DE202022106892U1 - writing and drawing implement - Google Patents

Abstract

Writing and drawing instrument with a cylindrical colored lead (4) consisting of longitudinal parts (1, 2, 3) running basically parallel to the lead axis, the parts (1) being formed by a first shade, the parts (2) by a second hue and the parts (3) are formed by a third hue, and wherein the first, second and third hues are different from each other, characterized in that the first, second and third hues fall within a range of the C1 to C6 color space of the CIELAB colorimetric 1976 system with a standard illumination of D65 and a viewpoint of 10° of an additional standard observer, where:
the first hue and the second hue fall under the same region of the CIELAB color space; and
the third hue either falls within the same region of CIELAB color space as the first and second hues, or falls within a different hue of CIELAB color space than the first and second hues.

Description

technical field

The principle of the technical solution is a writing and drawing device that uses a multi-colored lead that allows the creation of a particularly smooth transition between individual color tones.

Background of the Invention

The field is familiar with multicolored ballpoint pens with slide-out colored writing inserts or mechanical pens with slide-out colored refills. We also know of multi-color markers with two or more nibs, into which ink is fed from separate cartridges, for example according to the inventor's certificate CS 262982 B1. There is also a pen with a triple core according to the inventor's certificate CS 193312 B1, which is used for signing double lines in carpentry applications.

In the field of classic pen products equipped with a single multicolor lead, we know a lead composed of separate color areas structured basically parallel to the lead axis, according to the published German patent application DE 3006684 A1 . The lead can have different cross-sections, which also determine the cross-sectional shape of the elongated color areas. Nevertheless, all elongated areas also affect the mine surface.

A disadvantage of this known solution is indicated by the fact that a monochromatic or at most bichromatic line is produced when writing or drawing with the lead in the identically inclined position. In order to achieve a color changing effect, the lead needs to be rotated around its axis, which is inconvenient and inconvenient during painting, writing or drawing.

This problem is addressed by document CZ 16234 U1, which discloses a multi-color writing and drawing instrument with a cylindrical color lead showing elongate areas of color that are generally parallel to the lead axis. The principle of the technical solution is based on a solution in which at least one of the colored areas lies inside the colored lead, does not interfere with the side surface of the lead casing and comes out at the tip area.

Advantages of this technical solution include the fact that it creates a multicolor line consisting of multiple writing tracks of different colors without having to rotate the pen around its axis when writing or drawing.

A disadvantage of the other solutions available so far is that they do not allow to create a perfectly smooth transition between individual shades.

Principle of the technical solution

The subject of the technical solution is a writing and drawing device that meets the above and other goals and that uses a multicolored lead that allows the creation of a particularly smooth transition between the individual shades. The transition between individual shades is created by mine mining and can be dynamically changed by tilting or applying pressure. This ensures that a completely original and unique trajectory is always generated.

The writing and drawing device according to the technical solution allows artistic creations that use an application of a chosen shade, accompanied by two other tones that are similar to each other but which do not have to be similar to the chosen shade.

• - der erste Farbton und der zweite Farbton fallen unter den gleichen Bereich des CIELAB-Farbraums; und
• - der dritte Farbton fällt entweder unter den gleichen Bereich des CIELAB-Farbraums wie die ersten und zweiten Farbtöne, oder fällt unter einen anderen Farbbereich des CIELAB-Farbraums als die ersten und zweiten Farbtöne.

The principle of the technical solution is therefore a writing and drawing instrument with a cylindrical colored lead, which consists of longitudinal parts (1, 2, 3) running basically parallel to the lead axis, the parts (1) being formed by a first shade, the parts ( 2) are formed by a second shade and the parts (3) are formed by a third shade. Said first, second and third hues are different from each other and fall within regions C1 to C6 of the color space of the CIELAB 1976 colorimetric system at a standard illumination of D65 and a viewpoint of 10° of an additional standard observer. Furthermore, the following provisions also apply:

• - the first hue and the second hue fall under the same region of the CIELAB color space; and
• - the third hue either falls within the same range of CIELAB color space as the first and second hues, or falls within a different gamut of CIELAB color space than the first and second hues.

The notion that the parts are structured essentially parallel to the mine axis means that ideally all or nearly all of these parts are parallel to each other or run along the entire length of the mine. However, it also includes cases when some parts, especially along the perimeter of the lead, are deformed, broken or, due to the given production process, are not exactly parallel to the lead axis.

There are three types of longitudinals in the mine that have three different shades of color.

The first, second and third hues are defined in such a way that they fall within a range of the C1 to C6 color space of the standard CIELAB 1976 colorimetric system (hereinafter referred to as “CIELAB”) under a standard illumination of D65 and a viewpoint of 10° of an additional standard observer.

For an objective definition of a hue, the standard D65 lighting (daylight) is used. It is specified in the ASTM D1729 standard as spectral irradiance, i.e. irradiance in relation to wavelength. Furthermore, the standard observation angle of 10° and the spectral sensitivity in the eye of the standard observer defined by CIE are used. The CIELAB colorimetric system is a spatial specification that associates the color spectrum in a three-dimensional space, where the color gamut in this system can be specified as a color body that can be uniquely described graphically or in tabular form.

The CIELAB colorimetric system is also known as the CIE L*a*b* 1976 colorimetric system, where

CIE is an abbreviation of the International Committee for Lighting (Commission international de 1'eclairage),

L* is a specific lightness (whether the color is light or dark), and

a*b* are the coordinates on the chromatic domain of the CIELAB colorimetric system, where the a axis shows colors from green to red and the b axis shows colors from blue to yellow.

In order to be able to display color body 3D models in a plane, we can show a projection graph of the cross sections of constant specific brightness L* from 10 to 90 units with a step of 10 units in the plane with coordinates a*b* .

This illustration is also used to indicate the technical solution, with the graphs showing each assigned L* line in the frame used.

At the right side of each figure one can see a graph of the sample area body profile with the highest specific purity on an area formed by coordinates C*L* (for the sake of clarity the C*L* graph shows only the curve of the sample area of the highest purity), where

C* is the specific purity defined by the formula $$C*=\sqrt{{\left(a*\right)}^2+{\left(b*\right)}^2}$$

In order to unambiguously define individual areas for the purpose of the proposed technical solution, the summary tables 1 to 6 are shown. They contain the values of the colorimetric coordinates for areas C1 to C6 for the CIELAB colorimetric system, as well as for the derived CIELAB colorimetric system, which, in contrast to the orthogonal CIELAB system, represents a cylindrical coordinate system in which the third coordinate is represented by a specific Hue angle h° formed is (indicated as hab in tables) whose value can be between 0 and 360° and which can be calculated from coordinates a*b* according to the following formula: $$H°=\text{arctan}\left(\frac{b*}{a*}\right)$$

Tabelle 3 Bereich C3 Beleuchtung: D65 Beobachter: 10° Koordinaten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 L* 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 a* 11 10 8 5 3 2 0 0 1 4 11 b* 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 0 0 3 C*ab 11 11 9 7 5 4 4 2 1 4 11 hab 16 19 24 35 49 68 83 94 327 5 16 Koordinaten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 L* 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 a* 23 22 18 12 7 3 1 0 1 9 23 b* 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 5 -1 1 7 C*ab 24 24 20 14 11 9 8 5 2 9 24 hab 17 20 25 35 49 68 83 94 327 5 17 Koordinaten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 L* 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 a* 40 39 32 23 14 7 2 -1 3 17 40 b* 22 27 28 28 28 28 26 16 -2 2 22 C*ab 46 48 43 36 32 29 26 16 4 17 46 hab 29 35 41 51 63 76 85 93 327 5 29 Koordinaten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 L* 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 a* 60 59 48 34 21 11 3 -1 5 25 60 b* 35 51 53 54 54 54 47 24 -3 2 35 C*ab 69 78 72 63 58 55 47 24 6 26 69 hab 30 41 48 58 68 79 86 93 327 5 30 Koordinaten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 L* 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 a* 77 75 62 43 27 14 4 -2 6 33 77 b* 44 67 72 73 73 74 61 31 -4 3 44 C*ab 89 101 95 85 78 75 61 31 7 33 89 hab 30 42 50 59 70 80 86 93 327 5 30 Tabelle 3 - Fortsetzung Bereich C3 - Fortsetzung Koordinaten 7 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 L* 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 a* 76 75 61 43 27 14 4 -2 6 32 76 b* 44 67 72 73 73 74 60 31 -4 3 44 C*ab 88 100 95 84 78 75 61 31 7 33 88 hab 30 42 50 59 70 80 86 93 327 5 30 Koordinaten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 L* 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 a* 60 59 48 34 21 11 3 -1 5 25 60 b* 35 51 53 54 54 54 47 24 -3 2 35 C*ab 69 78 72 63 58 55 47 24 6 26 69 hab 30 41 48 58 68 79 86 93 327 5 30 Koordinaten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 L* 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 a* 40 39 32 22 14 7 2 -1 3 17 40 b* 22 27 28 28 28 28 26 16 -2 2 22 C*ab 46 48 43 36 32 29 26 16 4 17 46 hab 29 35 41 51 63 76 85 93 327 5 29 Koordinaten 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 L* 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 a* 16 16 13 8 5 2 1 0 1 6 16 b* 5 6 6 6 6 6 5 4 -1 0 5 C*ab 17 17 14 10 8 6 5 4 1 6 17 hab 16 19 24 35 49 68 83 94 327 5 16

For convenience, the values of the individual coordinates are rounded up and given based on individual cross-sections of the constant specific brightness L*, as shown in the attached graphs on the figures. All data are calculated for the CIE, standard light source D65 and an additional 10° of a standard observer.

Table 3 Area C3 Lighting: D65 Observer: 10° coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8th 9 10 11 L* 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 a* 11 10 8th 5 3 2 0 0 1 4 11 b* 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 0 0 3 C*ab 11 11 9 7 5 4 4 2 1 4 11 have 16 19 24 35 49 68 83 94 327 5 16 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8th 9 10 11 L* 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 a* 23 22 18 12 7 3 1 0 1 9 23 b* 7 8th 8th 8th 8th 8th 8th 5 -1 1 7 C*ab 24 24 20 14 11 9 8th 5 2 9 24 have 17 20 25 35 49 68 83 94 327 5 17 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8th 9 10 11 L* 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 a* 40 39 32 23 14 7 2 -1 3 17 40 b* 22 27 28 28 28 28 26 16 -2 2 22 C*ab 46 48 43 36 32 29 26 16 4 17 46 have 29 35 41 51 63 76 85 93 327 5 29 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8th 9 10 11 L* 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 a* 60 59 48 34 21 11 3 -1 5 25 60 b* 35 51 53 54 54 54 47 24 -3 2 35 C*ab 69 78 72 63 58 55 47 24 6 26 69 have 30 41 48 58 68 79 86 93 327 5 30 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8th 9 10 11 L* 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 a* 77 75 62 43 27 14 4 -2 6 33 77 b* 44 67 72 73 73 74 61 31 -4 3 44 C*ab 89 101 95 85 78 75 61 31 7 33 89 have 30 42 50 59 70 80 86 93 327 5 30 Table 3 - continued Area C3 - continued coordinates 7 2 3 4 5 6 7 8th 9 10 11 L* 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 a* 76 75 61 43 27 14 4 -2 6 32 76 b* 44 67 72 73 73 74 60 31 -4 3 44 C*ab 88 100 95 84 78 75 61 31 7 33 88 have 30 42 50 59 70 80 86 93 327 5 30 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8th 9 10 11 L* 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 a* 60 59 48 34 21 11 3 -1 5 25 60 b* 35 51 53 54 54 54 47 24 -3 2 35 C*ab 69 78 72 63 58 55 47 24 6 26 69 have 30 41 48 58 68 79 86 93 327 5 30 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8th 9 10 11 L* 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 a* 40 39 32 22 14 7 2 -1 3 17 40 b* 22 27 28 28 28 28 26 16 -2 2 22 C*ab 46 48 43 36 32 29 26 16 4 17 46 have 29 35 41 51 63 76 85 93 327 5 29 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8th 9 10 11 L* 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 a* 16 16 13 8th 5 2 1 0 1 6 16 b* 5 6 6 6 6 6 5 4 -1 0 5 C*ab 17 17 14 10 8th 6 5 4 1 6 17 have 16 19 24 35 49 68 83 94 327 5 16

For example, the CI area contains different light tones of blue and green-blue.

For example, region C2 contains different tones of light of red, violet, and pink.

For example, region C3 contains different light hues of orange and brown.

For example, area C4 contains different light hues of yellow and yellow-green.

For example, region C5 contains different light hues of green and blue-green

For example, area C6 contains different light tones of white, gray and black.

• der erste Farbton und der zweite Farbton zwei Töne sind, die unter die Farben grau, gelb, orange, rot, rosa, violett, blau, grün, braun, schwarz oder weiß fallen, und
• der dritte Farbton entweder unter den gleichen Farbton wie die ersten und zweiten Farbtöne fällt, oder
• der dritte Farbton ein beliebiger Farbton ist, der unter eine andere Farbe als die ersten und zweiten Farbtöne fällt.

The writing and drawing implement can thus be arranged in such a way that:

• the first hue and the second hue are two tones that fall under the colors grey, yellow, orange, red, pink, violet, blue, green, brown, black or white, and
• the third hue either falls under the same hue as the first and second hues, or
• the third hue is any hue that falls under a different color than the first and second hues.

One of the implementations includes a technical solution in which the longitudinal parts that do not reach the mine perimeter can be in the shape of a square or a rhombus in the cross section that is orthogo nal to the longitudinal axis of the lead, any two adjacent parts of the same shade contacting each other at the apex and not at the sides of such a square or diamond. This solution ensures that the given color pattern changes regularly at the cross-section, and especially around the middle of the mine. As already mentioned above, the individual areas in the lead peripheral parts can be deformed, flattened, etc.

However, the proposed technical solution also allows other shapes of the longitudinal parts on the cross section, which allows a dense arrangement of the parts, for example triangles or hexagons.

In addition, other arrangements of the longitudinal parts of the same shade in the lead, for example stripes or concentric circles around the longitudinal axis of the lead, are also not excluded.

In the writing and drawing implement, one of its longitudinal parts may be basically central, i.e. reaching longitudinally to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical lead. This applies advantageously to the overall length of the mine. Nevertheless, due to the production process, the middle section may deviate from the longitudinal axis in some places.

A preferred embodiment can ensure that the longitudinal parts of the writing and drawing implement can be diluted with water or another suitable solvent. Solubility can be achieved, for example, by using a pigment binder (in individual areas of the writing and drawing instrument) that is at least partially soluble in water or in another suitable solvent. The solubility also improves the perception of the smoothness of the transition between individual shades.

Another preferred embodiment is applied to a set of writing and drawing implements including at least three writing and drawing implements as described above having different combinations of the first, second and third hues. This means that three or more, for example 6, 12 or 24 different color combinations can be used. Nonetheless, the sets included include at least three different color combinations and any number of repetitions of any of the color combinations.

character list

• 1 - CIELAB colorimetric system: projection graph of cross-sections of constant specific brightness at chromatic region a*b* and color boundaries at region C*L* - sample region: C1.
• 2 - CIELAB colorimetric system: projection graph of cross-sections of constant specific brightness at chromatic region a*b* and color boundaries at region C*L* - sample region: C2.
• 3 - CIELAB colorimetric system: projection graph of cross-sections of constant specific brightness at chromatic region a*b* and color boundaries at region C*L* - Sample region: C3.
• 4 - CIELAB colorimetric system: projection graph of cross-sections of constant specific brightness at chromatic region a*b* and color boundaries at region C*L* - sample region: C4.
• 5 - CIELAB colorimetric system: projection graph of cross-sections of constant specific brightness at chromatic region a*b* and color boundaries at region C*L* - sample region: C5.
• 6 - CIELAB colorimetric system: projection graph of cross-sections of constant specific brightness at chromatic region a*b* and color boundaries at region C*L* - sample region: C6.
• 7 - Lead cross-section for two versions of the writing and drawing implement.

Examples of the technical solution

A version of the writing and drawing device mine is in 7 shown, which illustrates the cross-section of the lead of the writing and drawing instrument with a cylindrical color lead 4, consisting of longitudinal parts 1, 2 and 3, which are basically parallel to the lead axis (for better clarity, individual parts at the peripheral areas are not marked on the pictures) .

In the left (right) part of 7 one can see implementations in which the longitudinal parts that do not reach the mine perimeter have the shape of a square (rhombus) in cross-section orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the mine, with any two adjacent parts 1, adjacent parts 2 and next Barte parts 3, ie parts with the same shade, are in contact with each other at the apex and not on the sides of such a square (diamond). This solution ensures that the given color pattern alternates regularly on the cross-section, and especially around the middle of the lead. In this case, the diamond shape was formed by deforming the lead parts during the pressing step, as described below. As can be seen from the figures, individual areas on the peripheral parts of the lead are narrowed and/or flattened at some points.

In the 7 The cross-sections shown demonstrate in particular that one of the longitudinal parts 1 is basically arranged centrally, ie extends longitudinally to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical mine.

A total of three example leads were prepared in the manner described above. Each lead consists of three types of longitudinal parts with three different hues of the color space of the CIELAB 1976 colorimetric system at a standard illumination of D65 and a viewpoint of 10° of an additional standard observer, as indicated in Table 7 below. Table 7 mine 1 mine 2 mine 3 Parts (1) CIELAB area C4 C5 C1 first shade ocher dark green dark blue Parts (2) CIELAB area C4 C5 C1 second shade yellow light green medium blue Parts (3) CIELAB area C6 C4 C1 third shade white yellow Light Blue

The given cylindrical color lead 4 can be used as an independent writing and drawing device.

The mines described above were inserted into a wooden case as a core. The writing and drawing instrument obtained in this way was treated with gloss varnish and a surface imprint and pointed on one side. A set was created consisting of three writing and drawing implements in different combinations of the first, second and third shades.

As part of another preferred embodiment, parts 1, 2 and 3 of the writing and drawing instrument have been water soluble using water soluble binders.

Industrial Applicability

The technical solution can be applied to the production of writing and drawing implements, while providing complex color effects and a particularly smooth color transition with a minimum number of drawing implements used.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 3006684 A1 [0003]

Claims (6)

Writing and drawing instrument with a cylindrical colored lead (4) consisting of longitudinal parts (1, 2, 3) running basically parallel to the lead axis, the parts (1) being formed by a first shade, the parts (2) by a second hue and the parts (3) are formed by a third hue, and wherein the first, second and third hues are different from each other, characterized in that the first, second and third hues fall within a range of the C1 to C6 color space of the CIELAB colorimetric 1976 system at a standard illumination of D65 and a 10° viewpoint of an additional standard observer, where: the first hue and the second hue fall under the same region of CIELAB color space; and the third hue either falls within the same region of CIELAB color space as the first and second hues, or falls within a different hue of CIELAB color space than the first and second hues. The writing and drawing implement claim 1 , characterized in that the individual parts (1, 2 and 3) which do not reach the lead perimeter have a square or diamond shape at the cross-section orthogonal to the lead longitudinal axis, any two adjacent parts of the same shade contacting each other at the tip, and on the sides of such a square or rhombus not. The writing and drawing implement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that individual parts (1, 2, 3) of the lead are water-soluble. The writing and drawing implement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the longitudinal parts (1, 2, 3) is arranged to extend longitudinally in the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical lead (4). The writing and drawing instrument according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first hue and the second hue are two tones that fall under the colors gray, yellow, orange, red, pink, violet, blue, green, brown, black or fall white, and the third hue either falls under the same color as the first and second hues, or the third hue is any hue falling under a different color than the first and second hues. Set of writing and drawing implements, characterized in that it comprises at least three writing and drawing implements according to any one of the preceding claims, having different combinations of the first, second and third shades.

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