DE202015100367U1 - Floor support, arrangement with a ground support and a floor covering as well as device for the production of the ground support - Google Patents

Abstract

Ground support (10) having a nonwoven fabric layer (12) serving as a carrier layer (11), which has a plurality of perforations (14), wherein the perforations (14) already during the nonwoven fabric production before or during the solidification of the initially unconsolidated nonwoven material (23) with a lower layer (35) of a first layer material (S1) and an upper layer (36) of a second layer material (S2), wherein the first layer material (S1) and the second layer material (S2) comprise a plastic (K) and filler particles (P) of a filler distributed in the plastic (K), and wherein the top layer (36) is disposed on an upper surface (15) of the nonwoven fabric layer (12) and the lower layer (35) is formed on a lower surface (16) of the nonwoven fabric layer (12) is arranged directly and the two layers (35, 36) by means of through the openings (14) extending through connecting webs (38) are connected directly to each other, wherein the verb indungsstege (38) from the first layer material (S1) and / or second layer material (S2) exist.

Description

The invention relates to a ground support, an arrangement having a ground support, and a device for producing the ground support. The floor covering can serve as an intermediate layer between a substrate and a floor covering or even directly represent the floor covering.

A low-emission floor covering is out EP 1 086 176 B1 known. The floor covering should be wear-resistant, low-emission, resistant to aging and variably colored with an appealing appearance. It is made of a plastic, which is prepared as a polymeric binder at least one elastomer based on at least one polyolefin and at least one graft copolymer. The plastic may have fillers such as quartz flour, kaolin, talc, chalk, wood flour, dolomite. The plastic is applied on one side to a present in web form carrier. As the support, a natural and / or synthetic woven or knitted fabric, textile materials, nonwoven or nonwoven fabric can be used.

DE 32 37 633 A1 describes a method for producing an electrically conductive floor covering, in particular for operating theaters and in hazardous areas. This is made of a top layer and a bottom layer, wherein the top layer consists of a material which has a higher flow viscosity during pressing and vulcanization than the material of the bottom layer. The upper layer can be made of wood, textile, an uncrosslinked rubber or plastic, for example. For the underlayer, a rubber-elastic material such as polyester or polyamide can be used. There are perforations in the topsheet which are filled from the backsheet to the surface of the flooring. The openings can be introduced by punching, cutting or drilling in the upper class.

The invention has for its object to improve the ground support, so that it is easy to manufacture while still achieving a good foot and room sound insulation.

This object is achieved by a ground support with the features of claim 1, an arrangement with the features of claim 25 and an apparatus for producing a ground support with the features of claim 26.

The ground support has a nonwoven fabric layer serving as a carrier layer. The nonwoven fabric layer has a plurality of apertures, wherein the apertures are already produced during the nonwoven fabric production before or during the solidification of the nonwoven material. The nonwoven fabric layer has an upper side and a lower side opposite the upper side. On the underside there is a lower layer of a first layer material and on the upper side an upper layer of a second layer material is arranged. The upper layer and the lower layer are each directly adjacent to the nonwoven fabric layer, wherein a particular cohesive and / or positive connection can be made. The first layer material and the second layer material each have a plastic and a filler arranged distributed in the plastic. The filler consists of a plurality of filler particles, which are distributed as homogeneously as possible in the plastic of the respective layer material.

The upper layer and the lower layer are directly connected by connecting webs. The connecting webs pass through the openings in the nonwoven fabric layer. There is a material connection between the upper layer and the lower layer via the connecting webs. The connecting webs consist of the first layer material and / or the second layer material. The nonwoven fabric layer is held between the upper layer and the lower layer.

The filler is powdery or pourable and consists of filler particles which have a solid state of aggregation at normal room temperatures or during the production of the ground support.

The ground support can be used advantageously as a step and / or room sound damping pad. The ground support can be placed, for example, on a substrate, such as a screed. It can either be used directly as a floor covering or serve as an intermediate layer between the substrate and another floor covering. On the floor covering any flooring can be placed, for example, parquet, laminate, tiles, flagstones or other particular soundproof floor coverings from all eligible flooring materials. The ground support is not materially connected to the ground to form the arrangement and when used as an intermediate layer between a floor covering and a substrate, but laid floating on the ground. The floor covering is preferably adhesively bonded to the upper layer by means of an adhesive coating. If the bottom support itself serves as a floor covering, a sealing coating can be arranged on the top layer.

The invention is based on the finding that the support layer for the ground support a nonwoven fabric layer, in which the openings already before or during the solidification of the Nonwoven material produced, brings significant benefits. On the one hand, carrier layers made of a fabric are very expensive and inelastic. Carrier layers made of a knitted or knitted fabric are in turn too flexible and also clearly too expensive. A nonwoven fabric layer or nonwoven fabric layer in which the apertures are introduced by punching, cutting or another method of separation obstructs the coating of the carrier layer with the layer materials. The cut off during the separation to produce the openings threads complicate the coating process. In addition, the mechanical stability of a nonwoven fabric layer or nonwoven fabric layer is too low, in particular in the case of a tensile load in the direction of the plane in which the nonwoven fabric layer extends.

Therefore, according to the invention, a nonwoven fabric layer is used. Such a nonwoven fabric layer can be produced in sufficient strength. By solidification, the tensile load of the nonwoven fabric layer in the extension plane is sufficiently large. Characterized in that the nonwoven fabric layer is formed such that it has openings produced at or before the solidification, the severing of fibers in the region of the openings is avoided. The openings are formed by a displacement of the fibers without a Trennvervorgang. As a result, the coating of the nonwoven fabric layer serving as a carrier layer with the upper layer and the lower layer is considerably simplified. Such a ground support can be industrially produced inexpensively.

By means of the ground support, it was possible to reduce the impact sound by about 20 dB and reduce the room noise by about 30%.

It is advantageous if the first layer material and the second layer material have the same plastic and / or the same filler. For example, the proportions of the filler compared to the plastic in the two layer materials may be different. In a further embodiment, it is also possible that the two layer materials are identical.

In an embodiment in which the second layer material of the upper layer contains a larger proportion by weight of the filler than the first layer material of the lower layer, the abrasion resistance of the upper layer can be increased. The upper layer is usually exposed to greater loads, especially when the ground support serves as a floor covering. The proportion by weight is based on a volume weight of the respective layer material. In other words, in this embodiment, in an identical volume in the first layer material, a smaller amount of the respective filler is contained than in the second layer material.

The filler particles of the first layer material and / or the second layer material may consist of a mineral material and / or of an electrically conductive material. The filler for the first layer material and / or the second layer material may comprise first filler particles of chalk and / or second filler particles of a silicate or a silicate mixture and / or third filler particles of an electrically conductive material. The filler particles of an electrically conductive material are preferably present exclusively in the upper layer, ie in the second layer material, in order to prevent electrostatic charging of the ground support.

As the plastic for the first layer material and / or the second layer material, an acrylate may be used. In one embodiment, the first layer material and / or the second layer material may consist exclusively of an acrylate and a respective filler. The cost of the layer materials are low and the coating of the nonwoven layer is very easy to carry out industrially.

By using an acrylate and / or a filler of chalk and / or a silicate or a silicate mixture, in addition to the simple and cost-effective production of the ground support, a fire protection class B1 for the ground support is also advantageously achieved.

It is also advantageous if the weight fraction of the filler in the first layer material and / or the second layer material is smaller than the weight fraction of the plastic based on the basis weight of the respective layer material. The basis weight is the weight of the respective layer material when it covers a given area. Since the proportions by weight of the filler and of the plastic increase or decrease equally with the thickness of the layer material, the weight fraction based on the weight per unit area can be considered here.

It is also advantageous if the first layer material and / or the second layer material additionally contains a plastic and / or elastic deformability facilitating additive. The proportion by weight of the additive may be at least 10% and / or at most 20%, based on the basis weight of the relevant first and / or second layer material. The additive can provide a better adaptation of the ground support to the ground in the lower layer without creating voids which can act as resonance cavities. In the upper layer For example, the additive may provide a suitable fit to a floor covering and avoid voids between the top layer and the floor covering. As an additive, for example, a polyacrylate dispersion can be used. In particular, phthalates are avoided as an additive.

The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric layer may be at least 80 g / m ² in one embodiment.

The nonwoven fabric layer comprises fibers of at least one synthetic fiber material. In one embodiment, the nonwoven fabric layer may include first fibers of a synthetic fiber material and second fibers of another synthetic fiber material. The first fibers may for example consist of viscose. The second fibers may be made of polyester, for example. Other polymeric synthetic fiber materials can also be used for the fibers of the nonwoven fabric layer.

The first and / or second fibers may alternatively also be natural fibers, for example cotton.

In one embodiment, the nonwoven fabric layer and / or the fibers of the nonwoven fabric layer may also have a finishing agent in order to prevent or limit the penetration of the relevant layer material into the nonwoven fabric layer during the application of the first or second layer material.

In one embodiment, the weight fraction of the first fibers may be greater than the weight fraction of the second fibers, based on the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric layer. For example, it is possible that the proportion by weight of the first fibers is at most 60% and / or that the proportion by weight of the second fibers is at most 40%.

The nonwoven fabric layer may further comprise a binder whose weight fraction is at most 8% based on the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric layer. According to the proportion by weight of the binder, the proportion by weight of the first fibers and / or the second fibers is reduced.

It is advantageous if the thickness of the nonwoven fabric layer is at least 0.5 mm and / or at most 1.5 mm. In a preferred embodiment, the nonwoven fabric layer has a thickness of 1.0 mm. This provides a sufficient distance between the upper layer and the lower layer. It is also ensured that a direct connection of the first layer material with the second layer material is limited to the openings in the nonwoven fabric layer.

It is also advantageous if the cross-sectional area of each aperture is at least 1.0 mm ² and / or at most 10.0 mm ² . Preferably, the cross-sectional area of an aperture has a size of 4.0 mm ² . The contour of an opening can be arbitrary. For example, rectangular or other polygonal cross-sectional contours such as circular or elliptical cross-sectional contours may be provided. In the specified range, the cross-sectional area ensures that sufficiently thick connecting webs between the upper layer and the lower layer arise.

The sum of the cross-sectional areas of all apertures of the nonwoven fabric layer forms a total aperture area. The proportion of this total breakthrough area on the surface area of the nonwoven fabric layer is preferably at least 20% and / or at most 60%. On the other hand, the mechanical stability on the one hand and the impact sound insulation and the sound insulation on the other hand are particularly good in this area.

The total thickness of the ground support in one embodiment is at least 1.0 mm and / or at most 5.0 mm and preferably 2.5 mm.

The ground support may have a basis weight of at least 2000 g / m ² .

In addition, in a preferred embodiment, the ground support may have a thermal resistance which is at most 0.15 m ² K / W.

It is advantageous that a sealing coating is arranged on the upper coating, in particular when the bottom support simultaneously represents the floor covering. Durability, abrasion resistance and chemical resistance can be improved.

Preferably, the ground support is placed directly on the ground with the lower layer without producing a material connection. In order to avoid a displacement of the ground support against the substrate and to increase the static friction, an adhesive coating may be present on the lower layer on a side facing away from the nonwoven fabric layer.

It is also preferred if the acoustic characteristic impedance of the filler particles of the filler of the first layer material and / or of the second layer material is greater than the acoustic characteristic impedance of the plastic.

• – einen Untergrund,
• – einen Bodenbelag,
• – eine Bodenauflage, wie sie vorstehend beschrieben wurde, die zwischen dem Untergrund und dem Bodenbelag angeordnet ist.

An arrangement can be made with the help of this floor support. The arrangement comprises:

• - a subsoil,
• - a floor covering,
• A floor covering, as described above, which is arranged between the substrate and the floor covering.

The described ground support can be produced with a device which has a nonwoven production device for producing a nonwoven fabric layer. This nonwoven manufacturing device is adapted to produce a plurality of openings already during the production of the nonwoven fabric layer before or during the solidification of the initially unconsolidated nonwoven material without performing a separation process (cutting, punching, etc.), but in particular exclusively by displacement of fibers , The apparatus further comprises a coating device configured to apply a lower layer of a first layer material to a lower surface of the nonwoven fabric layer and to apply an upper layer of a second layer material to an upper surface of the nonwoven fabric layer. The first and the second layer material contain a plastic and distributed in plastic filler particles of a filler. The coating device is also adapted to produce during application of the upper layer and / or during application of the lower layer connecting webs, which consist of the first and the second layer material, such that the connecting webs pass through the apertures and a direct connection between make the upper layer and the lower layer. The coating device preferably applies the first layer material and / or the second layer material in flowable form to the nonwoven fabric layer, and the layer material then cures.

In a preferred embodiment, the nonwoven production device may be configured to produce a plurality of water jets for solidifying the nonwoven fabric by means of a water jet nozzle arrangement. In this case, the nonwoven production device can also be designed to align and / or move the water jets by means of the water jet nozzle arrangement during solidification of the nonwoven material in such a way that the nonwoven fabric layer is solidified and, in addition, the openings are produced. With such a hydroentanglement, the nonwoven fabric layer with the openings can be produced easily and efficiently.

Additionally, in another embodiment, the nonwoven manufacturing device may be configured to form the apertures in an unconsolidated nonwoven material by means of a nub roller assembly. The nonwoven manufacturing device may also be configured to subsequently solidify the apertured nonwoven material by applying a solidifying fluid. Such a solidifying fluid can, for example, be sprayed onto the still unconsolidated nonwoven material with the apertures.

• – Herstellen einer Vliesstoffschicht, die eine Mehrzahl von Durchbrechungen aufweist, wobei die Durchbrechungen bereits beim Herstellen der Vliesstoffschicht vor oder während der Verfestigung des Vliesmaterials erzeugt werden,
• – Aufbringen einer unteren Schicht aus einem ersten Schichtmaterial auf eine Unterseite der Vliesstoffschicht,
• – Aufbringen einer oberen Schicht aus einem zweiten Schichtmaterial auf eine Oberseite der Vliesstoffschicht,

wobei das erste Schichtmaterial und das zweite Schichtmaterial einen Kunststoff und im Kunststoff verteilt angeordnete Füllstoffpartikel eines Füllstoffes aufweisen,
wobei beim Aufbringen der oberen und/oder der unteren Schicht Verbindungsstege erzeugt werden, die aus dem ersten und/oder zweiten Schichtmaterial bestehen und die durch die Durchbrechungen hindurch verlaufen und wobei die Verbindungsstege nach dem Aufbringen der oberen Schicht und der unteren Schicht diese beiden Schichten unmittelbar miteinander verbinden.A method for producing the ground support with the steps described below can also be carried out independently of the device described with other devices:

• Producing a nonwoven fabric layer having a plurality of apertures, wherein the apertures are already produced during the production of the nonwoven fabric layer before or during the solidification of the nonwoven material,
• Applying a lower layer of a first layer material to a lower side of the nonwoven layer,
• Applying a top layer of a second layer material to an upper side of the nonwoven layer,

wherein the first layer material and the second layer material comprise a plastic and filler particles of a filler distributed in the plastic,
wherein during the application of the upper and / or the lower layer connecting webs are generated, which consist of the first and / or second layer material and which extend through the openings and wherein the connecting webs after the application of the upper layer and the lower layer these two layers directly connect with each other.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

1 An embodiment of a ground support in a schematic schematic diagram,

2 An embodiment of an arrangement with a ground support and a floor covering on a substrate in a schematic schematic diagram,

3 and 4 in each case one embodiment of a nonwoven production device for producing a nonwoven fabric layer in a schematic, block diagram-like representation,

5 a schematic diagram of a nonwoven fabric layer with openings in plan view and

6 An embodiment of an apparatus for producing a ground support in a schematic, block diagram-like representation.

In 1 is an embodiment of a ground support 10 shown schematically. The ground pad 10 has a multi-layered structure and, for example, comprises at least three layers, of which at least two consist of different materials or material mixtures.

The ground pad 10 has a carrier layer 11 made of textile material. The carrier layer 11 is through a nonwoven layer 12 formed of compressed nonwoven fabric. In 5 is schematically a nonwoven web 13 illustrated in plan view. A nonwoven web 13 or a plurality of juxtaposed nonwoven webs 13 can or can to form the nonwoven fabric layer 12 be used. The nonwoven web 13 is made by solidification of fibers that are intertwined with each other. A loose random fiber web or an uncompressed nonwoven material is solidified by an action, for example a mechanical action and / or a fluidic action and / or a chemical action, so that a textile part receiving tensile forces is formed. The nonwoven web 13 and hence the nonwoven layer 12 has a plurality of openings 14 on. The breakthroughs 14 may be arranged distributed according to a pattern, for example in matrix form in rows and columns in the plane in which the nonwoven web 13 or the nonwoven fabric layer 12 extends.

Every opening 14 has a cross-sectional area AQ. In 5 one of the cross-sectional areas AQ is schematically represented by cross-hatching. The amount of the cross-sectional area AQ is in the range of 1.0 mm ² . The contour of the openings 14 may be polygonal, for example rectangular or square, as in 5 is illustrated. Deviating from this, the contour of the openings 14 also be without corners, about circular or elliptical. The breakthroughs 14 enforce the nonwoven web 13 or the nonwoven fabric layer 12 completely from a top 15 to a bottom 16 ,

The sum of all cross-sectional areas AQ of the openings 14 forms a total breakthrough area. The total breakdown area has a share of the surface of the nonwoven fabric layer 12 of at least 20% and a maximum of 60%.

The nonwoven layer 12 in the embodiment has a thickness DV of at least 0.5 mm and a maximum of 1.5 mm, wherein the thickness DV of the nonwoven fabric layer 12 is 1.0 mm, for example. The nonwoven layer 12 has, for example, a basis weight of at least 80 g / m ² .

The nonwoven layer 12 or the nonwoven web 13 consists of intertwined fibers, for example synthetic fibers. It may also be a mixture of several synthetic fibers of different materials. In a preferred embodiment, in the nonwoven fabric layer 12 first fibers of a synthetic fiber material, preferably viscose, and second fibers of another synthetic fiber material, preferably polyester. Other fibers made of other materials are not available here. Alternatively, at least a portion of the fibers could also be formed by natural fibers, for example cotton fibers.

By way of example, the proportion by weight of the first fibers of viscose is greater than the proportion by weight of the second fibers of polyester, based on the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric layer 12 , The proportion by weight of viscose fibers in the embodiment is a maximum of 60% and the proportion by weight of the polyester fibers is at most 40%. For bonding the fibers, a binder in the nonwoven fabric layer 12 be contained, in particular in the production of the nonwoven fabric layer 12 by a wet-laid process. The binder can have a weight fraction of not more than 8%, based on the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric layer 12 to have. Accordingly, the proportion by weight of the first fibers and / or the second fibers decreases. For example, regardless of the amount of binder, the weight ratio of the first fibers to the weight ratio of the second fibers of 3 to 2 is maintained.

The breakthroughs 14 in the nonwoven fabric layer 12 are already during the production of the nonwoven web 13 produced before or during solidification by displacement of fibers. This has the advantage that when making the openings 14 no fibers are cut or separated. This simplifies the further processing, in particular the coating, as described below.

In the 3 and 4 is schematically each a nonwoven manufacturing facility 20 illustrated. According to the embodiment 3 shows the nonwoven manufacturing facility 20 a water jet nozzle assembly 21 on, from in 3 only a water jet nozzle 22 can be seen. From the water jet nozzles 22 A needle-like jet of water comes out and gets onto the unconsolidated nonwoven material 23 directed. By the water jets the nonwoven material is compacted and solidified. In the embodiment, a pad, on which the still uncompacted nonwoven material 23 rests, holes on. By solidification, the fibers are in the places where the pad holes, displaced during solidification whereby the openings 14 arise.

In 4 is an alternative embodiment of the nonwoven manufacturing facility 20 illustrated. The unconsolidated nonwoven material 23 is through a roller arrangement 24 with at least one roll 25 . 26 machined so that the fibers are brought into the desired position. The roller arrangement 24 has at least one role 25 with nubs or protrusions 26 on the lateral surface. If the uncompacted nonwoven material 23 on the roll 25 is moved past while the role 25 turns, the fibers are through the protrusions 26 displaced, causing the breakthroughs 14 be formed. The still unconsolidated, perforated nonwoven material 27 is then treated with a solidifying fluid 28 from a spraying device 29 sprayed and solidifies on curing. In this way the nonwoven web becomes 13 produced. In the embodiment in 4 has the roller assembly 24 another role 25 with depressions 30 on the lateral surface. The two roles 25 rotate in opposite directions, with the projections 26 into the wells 25 engage while the unconsolidated nonwoven material 23 between the two roles 25 is moved through.

The ground pad 10 has a lower layer 35 and an upper layer 36 on. On the bottom 16 is on the nonwoven layer 12 the lower layer 35 applied from a first layer material S1. On the top 15 the nonwoven fabric layer 12 is the upper layer 36 applied from a second layer material S2.

The two layer materials S1, S2 each consist of a plastic K, which is admixed with a filler. The filler consists of free-flowing or pulverulent filler particles P. The filler particles P are preferably distributed homogeneously in the respective plastic K of the relevant layer material S1, S2. The two layer materials S1, S2 may consist of the mixture of the same plastic K and the same filler particles P, wherein they may have different proportions by weight of plastic K and filler particles P based on the volume weight of the respective layer material S1, S2 ( 1 ). Alternatively, the two layer materials S1, S2 can also be identical ( 2 ). At the in 1 illustrated embodiment, the weight fraction of the filler or the filler particles P in the second layer material S2 is greater than in the first layer material S1, based on the volume weight of the respective layer material S1, S2. The proportion of the filler particles P in the first layer material S1 is larger, so to speak, than in the second layer material S2.

In the preferred embodiment, the plastic K used is an acrylate. The filler particles P may consist of chalk and / or a silicate and / or a silicate mixture. It is therefore possible to use as filler a mixture of several different filler particles P. In the embodiment according to 1 has the upper layer 36 first filler particles P1 and second filler particles P2. The first and second filler particles P1, P2 are made of different materials. For example, the second filler particles P2 may consist of electrically conductive material, so that the upper layer 36 can be carried out antistatic. This is advantageous, for example, when the ground support 10 also used as flooring. The proportion by weight of the first filler particles P1 may be different from the weight proportion of the second filler particles P2 in the same layer material.

As in 1 illustrates, the weight fraction of the filler particles P in the two layers 35 . 36 be different. In the embodiment, the weight fraction of the filler particles P is in the upper layer 36 larger than in the lower layer 35 , This allows the upper layer 36 specifically with regard to properties such as abrasion resistance, antistatic properties or the like with respect to the lower layer 25 to be changed. Also, the material that makes up the filler particles P is chosen to achieve the desired properties.

According to the example, the proportion by weight of the filler or of the filler particles P is smaller than the weight fraction of the plastic K in the upper layer 36 and the lower layer 35 , based on the basis weight of the respective first or second layer material S1, S2. In some embodiments, the first layer material S1 and / or the second layer material S2 may contain water or a residual moisture, wherein the weight fraction of the water is in particular both smaller than the weight fraction of the filler particles P, and smaller than the weight fraction of the plastic K, based on the basis weight of the respective layer material S1, S2.

The thickness of the upper layer 36 may be different from the thickness of the lower layer 35 , wherein the thickness of the upper layer 36 for example, smaller than that of the lower layer 35 ,

As in 1 schematically illustrated on the nonwoven fabric layer 12 opposite side of the upper layer 36 a sealing coating 37 to be available. Thus, the upper layer 36 specifically protected against exposure to chemicals, radiation, mechanical damage, etc. The sealing coating 37 is optional and in particular only provided if the ground support 10 is used as floor covering.

• 1. Die Versiegelungsbeschichtung besteht aus einem Polyacrylat und hat ein Flächengewicht von 200 g/m².
• 2. Das erste Schichtmaterial S1 und/oder das zweite Schichtmaterial S2 besteht aus einer Mischung aus Polyacrylat und Füllstoffpartikeln P aus einem mineralischen Material, beispielsweise Kreide, wobei der Gewichtsanteil des Polyacrylats 2/3 und der Gewichtsanteil der Füllstoffpartikel P 1/3 beträgt. Das erste Schichtmaterial S1 bzw. das zweite Schichtmaterial S2 weist ein Flächengewicht von 800 g/m² auf.
• 3. Die Vliesschicht 12 besteht aus einer Vliesstoffbahn 13 mit mit einem Flächengewicht von 80 g/m². Diese Vliesstoffbahn kann z.B. urch Wasserstrahlverfestigung eines Vleimaterials hergestellt werden („Spunlace“).

At the here in 1 illustrated embodiment has the ground support 10 the following components:

• 1. The sealing coating consists of a polyacrylate and has a basis weight of 200 g / m ² .
• 2. The first layer material S1 and / or the second layer material S2 consists of a mixture of polyacrylate and filler particles P of a mineral material, such as chalk, wherein the weight fraction of the polyacrylate 2/3 and the weight fraction of the filler particles P is 1/3. The first layer material S1 or the second layer material S2 has a basis weight of 800 g / m ² .
• 3. The nonwoven layer 12 consists of a nonwoven web 13 with a basis weight of 80 g / m ² . This nonwoven web can be produced, for example, by hydroentanglement of a Vleimaterials ("spunlace").

The ground pad 10 has a total thickness DB of at least 1.0 mm and a maximum of 5.0 mm and, for example, 2.5 mm. The thickness of the sealing layer 37 is for example 0.1 mm. The thickness of the upper layer 36 is, for example, 0.8 mm. The thickness of the lower layer 35 is 1.0 mm, for example, and the thickness DV of the nonwoven fabric layer is 0.6 mm, for example.

2 schematically shows an arrangement 40 , consisting of a subsoil 41 , the ground pad 10 as well as a floor covering 42 , An embodiment of the ground support 10 is between the underground 41 and the flooring 42 arranged. As a floor covering 42 Any known flooring can be used, for example, tiles, flagstones, concrete slabs, parquet, laminate, cork, etc. In the embodiment according to 2 are the first layer material S1 and the second layer material S2 of the lower layer 35 and the upper layer 36 identical. However, the two layer materials S1, S2 could also be different from each other, as in connection with 1 explained.

In contrast to the ground support 10 out 1 indicates the ground support 10 to 2 on the nonwoven fabric layer 12 opposite side of the upper layer 36 as well as the lower layer 35 one adhesive coating each 43 on. The adhesive coating 43 does not create a solid cohesive connection between the ground support 10 and the underground 41 on the one hand, and the flooring, on the other 42 on the other hand. Rather, the static friction is increased, so that a relative movement can not or only to a small extent take place. As adhesion coating, a mixture of a polyacrylate dispersion and water can be used, wherein as the polyacrylate dispersion, for example, "Tubicoat A19" can be used. The polyacrylate dispersion and the water are mixed, for example, in a ratio of 3: 2.

The underground 41 may be, for example, a screed.

The ground pad 10 has a damping effect against impact sound and room sound. The acoustic characteristic impedance of the filler particles P is preferably greater than the acoustic characteristic impedance of the plastic K. Due to the filler particles P, a refraction of the sound waves in the bottom support 10 respectively.

The acrylates preferably used as plastic K have flame retardant effect. The ground pad 10 can meet the requirements of fire protection class B1. The thermal resistance of the ground support 10 is at most 0.15 m ² K / W. The basis weight of the ground support 10 is at least 2000 g / m ² .

In the first layer material S1 and / or in the second layer material S2 may additionally contain a plastic and / or elastic deformability facilitating additive. Such an additive may have a weight fraction of 10% to 20%, based on the basis weight or the volume weight of the relevant layer material S1 or S2.

The breakthroughs 14 in the nonwoven fabric layer 12 are each connected by a connecting bridge 38 interspersed, the lower layer 35 immediately with the upper layer 36 combines. Every connecting bridge 38 consists of the first layer material S1 of the lower layer 35 and / or the second layer material S2 of the upper layer 36 , Over the connecting bridges 38 become the two layers 35 . 36 directly materially connected to each other. The nonwoven layer 12 becomes thereby positively between the lower layer 35 and the upper layer 36 held.

In 6 is a device 50 for the production of the ground support 10 illustrated in the block diagram. To the device 50 includes a nonwoven manufacturing facility 20 with which the nonwoven web 13 as a nonwoven layer 12 serves, is produced. As already explained, it is essential that the openings 14 during the manufacture of the nonwoven web 13 during or before solidification of the still unconsolidated nonwoven material 23 generated become. Exemplary production methods have been used in connection with the embodiments of the nonwoven production device 20 according to the 3 and 4 so that reference may be made to the above description.

The device 50 leads the nonwoven web 13 to a first coating unit 51 , At the first coating unit 51 The first layer material S1 is in flowable form on the underside 16 the nonwoven fabric layer 12 applied. Subsequently, the one on the bottom 16 coated nonwoven layer 12 through a first oven 52 guided, in which the first layer material S1 is cured by exposure to heat.

When coating the nonwoven fabric layer 12 with the first layer material S1, the connecting webs 38 in the openings 14 be made wholly or partly.

Starting from the first oven 52 becomes the one with the lower layer 35 provided nonwoven fabric layer 12 on to a second coating unit 53 guided. In the second coating unit 53 becomes the flowable second layer material S2 on the top 15 the nonwoven fabric layer 12 applied. From the second coating unit 51 becomes the now double-coated nonwoven fabric layer 12 to a second oven 54 led, in which the applied upper layer 36 is cured.

The two coating units 51 . 53 as well as the two ovens 52 . 54 thus form a coating device 55 for applying and curing the lower layer 35 and the upper layer 36 on the nonwoven fabric layer 12 ,

The order of application of the two layers 35 . 36 on the nonwoven fabric layer 12 can be chosen arbitrarily. The two layers 35 . 36 could in principle also simultaneously on the nonwoven fabric layer 12 be applied.

Regardless of the device 50 can be a ground support 10 also by other manufacturing means advantageously with the following steps:

First, the nonwoven fabric layer 12 with the majority of openings 14 produced. Already before or during the solidification of the unconsolidated nonwoven material 23 These are breakthroughs 14 produced without separation process, for example by displacing fibers. Preferably, the nonwoven fabric layer 12 produced by hydroentanglement ( 3 ).

On the nonwoven layer 12 becomes the bottom layer 35 as well as the upper layer 36 applied and cured. The order of application of the lower layer 35 and the upper layer 36 is freely selectable. It is also possible to use a coating device 55 to provide, in which the two layers 35 . 36 simultaneously on the nonwoven fabric layer 12 applied and then cured together. As described above, first of all, one of the two layers 35 . 36 applied and cured before the other layer 36 respectively. 35 applied and cured.

When applying the upper layer 36 and / or the lower layer 35 become the connecting bridges 38 formed, which are the openings in the nonwoven fabric layer 12 enforce and thus an immediate connection between the two layers 35 . 36 produce.

The invention relates to a ground support 10 as well as a device 50 for their manufacture and one with the help of the ground support 10 and a floor covering 42 produced layer structure, in particular for use in enclosed spaces. The flooring 10 has a nonwoven fabric layer 12 made of solidified fibers, which is in particular synthetic fibers or a synthetic fiber mixture. Before or during the solidification of the fibers are perforations 14 produced in the nonwoven material without cutting fibers. The nonwoven layer 12 is on a bottom 16 with a lower layer 35 and on an opposite top 15 with an upper layer 36 Mistake. The lower layer 35 consists of a first layer material S1 and the upper layer 36 from a second layer material S2. The first and / or second layer material S1, S2 passes through the openings 14 in the nonwoven fabric layer 12 and forms connecting bridges there 38 between the two layers 35 . 36 , The layer materials S1, S2 each consist of a plastic K, which is mixed with filler particles P.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

 bottom Support

11

 backing

12

 Nonwoven layer

13

 Nonwoven web

14

 perforation

15

 Top of the nonwoven fabric layer

16

 Bottom of the nonwoven layer

20

 Fleece manufacturing facility

21

 Water jet nozzle assembly

22

 water jet

23

 unconsolidated nonwoven material

24

 roller assembly

25

 role

26

 head Start

27

 unconsolidated nonwoven material with openings

28

 Festigerfluid

29

 spraying

30

 deepening

35

 Lower class

36

 upper layer

37

 seal coat

38

 connecting web

40

 arrangement

41

 underground

42

 Flooring

43

 stick coating

50

 contraption

51

 first coating unit

52

 first oven

53

 second coating unit

54

 second oven

55

 coater

AQ

 Cross sectional area

DB

 total thickness

DV

 Thickness of the nonwoven fabric layer

P

 filler

P1

 first filler particle

P2

 second filler particle

S1

 first layer material

S2

 second layer material

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1086176 B1 [0002]
• DE 3237633 A1 [0003]

Claims (28)

Ground support ( 10 ) with a carrier layer ( 11 ) nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ) having a plurality of openings ( 14 ), wherein the openings ( 14 ) already during the nonwoven production before or during the solidification of the initially unconsolidated nonwoven material ( 23 ), with a lower layer ( 35 ) of a first layer material (S1) and an upper layer ( 36 ) of a second layer material (S2), wherein the first layer material (S1) and the second layer material (S2) comprise a plastic (K) and plastic particles (P) distributed filler particles (P) of a filler, and wherein the upper layer ( 36 ) on a top side ( 15 ) of the nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ) and the lower layer ( 35 ) on a lower side ( 16 ) of the nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ) is arranged directly and the two layers ( 35 . 36 ) by means of the openings ( 14 ) extending through connecting webs ( 38 ) are directly connected to each other, wherein the connecting webs ( 38 ) consist of the first layer material (S1) and / or second layer material (S2). Ground support according to claim 1, characterized in that the first layer material (S1) the same plastic (K) and / or the same filler as the second layer material (S2) or that the first layer material (S1) and the second layer material (S2) are identical , Ground support according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second layer material (S2) contains a greater proportion by weight of the respective filler than the first layer material (S1) based on a volume weight of the respective layer material (S1, S2). Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plastic (K) consists of an acrylate. Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filler particles (P) consist of a mineral material and / or an electrically conductive material. Ground support according to claim 5, characterized in that the mineral material is chalk and / or a silicate. Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the weight fraction of the filler is smaller than the weight fraction of the plastic (K) based on the basis weight of the relevant first layer material (S1) and / or the second layer material (S2). Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first layer material (S1) and / or the second layer material (S2) additionally contains a plastic and / or elastic deformability facilitating additive whose weight fraction is at least 10% and / or at most 20% is based on the basis weight of the relevant first layer material (S1) and / or the second layer material (S2). Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ) is at least 80 g / m ² . Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ) Comprises fibers of at least one synthetic fiber material. Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ) comprises first fibers of a synthetic fiber material and second fibers of another synthetic fiber material. Ground support according to claim 11, characterized in that the first fibers consist of viscose and / or that the second fibers consist of polyester. Ground support according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the weight fraction of the first fibers is greater than the weight fraction of the second fibers relative to the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ). Ground support according to claim 13, characterized in that the weight fraction of the first fibers is at most 60% and / or that the weight fraction of the second fibers is at most 40%, based on the weight per unit area of the nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ). Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ) has a binder whose weight fraction is at most 8%, based on the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ). Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness (DV) of the nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ) is at least 0.5 mm and / or at most 1.5 mm. Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Cross-sectional area (AQ) of each opening (AQ) 14 ) is at least 1.0 mm ² and / or at most 10.0 mm ² . Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sum of the cross-sectional areas (AQ) of all apertures (AQ) 14 ) forms a total breakthrough area and the fraction of the total breakthrough area on the surface of the nonwoven layer (FIG. 12 ) is at least 20% and / or at most 60%. Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the total thickness (DB) of the ground support ( 10 ) is at least 1.0 mm and / or at most 5.0 mm. Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface weight of the ground support ( 10 ) is at least 2000 g / m ² . Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal resistance of the ground support is not more than 0.15 m ² K / W. Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper layer ( 36 ) on one of the nonwoven layer ( 12 ) facing away from a sealing coating ( 37 ) or an adhesive coating ( 43 ) having. Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower layer ( 35 ) on one of the nonwoven layer ( 12 ) facing away from an adhesive coating ( 43 ) having. Ground support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Schallkennimpedanz the filler particles (P) is greater than the Schallkennimpedanz of the plastic (K). Arrangement ( 40 ) comprising: - an underground ( 41 ), - a floor covering ( 42 ), - a ground support ( 10 ) according to any one of the preceding claims located between the ground ( 41 ) and the flooring ( 42 ) is arranged. Contraption ( 50 ) for producing a ground support ( 10 ), with a nonwoven manufacturing facility ( 20 ) for producing a nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ), which is adapted to a plurality of openings ( 14 ) already during the production of the nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ) before or during the solidification of the initially unconsolidated nonwoven material ( 23 ), with a coating device ( 55 ), which is adapted to a lower layer ( 35 ) of a first layer material (S1) on a lower side ( 16 ) of the nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ) and an upper layer ( 36 ) of a second layer material (S2) on an upper side ( 15 ) of the nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ), wherein the first layer material (S1) and the second layer material (S2) each comprise a plastic (K) and filler particles (P) arranged distributed in the plastic (K), and wherein the coating device ( 55 ) is adapted to apply during the application of the upper layer ( 36 ) and / or the lower layer ( 35 ) Connecting bridges ( 38 ), which consist of the first and / or the second layer material (S2), such that the connecting webs ( 38 ) through the openings ( 14 ) and a direct connection between the upper layer ( 36 ) and the lower layer ( 35 ) produce. Apparatus according to claim 26, characterized in that the nonwoven manufacturing device ( 20 ) is adapted, by means of a water jet nozzle arrangement ( 21 ) several water jets for solidification of the unconsolidated nonwoven material ( 23 ) and that the nonwoven manufacturing device ( 20 ) is adapted during solidification of the unconsolidated nonwoven material ( 23 ) the water jets by means of the water jet nozzle arrangement ( 21 ) to align and / or move such that the nonwoven fabric layer ( 12 ) with the openings ( 14 ) is produced. Apparatus according to claim 26, characterized in that the nonwoven manufacturing device ( 20 ) is set up in an unconsolidated nonwoven material ( 23 ) by means of a roller arrangement ( 24 ) the openings ( 14 ) and which is set up with the openings ( 14 ), unconsolidated nonwoven material ( 27 ) then by applying a Festigerfluids ( 28 ).

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