DE202016001446U1 - Round sound reflector - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention describes cone-shaped sound diffusers which can be used primarily with loudspeakers. This diffuser cone distinguishes that they are basically convex shaped (1), being equipped with a convex arc (f) distinct at the cone base (h) and having at least one straight cone sidewall (d) in the cone tip empties.

Description

Description & state of the art

• {a} Radar-sounding loudspeakers have been known for about 100 years now. (In German-speaking countries, a monograph on the subject of loudspeakers appeared in 1925, in which under the supremacy "Indirect-acting Speakers" Several Examples Be Listed (Nesper 1925b: 53-60) , And even these first omnidirectional (omni-directional loudspeaker systems) used conventional loudspeaker drivers with a superior conical sound diffuser. Since that time, there have always been developments and also completely new approaches for perfecting omnidirectional sound transmission and propagation. This perfection also serves the present invention "RundSchallReflektor".
• {b} There are now various sound transducer & design principles that should achieve optimal omnidirectional sound transmission & propagation. There are u. a. Speaker driver with design-related omnidirectional sound propagation (eg plasma tweeter), then dipoles as well as bipoles, housings with staggered loudspeakers (eg housings in spherical form), and the housings or systems with radial contact mentioned above under {a}. Horns or diffuser elements. A small overview can be found on de.Wikipedia.org under the keyword "omnidirectional loudspeaker". In the present invention, it is primarily to sound diffuser elements.
• {c} Diffuser elements currently used by the various suppliers of omnidirectional lenses are predominantly those with a concavely curved surface. This, among other things, in order to achieve the most spherical possible sound propagation. An example of this is the patent DE 19527499 ,
• {d} In the patent DE 10 2011 113 602.2 Among other things, it addresses the problem of using sound diffusers with such a concavely curved surface. In contrast, the use of convex cones is suggested here, and these can be equipped with a different cone angle as required.
• {e} In the patent DE000010341213A1 respectively. DE000010341213B4 Also convex diffusers are favored, and here, for the differentiated scattering of sound, a two-stage cone is presented, among others.

Underlying problems

• {f} In loudspeaker construction is known that in the vicinity of a loudspeaker driver, all edges should be avoided, otherwise it comes to edge-diffraction effects and thus u. a. to phantom sound sources. When constructing omnidirectional radiators, too little consideration is given to the fact that even edged sound diffusers evoke such edge-diffraction effects and, above all, baffle-bridge effects as well. The effect of this is that the loudspeaker box's playback frequency response is degraded and the local placement and traceability of the voices / instruments / sounds / effects / etc. (hereinafter referred to as "voices" for short) is negatively influenced. Therefore comes the call that omnidirectional have the principal disadvantage that they have a worse voice placement and Ortbarkeit than direct emitters - but this is by no means so.
• {g} Concave sound diffusers produce crossing waves at close range of incident and reflected sound, which causes interference. This means that they produce a frequency-dependent increase to decrease of sounds and thus a distortion of the sound event. This is both metrologically representable and audible.
• {h} It is often said in connection with omnidirectional sources that the spherical sound propagation is the optimum. Therefore, as shown above under point {c}, so far predominantly concave sound diffusers favored. However, if you operate on a stereo system two such omnidirectional with (tend to) spherical sound propagation, then the centrally located in the audio panorama voices are no longer at the height of the speakers, but stick almost under the ceiling, namely about semicircle radius above from these two speakers. That is, with a speaker distance of 12 m, these are ~ 6 m above the speaker level (always assuming a well mixed production).
• {i} The sound radiation angle of an electro-magnetic loudspeaker driver is strongly dependent on the angle of inclination of the loudspeaker diaphragm together with shaping of the center cone - incl. phase plug -, thus of its membrane geometry. But this also depends on the effective sound reflection angle from the sound diffuser surface of this membrane geometry. But this is hardly taken into account. So far, for example, have the vast majority of double-cone diffusers from various manufacturers above and below about the same angle, although z. B. a dome tweeter is used, but has a very different membrane geometry than the opposite bass / midrange.

troubleshooting

• {j} In order to counteract the negative effects of edge diffraction and the baffle bridge (see para. {f}), the diffuser cones get distinct convex curves (see 1 , f). Here, this rounding goes beyond the maximum cone diameter (g) back to the center of the cone. ( 1 i) The optimum rounding radius at the cone base is dependent on the lowest frequency - thus the longest wavelength - which the loudspeaker driver assigned to the diffuser can and should reflect, and at the same time on the lowest frequency, that of the diffuser at the desired angle in accordance with the law of reflection to be thrown back.
• {k} Another problem solving approach for the challenge formulated in § {j} is that the tip of the diffuser cone should be brought as close as possible to the associated speaker. Although the same principle applies to this diffuser tip as the one described above for the optimal radius of curvature, with decreasing the distance between the diffuser and the loudspeaker, the meaning becomes ever smaller, both quantitatively and qualitatively.
• {L} By the sound diffuser cone according to the present invention only with straight side walls (cone shell sides, see 1 , d 2 , d1 & d2) plus the convex circular arcs {k}, there is no interference as stated in point {g}.
• {m} The straight side wall of a diffuser cone can also be in two parts (see 2 ) by inserting between two partial sidewalls (d1 & d2) a small, convex circular arc (j), so that - viewed from the cone tip and with respect to the cone central axis (i) - the first partial sidewall (d1) has a larger angle than the next partial sidewall (d2). (please refer 2 )
• {n} In the same way, more than just two partial sidewalls with different angles and partial arcs can be realized (see para. {e}). And this also allows flexible design of the overall height of the diffuser cone.
• {o} Now that the diameter of the diffuser cone is made smaller or larger with respect to the diaphragm diameter of the loudspeaker driver and its specific radiation characteristic, it can be defined whether and how much of the sound waves past the diffuser cone are also quasi in should be radiated direct way. A particular application of this is that an asymmetric diffuser cone ( 8th , c) is used, whose rear, the wall (l) facing side is designed with a smaller radius (r1) than its front side (r2). This ensures that partially the rearward sound radiation (k) of the loudspeaker driver can be led over the wall (eg room wall) to the ceiling (or 180 ° turned to the floor) and thus, for example, the spatial depiction of the acoustic event can be selectively increased. ( 8th )
• {p} In addition, a diffuser cone does not have to be rotationally symmetric, but - depending on the circumstances and requirements profile - also partially symmetric (see 3 ) or can be completely unbalanced. In addition, no matter how shaped cone ( 4 , c) tilted with respect to the loudspeaker axis (a) (see 4 ), always keeping to the problem-solving criteria presented here. Through all this a very differentiated adaptation to acoustic conditions & requirements is possible, but also to individual preferences, weaknesses and other circumstances.
• {q} If you have multiple loudspeaker drivers and associated diffuser cones installed in a loudspeaker cabinet or system, you must have accurate co-ordination between each individual loudspeaker driver and its associated diffuser cone according to one or more of the preceding claims , In addition, however, the interaction of all the loudspeaker drivers and diffuser cones involved in a loudspeaker enclosure or system must be coordinated (with regard to interferences, diffusion, frequency spectrum spectrum) beyond the usual challenge in loudspeaker construction. Distribution, common PA area etc.
• {r} The inventive innovations presented here, together with the other parameters shown here, in their optimized interaction, make it possible to determine the precisely defined radial area which should be sonicated. They are: The emission characteristics of the loudspeaker driver (see para. {I}) + the diameter of the diffuser cone + the number and length of the straight part sidewalls + their angles + the radius & the arc length of the center and End curves + the height of the diffuser cone + (A-) Symmetry version of the diffuser cone.
• {s} This preserves all the advantages of omnidirectional sources, but also ensures that the voices in the middle of the audio panorama remain at the same height as the omnidirectional loudspeakers. (see para. {h})
• {t} The inventive innovations presented here, together with the optimized interaction of the mentioned parameters, furthermore bring about a clear specification of the localizability of the voices in the audio panorama. This applies equally to stereo as to surround productions.
• {u} Concrete application example: In this kind perfectly designed and equipped omnidirectional - as in particular over Abs {r} to {t} described - are ideal for use as studio monitoring monitors. Equipped with a smooth frequency response and a precise localization of the voices, they also have the advantage over conventional monitors that the acoustic sweetspot is very large, so that z. For example, all members of a band can hear and judge the mix of a production together and not just a single person in the Sweetspot of the Stereo Triangle.

Description of the drawings and list of reference numerals

Description of the pictures

1 simple reflection cone (diffuser cone / round sound reflector) (c) in plan view and side view and with reference to loudspeaker (a)

2 Reflective cone with 2 reflection side surfaces (d1 + d2) with different angles of attack plus arcuate curvature (f)

3 Rotation-asymmetrical reflection cone with the 3 views xy (from above), xz + yz (from the sides)

4 Asymmetric reflection cone, tilted with respect to the speaker (b)

5-A . 5-B Reflective cone as a truncated cone in 2 variations of the acoustic couplings to the cone or phase plug of a loudspeaker.

6 Rotation-asymmetrical reflection cone in the side views xz + yz, where one, especially the speaker-near side wall of the reflection cone can be designed as a cutting edge.

7 Bicone, composed of two reflection cones with different reflection angles and cone flies.

8th Asymmetric reflection cone with functional representation of the sound propagation or the sound course (k) and the sound reflection on the walls (l).

Reference signs & designation of the individual parts in the pictures

• a

  Axis of the speaker

  b

  Speaker Drivers

  c

  diffuser cone

  d, d1, d2

  straight side wall / side walls of the diffuser cone

  e

  Auxiliary circle to the diffuser curvature

  f

  Arc-shaped curvature of the base edge of the diffuser cone

  G

  Plane of largest cone diameter

  H

  Base (edge) of the diffuser cone

  i

  Axis of the diffuser cone

  j

  arcuate curvature between straight part-side walls

  k

  sound wave

  l

  Reflection wall (house wall, partition, ...)

  m

  Phase plug or rigid cone

  r, r1, r2

  Radius (part)

  xy, xz, yz

  3 different views in the spatial coordinate system x, y, z

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19527499 [0001]
• DE 102011113602 [0001]
• DE 000010341213 A1 [0001]
• DE 000010341213 B4 [0001]

Cited non-patent literature

• "Indirect-acting Loudspeakers" several examples are listed (Nesper 1925b: 53-60) [0001]

Claims (10)

The present invention describes cone-shaped sound diffusers which can be used primarily with loudspeakers. This diffuser cone distinguishes that they are basically convex shaped ( 1 ) equipped with a convex circular arc (f) distinct on the cone base (h) and with at least one straight cone lateral wall (d) opening in the cone tip. Diffuser cone according to claim 1, characterized in that the straight cone sidewall (d) can also be divided into two or more partial sidewalls ( 2 , d1 & d2), wherein these partial side walls are connected by a respective convex-arcuate curvature ( 2 , j) between every two such straight partial sidewalls. By defining the arc length of this curvature, the overall height of the diffuser cone can be varied or defined while the radius remains the same. Diffuser cone characterized in that the cone is also rotationally-asymmetrical ( 3 ) and even completely unbalanced ( 4 ), the axis of the cone ( 4 , i) kinked with respect to the loudspeaker axis (a) and / or may be displaced therefrom. Diffuser cone according to the preceding claims, characterized in that this is positioned as close as possible to the belonging, opposite speakers; optimally at two to five times the Xmax distance (= maximum linear deflection) of the loudspeaker driver; in the case of phase plugs and immovable cones, they are also directly form-fitting. Diffuser cone according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the tip of the cone not only has to be pointed, but can also be designed as a kind of cutting edge ( 6 ). And he can z. B. also be a truncated cone, such as when the opposite speaker has a blunt phase plug or cone ( 5-A ); or the apex of the cone can have the form-fitting negative shape in relation to the phase plug or cone, so that it can sit directly on it or be positioned very close to it ( 5-B ). Diffuser cone according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shape of the diffuser cone is related to the choice of its associated speaker and its specific membrane geometry and emission characteristics. And that the diameter of a diffuser cone is additionally determined in relation to the diameter of its associated speaker. It is the smaller, the more sound components from the speaker from straight-side to the diffuser cone are to be passed over. One possibility of the embodiment of this is that an asymmetric diffuser cone ( 8th , c) is used whose rear, the wall (l) facing cone side with a radius (r1) is smaller than that of the associated speaker (b) is performed as its front cone side ( 8th , r2) Diffuser cone characterized in that a second diffuser cone can be turned around on the first rum, so that a double cone is formed, both are always carried out at least according to claim 1 and additionally both may be designed differently according to one or more of the preceding claims. ( 7 ) Diffuser cone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is easily replaceable and that it can be flexibly adjusted in its position. Here, the diffuser cone may be directly and centrally attached to the speaker driver, or outside the speaker driver, or on the speaker housing or speaker system, or independently be positioned or mounted independently thereof. Diffuser cone according to claim 1 and possibly further, preceding claims, characterized in that it is designed at the base edge (h) so that it forms the housing for another speaker driver or serves as a holder for this. Diffuser cone according to claim 1 and further preceding claims, characterized in that its side walls ( 1 , d) as well as all arcuate, convex curvatures ( 1 & 2 , f & j) and all other parameters formulated in the preceding claims, together with the loudspeakers used, are set in relation to one another and tailored to a desired requirement profile.

Images