DE202018005411U1 - Modular battery system consisting of battery packs consisting of modules that can be plugged together with a self-supporting plastic housing - Google Patents

Abstract

Battery modules consisting of parallel and serially connected battery round cells, characterized in that the battery round cells are held by a holding matrix made of plastic with precisely fitting recordings in the form of cylindrical cavities and this holding matrix on the four parallel to the battery cells round sides represents the housing of the module ,

Description

Batteries for mobile or stationary applications usually consist of modules of some or many single cells. These modules are interconnected to complete battery packs in parallel and / or in series. In addition to pouch cells or prismatic cells, round cells are increasingly being used. A common format is 18650 as used for example in electric vehicles of the company Tesla Motors. The modules are usually constructed as a metal housing, in which the cells are set. The metal housing takes, e.g. in the event of a crash from outside registered forces and so should protect the cells from destruction and fire. In order to fulfill this function, the housing components must have high wall thicknesses, which adversely affects the battery weight. Usually, the batteries manufactured in modular design are individually adapted to installation spaces and requirements, so that in every single case a rather high effort for the structural design is necessary. Furthermore, the production of the units is associated with high costs, since the production lines for each individual model have to be specially set up or retrofitted.

The present invention includes a highly customizable crash and fire safe battery of unmatched low overall weight with full mass producibility. The battery preferably uses round cells with the 18650 and 2170 formats. A consistently modular approach is used at both the module and battery pack level.

Brief description of the invention

The battery modules according to the invention have - in contrast to previous battery modules - NO housing. The housing functions such as holding the cells, protection against contact or protection in the event of a crash are inventively generated by a self-supporting plastic retaining matrix (see 1 ). The modules are designed in the style of "Lego bricks" so that they can be easily assembled into battery packs. Thus, the battery packs consisting of the modules according to the invention also have no housing.

module

1 , shows a preferred variant of the retention matrix. This consists of a plastic or plastic foam molding with round recesses for the battery cells. The battery cells are introduced in parallel in an automated process in the molding and then contacted by spot welding or soldering to contact plates. In this case, all positive poles of a parallel-connected realm of battery-round cells are connected by a structured Leider-band. The minus poles preferably have contact lugs on the side of the minus cup. The contact lugs of the negative poles are slightly over after insertion into the holding matrix and can thus be bent and connected to the associated plus band of the adjacent row. Preferably, the connection takes place by simultaneous soldering of all contacts by means of a heated lowerable soldering tool. For this, the contact strips and contact lugs are preferably precoated with solder. Alternatively, it can also be connected by means of spot-welding, laser or ultrasonic welding. Instead of solder tails and ribbons, it is also possible to use structured ribbons which already have bulges to be used as negative pole solder tails. In this design, the soldering / splicing can preferably be done before assembly or the minus connection takes place on the negative ring of the battery round cells.

The cells are held in the matrix by an upper and preferably also a lower holding frame (see (11) and (12) in FIG 2 ). A filter strainer is placed on the upper support frame, which in case of fire can absorb combustion gases in a controlled manner and guide them to outlet bores (see (20) in 4 ). The lower and upper sides are closed by metal covers, while the lower metal cover serves as a heat-conducting plate to dissipate the waste heat by means of air or water cooling. The metal lids have no supporting function, this is provided by the holding matrix (see (19) us (21) in 4 ).

plug-in system

The plug-in system according to the invention makes it possible to simply plug individual modules into battery packs of almost any design (see 6-11 ). For this purpose, the outer surfaces of the modules are provided with offset rectangular elevations and depressions, in which the adjacent modules can be positively inserted. This creates a self-stabilizing structure that is fixed by an outer frame of the battery pack. In the elevations rectangular bushings are recessed, are put through the stabilizing rods, which in turn are connected to the outer frame of the battery pack.

Two levels of modules plugged together form an areal distance between them, which can be used as an air duct for air cooling. Alternatively, there can be arranged a cooling plate, which allows an even more efficient water cooling (see 6 and 10 ).

battery Pack

The modules can be put together in all three dimensions in the appropriate number. This creates battery packs of arbitrary form factors (see 11 ). The battery pack consists of the assembled modules and an outer frame with stabilizing rods, which are inserted into the receptacles of the modules. The frame is built on a base plate. The base itself may in turn be built on a pallet or have the structure of a pallet. As a result, the battery pack can be moved by means of conventional lift trucks (see 12 ).

The cabling of the modules takes place on the outer surfaces. Voltages of 400-1000 volts can be achieved by parallel connection, although each individual module has voltages in the low voltage range, e.g. 48 volts.

The battery pack includes a battery management system, preferably in "master-slave" configuration, which is connected to the modules via connectors. The modules themselves each contain a module BMS component, preferably a "slave", which records, for example, voltage and temperature data of the module. The master component of the battery management system controls contactors or electronic switches that can switch on and off the power to be supplied to the outside.
Furthermore, the battery pack preferably includes a thermal management system based on air or water cooling. In addition, converters such as AC / DC converters or DC / DC converters or charge controllers can be integrated.

Battery pack stack

Battery packs can be interconnected to larger battery systems. For this purpose, the pallet-based battery packs are grouped together next to and / or behind each other. They can also be set in (high) rack storage and wired there. Preferably, the mounting surfaces are equipped with a receptacle into which the pallets can be adjusted in a form-fitting manner and, if necessary, screwed or otherwise fixed. A stacking is possible. Furthermore, they can be set in vehicles, e.g. on the loading platforms of vans, in semitrailers of semi-trailers or mini semi-trailers. As a result, mobile systems for energy transport can be realized in a simple manner.

The battery pack stack makes it very easy to set up large stationary or mobile battery systems with storage capacities up to the higher MWh range.

function integration

The present invention integrates battery management, thermal management, vibration safety, crash safety, fire performance and corrosion safety features in a completely new way. By formed as a self-supporting plastic molding holding matrix of the individual modules, the individual cells are fixed in unmatched stable manner. They are all oriented upwards with their plus poles and with their negative poles facing downwards and separated from the neighboring cell by a distance made of fire-retardant plastic (foam). This has the advantage that in the event of failure, a spread to the neighboring cells is usually prevented. By providing heat-conducting fibers, an anisotropic heat transport in the holding matrix to the cooling surface can be achieved. This heat transport in the retention matrix helps dissipate heat across the bottom surface of the cell outer cup. Since all cells are arranged with the negative pole to the cooling surface, there is a very uniform cooling. The self-supporting plastic molded part is also passively vibration and crash-proof equipped by between the holding matrix of the cells and the outside area by distances and holding webs a damping and "crumple zone" is formed (see (3) in 1 ). The fire behavior is positively influenced by the fact that in case of failure the fire gases of the primary fire are absorbed in a filter zone located on the positive pole side and particles are filtered off. A secondary firing is to be prevented thereby and by the distancing of the single cells (see (20) in 4 ). A multi-stage battery management system with "slave" components placed in the individual modules also makes it easy to monitor and control large battery packs.

Due to the structure of the invention, the battery pack itself can be limited to a simple and lightweight outer frame, which only has to perform a holding and fixing function. This makes installation and service easier, as there is good access to the modules at all times.

Preferred variants of the invention

The system according to the invention can work with any cells in the 18650 format. Thus, both systems with power cells and capacitance cells can be constructed, or combinations of both. Furthermore, different cell chemistries can easily be used, e.g. Li-ion cells or LFP cells (lithium iron phosphate). The module design can be further adapted to any other cell formats, in the future e.g. on the format 2170.

1 shows a preferred layout with 192 cells per module in 16 px 12s arrangement. When using Li-ion cells so voltages in the low voltage range below 60 volts can be achieved. Any combination of cells connected in parallel and in series is possible, which then results in different module dimensions. Thus, adjustments to the desired voltage level and the available space at the module level can be achieved.

The plug-in connections of the modules enable one or two-layer construction. In a single-layer structure, (large) area structures result with very small depth. A side surface is designed in this case as a cooling surface. In the case of a two-layer structure, both sides can be designed as cooling surfaces or a flat cooling channel is created between the modules. In the case of a two-layer structure, (large) area structures can likewise be created. Additionally and further preferably, an aggregation to the cubic structures is possible. These, in turn, as described above, are perfectly adaptable to completely different installation spaces of machines or vehicles, both by modular design and by module aggregation with regard to their expansions.

The battery packs can be built on pallets with further battery packs aggregated into stacks and larger battery systems. Both stationary and mobile applications are preferred.

list of figures

The invention is illustrated in FIG. 13 and will be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments.

• 1 1 zeigt das Formteil der Haltematrix. Die Haltematrix (1) wird vorzugsweise in einem Stück aus Kunststoff oder geschäumtem Kunststoff gefertigt. Der Kunststoff ist brandhemmend ausgestattet und besitzt vorzugsweise Mineralfasern zur anisotropen Wärmeleitung zum in der Darstellung unteren Deckel, welcher als Kühlplatte ausgelegt ist. Die Haltematrix besteht aus einer Anzahl von Hohlräumen (2) zur Aufnahme von Rundzellen, vorzugsweise im Format 18650. Von links nach rechts sind die parallel verschalteten Zellen angeordnet. Diese werden von oben nach unten seriell verschaltetet. Die 1 zeigt einen 16p12s-Modul. Im Randbereich zwischen den Hohlräumen (2) und der Außenverzapfung (5) befindet sich eine Knautschzone (3) zum Schutz im Crashfall. Der äußere Bereich der Haltematrix ist al Verzapfung zur Modulverbindung (5) ausgelegt. Die rechteckigen Zapfen passen genau in Aussparungen der anliegenden Module, sodass weitgehend beliebig größere Batteriepacks durch Zusammenstecken erzeugt werden können. Die zusammen gesteckten Module werden dabei durch Führungsstangen eines Außenkäfigs fixiert, dazu sind im Verzapfungsbereich quadratische Hohlräume zur Aufnahme der Führungsstangen (4) vorgesehen. Die Deckelbefestigung (6) erfolgt durch Schraubverbindung, jeder Deckel schließt durch eine Ringdichtung mit der Haltematrix ab. Alle Rundzellen sind in der Haltematrix durch Distanzen aus brandhemmendem Kunststoff (7) voneinander getrennt. Im Randbereich befinden sich die Aufnahmen für die Moduleinheit des Batteriemanagementsystems (BMS), vorzugsweise ein BMS-Slave (8) und Aufnahmen für die Modulpole (9).
• 2 2 zeigt wichtige Modulkomponenten zur Bestückung der Haltematrix (1). Die Batteriezellen (10) können als Satz in die Matrix eingesetzt werden. Ein Oberer Halterahmen (11) und Unterer Halterahmen (12) fixiert die Zellen in senkrechter Richtung. Der untere Halterahmen kann auch in die Haltematrix integriert werden, indem die unteren Öffnungen der runden Aufnahme entsprechen verjüngt werden. Die Öffnung ist mit Wärmeleitpaste gefüllt, um eine ausreichenden Wärmeübergang zur als Kühlfläche ausgeprägten unteren Deckel (siehe 4) zu gewährleisten. Die Modulkomponente des Batteriemanagements (Slave, 13) findet eine Aufnahme im seitlichen Randbereich. Die Auslegung der Modulkomponenten ist so gewählt, dass die Bestückung vollautomatisch in einfachen Behandlungsschritten in einer Produktionsstraße erfolgen kann. Die bevorzugten Montageschritte sind das Anbringen des unteren Halterahmens, das Einsetzen eines Satzes Rundzellen in die Haltematrix, die Befestigung des oberen Halterahmens sowie die Verlötung oder Verschweißung der Pluskontakte mit einem streifenförmiges Kontaktblech, im Falle einer Verlötung vorzugsweise unter Verwendung eines mit Lötmittel vorbeschichteten Hilumin-Bleches, gefolgt von der Verlötung oder Verschweißung der Minuskontakte oder vorzugsweise der am Seitenbecher angebrachten Fahnen der nächsten Serie an das Pluspolband.
• 3 3 zeigt die Außenkontaktierung des Moduls bestehend aus einer Stromschiene für den Plus- (14) und Minuspol (15), den Polkontakten (16, 17) und den Steckkontakten (18), um die Modulkomponente des BMS (Slave) an das BMS (Master) anzuschließen. Alternativ kann die BMS-Vernetzung auch über ein Nahfunksignal oder über eine auf den Hochstromverbindung aufmoduliertes Signal erfolgen.
• 4 4 zeigt die obere (19) und untere Abdeckung (21) sowie das brandhemmende Filtervließ (20). Die untere Abdeckung ist innenseitig mit einer wärmeleitenden aber elektrisch isolierenden Schicht beschichtet und hat die Funktion einer Kühlfläche zur Abführung der im Betrieb entstehenden Abwärme. Die Abwärme entsteht in den einzelnen Rundzellen und wird vorzugsweise über deren Außenbecher abgeführt. Die Böden der Außenbecher befinden sich in Nähe zum unteren Deckel. Der schmale Zwischenraum zwischen Becherboden und unterer Abdeckung wird durch Wärmeleitpaste ausgefüllt, sodass ein guter Wärmeübergang gegeben ist. Weiterhin kann die Haltematrix selbst mit wärmeleitenden Fasern ausgerüstet werden, deren Orientierung vorzugsweise senkrecht zu den Abdeckungen eingestellt ist, sodass eine anisotrope Wärmeleitung auch über die Haltematrix zur unteren Abdeckung erfolgen kann. Im oberen Bereich wird ein Filtervließ eingelegt, das vorzugsweise aus Glas- oder Mineralfasern besteht. Diese Vließ soll im Falle eines niederohmigen Versagens oder der mechanischen Zerstörung von Zellen einen gegebenenfalls entstehenden Primärbrand dadurch hemmen, dass die im Bereich der Umrandung des Pluspols entweichenden Brandgase gerichtet und außerhalb des Standraumes der weiteren Rundzellen zur in der Außenwand des Moduls befindlichen kleinen Ventilöffnungen geführt werden sowie mitgerissene brennbare Partikel abgefiltert werden. Auf diese Weise soll ein ansonsten zu befürchtender Sekundärbrand weiterer Zellen verhindert werden. Die Haltematrix selbst ist ebenfalls brandhemmend ausgerüstet, sodass sie in einem Brandfall ein Barrierewirkung entfalten kann. Die obere Abdeckung schließt den Modul nach oben hin ab. Beide Abdeckungen werden vorzugsweise mittels einer umlaufenden Ringdichtung aufgeschraubt.
• 5 5 zeigt das einzelne Batteriemodul. Es ist das Verzapfungssystem zu erkennen, mit dem jeder einzelne Modul mit Nachbarmodulen form- und kraftschlüssig verbunden werden kann. So können größere Batteriepacks bezüglich der räumlichen Ausdehnung flexibel gestaltet werden und vorhandene Bauräüme optimal ausgenutzt werden. Diese Funktion ergänzt die Möglichkeit der Einzelmoduldimensionierung durch die Wahl der Anzahl parallel und seriell verschalteter Einzelzellen. Die Verzapfung erfolgt dabei mittels mittels alternierend vertieft (22) und erhöht (23) angeordneten Elementen. Zur Stabilisierung der verzapften Module im Außenrahmen können Haltestangen durch entsprechende Durchführungsöffnungen (24) geführt werden. Die Verdrahtung der Module erfolgt dabei konsequent auf den Außenseiten der Anordnung. Dabei werden zwei Ebenen erzeugt, nämlich die erhöhte Ebene zur Verkabelung der Hochstromkontakte (25) und die vertiefte Ebene zur Verkabelung der Datenkontakte (26).
• 6 6 zeigt den Zusammenbau zweier Module. Die Module werden in Abhängigkeit ihrer Platzierung im Batteriepack mit einer dreiteiligen Nummer bezeichnet. Beispielsweise ist der Modul 1.1.1. in der linken unteren Ecke eines dreidimensionalen Stapels mit den Achsen x, y und z angeordnet. Die erste Ziffer bezeichnet die Position in Bezug auf die x-Achse, die zweite Ziffer die Position in Bezug auf die y-Achse und die dritte die Position auf die z-Achse. Beide Module 1.1.1 und 1.1.2 werden mit den unteren als Kühlkörper ausgebildeten Abdeckungen zueinander angeordnet. Auf der Kontaktierungsseite sind die unterschiedlich ausgebildeten Hochstrompol-Elemente dargestellt, bestehend aus eine normalen (27) und einem verlängerten Element (28). Durch diese Zusammenstellung entsteht aufgrund der verlängerten Elemente ein Zwischenraum, welcher dem Transport von Kühlluft in senkrechter Richtung dient. Alternativ kann im Zwischenraum ein Kühlelement mit Flüssigkühlung platziert werden. Die Abgrenzungslippen von Modul 1.1.1 (29) und Modul 1.1.2 (30) schließen den Kühlkanal nach außen hin ab.
• 7 7 zeigt den Zusammenbau der Module in Richtung der x-Achse. Es werden die zwei Module 1.1.1. und 2.1.1 so zusammengesteckt, dass die Kontaktierungsebene von Modul 1.1.1 (31) links angeordnet ist und die von Kontaktierungsebene Modul 2.1.1 (32) rechts angeordnet ist. Dadurch sind leicht zugängliche außenliegende Kontaktierungen möglich. Die Anzahl der in Richtung der der x-Achse möglichen Module beträgt zwei.
• 8 8 zeigt den Zusammenbau der Module in Richtung der y-Achse. Auf Modul 1.1.1 (31) wird der Modul 1.2.1 (33)formschlüssig aufgesteckt. Die Anzahl der Module in Richtung der y-Achse ist nicht begrenzt. Eine niedrige Anzahl von Modulen wird gewählt z.B. für kubische Batteriepacks. Eine höhere Anzahl von Modulen kann z.B. für flächige oder wandförmige Strukturen gewählt werden.
• 9-11 9 zeigt den Zusammenbau von acht Modulen (1.1.1 .. 2.2.2, 31-37). Die Module sind formschlüssig steckbar und bilden zwischen sich Kühlkanäle für Luft- oder Flüssigkühlung. 10 zeigt diesen Zusammenbau von acht Modulen in der Aufsicht. Es ins zwei senkrechte Kühlkanäle zu erkennen. 11 zeigt einen beispielhaften Aufbau mit 48 Modulen in drei übereinander und acht hintereinander angeordneten Modulen.
• 12-13 12 zeigt eine beispielhafte Modulkonfiguration im Zusammenbau eines kompletten Batteriepacks. Die Module werden von einem Außenrahmen gehalten. Die Platten des Außenrahmens (39) werden dabei durch Stabilisierungsstangen (40) verbunden, welche die Module direkt stabilisieren. Das Batteriepack kann durch Anbau weiterer Komponenten (41) ergänzt werden wie AC/DC- oder DC/DC-Wandler. Die Außenabdeckung (42) schützt das Gesamtsystem. Das System ist vorzugsweise auf einen Palettenfuß (44) aufgebaut, der eine optimale Intralogistik und Stapelbarkeit ermöglicht. Über eine Anschlussleiste mit Hochstromein- und ausgängen (43) können mehrere Batteriepacks zu unterschiedlich großen Gesamtbatteriesystemen aggregiert werden. 13 zeigt einen möglichen Zusammenbau von drei Batteriepacks zu einem größeren Batteriesystem.

The figures show the modules in a horizontal arrangement. The terms "top" or "bottom" refer to the relevant details only with respect to the illustrated arrangement. In the battery pack itself, the modules are in many cases installed vertically.

• 1 1 shows the molding of the holding matrix. The holding matrix ( 1 ) is preferably made in one piece of plastic or foamed plastic. The plastic is fire-retardant and preferably has mineral fibers for anisotropic heat conduction to the lower lid in the representation, which is designed as a cooling plate. The holding matrix consists of a number of cavities ( 2 ) for receiving round cells, preferably in the format 18650 , From left to right, the cells connected in parallel are arranged. These are interconnected serially from top to bottom. The 1 shows a 16p12s module. In the edge area between the cavities ( 2 ) and external tapping ( 5 ) there is a crumple zone ( 3 ) for protection in the event of a crash. The outer region of the holding matrix is al taping to the module connection ( 5 ) designed. The rectangular pins fit exactly in recesses of the adjacent modules, so that largely arbitrarily larger battery packs can be generated by plugging together. The modules plugged together are fixed by guide rods of an outer cage, in addition square cavities for receiving the guide rods (in the tap area 4 ) intended. The lid attachment ( 6 ) takes place by screw connection, each lid closes by a ring seal with the holding matrix. All round cells are in the holding matrix by distances from fire-retardant plastic ( 7 ) separated from each other. In the edge area are the recordings for the module unit of the battery management system (BMS), preferably a BMS slave ( 8th ) and recordings for the module poles ( 9 ).
• 2 2 shows important module components for equipping the holding matrix ( 1 ). The battery cells ( 10 ) can be used as a sentence in the matrix. An upper support frame ( 11 ) and lower support frame ( 12 ) fixes the cells in the vertical direction. The lower support frame can also be integrated into the retention matrix by tapering the lower openings corresponding to the round seat. The opening is filled with thermal grease in order to ensure sufficient heat transfer to the lower lid (see 4 ) to ensure. The module component of the battery management (slave, 13) is located in the lateral edge area. The design of the module components is chosen so that the assembly can be done fully automatically in simple treatment steps in a production line. The preferred assembly steps are attaching the lower support frame, inserting a set of round cells into the retention matrix, attaching the upper support frame, and soldering or welding the positive contacts to a strip-shaped contact sheet, preferably using a solder pre-coated Hilumin sheet in the case of soldering followed by the soldering or welding of the negative contacts or, preferably, the flags of the next series attached to the side cup to the plus pole band.
• 3 3 shows the external contact of the module consisting of a busbar for the Plus ( 14 ) and negative pole ( 15 ), the pole contacts ( 16 . 17 ) and the plug contacts ( 18 ) to connect the module component of the BMS (slave) to the BMS (master). Alternatively, the BMS networking can also take place via a near-field radio signal or via a signal modulated onto the high-current connection.
• 4 4 shows the upper ( 19 ) and lower cover ( 21 ) as well as the fire retardant filter fleece ( 20 ). The lower cover is coated on the inside with a heat-conducting but electrically insulating layer and has the function of a cooling surface for dissipating the heat generated during operation waste heat. The waste heat is generated in the individual round cells and is preferably dissipated via their outer cup. The bottoms of the outer cups are located near the lower lid. The narrow gap between the bottom of the cup and the bottom cover is filled with thermal grease, so that there is good heat transfer. Furthermore, the holding matrix itself can be equipped with thermally conductive fibers whose orientation is preferably set perpendicular to the covers, so that an anisotropic heat conduction can also take place via the holding matrix to the lower cover. In the upper part of a Filtervließ is inserted, which preferably consists of glass or mineral fibers. In the case of a low-resistance failure or the mechanical destruction of cells, this flow should inhibit a possibly occurring primary fire by directing the fire gases escaping in the vicinity of the border of the positive pole and passing them outside the still space of the further round cells to the small valve openings located in the outer wall of the module as well as entrained combustible particles are filtered off. In this way, an otherwise to be feared secondary firing of other cells should be prevented. The retaining matrix itself is also fire retardant, so that it can develop a barrier effect in case of fire. The top cover closes the module upwards. Both covers are preferably screwed by means of a circumferential ring seal.
• 5 5 shows the single battery module. It can be seen the taping system with which each module can be positively and frictionally connected to neighboring modules. Thus, larger battery packs can be flexibly designed with regard to the spatial extent and existing building areas can be optimally utilized. This function supplements the possibility of single-module dimensioning by selecting the number of parallel and serially connected single cells. The Verzapfung takes place by means of alternately deepened ( 22 ) and increases ( 23 ) arranged elements. In order to stabilize the bolted modules in the outer frame, handrails can be inserted through corresponding openings ( 24 ). The wiring of the modules is carried out consistently on the outer sides of the arrangement. This creates two levels, namely the elevated level for wiring the high-current contacts ( 25 ) and the in-depth level for the cabling of the data contacts ( 26 ).
• 6 6 shows the assembly of two modules. The modules are designated by a three-part number depending on their placement in the battery pack. For example, the module is 1.1.1. arranged in the lower left corner of a three-dimensional stack with the axes x, y and z. The first number indicates the position with respect to the x-axis, the second number the position with respect to the y-axis and the third the position with the z-axis. Both modules 1.1.1 and 1.1.2 are arranged with the lower covers designed as a heat sink to each other. On the Kontaktierungsseite the differently shaped Hochstrompol elements are shown, consisting of a normal ( 27 ) and an extended element ( 28 ). Due to this composition creates a gap due to the extended elements, which serves to transport cooling air in the vertical direction. Alternatively, a cooling element with liquid cooling can be placed in the intermediate space. The boundary lips of module 1.1.1 (29) and module 1.1.2 ( 30 ) close the cooling channel to the outside.
• 7 7 shows the assembly of the modules in the direction of the x-axis. It will be the two modules 1.1.1. and 2.1.1 put together so that the contacting level of module 1.1.1 (31) is arranged on the left and that of the contacting level module 2.1.1 (32) is arranged on the right. As a result, easily accessible external contacts are possible. The number of modules possible in the direction of the x-axis is two.
• 8th 8th shows the assembly of the modules in the direction of the y-axis. On module 1.1.1 (31) the module 1.2.1 (33) is plugged in form-fitting. The number of modules in the direction of the y-axis is not limited. A low number of modules is chosen eg for cubic battery packs. A higher number of modules can For example, be selected for areal or wall-shaped structures.
• 9-11 9 shows the assembly of eight modules (1.1.1 .. 2.2.2, 31-37). The modules can be plugged in form-locking and form between them cooling channels for air or liquid cooling. 10 shows this assembly of eight modules in the supervision. To recognize it in two vertical cooling channels. 11 shows an exemplary structure with 48 modules in three superposed and eight consecutively arranged modules.
• 12-13 12 shows an exemplary module configuration in the assembly of a complete battery pack. The modules are held by an outer frame. The plates of the outer frame ( 39 ) are stabilized by stabilizing rods ( 40 ), which directly stabilize the modules. The battery pack can be replaced by attaching further components ( 41 ) such as AC / DC or DC / DC converters. The outer cover ( 42 ) protects the entire system. The system is preferably mounted on a pallet foot ( 44 ), which enables optimal intralogistics and stackability. Via a connection strip with high current inputs and outputs ( 43 ) several battery packs can be aggregated to different sized total battery systems. 13 shows a possible assembly of three battery packs to a larger battery system.

characters

The figures show the modules in a horizontal arrangement. The terms "top" or "bottom" refer to the relevant details only with respect to the illustrated arrangement. In the battery pack itself, the modules are in many cases installed vertically.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1.

Retaining matrix as a plastic or plastic foam molding

Second

Cavity for receiving a round cell

Third

Crumple zone for protection in crash

4th

Square cavity for holding the guide rods

5th

Tapping to the module connection

6th

Fixing the cover

7th

Distance matrix made of fire-retardant plastic (foam)

8th.

Recording for BMS module component, BMS slave

9th

Recording for module pole

10th

Battery round cells

11th

Upper support frame

12th

Lower support frame

13th

BMS module component, BMS slave

14th

Power rail plus pole

15th

Busbar negative pole

16th

Pole contact Plus

17th

Pole contact negative

18th

Plug-in contact of the BMS module component, BMS slave

19th

Upper cover

20th

Filter fleece

21st

Lower cover

22nd

Tapping with the next module by means of rectangular recessed element

23rd

Tapping with the next module by means of rectangular raised element arranged

24th

Passage opening for holding rod to stabilize the bolted modules in the outer frame

25th

Lateral raised level for wiring the high current contacts

26th

Lateral recessed level for wiring the data contacts

27th

Hochstrompol element

28th

High-current pol element extended

29th

Demarcation lip module 1.2

30th

Demarcation lip module 1.1

31st

Module 1.1.1 with contacting layer on the left

32nd

Module 2.1.1 with right contacting layer

33rd

Module 1.1

34th

Module 2.1

35th

Module 1.2

36th

Module 1.2

37th

Module 2.2

38th

cooling channel

39th

Plate-shaped expression of the outer frame

40th

stabilizer bar

41st

Cultivation of other components

42nd

outer cover

43rd

Terminal block with high current inputs and outputs

44th

pallet

Claims (12)

Battery modules consisting of parallel and serially connected battery round cells, characterized in that the battery round cells are held by a holding matrix made of plastic with precisely fitting recordings in the form of cylindrical cavities and this holding matrix on the four parallel to the battery cells round sides represents the housing of the module , Battery module loud Claim 1 characterized in that the parallel to the battery round cells side edges are equipped with alternating taps of elevations and depressions so that two or more modules form-fitting side by side and / or can be stacked together. Battery module loud Claim 1 characterized in that the battery-round cells are oriented in one direction and the cover located perpendicular to the battery round cells acts as a cooling surface by being coated on the inside with an insulating layer and the battery cells are circular with their negative poles facing this. Battery module loud Claim 1 characterized in that the battery round cells are oriented in one direction and the positive poles of the adjacent cells to be connected in parallel to be connected to a contact band to which the negative pole contact lugs of the battery round cells of the next serially connected series of battery cells are connected , Battery module loud Claim 4 characterized in that the contact bands and the negative pole contact lugs of the battery cells round are pre-coated with solder and thus all the cells of the module can be soldered together in one operation. Battery module loud Claim 1 characterized in that the battery round cells are oriented in one direction and the positive poles of the adjacent cells to be connected in parallel to be connected to a contact strip which has an extension at the level of each cell of the next serially connected battery round cell to this at the negative pole to contact. Battery module loud Claim 1 characterized in that the battery round cells are oriented in one direction and above the positive poles and below the cover is a Filtervließlage which can filter and dissipate fire gases in case of failure. Battery pack consisting of battery modules loud Claim 1 characterized in that the battery modules by means of the taps of the parallel to the battery cells round sides are positively mated together and one above the other. Battery pack loud Claim 8 characterized in that the battery modules are held by rods which are guided by passages of the pins and are connected to the two end faces of the outer frame. Battery pack loud Claim 8 characterized in that the battery modules are arranged one behind the other so that the covers formed as cooling surfaces of two consecutively arranged modules are facing each other and their constructions are protruding, so that they form the side walls of a resulting cooling channel. Battery pack loud Claim 8 characterized in that the form-fitting by means of the interlocking battery modules and the outer frame are on a base plate, which is designed as a Palettenfuß or is positively connected to a pallet. Battery pack loud Claim 8 characterized in that the battery packs placed on the back of transporters or semitrailers of semi-trailers and the pallet feet are connected to the cargo area or mounted there pallet mounts by screwing, wedging or transport fasteners.

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