 a system for improved solar energy capture in an orchard. The system includes at least one solar energy device with at least one row of photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic panels are placed in the orchard to capture solar energy, aligned parallel to at least one row of fruit trees. A processor of the system is configured so that it can control a position of the shadow cast by the photovoltaic modules in accordance with an algorithm by moving the photovoltaic modules along a rail as necessary.

However, the known Agri-PV systems are disadvantageous in that they either require a complex construction with a massive, cement-cast foundation in order to enable agricultural use below the photovoltaic modules. Without this complex construction, the photovoltaic modules could not be safely arranged at a sufficiently high height to enable, for example, the cultivation of the usable area with agricultural machinery such as combine harvesters and tractors.

Or, if a complex construction, in particular a cement-cast foundation, is omitted, the photovoltaic modules have to be erected so close to the ground due to the lower strength of their arrangement that agricultural use of the area underneath becomes significantly more difficult or even impossible.

The known electric fence devices that can be operated via photovoltaic modules are disadvantageous in that they only use a comparatively small proportion of the solar energy that can in principle be used to generate electrical energy.

It is an object of the present invention to propose an improved agri-photovoltaic system.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the agricultural photovoltaic system according to claim 1. Advantageous designs and further training Further developments of the invention emerge from the dependent claims.

The invention relates to an agricultural photovoltaic system, comprising a plurality of photovoltaic modules and a plurality of masts, with at least one photovoltaic module being arranged at an upper end of each mast and with each mast having a lower end being arranged vertically in a subsurface.

An agri-photovoltaic system is therefore envisaged, i.e. a photovoltaic system that is suitable for being installed in the area of an agriculturally usable area.

The suitability of the agricultural photovoltaic system for installation in the area of an agriculturally usable area requires reliable fastening - i.e. in particular a storm-proof and weatherproof fastening - of the photovoltaic modules at a sufficiently high height so that the area below the photovoltaic modules can fundamentally continue to be used for agriculture and at the same time permanently prevent the masts from toppling over.

The agricultural photovoltaic system according to the invention comprises a large number of photovoltaic modules, which are preferably designed as Si-based semiconductor modules. The photovoltaic modules can be polycrystalline or monocrystalline, with a monocrystalline design being preferred because of the comparatively higher efficiency.

The individual photovoltaic modules are typically flat and have standardized lengths of 1650 mm or 1960 mm and a uniform standardized width of 992 mm. However, other dimensions of photovoltaic modules are also conceivable and preferred.

The agricultural photovoltaic system according to the invention also includes a large number of masts, at the upper end of which at least one photovoltaic module is arranged. Each mast is simultaneously arranged with its lower end in the ground so that it is vertical and the photovoltaic modules arranged at the upper end are spaced from the ground. The masts are preferably made of metal to ensure high strength and robustness.

The photovoltaic modules are preferably aligned at the upper end of the masts in such a way that their upper side receives the greatest possible amount of solar radiation over the course of the day. In Central Europe, orienting the surface to the south at an angle of between 30° and 35° from the horizontal has proven successful.

According to the invention, it is provided that the plurality of masts equally represent a plurality of posts for an electric pasture fence and these are continuously connected to one another through the electric pasture fence.

In other words, the masts, at the upper end of which the photovoltaic modules are arranged, have a dual function in that they represent both the masts for supporting the photovoltaic modules and the posts of an electric fence.

By using them as posts in the electric electric fence, the posts are advantageously arranged like in an electric fence, namely as a continuous row between two areas separated from each other by the electric fence.

In its function as a post, each mast is connected to two neighboring masts through the electric electric fence, so that passage through the spaces between two posts or masts is blocked by the electric electric fence.

The invention thus leads to the advantage that the agricultural photovoltaic system can easily fulfill a dual function - namely as a PV system and as an electric pasture fence. This significantly reduces the overall costs compared to setting up a PV system and an electric fence separately.

Furthermore, there is advantageously no noticeable land use competition between the agricultural photovoltaic system according to the invention and agricultural use of the area on which the agricultural photovoltaic system is installed. By limiting the agricultural photovoltaic system to the edge of the area where the electric fence is usually installed, the area remains usable with almost no restrictions.

The electric pasture fence can advantageously consist of a single wire that continuously connects the masts, of a plurality of individual wires arranged at different heights that continuously connect the masts, or can also consist of a wire mesh structure that continuously connects the masts.

In addition to the electric pasture fence, a normal, non-electric pasture fence can also be arranged between two adjacent poles.

For the purposes of the invention, it is also possible and preferred for the agricultural photovoltaic system to also include other masts that do not belong to the multitude of masts described above and differ from them, for example in terms of their length, their diameter, their material or also due to the lack of photovoltaic modules at the top end.

The additional masts can, for example, be easier to arrange or easier to anchor in the ground, especially in areas that are difficult to access for work machines. For example, it is conceivable that comparatively smaller masts and in particular masts that do not have photovoltaic modules are used in order to be able to partially erect the electric fence in an area that has tree growth, for example.

These additional masts are then also part of the agricultural photovoltaic system, although they are not included in the previously defined variety of masts. However, the other masts preferably also fulfill a function as posts for the electric pasture fence.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the agricultural photovoltaic system is designed to operate the electric pasture fence with electrical power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic modules.

This has the advantage that neither an external energy supply nor a battery-powered energy supply need be provided.

An external energy supply is usually disadvantageous when operating pasture fences in that pasture fences are often built away from settlements where no electrical infrastructure is available. Setting up the required electrical infrastructure on site would be complex and expensive.

A battery-powered energy supply, on the other hand, usually has the disadvantage that the batteries have to be replaced regularly, which requires constant monitoring and maintenance and thus constantly generates costs.

By supplying the electric fence with electrical power from the photovoltaic modules, these disadvantages can be advantageously overcome.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the electric electric fence further comprises an electric electric fence device.

The electric electric fence device is designed to energize the electric fence to the desired extent.

Advantageously, the electrical power generated by the photovoltaic modules is not output directly to the wires of the electric fence, but rather is fed to the electric fence device, which then energizes the wires in a controlled manner or applies electrical voltage to them in a controlled manner.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the electric electric fence device is designed to emit high-voltage pulses to the electric electric fence at a predeterminable frequency.

The predeterminable frequency can, for example, be predetermined by the manufacturer of the electric fence device or can be variably set and predefined by a user of the electric fence device. The frequency is advantageously in the range from 0.5 Hz to 20 Hz.

The high-voltage pulses can, for example, be between 500 V and 1500 V and in particular be 1000 V.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the electric pasture fence further comprises an electric battery storage and charging electronics for charging the battery storage.

The battery storage can supply the electric fence or electric fence device with electrical power even if the photovoltaic modules do not provide any or insufficient electrical power due to a lack of sunlight, for example at night. The battery storage can be charged again via the charging electronics, for example when the sun is shining the next day, if electrical energy was previously withdrawn, for example at night.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the agricultural photovoltaic system is designed to supply electrical power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic modules, which is not required to operate the electric electric fence, to the battery storage via the charging electronics.

This means that the battery storage can always be charged when the photovoltaic modules generate an overproduction of electrical power gen. The electrical power generated can thus be used largely optimally.

According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the agricultural photovoltaic system is designed to operate the electric pasture fence with electrical power from the battery storage if the plurality of photovoltaic modules does not provide sufficient electrical power to operate the electric pasture fence .

This results in the advantage that the electric electric fence of the Agri-PV system according to the invention can be operated completely self-sufficiently all year round and in continuous operation, since electrical energy generated during the day that is not required to operate the electric electric fence can be charged into the battery storage and This can be removed again if necessary, i.e. in the dark or insufficient sunlight.

According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the agricultural photovoltaic system is designed to transmit electrical power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic modules, which is neither required to operate the electric fence nor to charge the battery storage, to an external to supply the electrical network.

If there is a connection to an electrical infrastructure such as the public power grid, which represents an external electrical network in the sense of the invention, excess electrical power generated can be fed into this network and made available to other consumers, for example against a so-called feed-in tariff.

However, an external electrical network in the sense of the invention does not only represent the public power network. It is also conceivable that the external network is a neighboring agricultural operation to which the excess electrical power is supplied, or a charging station for electric vehicles. An external electrical network in the sense of the invention includes at least one electrical consumer that is not part of the agricultural photovoltaic system.

The electrical power generated by the large number of photovoltaic modules can therefore be used to a large extent and can advantageously replace other, more expensive and possibly non-CO ₂ -free electrical power.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the agricultural photovoltaic system further comprises an electrical inverter, which is designed to convert an electrical direct current generated by the plurality of photovoltaic modules into an alternating current suitable for delivery to the external electrical network walk.

In an analogous manner, the direct voltage generated by the large number of photovoltaic modules is advantageously converted into an alternating voltage suitable for delivery to the external electrical network.

Not only the frequency, but also the voltage and current are preferably adapted to the values of the respective public power grid via the inverter.

This results in the advantage of extensive compatibility, particularly with the public power grid, which has an alternating voltage or alternating current at typically 50 Hz. The voltage in the public power grid in urban areas is usually 240 V.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the plurality of masts are continuously connected to one another by cable routes.

This advantageously enables the large number of photovoltaic modules to be wired together. The cable routes are preferably made of weatherproof sheet steel and enable cables to be held securely. In addition, the cable routes can have an additional stabilizing function, as they each connect two masts with each other and these can therefore support each other and stabilize themselves.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the cable routes carry direct current cables which transport the electrical power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic modules.

This makes it advantageously possible to electrically connect all the photovoltaic modules arranged on the masts to one another, for example to connect them in series or at least to connect them in groups, and thus to be able to provide a common output of the electrical power for all photovoltaic modules of the agricultural photovoltaic system . The common output can in particular be connected to the electrical inverter.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the cable routes are arranged on the plurality of masts above the electric pasture fence.

As a result, the cable routes or the DC cables carried by the cable routes are protected from wild animals and grazing animals, in particular from damage caused by animal bites. Since the DC cables typically carry voltages of several 100 V to several 1000 V, animals and people could otherwise be fatally injured.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the electric pasture fence further comprises at least one pasture gate, the pasture gate being arranged between two adjacent masts.

The pasture gate creates a passageway between two neighboring masts so that the area delimited by the pasture fence can be left or entered.

The pasture gate preferably has a locking mechanism that enables the pasture gate to be closed reliably, so that it is ensured in particular that neither wild animals, such as wolves or foxes, nor grazing animals, such as cattle or sheep, can open the pasture gate.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the pasture gate is made of aluminum. Aluminum is robust and weather-resistant. On the one hand, this ensures that the pasture gate can also withstand the effects of violence from wild animals and grazing animals to a high degree, for example a kick from an ox or bull. On the other hand, the pasture gate does not require any maintenance or care as aluminum does not rust or weather.

Since aluminum is still comparatively light, easy, especially manual, operation of the pasture gate can be ensured without a separate drive.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the plurality of masts is designed as a plurality of ramming masts or as a plurality of pressing masts.

Piling masts are rammed into the ground to a specified depth using ramming. The ramming can be carried out, for example, by means of a ram arranged on a construction machine.

Press masts, on the other hand, are pressed into the ground to the intended depth, for example using a hydraulic press on a construction machine.

In both cases, there is no need for a solid foundation made of concrete or similar material. This simplifies the construction of the Agri-PV system according to the invention and significantly reduces the construction costs.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the plurality of masts is hollow.

It has been shown that hollow masts also offer sufficient stability to hold the photovoltaic modules securely.

By making the masts hollow, costs and weight can be saved.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the plurality of masts are made of aluminum.

As already described, aluminum is robust and weather-resistant. This also leads to the advantages already described for the masts.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the plurality of masts have a diameter of at least 15 cm and at most 25 cm.

This diameter range has proven to be well suited in terms of the required stability while at the same time requiring as little material as possible.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the plurality of masts each have a diameter of 20 cm.

This diameter has proven to be particularly suitable.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the plurality of masts have a length of at least 5 m and at most 7 m.

On the one hand, this enables a sufficiently large spacing of the photovoltaic modules at the upper end of the masts from the ground, so that the area below the photovoltaic modules remains accessible to agricultural machines.

At the same time, this length also allows for sufficiently deep anchoring in the ground, especially by ramming or pressing, so that the masts stand securely and firmly.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the plurality of masts have a length of 6 m.

This length has proven to be particularly suitable.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the plurality of masts is anchored at least 2 m and at most 4 m deep in the ground.

This depth ensures that the masts are held reliably and securely underground, especially during strong storms. At the same time, an anchoring depth of between 2 m and 4 m can be achieved comparatively easily with suitable equipment.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the plurality of masts is anchored 3 m deep in the ground.

This depth has proven to be particularly suitable.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that individual masts of the plurality of masts are each at least 3 m and at most 4 m apart from one another.

This spacing between the individual poles can easily be bridged with the electric electric fence, without the electric electric fence or the wires of the electric electric fence no longer being sufficiently taut. Undesirable movements or swinging movements of the wires, for example in the wind, can be avoided. This spacing corresponds approximately to the usual spacing of the posts of an electric fence.

In addition, a sufficient spacing of the photovoltaic modules can be ensured, in particular mutual shading of neighboring photovoltaic modules can be avoided, which would have unfavorable effects on the efficiency of the solar modules.

Nevertheless, such a spacing still allows a comparatively dense arrangement of the photovoltaic modules along the dividing line formed by the Agri-PV system, so that a high yield of electrical energy can be achieved.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the plurality of photovoltaic modules is arranged at a height of at least 2 m and at most 4 m above the ground.

This means that the area below the photovoltaic modules remains accessible to agricultural machines. Grazing animals can also seek shade below the photovoltaic modules in strong sunlight and high temperatures.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the plurality of photovoltaic modules is arranged at a height of 3 m above the ground.

This height has proven to be particularly suitable.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that a maximum of eight photovoltaic modules are arranged on each mast.

The photovoltaic modules preferably form a rectangular surface which is arranged on the post in the area of their center of gravity.

For this purpose, a system of holding rails is preferably provided at the upper end of each mast, which on the one hand carries the photovoltaic modules and on the other hand is fastened to the upper end of the post, for example by means of screw connections.

Up to eight photovoltaic modules can be reliably supported by one post and withstand the forces that occur, especially during storms.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the agricultural photovoltaic system fences in an area.

This means that the agricultural photovoltaic system is constructed in such a way that it encompasses an area with its posts and the wires of the electric pasture fence arranged between two adjacent posts or pasture gates arranged between two adjacent posts. This means that grazing animals, such as cows or sheep, can be prevented from leaving the fenced area. Wild animals such as wolves and foxes can also be prevented from entering the fenced area and preying on grazing animals.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the area is an agricultural area.

This results in particular advantages, since the agricultural area is retained for agricultural use by the agricultural photovoltaic system according to the invention.

The invention is explained below by way of example using the embodiments shown in the figures.

• 1 beispielhaft und schematisch einen Abschnitt einer möglichen Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Agri-Photovoltaik-Anlage in einer perspektivischen Darstellung,
• 2 den in 1 perspektivisch gezeigten Abschnitt der Agri-Photovoltaik-Anlage in einer Seitenansicht und
• 3 beispielhaft und schematisch eine weitere mögliche Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Agri-Photovoltaik-Anlage in einer Ansicht nach Art einer Geländekarte von oben.

Show it:

• 1 by way of example and schematically a section of a possible embodiment of an agricultural photovoltaic system according to the invention in a perspective view,
• 2 the in 1 Section of the agricultural photovoltaic system shown in perspective in a side view and
• 3 By way of example and schematically, another possible embodiment of an agricultural photovoltaic system according to the invention in a view in the manner of a terrain map from above.

The same objects, functional units and comparable components are designated with the same reference numerals across the figures. These objects, functional units and comparable components are identical in terms of their technical features, unless the description explicitly or implicitly states otherwise.

1 shows, by way of example and schematically, a section of a possible embodiment of an agricultural photovoltaic system 100 according to the invention in a perspective view.

The in 1 The section of the exemplary agricultural photovoltaic system 100 shown comprises two masts 110, 111, at the upper end of which four photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 are arranged. The photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 are each on one in 1 Rail system 130, 131, which can only be seen rudimentarily, is mounted, which in turn is connected to the upper ends of the masts 110, 111. The distance between the masts 110, 111 is, for example, 3.5 m.

A bird of prey resting place 132 is also arranged on the rail system 130 of the mast 110.

The photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 are, for example, oriented to the south and inclined at an angle of 30° to the horizontal.

According to the example, the masts 110, 111 are made of aluminum and have a diameter of 20 cm. They are designed as ramming masts 110, 111 and are hollow inside. In the exemplary embodiment, their length is 1 6 m, of which 3 m were firmly placed in the subsoil by ramming. The masts 110, 111 are thus arranged with their lower ends standing vertically in the subsurface 300. The photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 are accordingly arranged 3 m above the ground 300.

Functionally, the masts 110, 111 fulfill a double function since, in addition to supporting the photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, they also serve as posts 110, 111 of an electric pasture fence 200.

In their function as posts 110, 111 of the electric electric fence 200, the masts 110, 111 are continuously connected by the electric electric fence 200. The electric pasture fence 200 consists, for example, of three individual wires 201, 202, 203 arranged at different heights and stretched between the masts 110, 111.

The electric pasture fence 200 also includes an in 1 pasture gate 205, not shown, and an electric pasture fence device 206, not shown. The pasture gate 205 represents a passageway to enable a passage between two masts 110, 111, via which the area fenced in by the agricultural photovoltaic system 100 can be entered or left . The electric energizer 206 applies current pulses with a frequency of 1 Hz and 1000 V to the wires 201, 202, 203, for example.

The agricultural photovoltaic system 100 is further designed to operate the electric pasture fence 200 with electrical power generated by the photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127. It is therefore not necessary to supply the electric fence with electrical power from an external power network or from a battery.

The agricultural photovoltaic system 100 also includes an electrical battery storage unit 207, not shown, as well as charging electronics 208, also not shown, for charging the battery storage unit 207. This means that the power from the photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 generated electrical power, which is not required directly to operate the electric fence 200, is supplied to the battery storage 207 via the charging electronics 208. If then at For example, if sufficient electrical power cannot be provided by the photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 at night due to the lack of sunshine, the electric fence 200 can be operated with electrical power from the battery storage 207.

In addition, the agricultural photovoltaic system 100 is, for example, also designed to use the electrical power generated by the photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, which is neither used to operate the electric fence 200 nor to charge it Battery storage 207 is required to be passed on to the public power grid in return for a financial feed-in tariff.

For delivery to the public power grid, the agricultural photovoltaic system 100 also includes an electrical inverter 160, not shown, which is designed to convert the direct electrical current generated by the photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 into an alternating current suitable for supply to the public power grid with a voltage of 240 V and a frequency of 50 Hz.

The masts 110, 111 are connected to one another by a cable route 140, the cable route 140 being an in 1 DC cable, not shown, carries to transport the power generated by the photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 to the inverter 160. The cable route 140 is arranged above the wires 201, 202, 203 of the electric pasture fence 200 in order to avoid damage by wild animals or grazing animals.

The shade provided by the photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 can be used by a grazing animal 150.

Finally, it should be emphasized again that the 1 only shows a section of an agricultural photovoltaic system 100 according to the invention. The agricultural photovoltaic system 100 according to the invention actually consists of a large number of masts 110, 111 with a large number of photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, which can extend over a distance of several kilometers. All of these masts 110, 111 of the multitude of masts 110, 111 also serve as posts 110, 111 of the electric pasture fence 200 and are continuously connected to one another by the electric pasture fence 200.

2 shows the in 1 Perspectively shown section of the agricultural photovoltaic system 100 in a side view.

You can see the masts 110, 111, which are connected by wires 201, 202, 203 of the electric fence 200. Above the wires 201, 202, 203 you can see the cable route 140, which is a DC cable (not shown in 2 ), via which the photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 are connected in series, for example.

The photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 are held by the rail systems 130, 131 and are each inclined at an angle of 30 ° to the horizontal in order to achieve the highest possible yield of electrical energy from solar radiation win.

The bird of prey resting place 132 can be seen again on the rail system 130 of the mast 110.

3 shows by way of example and schematically another possible embodiment of an agricultural photovoltaic system 100 according to the invention in a view in the manner of a terrain map from above.

What can be seen is a usable area 400 delimited by the agri-photovoltaic system 100 and an area 500 delimited from the delimited usable area 400 by the agri-photovoltaic system 100.

The agricultural photovoltaic system 100 includes a plurality of masts 110, 111 and a plurality of photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, each of which is arranged at the upper ends of the masts 110, 111.

The masts 110, 111 are each arranged vertically in the subsurface 300 with their lower ends.

The plurality of masts 110, 111 equally represent a plurality of posts 110, 111 for an electric pasture fence 200, with the electric pasture fence 200 continuously connecting the masts 110, 111.

The electric pasture fence 200 comprises, for example, an electric wire mesh structure 204, which connects two adjacent posts 110, 111, as well as a pasture gate 205 arranged between two adjacent posts 110, 111 in order to enable passage from a delimited usable area 400 to a delimited area 500 and vice versa.

Finally, the electric electric fence 200 also includes an electric electric fence 206, which is operated by electrical power from the photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, and an electric battery storage 207 and charging electronics 208 for charging the battery storage 207. If there is no sunshine and the resulting lack of power generation from the photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, the electric pasture fence 200 can be operated with electrical power from the battery storage 208 become. The charging electronics 208 charges the battery storage 208 with excess power generated by the photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127.

The agri-photovoltaic system 100 also includes an electrical inverter 160, which converts the electrical power generated by the photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, which is in the form of a direct voltage or a direct current, into transformed into an alternating current or an alternating voltage. Thus, excess electrical power that is neither needed to operate the electric fence 200 nor to charge the battery storage 208 can be delivered to a public power grid.

In the 3 Agri-photovoltaic system 100 shown as an example includes 36 masts 110, 110 and 288 photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, which have a total surface area of approximately 470 m ² , which in turn is one Peak power corresponds to approx. 95 kW. The limited usable area 400 is, for example, only 80 m ² in size. These numbers illustrate the potential of the agricultural photovoltaic system 100 according to the invention.

4 shows an example and schematic of a mast 110 with a rail system 130. Eight photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 can be screwed to the rail system 130 and thus to the mast 110 via mounting rails 132.

5 shows the mast 110 of the 4 in a side view with mounted photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127. The photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 are, for example, inclined by 35 ° to the horizontal.

6 shows the upper end of the mast 110 5 in an enlarged side view. You can see the rail system 130 with the mounting rails 132 and the photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127.

Also shown, for example, is a mast head 112, which enables the rail system 130 to be easily rotated about the mast axis and the rail system 130 to be tilted against the horizontal in order to align the photovoltaic modules 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 that they achieve the highest possible solar yield.

Reference symbol list

100

Agri-photovoltaic system

110, 111

mast, post

112

Masthead

120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127

Photovoltaic module

130, 131

Rail system

132

Support rail

132

Birds of prey resting place

140

Cable route

150

grazing animal

160

electrical inverter

200

Pasture fence

201,202,203

wire

204

electrical wire mesh structure

205

Pasture gate

206

electric electric fence energiser

207

electric battery storage

208

Charging electronics

300

underground

400

limited usable area

500

Excluded area

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

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Cited patent literature

• DE 19952814 A1 [0004]
• EP 3496514 A1 [0005]
• WO 2022234556 A1 [0008]

Claims (29)

Agri-photovoltaic system (100), comprising a plurality of photovoltaic modules (120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127) and a plurality of masts (110, 111), at an upper end of each mast (110, 111) of the plurality of masts (110, 111) at least one photovoltaic module (120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127) is arranged and each mast (110, 111) of the plurality of masts ( 110, 111) is arranged with a lower end standing vertically in a subsurface (300), characterized in that the plurality of masts (110, 111) also represents a plurality of posts (110, 111) for an electric pasture fence (200). and these are continuously connected to each other by the electric fence (200). Agri-photovoltaic system (100). Claim 1 , characterized in that the agricultural photovoltaic system (100) is designed to supply the electric pasture fence (200) with electrical power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic modules (120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127). to operate. Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 1 and 2 , characterized in that the electric fence (200) further comprises an electric fence device (206). Agri-photovoltaic system (100). Claim 3 characterized in that the electric electric fence device (206) is designed to give high-voltage pulses to the electric electric fence (200) at a predeterminable frequency. Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 1 until 4 , characterized in that the electric pasture fence (200) further comprises an electric battery storage (207) and charging electronics (208) for charging the battery storage (207). Agri-photovoltaic system (100). Claim 5 , characterized in that the agricultural photovoltaic system (100) is designed to use electrical power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic modules (120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127), which is not used to operate the electrical Electric fence (200) is required to be fed to the battery storage (207) via the charging electronics (208). Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 5 and 6 , characterized in that the agricultural photovoltaic system (100) is designed to operate the electric pasture fence (200) with electrical power from the battery storage (207) when the plurality of photovoltaic modules (120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127) does not provide sufficient electrical power to operate the electric fence (200). Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 5 until 7 , characterized in that the agricultural photovoltaic system (100) is designed to receive electrical power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic modules (120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127), which is neither used to operate the electrical Electric fence (200) is still needed to charge the battery storage (207) to an external electrical network. Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 1 until 8th , characterized in that the agricultural photovoltaic system (100) further comprises an electrical inverter (160), which is designed to be one of the plurality of photovoltaic modules (120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 ) generated electrical direct current into an alternating current suitable for delivery to the external electrical network. Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 1 until 9 , characterized in that a large number of masts (110, 111) are continuously connected to one another by cable routes (140). Agri-photovoltaic system (100). Claim 10 , characterized in that the cable routes (140) carry DC cables which transport the electrical power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic modules (120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127). Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 10 and 11 , characterized in that the cable routes (140) are arranged on the plurality of masts (110, 111) above the electric pasture fence (200). Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 1 until 12 , characterized in that the electric pasture fence (200) further comprises at least one pasture gate (205), the pasture gate (205) being arranged between two adjacent masts (110, 111). Agri-photovoltaic system (100). Claim 13 , characterized in that the pasture gate (205) is made of aluminum. Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 1 until 14 , characterized in that the plurality of masts (110, 111) is designed as a plurality of ramming masts (110, 111) or as a plurality of pressing masts (110, 111). Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 1 until 15 , characterized in that the plurality of masts (110, 111) is hollow. Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 1 until 16 , characterized in that the plurality of masts (110, 111) is made of aluminum. Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 1 until 17 , characterized in that the plurality of masts have a diameter of at least 15 cm and at most 25 cm Agri-photovoltaic system (100). Claim 18 , characterized in that the plurality of masts (110, 111) each have a diameter of 20 cm. Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 1 until 19 , characterized in that the plurality of masts (110, 111) have a length of at least 5 m and at most 7 m. Agri-photovoltaic system (100). Claim 20 , characterized in that the plurality of masts (110, 111) have a length of 6 m. Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 1 until 21 , characterized in that the plurality of masts (110, 111) is anchored at least 2 m and at most 4 m deep in the ground (300). Agri-photovoltaic system (100). Claim 22 , characterized in that the plurality of masts (110, 111) is anchored 3 m deep in the subsoil (300). Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 1 until 23 , characterized in that individual masts (110, 111) of the plurality of masts (110, 111) are each spaced apart by at least 3 m and at most 4 m. Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 1 until 24 , characterized in that the plurality of photovoltaic modules (120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127) is arranged at a height of at least 2 m and at most 4 m above the ground (300). Agri-photovoltaic system (100). Claim 25 , characterized in that the plurality of photovoltaic modules (120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127) is arranged at a height of 3 m above the ground (300). Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 1 until 26 , characterized in that a maximum of eight photovoltaic modules (120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127) are arranged on each mast (110, 111). Agri-photovoltaic system (100) according to at least one of the Claims 1 until 27 , characterized in that the agricultural photovoltaic system (100) fences in an area (400). Agri-photovoltaic system (100). Claim 28 , characterized in that the area (400) is an agricultural area (400).

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