DE202015101491U1 - Silo with outlet opening - Google Patents

Abstract

A silo (1) comprising one or more cells (2), each cell (2) comprising one or more outlet orifices (3), the cells (2) having an angular cross-section and the outlet orifices (3) having a non-angular cross-section wherein the outlet mouths (3) and the cells (2) are interconnected by means of a transition plate (4), characterized in that the angle α between the wall of the cell (2) and the transition plate (4) is substantially constant along the radial circumference of the outlet mouth (3).

Description

TECHNICAL PART

The present invention relates to silos consisting of a vertically arranged cell and an outlet mouth at the bottom, and more specifically silo complexes comprising a plurality of such silos.

In particular, the invention relates to silos, wherein the cell and the outlet mouth have a different cross-section, z. B. a rectangular or square cross section for the cell and a circular or oval cross-section for the outlet mouth.

STATE OF THE ART

Silos are used industrially for the intermediate storage of bulk or bulk material in the form of powders or granular products such as grain, coal, cement, feed, sand, gravel, fertilizer, etc. The two most common types of silos have cylindrical or square towers that act as a cell or storage. On the underside of the cell, the silo is provided with one or more outlet orifices, by means of which the stored material can be transferred to a transport system or to a truck for transport.

Such silos are already known in the art. FR 2 541 715 describes z. B. a cylindrical silo with a cell bottom with at least two outlet openings, each of which is located at the bottom of an outlet mouth with inclined walls; the outlet mouths are separated by at least one upright edge bent straight or downwards in the vertical plane and provided by the intersection of the walls of the outlet mouths, all of these outlet mouths being in a circle of radius R = 4/10 from that of the silo, and at least one additional outlet opening, also at the bottom of an outlet mouth with inclined walls and separated from said large outlet mouths, at least one raised edge which is rectilinear or curved, and wherein the additional outlet mouths are outside the circle with the outlet openings, and are also separated from upright edges.

A similar concept as in FR 2 541 715 described is in US 4,361,254 shown. US 4,361,254 discloses a funnel having a peripheral sidewall with upper and lower outlet mouths and a conical body disposed within the peripheral sidewall, thus defining an annular space for storing material therebetween. The lower outlet mouth is separated from the conical body and thus describes an annular point of introduction therebetween.

Finally, the German patent specification describes DE 1 226 942 a first silo for heavy flowing bulk material having a prismatic or cylindrical top which merges into a prismatic base, the periphery of which is described by the top and which includes a cruciform roof.

An important problem with silos is the incomplete discharge of the stored material. Such material can spoil or degenerate, which not only can affect the quality of the stored material, but also creates the risk of infection for the entire stored in the cell of the silo material. However, the prior art does not have silos in which the necessary precautions are taken to prevent or at least partially prevent the accumulation of residual material.

The current state of the art does not provide or is not sufficient solution to one or more of the above problems or deficiencies.

SUMMARY

For this purpose, in a first aspect, the invention provides a silo comprising one or more cells, each cell comprising one or more outlet orifices, the cells having an angular cross-section, and the outlet orifices having a non-angular cross-section, wherein the Outlet mouth and the cells are interconnected by means of a transition plate, wherein the angle α between the wall of the cell and the transition plate is substantially constant along the radial circumference of the outlet mouth.

This offers the advantage that the material stored in the silo has a uniform shear displacement along the circumference of the outlet mouth. Therefore, no material remains behind, for example in the corners of the cell, which could allow spoilage or rotting organic or biological material.

• A. ein oder mehrere Wandpaneele;
• B. einen oder mehrere Auslassmünder;
• C. Verbindungselemente für die Wandpaneele und/oder die Auslassmünder;
• D. eine oder mehrere Übergangsplatten,

wobei die Übergangsplatten, wenn in dem in das Silo montierten Zustand, einen überwiegend konstanten Winkel α zwischen der Wand der Zelle und der Übergangsplatte beschreiben.In a second aspect, the invention provides a kit for assembling a silo according to the first aspect of the invention, comprising:

• A. one or more wall panels;
• B. one or more outlet mouths;
• C. connecting elements for the wall panels and / or the outlet mouths;
• D. one or more transition plates,

wherein the transition plates when in the silo mounted state, a predominantly constant Describe angle α between the wall of the cell and the transition plate.

In a third aspect, the invention provides a method of installing a silo according to the first aspect of the invention, comprising the steps of (i) vertically placing one or more cells having an angular cross section; (ii) positioning one or more outlet orifices under the cells; and (iii) connecting the walls of the cells to the respective outlet mouths by means of a transition plate, the angle α between the wall of the cell and the transition plate being kept substantially constant along the radial circumference of the outlet mouth.

In a fourth aspect, the invention provides the use of a silo according to the first aspect of the invention for the storage of bulk and / or bulk material, such as preferably granular solid material.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The explicit features, advantages, and objects of the present invention will become further apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the following detailed description of the embodiment of the invention and the figures included herein. The figures have the purpose of further explaining the invention without thereby limiting the scope of the invention.

1 and 2 show a simplified representation of a silo according to the first aspect of the present invention.

1 is a schematic representation of a silo 1 with a cell 2 with square cross section and circular outlet mouth 3 connected by means of a transition plate 4 ,

2 is a schematic representation of a silo 1 with a cell 2 with a rectangular cross-section and oval outlet mouth 3 connected by means of a transition plate 4 ,

3 is a schematic representation of an internal perspective view of a corner portion of a cell 2 a silo 1 with circular outlet mouth 3 ,

4 is a schematic representation of a perspective exploded view of a cell 2 a silo 1 ,

5 is a schematic representation of a silo 1 with several cells 2 arranged in rows (A, B, C) and columns (I, II, III, IV).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used in the description of the invention also have technical and scientific terms, meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art of the invention. To better appreciate the description of the invention, the following terms are explained explicitly.

"One", "one" and "the" in this document refers to both the singular and the plural, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. For example, "a segment" means one or more than one segment.

When "about" or "about" is used in this document at a measurable value, a parameter, a time or a time, and the like, it means variations of +/- 20% or less, preferably +/- 10% or less more preferably +/- 5% or less, even more preferably +/- 1% or less, even more preferably +/- 0.1% or less, and less than and equal to the quoted value, as far as such variations in the described invention are concerned are feasible. However, it should be understood that the value to which the term "about" or "about" refers is itself expressly disclosed.

The terms "comprise," "comprising," "consist of," "consisting of," "provided with," "containing," "containing," "including," "including," "including," "including," are Synonyms and do not exclude or preclude, as inclusive or open terms, the presence of what follows and the presence of additional components, features, elements, members, steps known or disclosed in the art.

Quoting numerical ranges using endpoints includes all numbers, fractions, and / or real numbers between endpoints, including endpoints.

The term "silo" refers to a bearing comprising one or more silo blocks, each silo block comprising one or more cells or silo cells, each cell being suitable for storage of a bulk or bulk material. Such cells are generally arranged vertically, with each cell provided with at least one outlet mouth. In a broad sense, the term "silo" is in context of the present invention as a silo complex comprising a plurality of cells and / or multiple outlet orifices.

The term "cell", in the context of the present invention, is to be understood as synonymous with the terms "silo cell", "container", "container", "reservoir", "barrel", "storage", "reservoir", "reservoir ", And means a space formed by one or more walls for storage of bulk or bulk material. At the top, the cell may be closed by means of a cover or a roof; at the bottom, the cell is partially or fully open, passing into one or more outlet orifices.

The term "outlet mouth" is to be understood as a synonym for the terms "mouth", "outlet opening", "opening", "mouth", and is to be understood as an opening along which the bulk or bulk material can leave the silo to So to be transferred to a conveyor or in a filling car for transport.

The term "transition plate" is to be understood as a synonym for the term "transition element", and means a plate which is located between the inner walls of the cell and the outlet mouth, and which is at least partially connected to the inner walls of the cell and the outlet mouth. The transition plate may be wholly or partially inclined and may be formed of one or more segments.

In a first aspect, the invention provides a silo comprising one or more cells, each cell comprising one or more outlet orifices which have cells of angular cross-section, and wherein the outlet orifices have a non-angular cross-section, the outlet orifices and the cells by means of a Transition plate are interconnected, wherein the angle α between the wall of the cell and the transition plate is substantially constant along the radial circumference of the outlet.

The term "substantially constant" is to be understood as a synonym for "predominantly constant" or "approximately constant" and is preferably defined as +/- 20% or less, preferably +/- 10% or less, more preferably +/- 5% or less, more preferably +/- 1% or less, and from the average value of the angle α between the wall of the cell and the transition plate.

This offers the advantage that the material stored in the silo has a uniform shear displacement along the circumference of the outlet mouth. Therefore, no material remains behind, for example in the corners of the cell, which could allow spoilage or rotting organic or biological material. Such degeneration should be prevented to guarantee the quality of the stored material.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a silo according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the inclination angle β of the transition plate is greater than 30 °, preferably greater than 40 °.

In a more preferred embodiment, the angle of inclination is greater than 50 ° and more preferably greater than 60 °. More preferably, the angle of inclination is between 65 ° and 85 °, and most preferably the angle of inclination is 66 °, 68 °, 70 °, 72 °, 74 °, 76 °, 78 °, 80 °, 82 ° or 84 °. or any value in between. This offers the advantage that a good shearing of the stored bulk or bulk material can be obtained, whereby the probability of remaining residual material is reduced. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the optimum angle of inclination will also be determined by the nature of the bulk or bulk material, and will be able to determine the optimum angle of inclination according to the storage material.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a silo according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the transition plate comprises two or more sub-panels which, when subsequently juxtaposed, are adapted at the upper edge to connect to the inner walls of the cells and at the bottom are suitable to connect to the outlet mouths.

The term "sub-plate" is to be understood as a "segment" or "transition segment", and means a plate which, in suitable combination with the corresponding sub-plate or sub-plates, forms an assembly corresponding to the transition plate.

This has the advantage that the sub-panels are simply mounted in the silo at the height of the transition from the cell to the outlet mouth. Moreover, such sub-panels can be more easily transported to the location of the silo to be erected. Likewise, such partial plates can be made more easily by means of a point bend of a substantially triangular plate.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a silo according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the one or more cells have a rectangular cross section, preferably a square cross section.

This offers the advantage that such silos can be easily erected by connecting the respective ends of the wall panels, the outermost ends being provided with suitable connecting elements for the connection of two or more wall panels together so that the walls of the cell are formed. In addition, cells with a rectangular cross-section have the advantage that several silo cells optimally connect to one another in a silo complex. Thus, the space for storage of bulk or bulk goods is optimally utilized.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a silo according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the one or more outlet orifices have a circular cross section, preferably a circular cross section.

1 is a schematic representation of a silo 1 with a cell 2 with square cross section and circular outlet mouth 3 connected by means of a transition plate 4 , 1a shows in perspective view a schematic representation of a vertical cross-section of such silo 1 , The transition plate 4 connects the inner walls of the cell 2 with the edges of the outlet mouth 3 , On the bottom is the outlet mouth 3 with a circular opening 5 Mistake. 1b shows a plan view of a horizontal cross section. 1c shows a side view of a vertical cross section with indication of the angle α, is formed by the walls of the cell and the transition plate, and with a detailed drawing of the transition from the cell 2 to the outlet mouth 3 , The detailed section shows the transition plate closer, wherein the angle α and the inclination angle β are given, which defines the slope of the outlet mouth and the transition plate. Enclosed between the walls of the cell, the outlet mouth and the transition plate is the "dead" space 6 in which the bulk or bulk material in the absence of the transition plate 4 to accumulate and stay behind.

In an alternative embodiment, the cell has a rectangular horizontal cross section with a well-defined length and width, and the horizontal cross section of the outlet opening is oval-shaped.

2 is a schematic representation of a silo 1 with a cell 2 with a rectangular cross-section and oval-shaped outlet mouth 3 and outlet opening 5 , where the walls of the cell 2 with the outlet mouth 3 by means of a transition plate 4 are connected.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a silo according to the first aspect of the invention wherein the cell is quadrangular and wherein the transition plate comprises four sub-panels for covering the respective four base corners of the cell.

This offers the advantage that the four sub-panels can be easily manufactured by known molding techniques; that the part plates can be easily transported; and that the part plates can be easily mounted and fixed in the silo.

3 is a schematic representation of an internal perspective view of a corner portion of a cell 2 a silo 1 with circular outlet mouth 3 , The figure shows a corner plate as a specific embodiment for the above-mentioned partial plate. A corner plate 4b is shown in the corner and is made of two partially shown corner panels, 4a and 4c flanked. These corner plates 4 form a connection between the walls of the cell 2 and cover the dead space 'behind the corner plates 4 from. In the vertical direction, also called longitudinal direction, of the cell 2 The angle can continue through a longitudinal corner plate 7 be covered, which represents a predominantly rectangular plate which is curved in the longitudinal direction. Accordingly, the longitudinal corner plate 7 in a concave rounded design provided to the corner plate 4 to join. On the bottom of the outlet mouth 3 the perimeter may be at an edge 9 connect.

4 is also a schematic representation of an exploded perspective view of a cell 2 a silo 1 , In 4 are just two walls of the cell 2 shown. The outlet mouth 3 comprises a cone with a circular cross-section and open base and surface. As shown in the figure, the surface has a wider cross-section compared to the base. Along the perimeter of the open surface, the cone terminates in a rectangular, or more specifically square, flat plate 8th on, which is hung on the bottom and fixed. At the open base, the outlet mouth 3 also on a flat, rectangular plate 9 connect. The corner plates 4a and 4b be in the respective corners of the cell 2 provided and form a contact line 10a -Federation 10b -C between the walls of the cell 2 and the corner plates 4 , The contact lines in 4 show that the contact lines on each wall do not necessarily have the same geometry. In the angles between the walls close the corner plates 4 to the geometry of the corner elements, which fix the walls relative to each other.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a silo according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the Partial plates are obtained by a central point bend of a predominantly triangular plate to the desired curvature, according to the desired inclination angle β and the desired angle α between the wall of the cell and the transition plate.

In the context of the present invention, it is believed that those skilled in the art are familiar with molding techniques relating to the bending of panels, such as metallic panels, and more preferably, steel panels. Thus, those skilled in the art can calculate the required bending angles by means of calculation methods known in the art to obtain a partial plate having the desired angle α and the desired angle of inclination β.

The term "predominantly triangular" is to be understood as a triangular element wherein the two base corners are cut off in such a way that the resulting partial plates can join along a common vertical section. Optionally, the top corner can also be cut off. It is further stated that the width of the cut of the base corner is less than 10% of the total length of the base of the triangle, and preferably less than 5%. The width of the section of the base corner is preferably less than 5% of the total length of the base of the triangular element.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a silo according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the one or more outlet orifices are in the form of a flattened cone having an open base and surface, the perimeter of the surface having the transition plate is connected, and wherein the diameter of the surface is greater than the diameter of the base surface. This offers the advantage that a funnel-shaped element is provided for the centralization of the outlet of the bulk or bulk material. In an alternative embodiment, the base is in an angular, z. As rectangular or square, or in a non-angular, z. B. oval, form provided. Subsequent to the circumference of the base area, an additional shield can furthermore be provided along at least part of the circumference, the diameter of which can differ from the diameter of the base area and wherein the diameter can be greater than the diameter of the base area. In this specific context, the term "diameter" is to be understood as the distance between two furthest points along a circumference, be it an angular or a non-angular circumference.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a silo according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the transition plate is secured to the inner walls of the one or more cells by means of a weld.

In a still preferred embodiment, the transition plate is adhered to the inner walls of the one or more cells by means of a binder. In an alternative embodiment, the transition plate is connected to the inner walls of the one or more cells by means of mechanical binding means, such as bolts and nuts.

5 is a schematic representation of a silo 1 with several cells 2 , arranged in rows (A, B, C) and columns (I, II, III, IV). The figure is a schematic plan view of a cross section of a silo 1 with multiple cells, showing that multiple configurations are possible. In particular, in 5 a configuration is shown where ten cells are represented with the same geometry, one cell (cell B-IV) itself divided into four cells and one unfilled cell (cell A-IV). Furthermore, the cells may be provided with equal or different heights.

• A. ein oder mehrere Wandpaneele;
• B. einen oder mehrere Auslassmünder;
• C. Verbindungselemente für die Wandpaneele und/oder die Auslassmünder;
• D. eine oder mehrere Übergangsplatten,

wobei der Übergangsplatten, wen wenn in dem in das Silo montierten Zustand, einen im Wesentlichen konstanten Winkel α zwischen der Wand der Zelle und der Übergangsplatte beschreiben.In a second aspect, the invention provides a kit for assembling a silo according to the first aspect of the invention, comprising:

• A. one or more wall panels;
• B. one or more outlet mouths;
• C. connecting elements for the wall panels and / or the outlet mouths;
• D. one or more transition plates,

wherein the transition plates, when in the silo mounted state, describe a substantially constant angle α between the wall of the cell and the transition plate.

This offers the advantage that the silo to be assembled can simply be transported as a package to the desired location.

In a preferred form, the wall panels are flat to the top and bottom so that they connect to an underlying or overhead wall panel. The outermost ends of the wall panels are preferably provided with connecting elements for connecting the wall panels to adjacent wall panels at an angle and / or in line with one another. Optionally, the kit also includes one or more connectors for closing the connection along a side where no wall panel joins. For example, two fasteners are to be added for each two wall panels that make an angle that does not connects a following silo cell form; and a fastener is to be added for each three wall panels forming a wall with an internal partition wall.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kit according to the second aspect of the invention, wherein the one or more transition plates are included as a kit of, preferably four, sub-panels that can be connected to each other and each sub-panel is centered by a central point bend a predominantly triangular plate can be obtained to the desired curvature, according to the desired inclination angle β and the desired angle α between the wall of the cell and the transition plate.

In a third aspect, the invention provides a method of installing a silo according to the first aspect of the invention, comprising the steps of (i) vertically placing one or more cells having an angular cross section; (ii) positioning one or more outlet orifices under the cells; and (iii) connecting the walls of the cells to the respective outlet mouths by means of a transition plate, the angle α between the wall of the cell and the transition plate being kept substantially constant along the radial circumference of the outlet mouth.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a method according to the third aspect of the invention, wherein the transition plate is formed of four sub-panels made of a predominantly triangular plate curved by means of a central point bend to the desired angle of inclination β ,

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention broadens a method according to the third aspect of the invention, wherein the sub-panels are then placed next to each other next to the inner walls of the cell and then connected by a weld to the inner walls of the cell. Subsequently, the transition plate may also be connected to the one or more outlet orifices by means of a weld. So the outlet mouths are hung on the transition plate or the transition plates. In a still preferred embodiment, the transition plate is adhered to the inner walls of the one or more cells by means of a binder. In an alternative embodiment, the transition plate is connected to the inner walls of the one or more cells by means of mechanical binding means, such as bolts and nuts.

In a fourth aspect, the invention provides the use of a silo according to the first aspect of the invention, for the storage of bulk and / or bulk material, such as preferably granular solid material. Non-limiting examples of such materials are plastic pellets and materials of biological origin, such as wood pellets, foods.

This has the advantage that the materials can be stored and dosed, without material being left behind in the cell's cell when material is flowing out of the cell.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• FR 2541715 [0004, 0005]
• US 4361254 [0005, 0005]
• DE 1226942 [0006]

Claims (12)

Silo ( 1 ) comprising one or more cells ( 2 ), every cell ( 2 ) comprising one or more outlet mouths ( 3 ), whereby the cells ( 2 ) have an angular cross-section and wherein the outlet mouths ( 3 ) have a non-angular cross-section, wherein the outlet mouths ( 3 ) and the cells ( 2 ) by means of a transition plate ( 4 ), characterized in that the angle α between the wall of the cell ( 2 ) and the transition plate ( 4 ) is substantially constant along the radial circumference of the outlet ( 3 ). Silo ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle β of the transition plate ( 4 ) is greater than 30 °, preferably greater than 40 °. Silo ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transition plate ( 4 ) comprises two or more sub-panels which, when subsequently juxtaposed, are adapted at the upper edge to engage the inner walls of the cells ( 2 ) and at the bottom are suitable to connect to the outlet mouths ( 3 ). Silo ( 1 ) according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the one or more cells ( 2 ) have a rectangular cross section, preferably a square cross section. Silo ( 1 ) according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the one or more outlet mouths ( 3 ) have a round cross section, preferably a circular cross section. Silo ( 1 ) according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cell ( 2 ) is quadrangular and wherein the transition plate ( 4 ) comprises four sub-panels to cover the corresponding four base corners of the cell. Silo ( 1 ) according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the partial plates are obtained by a central point bend of a predominantly triangular plate to the desired curvature, corresponding to the desired angle of inclination β and the desired angle α between the wall of the cell ( 2 ) and the transition plate ( 4 ). Silo ( 1 ) according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the one or more outlet mouths ( 3 ) are provided in the form of a flattened cone with an open base and surface, wherein the circumference of the surface, thereby with the transition plate ( 4 ), and wherein the diameter of the surface is greater than the diameter of the base. Silo ( 1 ) according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the transition plate ( 4 ) on the inner walls of the one or more cells ( 2 ) is fastened by means of a weld. Kit for assembling a silo ( 1 ) according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: A. one or more wall panels; B. one or more outlet mouths ( 3 ); C. Joining elements for the wall panels and / or the outlet mouths ( 3 ); D. one or more transition plates, characterized in that the transition plates, when in the silo ( 1 ) mounted state, a predominantly constant angle α between the wall of the cell ( 2 ) and the transition plate ( 4 ). A kit according to claim 10, wherein the one or more transition plates are included as a kit of, preferably four, sub-plates, and wherein each sub-plate can be obtained by central point bending of a predominantly triangular plate to the desired curvature, as desired Angle of inclination β and the desired angle α between the wall of the cell ( 2 ) and the transition plate ( 4 ). Use of a silo ( 1 ) according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, for the storage of bulk and / or bulk material, such as preferably granular solid material.

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