DE202016008626U1 - Arrangement with a crane - Google Patents

Abstract

Arrangement (9) with a crane (1) and a load (3) to be lifted therewith, wherein the arrangement (9) further comprises an alignment device (23) which is arranged to align the crane (1) relative to the load (3) to provide an upright, especially vertical, oriented light beam (29).

Description

The present invention relates to an arrangement with a crane according to claim 1.

Cranes in various embodiments are known in the art, e.g. as construction cranes, mobile cranes (mobile cranes), overhead cranes or gantry cranes, the latter e.g. also as indoor cranes. The cranes each comprise a crane cable positioning assembly, e.g. by means of a trolley and a frame guiding the same, in the case of vehicle cranes e.g. formed by means of the telescopic crane arm assembly including rotatable mounting of the crane arm. The crane cable positioning assembly can be used to load a lifting device suspended on the crane cable, such as a crane. a crane hook can be spent at the place of the load. Common to the cranes here is also all a crane cable deflection device, which in vehicle cranes, e.g. is mounted on the load-side crane arm or boom end, in the case of gantry cranes, e.g. is arranged on the trolley.

The problem with cranes is generally that the orientation of the lifting device, rope, suspension point and load lifting equipment can not always be detected with sufficient certainty. If the load is subjected to a lateral force when lifted by the crane, the load is consequently endeavored to assume a rest position after lifting, whereby oscillation of the load can occur, which is problematical in particular with regard to the safety of man and material is. The 1 to 3 illustrate possible situations before a load lifting closer.

1 in this case shows a gantry crane with a load arranged underneath a crane rope, wherein in the arrangement shown a pendulum-free lifting of the load would be possible if the load along a vertical lifting track of the crane (in 1 along the Y-axis) is raised, which corresponds to a lifting track of the crane of a load-free state (load-free hub), ie free of lateral forces. In 1 However, the load is offset to the Y axis, which is recognizable in the viewer position B, but not in position A. For a pendulum-free lifting of the load, it would be necessary in this respect to relocate the load to the load-free Hubspur relatively, ie in the X direction. Such a proper orientation, in which the load can be lifted pendulum-free, ie along the load-free Hubspur shows 2 ,

3 illustrates a situation analogous to that of 1 for a gantry crane with two crane rope suspension points. Again, it would come after raising the arranged in XY plane with offset to the load-free Hubspur load to a transverse force-induced pendulum motion of the same, as long as no correction of the relative position is made to the suspension points, such as a dashed line in the 3 , right side at B, is indicated.

In order to be able to judge whether the load is as pendulum-free or in rest position by means of the crane can be raised, it always requires a consideration from different observer positions. However, the closer the viewer is at the load to be lifted, the more difficult it is to judge whether the alignment of the load, rope and suspension point is correct, especially for a vertical lift, undisturbed by horizontal forces. If there is still no reference point to the side, this assessment is made even more difficult. Furthermore, the correction of the relative position of the crane to the load is complicated in such a procedure, since the observer after each correction, e.g. in the context of remote control of the crane, must again assume the different positions in order to conclude that the intended pendulum-free lifting, i. especially along the load-free Hubspur well.

To overcome these difficulties is known in the art with the document DE 10 2008 023 410 A1 a device has been proposed in which the horizontal deflection of the lifting device is measured, that is to record the load in the rest position can. However, this device is expensive in terms of construction and evaluation.

Proceeding from this, the present invention has the object to provide an arrangement with a crane, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and allows easy alignment of the load relative to the crane for a pendulum-free lifting.

This object is achieved by an arrangement having the features of claim 1.

Advantageous developments and embodiments are specified in the further claims.

According to the invention, an arrangement with a crane and a load to be lifted therewith is proposed, wherein the crane can generally be a mobile crane, a construction crane, a ceiling or overhead crane, in particular also a gantry crane. For ease of use, the crane can be remotely controlled, for example. The crane load in the context of the present invention is a load which is to be lifted by the crane in a manner known per se, for example via at least one crane cable, as well as a load handling device of the crane, eg a crane hook or a load lifting gear, generally via a load engaging end of the crane Crane. Preferably, the crane load to be lifted is horizontally supported or aligned, for example on a level surface such as a (hall) floor (with the load in particular in rest position).

The arrangement further comprises an alignment device, which is set up to provide a vertically oriented, in particular vertically oriented, light beam for aligning the crane relative to the load, preferably a laser beam. Advantageously, an offset of a load position (preferably a center of gravity of the load) to a current vertical rest position elevation track of the crane (corresponding to the current crane position) can be simply visualized or determined via the upright oriented light beam, in particular over the load. a horizontal offset. As load-free Hubspur here the vertical is designated, along which the crane a stroke of the load engagement end is made possible when the load engagement end, usually formed by a load handling means, is load-free.

By means of the invention, it is therefore possible in a simple manner to produce or control an intended relative position of crane and load for a pendulum-free lifting of the load via a light marking indicating the horizontal offset, without having to assume a number of different observer positions for this purpose.

The alignment device in preferred embodiments comprises a light pointer and further preferably a projection surface, wherein the alignment device is arranged to provide the upright oriented light beam by means of the light pointer.

Further preferably, the arrangement is arranged here, i. in particular by suitable pairing of light beam and target surface or suitable configuration of the alignment device, that the light beam generates a light mark on a target area of the target surface when the crane load in rest position can be lifted by the crane, i. in particular above its center of gravity and, in particular, along the (vertical) load-free lifting track of the crane. For this purpose, either the light beam or the target area can be arranged in a crane-oriented lying in load-free Hubspur, while the ever different functional component, i. the target area or the light beam load-oriented, can be arranged.

In order to take the relative position of crane and crane load by means of the alignment, in which the crane load can be lifted pendulum-free, the arrangement is preferably adapted to move the light pointer and the target surface horizontally relative to each other by the crane, that is, until the intended light mark recognizable on the target surface, in particular visually. Preferably, in this case, the alignment device is also set up to provide the upright, in particular vertical, oriented light beam so that its axis passes through the center of gravity of the crane load, with the light mark being generated at the target area of the target area, so that with an elevation in the direction of the light beam, i. in the vertical direction or overlapping target surface, the rest position of the load can be reliably preserved.

Preferred embodiments of the arrangement according to the invention are that the target surface or the light pointer in the context of the arrangement via a Kranseil positioning assembly of the crane with a horizontal direction component relative to the light pointer or the target surface is displaced to over the displacement for lifting the crane load with Stay in rest position to project a light marker through the upright light beam at the target surface. The crane cable positioning assembly may, for example in the case of a mobile crane, comprise, for example, a telescopic or pivotable crane boom, in the case of a overhead or gantry crane, for example a crane frame with a traveling trolley or in the case of a construction crane e.g. a pivotable boom with movable trolley.

In the context of the invention, the light pointer can generally be a light-emitting device with preferably light-bundling or focusing effect, wherein the emitted light forming the light beam is furthermore preferably emitted in the visible spectrum, that is to say is visually detectable. Preferably, the light pointer may be a laser pointer, next to it, for example, also be formed by means of an LED lamp or a conventional (pocket) lamp.

In the context of the present invention, the target surface, in particular in the sense of a projection surface, is in particular an area whose target area overlaps vertically with the light pointer and in particular the upwardly oriented light beam when both the light beam and the target area are aligned with the load-free lifting track of the crane are, in particular coaxial with it. If in this case the load-free lifting track coincides in particular also with the vertical through the center of gravity of the crane load, the load can be lifted without suspension or in rest position remaining with the crane.

In the context of the present invention, the target area and the light pointer can be positioned differently. Preferred embodiments are for example to arrange the light pointer load-oriented, for example, on the crane load or on a load engagement end of the crane or on the Crane rope (the light beam in particular in the vertical direction away from the load points or upwards). The target surface (preferably arranged in the load-free lifting track) may, in such an embodiment, be arranged remotely in the direction of crane crane suspension, for example on the crane cable positioning assembly, for example on a crane cable deflection device thereof.

Alternatively, the light pointer may, for example, be arranged remote from the load on the crane (preferably in the load-free lifting track), for example on the crane rope positioning assembly or on the crane cable, the upwardly oriented light beam pointing in particular towards the crane load (or downwards). In this case, the target surface can be load-oriented, e.g. at the crane load or at the load-engaging end, e.g. be formed a load receiving means. Generally, as already mentioned above, it is desirable to arrange one component of the target surface and light pointer close to the load (eg on the load, the load handling device or close to the crane rope), the other remote from the load (eg at the crane cable suspension point, at the deflection device, eg at the crane frame or on a trolley).

In particular, in order to ensure regularly that the light beam has the intended upright or vertical orientation, the light pointer can preferably be capable of self-alignment. For example, the light pointer may include a gimbal or liquid bearing fixture that allows such self-alignment.

Advantageous developments of the invention also result from the fact that the arrangement is set up by evaluating a positional deviation of the upright, in particular vertically oriented light beam or the light marking of the target area of the target surface control of the crane (for lifting the crane load with remaining in rest position) to effect, in particular automated. An evaluation of a position deviation at the target area from the target area of the same can be done, for example, by an image evaluation or via (brightness or light) sensors, in particular likewise automated. For such evaluation-based control, the arrangement may be computerized, for example.

In terms of the design of the crane load, this is preferably provided in the context of the present invention with a suspension means, for example at least one eye, a hook or a different suspension means, which is arranged or
is positioned so that the crane load can be raised by means of the suspension means also above its center of gravity, that is, when lifting vertically, as far as possible without tilting.

In general, it is noteworthy in the context of the present invention that it may be advantageous due to the simplicity to attach the light pointer to the load, which also results in a high variability with regard to the integration into existing work and production processes.

Furthermore, it should be noted that in the context of the present invention, no separate target area is necessary, but existing surfaces on crane or load can be used suitably. Alternatively or additionally, however, the target area may also be provided as a separate area, e.g. provided with a destination mark for the destination area. Like the light pointer, such a target surface can be reversibly or permanently attached. A separate target area may e.g. be useful if on the load or the crane no suitable target area can be provided.

In particular, reversibly mounted, the light pointer is preferably arranged at a position which can comfortably reach a person operating the crane.

For example, the light pointer can be easily attached to the load. For mounting on the load handling device or on the crane rope this only needs to be lowered, so that even here the effortless attachment is given.

The light pointer can provide continuous operation within the scope of the invention or needs-based activation, whereby - especially in battery operation - in particular the operating time is advantageously long. Selective activation may be achieved by manual intervention, e.g. via switch, or e.g. done by a remote control device. A remote control device may hereby be separate or e.g. be formed integrated into a remote control device of the crane. A remote control device and the associated light pointer may e.g. also be individually programmable. Provided, for example, be both components with a communication module, e.g. to equip a Bluetooth module, which allows an individual pairing. Thus, using multiple alignment devices in a common work environment, e.g. a hall, ensuring that they do not interfere inadvertently.

Furthermore, in the context of the present invention, a ground supporting the load may also be an inclined plane or surface (i.e., in particular with configurations of the arrangement in which the alignment device is arranged for readjustment or self-alignment, so far as to compensate for the inclination).

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments of the invention, with reference to the figures of the drawings, which show details essential to the invention, and from the claims. The individual features may be implemented individually for themselves or for a plurality of different combinations in a variant of the invention.

• 1 exemplarisch und schematisch in einer abgebrochenen Schnittansicht einen Kran aus dem Stand der Technik, wobei die Last nicht pendelfrei anhebbar ist.
• 2 exemplarisch und schematisch in einer abgebrochenen Schnittansicht den Kran aus 1 , wobei die Last in Ruhelage verbleibend und insoweit pendelfrei anhebbar ist.
• 3 exemplarisch und schematisch einen Kran mit einer Mehrzahl von Kranseil-Aufhängungspunkten aus dem Stand der Technik, wobei die Last nicht pendelfrei anhebbar ist.
• 4a, b, c exemplarisch und schematisch abgebrochene Ansichten einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung mit verschiedenen Relativstellungen von Kran und Kranlast.
• 5 exemplarisch und schematisch ein Detail einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung, gerichtet auf eine Laufkatze mit daran angeordnetem Lastaufnahmemittel.
• 6a, b exemplarisch und schematisch je eine Anordnung, bei welcher der Lichtzeiger an der Last angeordnet ist gemäß noch einer möglichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung.
• 7 exemplarisch und schematisch eine Anordnung gemäß 7, wobei das Lastaufnahmemittel mit einer Kette gebildet ist.
• 8 exemplarisch und schematisch eine Anordnung mit einem Mobilkran gemäß noch einer weiteren möglichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung.
• 9a bis f exemplarisch und schematisch Ansichten möglicher Zielflächen der Ausrichtevorrichtung zur Veranschaulichung einer Steuerfunktionalität der Anordnung.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

• 1 an example and schematically in a broken sectional view of a crane from the prior art, the load is not pendulum-free liftable.
• 2 exemplary and schematically in a broken sectional view of the crane 1 , wherein the load remaining in rest position and in this respect is pendulum-free liftable.
• 3 exemplary and schematically a crane with a plurality of crankshaft suspension points from the prior art, wherein the load is not pendulum-free liftable.
• 4a, b , c exemplary and schematically broken views of an inventive arrangement with different relative positions of crane and crane load.
• 5 by way of example and schematically a detail of a further arrangement according to the invention directed to a trolley with load-receiving means arranged thereon.
• 6a, b exemplary and schematically each an arrangement in which the light pointer is disposed on the load according to yet another embodiment of the invention.
• 7 exemplary and schematically an arrangement according to 7 , wherein the load-receiving means is formed with a chain.
• 8th exemplary and schematically an arrangement with a mobile crane according to yet another possible embodiment of the invention.
• 9a to f are exemplary and schematic views of possible target surfaces of the alignment device for illustrating a control functionality of the arrangement.

In the following description and the drawings, the same reference numerals correspond to elements of the same or comparable function. Elements of the prior art are provided with primed reference numerals.

The 1 to 3 show with the left side of the figure each a crane 1' , in particular a gantry crane, with a (crane) load 3 'to be lifted, which has at least one crane cable 5 ' and on the load side on the crane rope 5 ' arranged load-carrying means 7 ' (the latter is in the 1 3 shown simplified) can be raised. Such a crane 1' is also for the formation of the inventive arrangement 9 usable.

The respective crane rope 5 ' is from a suspension point 11 ' a crane rope positioning device 13 ' to the load 3. ' led, with the load 3. ' horizontally supported and in rest position. The suspension point 11 ' is for example on a trolley 15 ' of the crane 1' or the crane rope positioning device 13 ' formed (which latter, for example, a crane scaffolding 17 ' included), preferably for example on a deflection device 19 ' or deflection roller of the crane rope positioning device 13 ' , in particular the trolley 15 ' ,

To the crane 1' the crane load 3. ' to lift pendulum-free, that is such that the crane load 3. ' in the context of a lifting maintains its rest position, it is necessary to load 3. ' opposite the crane 1' suitable to align, in particular such that a lifting of the crane load 3. ' in the vertical and thereby allows the load center. In other words, it is necessary for a swing-free lifting that the crane load 3. ' along a vertical lifting track, in particular according to a load-free lifting track 21 ' , (dashed lines in the figures) of the crane 1' is raised.

In the in the 1 and 3 shown relative position of load 3. ' and crane 1' Such a pendulum-free load lifting is not guaranteed because the load 3. ' in the XY plane to the load-free hub 21 ' of the crane 1' is offset. However, this offset is only recognizable from the observer position B, but not from the observer position A (as illustrated in the respective right side of the figure). For a pendulum-free lifting now requires a control of the crane 1' in that the (in the direction of gravity) load-free Hubspur 21 ' of the crane 1' also in the XY plane by the center of gravity of the load 3. ' runs or is oriented coaxially thereto. Such an orientation is in 2 or dashed in 3 , right side shown at B. Obviously, with the known control method for a swing-free load lifting, which is based solely on the visual impression of the controlling viewer, difficult and furthermore time-consuming, in any case a correct alignment of load 3. ' to crane 1' to control.

Based on 4a to 4c Now the arrangement according to the invention 9 , by means of which a pendulum-free lifting of the load 3 by suitable Alignment in a simple manner is possible, explained in more detail.

According to the invention, the proposed arrangement comprises 9 a crane 1 , along with one with the crane 1 Crane load to be lifted 3 , what crane load 3 at a load-engaging end, in particular a load-receiving means 7 , the crane 1 is attached or is. The load handling device 7 For example, as a crane hook, as a crossbar, as a chain harness or on other, for a fastening of the load 3 be formed suitable manner. The load handling device 7 is on the load side on a crane rope 5 of the crane 1 arranged, which crane rope 5 crane side still from a suspension point 11 to the load 3 is guided. The suspension point 11 is at a deflection device 19 or deflection roller of the crane 1 formed, in particular a crane rope positioning device 13 the same, preferably for example a trolley 15 of the crane 1 , The crane 1 can in this case according to the 1 to 3 For example, a gantry crane, next to a construction or mobile crane, for example, a ceiling crane.

The order 9 also has an alignment device 23 , in particular with a light pointer 25 and a target area 27 on which alignment device 23 is set up to align the crane 1 relative to the load 3 an upright, especially vertical, oriented light beam 29 provide. About the vertically oriented light beam 29 , in particular via a light marking produced therewith 31 (eg light spot or light pattern) on the target area 33 , Can advantageously easily a horizontal offset of load 3 and the load-free hub 21 of the crane 1 visualized or identified, wherein the horizontal position of the load-free Hubspur 21 in a simple way by a corresponding position of a target area 33 the target area 27 (with an arrangement of the target area 27 at the crane 1 ) or by a corresponding position of the axis of the light beam 29 (with the arrangement of the light pointer 25 at the crane 1 ) can be identified (this will be discussed in more detail below).

The light pointer 25 is formed by means of a laser pointer and in the 4a to 4c exemplified by the load 3 attached. Arranged is the light pointer 25 here above the load center, with a symmetrical weight-distributed load 3 especially in the middle of the same.

The alignment device 23 is configured so that the vertically oriented light beam 29 of the light pointer 25 a light mark 31 at the target area 33 the target area 27 then generated when the crane load 3 in rest position remaining with the crane 1 or by the crane 1 is liftable. To the crane load 3 to be able to raise remaining in rest position is provided so far, the position of the target area 27 to choose such that when properly aligned for lifting the load 3 with remaining in rest position the vertically oriented light beam 29 , the target area 33 , the (gravity-following) load-free lifting track 21 of the crane 1 and the weight force vector G the load 3 or the load center are coaxially oriented.

4a illustrates the arrangement 9 in a state where the alignment of load 3 and crane 1 no swing-free lifting of the load 3 allowed, ie no lifting of the load 3 with whereabouts in rest position. The vertical load-free lifting track 21 of the crane 1 is not coaxial with the light beam 29 or the weight force vector of the load 3 oriented, but has a horizontal offset to it, so that the light beam 29 no light marking 31 at the target area 33 the target area 27 depicts, therefore, the burden 3 is subjected to transverse force with a lifting and commutes, that is the load 3 would not be lifted with whereabouts at rest. The target area 27 is here by the or on the suspension point 11 of a crane rope 5 educated. Once the light mark 31 via suitable control of the crane 1 , here eg the trolley 15 or alternatively, for example, a crane jib, but - analogous to 4c - at the destination area 33 is shown, the intended orientation for a pendulum-free lifting is given, ie the horizontal offset of the light beam 29 to the target area 33 is minimized.

4b indicates an analog state to that 4a where the load 3 due to the horizontal offset of the load-free lifting track 21 and the load center also not pendelfrei liftable would be. Here, too, is the light mark 31 not at the target area 33 displayed. By visually based readjustment of the crane 1 Alternatively, for example, sensor-based, but the light mark 31 in the target area 33 the target area 27 be controlled, so that thus the intended orientation for a pendulum-free lifting in a simple manner can be produced.

4c shows herbei an optimized aligned arrangement 9 in which the light mark 31 at the target area 33 the target area 27 is shown, ie the load-free Hubspur 21 of the crane 1 , the load force vector of the load 3 , the target area 33 and the beam of light 29 are coaxially aligned (where target area 33 and beam of light 29 vertically overlap), so that the load 3 remaining in rest position is liftable, ie free of lateral forces.

To the intended orientation of crane 1' and load 3 to cause is the light pointer 25 horizontally relative to the target area 27 controllable or movable, ie preferably via suitable control of the crane 1 ,

5 shows a further possible embodiment of the arrangement 9 in which the load-engaging end by a load-receiving means 7 in the form of a traverse (with a load hook) is formed, which via a multiply deflected crane rope 5 at suspension points 11 (on pulleys) a (transparent) trolley 15 of the crane 1 is attached. Such a crane 1 can be eg a hall crane. Here, the light pointer 25 be advantageous simply arranged away from the load on the traverse, the target area 27 Here, the cross-beam facing the trolley 15 , The positioning of the light pointer 25 is here in particular such that the light beam 29 in the direction of the vertical by the center of gravity of the traverse together with the - not shown - to be absorbed load 3 runs.

In particular, in such an embodiment, the target area 27 and / or the light pointer 25 reversible on the trolley 15 or the load handling device 7 be attached so that it aligns with the alignment device 23 no complicated retrofitting on conventional cranes 1' requires the arrangement of the invention 9 to obtain. For attachment to the trolley 15 can be the target area 27 be provided on the back with a magnet and by means of the lifting device 7 to the trolley 15 be raised or spent, the target area 27 then automatically adhering to the trolley 15 is determined. After lowering the load handler 7 can then the light pointer 25 on the load handling device 7 be attached, for example, also magnetic. In this case, the only requirement on the part of a crane operator is that the load-carrying means 7 is in rest position, in particular not supported on a pad. The light pointer 25 is so on the load handling device 7 arranged that with the light beam 29 generated light mark 31 at the target area 33 the target area 27 you can see. When trained as a target is the light mark 31 preferably in a central target area 31 to see, ie according to an optimal orientation. Such an installation is needed for every pair of load handling devices 7 and trolley 15 advantageous to be made only once.

The 6a and 6b illustrate further embodiments of the arrangement 9 in which the target area 27 for example, removed from the (on ropes 35 fastened) load 3 on the load handling device 7 is formed, for example, on a crane hook, and wherein the light pointer 25 at the load 3 is arranged. With suitable alignment for a pendulum-free load lifting in accordance with 6a the vertically oriented light beam projects 29 in the direction of the load-weight force vector, the light mark 31 at a target area 31 the target area 27 of the crane hook when the load-free lifting track 21 of the crane 1 coaxial with the light beam 29 is oriented. In contrast, according to 6b no light marking 31 at the target area 27 projects when the load-free hub 21 of the crane 1 not coaxial with the load weight force vector oriented light beam 29 is aligned, so there is a risk of swinging lifting.

7 illustrates an arrangement 9 analogous to the 6a and 6b , where the target area 27 is formed by way of example on a (supporting) chain 37 or a load harness.

8th now shows the use of the alignment device 23 as part of an order 9 , which is a crane 1 in the form of a mobile or automobile crane, wherein the light pointer 25 exemplified by the load 3 is arranged and in the case of correct alignment of load 3 and crane 1 for a swing-free lifting of the load 3 the light mark 31 at the target area 27 a deflection 19 (Pulley) generated on the crane boom. In this embodiment - in general in particular in solutions in which the load 3 over only one crane rope 5 is raised - can also be provided, for example, the light pointer 25 on the crane rope 5 to assemble, the target area 27 in this case preferably at or adjacent to the suspension point 11 of the crane rope 5 ,

In general, it is provided in the invention that the light pointer 25 a fastener 39 has to be under the arrangement 9 suitable to be mounted. For mounting on the crane rope 5 For example, a clamping device may be provided during assembly to the load 3 or a load handling device 7 For example, magnetic or by means of a suction cup can be considered. Other mounting options such as screwing, gluing, soldering, etc. are also conceivable. Also can be provided, the light pointer 25 To integrate into a non-slip body, which in bare pad, for example, at the load 3 or the load handling device 7 , already given sufficient support.

Preferably, the light pointer 25 also be capable of self-alignment, which allows, in any case, a vertically oriented light beam 29 to create. A suitable device for self-alignment may for example provide gimbal support or liquid storage, especially in the fastener 39 implemented.

Based on 9a to 9f Now possible embodiments of the arrangement 9 explained in more detail, in which the alignment device 23 also for controlling the crane 1 is used. In such embodiments, a sensory device in operative association with the target surface 27 to the Example interact via radio or cable connection with a crane control device.

As the 9a to 9f by way of example, a respective target area can 27 in fields 41 be divided, which sensors are assigned (not shown), which one through the light beam 29 generated light mark 31 can capture. In the 9a to 9b each field stands here 41 representative of a sensor.

In 9a is shown a situation where the light mark 31 , in particular in the form of a light spot, on a relatively far outward field 41 the target area 27 incident.

Here is the sensor of the field 41 with the control device of the crane 1 connected and causes a control of the crane 1 to that effect, the point of light 31 into the center of the target area 27 that is in the target area 33 to control the same. This position is in 9b illustrates and corresponds to the exact alignment of crane 1 and load 3 for lifting the load 3 with whereabouts at rest.

The 9c to 9f illustrate an alternative embodiment in which the sensors of each field 41 are interconnected, with the controller only detects whether the light mark 31 in a field 41 but not where the light mark in this field is located 41 located.

If a sensor detects the light mark 31 , then the control device of the crane 1 instructed the horizontal offset in the relative position of light marking 31 and target area 33 by movement of the crane 1 to reduce a predefined distance in a predefined direction (as described above with reference to FIG 9a and 9b shown).

Here is the operating principle in 9c exemplary for two different light marks 31 shown. The predefined direction is in each case selected so that the crane 1 controlled so moves that the light mark 31 in the central target area 33 the target area 27 disengaged. The distance is determined by the distance between the field 41 and the target area 33 (Center point) of the target area 27 certainly. The direction of the arrow in each case shows the relative direction of movement of crane 1 and the target area 27 after the respective light mark 31 was recorded. The length of the arrow indicates the distance traveled by the movement. Thus, in the example according to 9c Eight predefined directions and 40 predefined distances are stored.

The precision of the control can be improved by the sensor density or the number of fields 41 is still increased. Accordingly, more predefined directions can be deposited, as in 9d is shown. In the embodiment according to 9d For example, 16 predefined directions are stored. Such a configuration increases the precision to prevent movement, such as in the 9f is shown as an example. According to 9f the light mark is very close to an edge of a field 41 , where for the entire field 41 However, the predefined direction is given as a vector, that is as for the light mark 31 in the corresponding field of 9c shown. Starting from 9f would target the crane control 27 and light marking 31 thus moving along the arrow relative to each other after the light mark 31 was recorded. In contrast, a target area 27 specify the desired direction more precisely with a higher number of sensors.

Such a higher precision can alternatively also be achieved with a corresponding programming. This is exemplified by the 9e explained. Here are just as many fields 41 or sensors are present, as in the 9a to 9c as well as 9f. The distance which after detection of the light mark 31 is not final. Instead, it is intended that the light pointer 25 remains on for a duration or is repeatedly turned on and the movement of the light mark 31 on the target area 27 is detected during the movement process. If this is found, the light mark 31 not directly on the target area 33 the target area 27 to move, a post-regulating intervention can be provided, which corrects the direction of movement. Furthermore, an embodiment can also be used to select the predefined path so that the light marking 31 after carrying out the movement only one field 41 moved further or only in an adjacent field 41 emotional. Then the light mark 31 in this neighboring field 41 recorded again and the direction of movement and the route are redefined.

In the context of the invention can be provided that the sensor of the target area 27 and the light pointer 25 are set up to be activated in matching activation windows, so that neither light pointer 25 still sensors must remain switched on permanently, thus a reduction in energy consumption can be done especially in battery mode. Activation may include, for example, a period of several seconds to several minutes, for example. An automatic shutdown can be provided towards the end of the activation period.

For controlling the relative movement of the target surface 27 and light marking 31 can the crane 1 be suitably controlled, in particular via the crane cable positioning assembly 13 , for example via a trolley 15 the same.

In the context of the present invention, it is also possible (with only advantageously low risk for humans and material) a simple and precise positioning of the light pointer 25 to make such that the light pointer 25 at the load 3 is attached and the load 3 then a small piece is raised, that is, so that it has no contact with the ground. After the load 3 hangs pendulum-free, so is in its rest position, the light pointer 25 positioned so that the light mark 31 on the target area 27 can be seen in an intentional manner.

Becomes the light pointer 25 on the crane rope 5 or on the load handling device 7 fixed, the positioning can be done in an analogous manner. After the crane rope 5 or the load handling device 7 pendulum-free and thus in rest position, the light pointer can 25 be positioned so that the light mark 31 at the target area 33 the target area 27 is produced.

It should also be noted that an embodiment of the arrangement 9 Also, especially when using an automated controller that can handle the load 3 until it can not be raised until it is vertical below the load handling device 7 is or the crane 1 first align yourself and the load 3 only lift when the load 3 and the load handling device 7 perpendicular to each other (this can be provided, the crane 1 to stop if the alignment is no longer vertical or in the case of a control, an automatic realignment).

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 1 '

crane

3, 3 '

crane load

5, 5 '

crane rope

7, 7 '

Load handling devices

9

arrangement

11, 11 '

Crane cable suspension point

13, 13 '

Crane cable positioning

15, 15 '

trolley

17, 17 '

gantry

19, 19 '

deflecting

21, 21 '

Last Freedom Hubspur

23

alignment device

25

light pointer

27

target area

29

beam of light

31

light mark

33

target area

35

rope

37

Chain

39

fastener

41

field

G

Weight force vector

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102008023410 A1 [0007]

Claims (10)

Arrangement (9) with a crane (1) and a load (3) to be lifted therewith, wherein the arrangement (9) further comprises an alignment device (23) which is arranged to align the crane (1) relative to the load (3). to provide an upright, especially vertical, oriented light beam (29). Arrangement (9) according to Claim 1 characterized in that the alignment device (23) comprises a light pointer (25) and a target surface (27), the alignment device (23) providing the upright oriented light beam (29) by means of the light pointer (25). Arrangement (9) according to Claim 2 characterized in that the light beam (29) produces a light mark (31) on a target area (33) of the target surface (27) when the crane (1) is oriented relative to the load (3) such that the crane load (3 ) remaining in rest position with the crane (1) can be raised. Arrangement (9) according to one of Claims 2 and 3 , characterized in that light pointer (25) and target surface (27) by means of the crane (1) are horizontally movable relative to each other. Arrangement (9) according to one of Claims 2 to 4 characterized in that the target area (33) of the target surface (27) of the alignment device (23) overlaps vertically with the light pointer (25) when the crane load (3) remains at rest or along a load-free lifting track (21) of the crane (1) with the crane (1) is liftable. Arrangement (9) according to one of Claims 2 to 5 , characterized in that the target surface (27) or the light pointer (25) in the context of the arrangement (9) via a crane rope positioning assembly (13) of the crane (1) with a horizontal direction component relative to the light pointer (25) or the Target surface (27) is displaceable in order to project via the displacement for lifting the crane load (3) remaining in rest position, a light mark (31) through the upright oriented light beam (29) at the target area (33). Arrangement (9) according to one of Claims 2 to 6 , characterized in that the light pointer (25) is capable of self-aligning to provide the upright beam of light (29). Arrangement (9) according to one of Claims 2 to 7 , characterized in that the light mark (31) generated at the target surface is visually detectable. Arrangement (9) according to one of Claims 2 to 8th , characterized in that the light pointer (25) on the crane load (3) or a load-receiving means (7) of the crane (1) or on a crane rope (5) between the load (3) and a crane rope suspension point (11) is attached wherein the target surface (27) is disposed on the load receiving means (7) or on a crane rope positioning assembly (13); or the light pointer (25) is attached to a crane cable positioning assembly (13) or to a crane cable (5) between the crane load (3) and a crane cable suspension point (11), the target surface (27) being attached to the crane load (3). or on the load-receiving means (7) is arranged. Arrangement (9) according to one of Claims 2 to 9 characterized in that the arrangement (9) is arranged, by evaluating a positional deviation of the upwardly oriented light beam (29) from the target area (33) of the target surface (27) controlling the crane (1) for lifting the crane load (3) to cause them to remain at rest.

Images