DE202016008656U1 - Securing tube for a high-voltage fuse - Google Patents

Abstract

Securing tube (1) for a high-voltage fuse (2), in particular for use in the voltage range from 3.6 kV and / or rated currents above 80 A, with a tubular, made of inorganic material, in particular ceramic material or glass material, inner insulating body (3) and with an on the insulating body (3) applied outer reinforcement (4) made of a plastic material.

Description

The present invention relates to a fuse tube for a high-voltage fuse, which is intended in particular for use in the voltage range from 3.6 kV and / or rated currents above 80 A, and a high-voltage fuse of the aforementioned type as such.

In order to protect electrical systems from fault currents, fuses are generally used. These are connected in series with the circuits to be protected and consist essentially of a particular sand-filled insulating body with end-to-end contacts, which are connected by one or more internal fusible link. When a defined current above the rated current is exceeded, the fusible conductor is heated so much that it melts and the circuit is interrupted in this way.

Fuses of the aforementioned type exist for a wide variety of power ranges. The present invention is particularly concerned with high voltage, high performance fuses, referred to briefly as HH fuses or generally high voltage fuses. In particular, the invention relates to high-voltage fuses, which are intended for use in the voltage range from 3.6 kV and / or rated currents above 80 A. Thus, high-voltage fuses of the aforementioned type, for example, in the voltage range of 24 kV from 200 A or in the voltage range greater than 24 kV from 80 A can be used.

Through their use for the transmission of large electrical power is provided in some high-voltage fuses in addition to a large applied voltage and the operation at relatively high electrical load currents. High-voltage fuses are generally larger in size than generally designed similarly low-voltage fuses. In particular, at high transmitted power in the event of a short circuit, when the fuse is blown, that is, when the fusible conductor melts, an internal arc occurs, through which the current continues to flow. In order to achieve a rapid extinguishment of the arc, high-voltage fuses are filled with an insulating material, for example quartz sand, which absorbs metal vapor immediately after the interruption of the fusible conductor (s) and develops through the arc into an insulating sintered body.

In high-voltage fuse technology, fuse tubes for fuses and in particular for high-voltage fuses consist primarily of ceramic or plastic. Both materials have specific advantages and disadvantages that determine the proper shutdown of the fuse. When the fuse is disconnected, partial arcing occurs along the entire length of the fuse conductor. If the securing tube is made of a plastic, the partial arcs can release carbon from the tube wall at high currents. Then, a total arc can develop axially along the pipe inner wall and the fuse fails.

To avoid the present problem, the present invention relates to a securing tube with an inner tube of an inorganic, in particular ceramic material or glass material. Such a material behaves electrically neutral in the case of an arc contact. However, the resulting problem is that the inorganic material usually has an inflexible and brittle structure. Expansion of the filling material due to a change in the material due to crystalline processes as a result of the high temperatures when an arc occurs can therefore lead to destruction of the fuse due to rupture of the insulating body. A satisfactory interruption of the fault current is then no longer possible.

From the US-A-4,283,700 is a high-voltage fuse is known in which a ceramic inner tube is provided, on the outside of a ceramic outer tube is applied. The inner ceramic tube has a good heat conduction but a poor thermal shock resistance. The outer tube compensates for this with good thermal shock resistance. Since the two tubes are made of different materials, they are made in separate steps and then brought together. Because of the brittle behavior of the ceramic material of both the inner and the outer tube short-circuit shutdown in the case of large currents cause both tubes burst and the resulting arcing can cause significant damage.

To counteract the destruction of the fuse is from the German Pat. No. 679,328 a Löschpulvergefüllte fuse is known, in which the expansion of the filling material is compensated by an elastic layer of rubber bodies and air gaps between the filler material and the outer, ceramic insulator.

Object of the present invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular to provide a fuse tube and a high-voltage fuse, wherein safe extinguishing of an arc is ensured even at high currents.

The above object is achieved according to the invention initially substantially solved by a fuse tube for a high voltage fuse, especially for use in the voltage range from 3.6 kV and / or rated currents above 80 A, wherein the securing tube a tubular, made of inorganic material inner insulating body and an outside Has on the insulator applied external reinforcement of a, in particular flexible, stable plastic material. In this case, the insulating body and the outer reinforcement are inextricably linked.

It is obtained a fuse tube in the form of a reinforced insulating tube, which already has both the necessary insulating properties as well as a high stability against mechanical deformation or forces occurring in view of a later use in a high-voltage fuse.

In the securing tube according to the invention, a material combination with an internal insulating body made of an inorganic material and an outside reinforcement made of the aforementioned plastic material is used. The inner insulating tube has very good insulating properties and serves in particular as an electrically neutral insulating section in the case of an arc contact. Occur in the case of high rated currents short circuits that lead to a breakage of the inner body at the shutdown, but a falling apart of the broken insulating tube and thus a release of the arc by the outer plastic reinforcement, which is permanently connected to the inner insulating, prevented. It is important in particular that the outer reinforcement is designed such that it can absorb larger radial forces than the inner insulating body, without breaking. Ultimately, the outer plastic reinforcement acts as a reinforcement of the inner tube, but without coming into contact with the arc.

The safety tube according to the invention has in a preferred embodiment, a particularly high stability to mechanical deformation, in particular when the reinforcement is applied to the outside of the insulating body over its entire length and in particular firmly connected to the outside of the insulating body.

It is particularly advantageous if the plastic material which is applied to the insulating body as a reinforcement is a fiber-reinforced material. In particular, suitable here are glass fiber and / or aramid fiber reinforced plastic materials. Especially with fiber-reinforced materials for reinforcement, the gain can absorb as applied to the insulator outer tube substantially higher radial forces or internal pressures, as the insulator, without a rupture of the reinforcement is to be feared. Finally, it is in reinforcements having a fiber reinforced plastic material, so that the outer jacket at occurring radially acting forces or internal pressures, which lead to a breakage / bursting of the insulator, do not lead to a bursting of the outer reinforcement, so that the gain holds the "fragmented" inner tube of the insulator together.

The application of the reinforcement on the insulating body to produce a solid composite is preferably carried out by means of a solid wrapping with appropriate adhesion, in particular in the filament winding method. This method is a common method, in particular to apply fibrous materials, such as glass fibers and / or aramid fibers, on cylindrical components. The fiber material is preferably wound in a cross-wise around the component like a coil. Alternatively, the reinforcement of the insulating body according to the invention can be effected by the application of a prepreg semifinished product, which is a fabric of preimpregnated fibers. Particularly preferred is a flexible mat made of fiber-reinforced, in particular glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP) is used, which is characterized by a particularly good mechanical stability. It is also possible, moreover, to apply the reinforcement by encapsulation of the insulating on this.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, an inner cap is used for contacting one or more fusible elements, which is / are introduced in a later step, in particular on an insert in the securing tube or for contacting other, outer components, such as the contact cap, in the subsequent re-use for producing a high-voltage fuse as such.

By an end-side mechanical processing of the securing tube after the application of the reinforcement, this can be brought into a form from which it can be used without further ado for the production of a high-voltage fuse. For this purpose, at least in one end region of the securing tube, its outer diameter is reduced, in particular, by removing machining, in order to be able to later slide on the inner cap and / or the outer contact cap at the end. Preferably, the processing of the securing tube takes place on the outside of the reinforcement, since makes the reinforcement much easier to handle than the inner insulating tube.

The application of the inner cap and / or contact cap can be further facilitated by an end chamfering of the securing tube. The introduction of a preferably circumferential groove in the end region of the securing tube allows in a first preferred embodiment later a positive engagement of the inner cap, in particular with its outer peripheral edge, in the groove to form a particularly strong connection.

As an alternative to the mechanical processing of the fuse tube after applying the reinforcement to the insulating body, the insulating body itself, that is to say before the application of the reinforcement, can be machined if the material of the insulating body permits this. Ideally, then adjusts the subsequently applied reinforcement of the shape of the insulator, so that the shaping is maintained by the processing even with the securing tube.

By a method for producing a high-voltage fuse, in particular for use in the voltage range from 3.6 kV and / or rated currents above 80 A, the high-voltage fuse a tubular, made of an inorganic material, in particular ceramic material or glass material, inner insulating body, one on the insulating body applied outer reinforcement of a plastic material and the end has an applied contact cap and wherein the contact cap is applied only after the application of the gain on the insulator, ultimately, a high-voltage fuse can be provided in a simple and cost-effective manner. In the further course of production, a fuse conductor or the melt conductor having fusible conductor system according to the desired specification of the high-voltage fuse can be inserted into the fuse tube and, preferably, the fusible conductor electrically conductively connected to the inner cap.

In order to effect a rapid extinguishment of an arcing occurring when the high-voltage fuse is triggered, the cavity of the insulating body, preferably after the insertion of the fusible conductor, is filled with an electrically nonconducting material, wherein in particular a quartz-containing material is advantageous. Such a material removes a large amount of thermal energy from a burning arc, so that the arc is rapidly extinguished. In addition, a conversion of the crystalline structure of the quartz-containing material, as a result of which an electrically insulating sintered body is formed, which prevents a re-occurrence of an arc takes place.

The present invention is a securing tube for a high-voltage fuse of the aforementioned type having at least one contact cap, with a tubular inner insulating body of an inorganic material, in particular a ceramic material or a glass material, and an outer reinforcement made of a plastic material applied to the insulating body. Preferably, the reinforcement extends over such a length of the insulating body, that the contact cap in the applied state, the reinforcement on the outside overlaps at least partially.

As already stated, a securing tube of the aforementioned type is characterized by a high mechanical stability and at the same time has a high dielectric strength required for an insulating tube of a high-voltage fuse. The outer plastic reinforcement ensures that even with a breakage of the inner tube whose fragments are held together, since the outer plastic reinforcement due to their more flexible structure can absorb much higher radially acting forces or internal pressures than the inner tube without bursting.

The resistance of the fuse tube is particularly high when the gain is formed as over the entire length of the insulating body extending outer sheath.

The tubular insulating body, which ultimately represents the inner tube consists, as stated previously, of an inorganic material, in particular a ceramic material or a glass material. Such an inorganic material has a relatively high thermal resistance and releases no conductive components when contacted with an arc. The insulating body in this context preferably has a single-layered construction.

The insulating body according to a first preferred embodiment, a wall thickness between 3 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 4.5 mm and 8.5 mm and more preferably between 6 mm and 7 mm.

Preferably, in connection with the plastic material according to the invention, the outer reinforcement, which is ultimately the outer tube, a fiber-reinforced plastic material is used. As a material for the reinforcement of the insulating body is particularly suitable a glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP). An existing from GRP or at least GRP having reinforcement is characterized by an extremely high mechanical stability and is also highly temperature stable. In the same way, this also applies to a plastic that is reinforced by aramid fibers. When Matrix material or binder of the fiber-reinforced plastic is preferably used polyester or epoxy resin. An alternative to fiber-reinforced plastic would be a thermoplastic material with high operating temperature, which can be processed, for example by spraying, or a thermoset. In an alternative embodiment of the securing tube according to the invention, therefore, the reinforcement comprises or consists of a thermoplastic and / or a duroplastic.

Although a multi-layer structure of the reinforcement is possible, this is preferably single-layered, but preferably multi-layered. As a result, the application of the gain on the insulating body and thus ultimately the production of the fuse tube as such is associated with a significantly lower cost. With a corresponding nature of the material used in the reinforcement sufficient stability of the securing tube is given even with such a single-layer structure.

With regard to the simplest possible application to the insulating body and the highest possible mechanical strength, the reinforcement is preferably formed as a closed layer. However, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention it is also conceivable, for example, for a coarse-meshed fabric, a network structure or similar, non-closed configurations of the reinforcement layer.

It is particularly advantageous for a further processing of the fuse tube according to the invention to a complete high-voltage fuse, if each end of an end region is provided with a reduced outer diameter. Ultimately, it is also about grinding the outer diameter at the ends to obtain a low diameter tolerance, a Groove and a Endfase. In particular, in the end region, the reinforcement is reduced in its layer thickness. Due to the reduced outer diameter, in a first preferred embodiment of the invention, a contact cap can be pushed onto the securing tube with an applied inner cap in such a way that a total of at least substantially flush course of the outer edge results along the securing. In a second preferred embodiment, a contact cap without inner cap is pushed onto the securing tube.

Although the end portions of the securing tube are preferably formed in a symmetrical manner, it is also possible for certain application situations that the end regions can be designed differently.

Preferably, the central region of the reinforcement between the end regions of the securing tube has an at least substantially constant layer thickness. In the case of an end-mounted fuse, the risk of bursting in the central area is greatest, so that the greatest possible and uniform stabilization of this area is advantageous.

The layer thickness of the reinforcement in the central region may be between 2 mm and 8 mm, preferably between 3 mm and 6 mm and more preferably between 3.5 mm and 4.5 mm. In the end region, the reinforcement preferably has a layer thickness between 0.5 mm and 4 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 3 mm and more preferably between 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm.

By a preferably circumferential groove, which is provided in particular in the central part of the end portion, a tight fit of a later applied inner cap and / or contact cap can be achieved by the possibility of a positive connection.

The inner cap engages in particular with its outer peripheral edge at least partially in the groove form-fitting manner. Additionally or alternatively, however, the inner cap can also be friction and / or materially connected to the end region.

In the case of a non-capped contact cap according to the above second preferred embodiment, the contact cap is preferably rolled directly into the groove. It is understood that in principle there are other ways to realize the positive connection between the contact cap and the fuse tube, for example by a magnet forming.

A chamfering of the reinforcement at the outside end of the end region makes it possible to easily set up the inner cap and / or the contact cap during assembly.

Preferably, the groove and the chamfer represent exceptions in the end region at least substantially constant layer thickness of the reinforcement.

The length of the end region may be between 30 mm and 60 mm, preferably between 40 mm and 50 mm and more preferably between 42 mm and 48 mm, and in particular is independent of the overall length of the securing tube, which may be between 180 mm and 600 mm.

The mentioned inner cap is used in a first preferred embodiment for the production an electrical contact between the inserted fusible conductor or a fusible conductor system and an outer contact cap when the fuse tube is ultimately mounted to a complete high-voltage fuse. It is understood that for this purpose, the inner cap is preferably made of an electrically conductive material. In particular, copper or copper alloys, for example, brass with different copper-zinc ratios, characterized in this regard by particularly advantageous properties.

In a second preferred embodiment without an inner cap, the fusible conductor or the fusible conductor system is electrically conductively connected directly to a pushed-on contact cap.

A fuse tube of the aforementioned type and having the properties described above can be used as a component for a high-voltage fuse, which in turn is also the subject of the present invention.

A high-voltage fuse of the aforementioned type generally has, in addition to a fuse tube according to the invention, an internal fusible conductor, or a fusible conductor system, in which the fusible conductor is carried by a wound body. The fusible conductor or the fusible conductor system is preferably surrounded in a high-voltage fuse according to the invention with an arc extinguishing agent, which at least substantially fills the cavity of the fuse tube. The arc extinguishing agent is in particular a quartz-containing material. Furthermore, the high-voltage fuse according to the invention has at each end a contact cap which serves for external contacting of the high-voltage fuse and which is connected on the inside via the inner cap in an electrically conductive manner to the fusible conductor.

Due to the use of a prefabricated securing tube made of an insulating body and an applied reinforcement, in a preferred embodiment of the high-voltage fuse according to the invention, the contact cap at least partially overlaps the reinforcement on the outside, since it is placed in the final process step.

In this case, the contact cap preferably engages over the end region of the securing tube processed in such a way that the result is an at least substantially flush course of the outer contour of the high-voltage fuse according to the invention.

The inner cap, which serves according to a first preferred embodiment of the production of the electrical contact between the contact cap and the inner fusible conductor, is also overlapped by the contact cap. There is thus a secure, electrically conductive, frictional connection between the contact cap and the inner cap.

Similar to the inner cap and the contact cap is frictionally, positively and / or cohesively placed on the end portion of the securing tube, so that there is a tight fit of the contact cap.

Other features, advantages and applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following descriptions of embodiments with reference to the drawings and the drawing itself. In this case, all descriptive and / or illustrated features, alone or in any combination, the subject of the present invention, regardless of their Summary in the claims or their dependency.

• 1 eine schematische Schnittdarstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungsrohres,
• 2 eine der 1 entsprechende Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Hochspannungssicherung,
• 3 eine perspektivische, schematische Darstellung eines aufgeschnittenen Isolierkörpers mit aufgebrachter Verstärkung zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungsrohres,
• 4 eine der 3 entsprechende Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungsrohres mit aufgesetzter Innenkappe,
• 5 eine den 3 und 4 entsprechende Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungsrohres mit eingesetztem Schmelzleitersystem,
• 6 eine den 3 bis 5 entsprechende Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Hochspannungssicherung,
• 7 eine der 2 entsprechende Darstellung einer zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Hochspannungssicherung,
• 8 eine schematische Darstellung des Sicherungsrohres aus 7 in axialer Ansicht,
• 9 eine schematische Darstellung einer zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungsrohres in seitlicher Ansicht,
• 10 eine schematische Darstellung des Sicherungsrohres aus 9 in axialer Ansicht,
• 11 eine der 9 entsprechende Darstellung des Sicherungsrohres aus 9 mit aufgesetzter Kontaktkappe,
• 12 einer der 10 entsprechende Darstellung des Sicherungsrohres aus 11,
• 13 eine der 9 entsprechende Darstellung des Sicherungsrohres aus 11 mit eingesetztem Schmelzleitersystem,
• 14 eine der 10 entsprechende Darstellung des Sicherungsrohres aus 13,
• 15 eine der 9 entsprechende Darstellung einer zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Hochspannungssicherung,
• 16. eine der 10 entsprechende Darstellung der Hochspannungssicherung aus 15,
• 17 eine perspektivische, schematische Darstellung des Sicherungsrohres aus 9,
• 18 eine der 17 entsprechende Darstellung des Sicherungsrohres aus 11,
• 19 eine der 17 entsprechende Darstellung des Sicherungsrohres aus 13 und
• 20 eine der 17 entsprechende Darstellung der Hochspannungssicherung aus 15.

It shows

• 1 a schematic sectional view of a first embodiment of a fuse tube according to the invention,
• 2 one of the 1 corresponding representation of a first embodiment of a high-voltage fuse according to the invention,
• 3 a perspective, schematic representation of a cut insulator with applied reinforcement for producing a fuse tube according to the invention,
• 4 one of the 3 corresponding representation of a first embodiment of a fuse tube according to the invention with attached inner cap,
• 5 a the 3 and 4 corresponding representation of a first embodiment of a fuse tube according to the invention with inserted fusible conductor system,
• 6 a the 3 to 5 corresponding representation of a first embodiment of a high-voltage fuse according to the invention,
• 7 one of the 2 corresponding representation of a second preferred embodiment of a high-voltage fuse according to the invention,
• 8th a schematic representation of the fuse tube from 7 in axial view,
• 9 a schematic representation of a second preferred embodiment of a fuse tube according to the invention in a side view,
• 10 a schematic representation of the fuse tube from 9 in axial view,
• 11 one of the 9 corresponding representation of the fuse tube from 9 with attached contact cap,
• 12 one of 10 corresponding representation of the fuse tube from 11 .
• 13 one of the 9 corresponding representation of the fuse tube from 11 with inserted fusible conductor system,
• 14 one of the 10 corresponding representation of the fuse tube from 13 .
• 15 one of the 9 corresponding representation of a second preferred embodiment of a high-voltage fuse according to the invention,
• 16 , one of the 10 corresponding representation of the high-voltage fuse 15 .
• 17 a perspective, schematic representation of the fuse tube 9 .
• 18 one of the 17 corresponding representation of the fuse tube from 11 .
• 19 one of the 17 corresponding representation of the fuse tube from 13 and
• 20 one of the 17 corresponding representation of the high-voltage fuse 15 ,

In the 1 shown sectional view of a fuse tube according to the invention 1 for an in 2 in the same way illustrated high voltage fuse 2 illustrates the basically two-layer structure of the fuse tube 1 from a tubular inner insulating body 3 and one on the insulator 3 applied external reinforcement 4 , For better recognition of the end properties of the fuse tube 1 is in 1 on the representation of an end cap applied inner cap 5 waived.

The insulator 3 has a tubular, that is essentially cylindrical, shape with a presently single-layered construction. With regard to a high arc resistance consists of the insulating body 3 of an inorganic material, wherein in particular a ceramic or a glass material comes into question.

With a wall thickness of present 6.5 mm gives the insulator 3 the safety tube 1 one for use as a high voltage fuse 2 adequate structural stability and rigidity.

As a second layer of the fuse tube 1 is on the outside of the insulator 3 encircling a reinforcement 4 applied. In the present case it is the reinforcement 4 around a GRP reinforcement, which was applied as a filament winding in a cross-layer. Glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP) based on polyester and / or epoxy resin has a high mechanical stability to the insulator 3 to protect against bursting due to radially outward forces in its interior. In addition, GRP has a high temperature stability.

The reinforcement 4 is at the in 1 embodiment shown in a single layer on the insulating body 3 applied. Based on the different layer thickness of the reinforcement 4 can be present end areas 6 of the securing tube 1 define where the fuse tube 1 has a reduced outer diameter.

At the in 1 In the embodiment shown, the layer thickness is the reinforcement 4 in the end area 6 at least substantially 2 mm.

Between the end areas 6 is a central area 7 provided in which the reinforcement has an at least substantially constant layer thickness, which in the present case is 4 mm.

Also in the end areas 6 has the reinforcement 4 at least substantially a constant layer thickness, which, however, is lower due to a mechanical processing than in the central region 7 , Exceptions to the aforementioned layer thickness, for example, make a likewise introduced by mechanical processing groove 8th as well as a chamfer 9 represents.

The groove 8th is formed as a circumferential groove with a circular arc-shaped profile. Possible embodiments of the groove 8th however, include other profiles, such as a rectangle or a triangle profile. In addition, it is understood that according to the invention more than one groove 8th may be provided or the groove 8th not circumferential, but may for example be segmented or spirally formed.

The chamfering 9 the reinforcement 4 is at the outside end of the end portion 6 provided and is used to facilitate pushing on a 4 illustrated inner cap 5 , By chamfering 9 becomes the layer thickness of the reinforcement 4 at the end of the end area 6 in the present case reduced by 1 mm over a length of 3 mm.

A reduction in the layer thickness of the reinforcement 4 also follows the transition 10 from the central area 7 to the end area 6 , where the reinforcement 4 in the area of transition 10 in the present case has a circular arc course. However, it is also possible, for example, one rectilinear oblique or a step-like reduction of the layer thickness.

The length of the end area 6 of the securing tube 1 is in the embodiment shown here between 30 mm and 60 mm. It is preferably between 40 mm and 50 mm and more preferably between 42 mm and 48 mm.

The length of the end area 6 is in particular independent of the length of the securing tube 1 which is usually between 180 mm and 600 mm, depending on the final embodiment of the HH fuse.

From the length of the securing tube 1 independent is also the diameter of the fuse tube 1 , At the in 1 shown embodiment, the outer diameter of the fuse tube 1 in the middle area 7 about 75 mm. With the aforementioned layer thickness of the reinforcement 4 and the wall thickness of the insulator 3 this results in an inner diameter of about 54 mm. The outer diameter is thus dimensioned so that it corresponds to the usual standard dimensions, which is particularly advantageous for installation in standardized switchgear.

The embodiment shown here of erfindungsmäßen fuse tube 1 has a high dimensional stability and low manufacturing tolerances. Its ovality is max. 1.0, its deflection 0.5%, and the non-tolerated dimensions result according to DIN 40680 medium.

Starting from a fuse tube 1 the in 1 can be described in subsequent process steps, which in the 3 to 6 for illustration, a high voltage fuse 2 as shown in the 2 and 6 produce.

After applying the reinforcement 4 on the insulating body 3 and corresponding processing of the end regions 6 is used to produce a fuse tube according to the invention 1 according to a first embodiment, each end an inner cap 5 on the reinforcement, ie on the reinforcement 4 pressed and in the groove 8th rolled, resulting in a positive connection of the inner cap 5 with the end area 6 of the securing tube 1 by an intervention of the inner cap 5 with its outer edge 11 in the groove 8th results. The inner cap 5 is rolled inwards so that they are the wall of the fuse tube 1 , ie the insulating body 3 with the applied reinforcement 4 , encompasses the end. In addition, the inner cap 5 frictionally engaged on the end area 6 of the securing tube 1 held. Alternatively or additionally, a cohesive connection, for example by gluing, is also possible.

By applying the inner cap 5 on the end area 6 receives the securing tube 1 in the 4 illustrated form. In terms of storage, on the other hand, only the pure safety tubes are preferred 1 according to 3 respectively. 9 and 17 stored.

For the subsequent production of a high-voltage fuse according to the invention 2 first becomes a fusible conductor system 12 in the cavity 13 of the securing tube 1 brought in. The fusible conductor system 12 has a carrier 14 on, as a wound body for one or more fuse wire 15 serves.

Depending on the later field of application of the high-voltage fuse to be produced 2 can be designed for different rated currents fusible link 15 or fusible conductor systems 12 used while each an identical fuse tube 1 is used from a stock.

For contacting is or are the fusible links 15 , as in 5 shown over a contact strip 16 by resistance welding with the inner cap 5 , which consists in the present case of copper or a copper alloy, electrically conductively connected.

In order to achieve a reliable, fast and permanent extinguishment of an arc in the event of tripping, the cavity becomes 13 of the securing tube 1 after one side of the fuse tube 1 has been sealed, in particular filled with a quartz-containing, granular arc extinguishing agent containing the fusible link 15 or the fusible conductor system 12 surrounds. In a subsequent process step to produce the high-voltage fuse 2 will be on the still open end area 6 of the securing tube 1 a metallic contact cap 17 placed, whereby a complete, inventive high-voltage fuse 2 as shown in 6 is obtained.

The contact cap 17 is so on the inner cap 5 pressed that in particular results in a conductive frictional engagement. For a tighter fit of the contact cap 17 can also be provided a positive and / or cohesive connection.

Because the contact cap 17 in the final process step for the production of the high-voltage fuse 2 on the end area 6 of the securing tube 1 is placed, with the securing tube 1 already one on the insulator 3 applied reinforcement 4 has, overlaps the contact cap 17 the reinforcement 4 outside, at least regionally. A subsequent wrapping with a reinforcing material is omitted in a high-voltage fuse 2 in the sense of the present invention.

The contact cap 17 engages over the inner cap 5 However, otherwise it only overlaps the end area 6 of the securing tube 1 , wherein due to the reduced outer diameter of the securing tube 1 in its end area 6 an at least substantially flush course along the outer edge in the high-voltage fuse according to the invention 2 results.

7 shows a second embodiment of a high-voltage fuse according to the invention. This is basically similar in construction to the first embodiment, which is based on the 1 to 6 is described.

Also in the present case is an insulator 3 a reinforcement 4 applied, and there is a mechanical processing of the fuse tube 1 in the end area 6 instead of. However, in the present embodiment, no inner cap 5 is provided. Instead, the contact cap 17 directly into the groove 8th rolled. The contact cap 17 is also shaped differently, namely at least substantially tubular and open end.

In 7 is an inventive, one-sided closed fuse tube 1 with inserted fusible conductor system 12 and applied contact caps 17 being shown, being in the cavity 13 filled quartz sand is not shown for purposes of illustration. Accordingly, in the axial view according to 8th of the securing tube 1 out 7 that in the cavity 13 of the securing tube 1 introduced fusible conductor system 12 to recognize.

The closing on the end only takes place in the last step (cf. 15 . 16 . 20 ) in the manufacture of a high voltage fuse 2 using the fuse tube 1 in the embodiment shown here.

The necessary manufacturing steps are in the 9 to 16 in each case in lateral and axial view as well as in the 17 to 20 shown in a perspective sectional view, analogous to the 3 to 6 for a first preferred embodiment of the fuse tube according to the invention 1 with an inner cap 5 ,

Also in the case of the second preferred embodiment, first a tubular insulating body 3 of an inorganic material with an external reinforcement 4 wrapped. Subsequently, the safety tube 1 in its end areas 6 mechanically machined so that the outer diameter is reduced and a groove 8th as well as a chamfer 9 be introduced ( 9 . 10 . 17 ).

Subsequently, each end of a contact cap 17 applied directly and in turn into the groove 8th rolled up, so that a frictional and positive connection of the contact cap 17 to the safety tube 1 gives ( 11 . 12 . 18 ).

The following is a fused conductor system 12 with a carrier 14 and one or more fusible conductors 15 in the cavity 13 of the securing tube 1 with applied contact caps 17 brought in. By means of a contact strip 16 becomes an electrically conductive connection of the fusible conductor 15 to the contact cap 17 , the external contacting of the high-voltage fuse according to the invention 2 serves, manufactured. The contact strip 16 is especially in the 14 and 19 recognizable.

After filling the fusible link 15 immediate cavity 13 with an arc extinguishing agent, especially with quartz sand, is finally the high-voltage fuse 2 end, ie at the contact caps 17 , by means of a lid 18 locked. The lid 18 can frictionally, positively and / or cohesively with the contact cap 17 be connected.

For the two discussed in detail preferred embodiments of the fuse tube according to the invention 1 applies, as well as for all other embodiments, which are the subject of the present invention, that a storage technology storage of the fuse tube 1 without applied inner caps 5 and / or contact caps 17 is preferred.

After applying the reinforcement 4 on the insulating body 3 and a mechanical processing in the end 6 becomes a safety tube 1 which can be stored in stock without significant aging phenomena. The inner caps used for contacting 5 and / or contact caps 17 are preferred only shortly before the production of a high-voltage fuse 2 using the fuse tube 1 applied, for example, to avoid the formation of electrically insulating oxide layers on the surface of the caps.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

fuse tube

2

High voltage fuse

3

insulator

4

reinforcement

5

inner cap

6

end

7

central area

8th

groove

9

chamfer

10

crossing

11

outer edge

12

Fusible System

13

cavity

14

carrier

15

fuse element

16

Contact strips

17

Contact cap

18

cover

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 4283700 A [0007]
• DE 679328 [0008]

Claims (14)

Securing tube (1) for a high-voltage fuse (2), in particular for use in the voltage range from 3.6 kV and / or rated currents above 80 A, with a tubular, made of inorganic material, in particular ceramic material or glass material, inner insulating body (3) and with an on the insulating body (3) applied outer reinforcement (4) made of a plastic material. Safety tube after Claim 1 , characterized in that the plastic material of the reinforcement (4) is formed flexibly stable. Safety tube after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the plastic material of the reinforcement (4) fiber-reinforced, in particular glass fiber and / or aramid fiber reinforced, in particular where as a binder polyester and / or epoxy resin is provided, and / or that the plastic material of the reinforcement (4) is a thermoplastic material and / or has or consists of a duroplastic. Securing pipe according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcement (4) in the filament winding method, by encapsulation and / or by applying a prepreg semifinished product, in particular in the form of a mat, can be applied. Securing tube according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcement (4) is formed as over the entire length of the insulating body (3) extending outer sheath, and / or that the insulating body (3) is formed in one layer, and / or the reinforcement (4) is formed as one or more layers and / or as a closed layer. Securing tube according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulating body (3), in particular before the application of the reinforcement (4), and / or the securing tube (1), in particular after application of the reinforcement (4), end to reduce the outer diameter and / or for smoothing the surface and / or for introducing a preferably circumferential groove (8) and / or for effecting a chamfer (9) has been machined and / or machined. Securing pipe according to one of the preceding Claims 6 to 8th , characterized in that at the end in each case an end region (6) with a reduced outer diameter, in particular the reinforcement (4), is provided. Safety tube after Claim 7 , characterized in that on the end region (6) an inner cap (5) made of an electrically conductive material, in particular of copper or a copper alloy, is applied, preferably wherein the inner cap (5) on the outside at least partially overlaps the reinforcement (4). Safety tube after Claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that in the end region (6) a preferably circumferential groove (8) is provided, preferably wherein the inner cap (5), in particular with its outer peripheral edge (11) at least partially positively into the groove (8) engages. Safety tube after Claim 7 . 8th or 9 , characterized in that at the outer end of the end region (6) has a chamfer (9) of the reinforcement (4) is provided. High-voltage fuse (2), in particular for use in the voltage range from 3.6 kV and / or rated currents above 80 A with a tubular, made of an inorganic material, in particular ceramic material or glass material, inner insulating body (3), with a on the insulator (3) applied external reinforcement made of a plastic material (4) and with at least one applied contact cap (17), wherein the contact cap (17) after the application of the reinforcement (4) on the insulating body (3) can be applied and in the mounted state the reinforcement (4) at least partially overlaps. High voltage fuse after Claim 11 , characterized in that the securing tube (1) before storage of the high-voltage fuse (2) can be stored in stock. High-voltage fuse (2) with a fuse tube (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 10 and with two contact caps (17) and / or at least one inner cap (5). High voltage fuse after Claim 13 , characterized in that the contact cap (17) engages over the reinforcement (4) on the outside at least partially and / or only the end region (6) of the securing tube (1).

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