DE202013000225U1 - Machining unit with two spindles - Google Patents

Abstract

Machining unit with two work spindles (5.1, 5.2) for machining one side of at least one workpiece (W) held on a work table by means of a workpiece carrier using at least one tool magazine, the work table being designed in the form of a cross table (2) which is horizontally in X -Direction via a travel path (sX) and in the Y-direction via a travel path sY), - the work spindles (5.1, 5.2) can be adjusted vertically in the Z-direction independently of each other and - the work spindles (5.1, 5.2) with their vertical ones The axes of rotation (A1, A2) are horizontally spaced from one another in the X direction at a distance (L) which essentially corresponds to half the travel path (sX) of the cross table (2) or which is less than half the travel path (sX) of the cross table ( 2) in the X direction.

Description

The invention relates to a machining unit with two work spindles, which is used in particular for the machining of workpieces in the form of small and medium-sized components at high production quantities.

For the manufacturing jobs and workpiece-specific diversity very different manufacturing tasks a wide range of appropriately adapted machine tool types is known.

While a single NC machining center is used, for example, with low production quantities and a high number of parts, high production quantities of the same workpiece are produced on transfer lines.

Furthermore, flexible manufacturing cells and systems are used, which are adaptable with regard to the technological manufacturing task and the in any order sequential and to be machined workpieces. For productivity it is decisive how many spindles are engaged on the workpiece at the same time. In so-called multi-side machining, several spindles or spindle groups of a single machining unit work from several sides simultaneously on the same workpiece. This method can be used only for relatively large workpieces, since the space required for the concentric attacking spindles must be present. In the case of so-called multi-station machining, one workpiece is passed past several processing stations in a round or longitudinal cycle. This method is due to the transport, positioning and clamping effort of each one pallet and jig for each processing and loading / unloading rather used for large numbers of small workpiece spectrum, otherwise significant logistical problems severely limit the economy. In rotary transfer machines with multiple processing stations machine dimensions are quickly reached, which pose problems from the mechanical processing at the manufacturer via required special transporters to the space required by the customer. Moreover, in simple conventional rotary transfer machines, only one outer side of the workpiece is always accessible to the processing units. Although there are also rotary tables known as workpiece carriers, but they are structurally and economically very expensive.

For all flexible machine tools, tool changes must be made, which usually require a time of 3 to 5 seconds, which is then lost for workpiece machining. Therefore, machines with two headstocks have been developed. The unproductive non-productive times of the tool change are virtually eliminated by the alternate use of each equipped with the new tool and accelerated to working speed spindle head. However, even with lengthy machining operations, only one spindle can ever be used on the workpiece since the workpiece executes one or more axis movements.

For very small and medium-sized components, such as those found in the watch industry, electronic products such as computer components, mobile phones and the like, small batches are usually processed on multiple single-spindle machines, which ensure high flexibility and rapid startup and processed with which complex shapes can be. The disadvantages are the low throughput, the complex handling and a complex logistics. Large batches (up to 1'000'000 parts per year) of such components are processed on production lines with large transfer machines (often curve-controlled). This production enables a very high throughput, but requires long set-up and set-up times. The logistics are complex due to the special tools.

However, there is a high demand for an intermediate production plant for medium series (10'000-100'000 parts per year) for which the two aforementioned known processing concepts are not optimally suited in terms of flexibility and productivity. For machining of small parts, as are common in the watch industry, a variety of different tools is needed. For the large number of different holes, for example, a corresponding number of drills is required and for recesses or depressions corresponding milling tools.

From the publication DE 197 44 157 A1 For example, a machine tool group having two opposed machining units is known which is suitable for high job change rates and can operate both as a stand-alone machine and in interlinking with other production cells or machining centers. In this machine tool group, the tools of the two processing units are simultaneously engaged on the workpiece, thereby achieving high throughput speed and productivity. Each processing unit has a stand which is mounted on a bed. At the mutually facing end sides of the stand each a carriage in the Y direction is arranged movable. Each carriage carries a spindle which extends in the Z direction and is displaceable in the Z direction. Tools for machining a workpiece or a group of workpieces can be inserted in the spindles. With the slides, the spindles can be adjusted in the Y direction become. An adjustment in the X direction is possible because the stands on the bed in the X direction are movable. Each processing unit is provided with a tool magazine, which are round magazines which are rotatably mounted about an axis lying in the Z direction on the stand of the respective processing unit.

By opposing work spindles a large space requirement is claimed and the structural design is relatively expensive. For applications in which large numbers of parts to be processed, in each case only one side of the workpiece must be processed, this solution is too complex a constructive design. Another disadvantage is that the working space is not easily accessible.

From the publication DE 10 2009 025 930 A1 For example, an apparatus and a method for producing shapes composed of circle segments and straight sections with a stand mill are known. For this purpose, a turntable is arranged on a cross table and attached to the turntable, the workpiece. By operating adjusting spindles on the cross table and on the turntable, the workpieces are moved relative to the horizontally fixed milling tool so that in each case straight milling sections are realized with different angles by rotation of the turntable by means of the cross table. The disadvantage is the use of two tables in the form of a turntable and a cross table and the long processing times and tool change times, through which this solution is not suitable for high volumes in mass production.

A machine with two spindle heads, which are arranged in the Z-direction adjustable on a machine frame, is from the documents TW M385430U1 and US 2012/0107064 A1 known. On a machine frame while a separate column is arranged, whereby the rigidity of the machines is impaired and they are not suitable for high-precision machining operations. Another disadvantage is that the distance of the spindles is so large that a workpiece in the same clamping can not be processed by both spindles, but this is often required in terms of highly productive manufacturing. For the tool change from the two magazines, which have a vertical axis of rotation and are fixed to the frame fixed via a cross member to the column, a tool changer is required. The drives used for the cross table do not allow high accelerations and adjustment speeds, which limits the productivity of the machines. It is primarily conventional machining operations with a large number of tools feasible.

A further disadvantage is that the lower table top of the cross table in the Y direction and the upper table top in the X direction is adjustable, since thus the mass to be moved of the cross table is relatively high, which in turn makes correspondingly dimensioned drives required.

Therefore, the object of the invention is to develop a machining unit with two spindles, which has a simple structural design, requires a small space and ensures good accessibility to the workspace and with which at high production lots a large variety of parts while ensuring good quality is editable ,

This problem is solved by the features of the first patent claim. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

The machining unit has at least one tool magazine and two work spindles for machining only one side of at least one workpiece received on a table by means of a workpiece carrier, wherein the work spindles are vertically adjustable (in the Z direction) independently of one another and the work table is in the form of a cross table which is horizontally movable in two coordinates (X / Y), wherein the work spindles with their vertical axes of rotation horizontally in the X direction at a distance (L) are spaced from each other, which substantially corresponds to half the travel of the X-axis cross-table or is less than half the travel of the cross table. The fact that the distance between the two spindles is smaller than half of the travel in the X direction ensures unrestricted machining of the same working part.

By the invention for the first time possible unrestricted processing only one side of a workpiece with two tools that are included in the work spindles, in combination with the XY stage, which realizes the movements of the workpiece in the XY plane, also an extremely efficient and flexible Processing guaranteed.

This processing unit is particularly advantageous for the machining of small and medium-sized parts, as used for example in the watch industry, electronics and microelectronics but also in automotive engineering, medical technology, etc.

It is possible to edit the workpiece simultaneously by both tools or to realize a tool change of a tool of a spindle, while the recorded in the other spindle tool a Machining the workpiece makes. Advantageously, each work spindle is associated with a tool magazine with which the tool received on the work spindle can be exchanged. The two spindles from the tool magazines can be equipped with the same or different tools. Alternatively, it would also be possible to equip both spindles from a common tool magazine with the same or different tools.

To implement the tool change, each tool magazine is adjustable in the direction of the associated work spindle, so that the tool change takes place directly from the magazine into the spindle or from the spindle into the magazine (pick-up changer). In this case, the tool magazine is preferably designed as a rotating tool magazine with a vertical axis of rotation and horizontally adjustable in the direction of the work spindle. The tool magazine is surrounded by a housing, which has an opening through which the tools are in the spindle and interchangeable, wherein the opening is closed by a cover after completion of the tool change. The pick-up tool change does not require an additional tool changer.

The two work spindles are advantageously arranged on a vertically extending region of a substantially L-shaped frame and the cross table on a horizontally extending portion of the frame.

The two tool magazines are arranged on both sides of the two work spindles and preferably connected to the vertically extending portion of the frame horizontally adjustable.

The cover of each tool magazine is connected to a first end of a coupling element, the second end of which is coupled to the frame, so that the cover can be brought into an open state during a movement of the tool magazine in the direction of the work spindle and can be closed in the case of an oppositely directed movement of the tool magazine , As a result, the tool magazine is opened purely mechanically for tool change and closed again during a return movement of the tool magazine to the starting position. This is a simple and inexpensive solution that eliminates the need for an additional drive to open and close the tool magazine cover.

Another advantage of the arranged on both sides next to the spindles tool magazines is that the working space of the machine and thus the workpiece are easily accessible from the front.

The production of mold elements such as holes, recesses, depressions and the like can be realized with a very small number of tools, since these can be generated by interpolation and corresponding movements of the cross table in the X-Y plane, possibly in superposition with a tool movement in the Z direction.

Furthermore, it is possible for one or more tools to be designed in the form of forming tools which realize calibration operations or forming operations, so that the workpiece can remain in its working position in its machining unit for these machining operations.

Advantageously, the position of the tool by determining the change in length of the spindle shaft to the spindle housing of the work spindle can be determined. The workpiece carrier is preferably designed in the form of a pallet and the position of the workpiece received in the pallet can be determined in particular by real-time calibration. As a measuring system while a probe is preferably used.

The XY stage can be subjected to very high accelerations and drive speeds. For this purpose, appropriate drives are provided, which act on the mechanical stage with an acceleration up to 3 g and possibly also about it. The mass distributions are of particular importance at these speeds, which is why the processing unit was designed so that there are only about 35-45 kg moving masses.

This allows a very fast and high-quality interpolation of shape contours by means of a tool (in particular a milling tool) in superposition with a corresponding movement of the cross table.

Also, the two spindles are in the vertical direction of movement with such a high acceleration up to 3 g and possibly also acted upon. This makes it possible to make after the replacement of appropriate tools (eg stamp) forming operations such. As the punching of a punch through a previously created hole, so that the hole can be calibrated or extended or producing an embossment by means of a die, which was previously only possible on separate processing facilities.

For the first time, the new machine concept can also be parallel or largely parallel with a work spindle and a corresponding tool (eg milling cutter or drill bit) machining and with the other work spindle and an unforming tool a forming machining on one side of the workpiece are made.

The processing unit can be used as a single machine for single-side machining or combined with other substantially similar machining units.

It is possible to combine a plurality of machining units of substantially the same design in a linear arrangement or a circular arrangement to form a transfer system, wherein a handling system for the transfer of the workpieces is arranged between the processing units.

It is possible to turn the workpiece with the handling system during the transfer and then work on another side.

With the solution according to the invention, a new machine concept was developed, which on the one hand ensures high dynamics and very precise processing, also by interpolation, and reduces the required number of special mold tools. The interpolation of a workpiece allows a large variety of shapes to be produced with high precision in high processing speed with a (ideally) single tool, whereby a high flexibility is given.

By integrating a possible high number of tools in the machine and a tool change that is parallel to the main time, the machining process is not slowed down. This provides high dynamics and shortens or eliminates unproductive time between machining operations, which further increases productivity.

The above-mentioned handling systems transfer the workpiece from one processing unit to another. The precise and repeatable positioning of the workpiece / clamping device on each processing unit, for example, using commercially available pallets (eg Erowa, 3R, etc.) By combining the processing units and the handling system is not a classic transfer machine (rotary transfer machine) with only formed a work table. Single processing units are used, which are mechanically decoupled from each other, whereby no vibrations are transmitted from one processing unit to another processing unit. The relationship between spindle and workpiece remains unchanged (except for the uncertainty of repositioning the workpiece / fixture). There are no structural elements which realize a coupling of the individual workstations. Therefore, the force curve and the measurement loop have a very short course in each separate processing unit, which offers very great advantages in terms of rigidity and accuracy.

Furthermore, there is no need for an accurate positioning of the processing units relative to another processing unit, whereby the assembly cost is reduced.

The provision of very high precision and high dynamics by interpolating the molds to be produced with only a few tools reduces the effort and costs. With only one milling tool holes, breakthrough 3D surface contours, etc. can be edited by interpolation. The workpiece performs the required movement in the X-Y direction by means of the cross table and the spindle / n the movement in the Z direction. However, it is also possible to work with a variety of tools (eg molds) and to perform the tool change on one spindle parallel to the main time while the workpiece is being machined with the other spindle, so that the productivity is not impaired. For the first time, both spindles can also work on one side at the same part or alternately.

Overall, a machining unit for small and medium-sized precision parts is created with the solution according to the invention, which is predestined especially for medium series and flexible.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. Show it:

1 the three-dimensional representation of a processing device according to the invention,

2 the top view of the spindles and the cross table, the processing device,

3 a first variant of a weight balance,

4 a second variant of a weight balance,

5 the top view of a tool magazine in the starting position with the door closed,

6 Tool magazine in plan view with opened door,

7 Transfer system with linear arrangement of 4 processing units,

8th Transfer system with circular arrangement of 4 processing units

9 a schematic three-dimensional representation of the machining of the workpiece with a profile tool,

10 a schematic d representation of the machining of the workpiece with a profile tool gem. 9 in the side view,

11 a schematic representation of the machining of the workpiece by interpolating machining with a milling tool

In 1 is a processing unit M according to the invention in three-dimensional representation and in 2 shown in plan view as a schematic diagram. The machine bed / frame 1 is substantially L-shaped, with a horizontally extending first leg 1.1 and a vertically extending leg 1.2 , which one-piece the frame 1 form, whereby the processing unit M has a high rigidity.

On the horizontal thigh 1.1 of the frame 1 is a cross table 2 arranged over the first guide elements 3.1 horizontally in the X direction and via second guide elements 3.2 horizontally displaceable in the Y direction and is driven by means of corresponding unillustrated drives in combination with a control, also not shown. The guide elements 3.1 and 3.2 are designed in the form of known linear guides. Through these guide elements 3.1 . 3.2 is the cross table 2 moved to any position within the working area of the processing unit. On the cross table 2 becomes a pallet 4 spanned, which receives at least one workpiece W.

On the vertically extending leg 1.2 of the frame 1 are a first work spindle 5.1 on a first vertical guide 5.1 ' and a second work spindle 5.2 on a second vertical guide 5.2 ' independently of each other in the Z direction and thus mounted vertically adjustable. The first and second vertical guides 5.1 ' and 5.2 ' are each formed of a first and a second guide plate P1, P2, which are in engagement with first and second guide rails F1, F2 and are vertically adjustable by means of linear actuators, not shown, in the Z direction. The first guide plate P1 is followed by a housing G1 and the second guide plate P2 is followed by a second housing G2. At the front ends of the housings, which are located above the work table, are the spindle housings with the work spindles, which are not separately designated 5.1 . 5.2 arranged. Between the vertically adjustable parts of the first and second vertical guides 5.1 ' . 5.2 ' and the vertically extending leg 1.2 of the frame 1 are for weight balance, for example, not shown tension springs arranged, the weight of the vertically adjustable parts of the guides 5.1 ' . 5.2 ' and the work spindles received thereon 5.1 . 5.2 including their drives (not shown) counteract. This allows the drive for the vertical adjustment of the work spindles 5.1 . 5.2 be sized smaller.

The first work spindle 5.1 rotates about a first vertical axis of rotation A1 and the second work spindle 5.2 about a second vertical axis of rotation A2. For this purpose, each work spindle 5.1 . 5.2 a separate rotary drive, not shown, which is preferably formed in the form of an electric motor. In the first work spindle 5.1 is a first tool 6.1 and in the second spindle 5.2 a second tool 6.2 clamped for the processing of the workpiece W positioned on the cross table.

In order to ensure that the longitudinal axes A1, A2 of the work spindles are arranged at a distance L from each other that is equal to or smaller than the travel distance sX of the first table T1 of the cross table 2 in the X direction, the housings G1, G2 are, starting from the guide plates P1, P2, in the direction of the work spindles 5.1 . 5.2 inclined towards each other.

Every work spindle 5.1 . 5.2 is assigned a separate tool magazine. The Indian 1 left illustrated first work spindle 5.1 is a schematically illustrated first tool magazine 7.1 and the second work spindle 5.2 a schematically illustrated second tool magazine 7.2 assigned. In the first and second tool magazine 7.1 . 7.2 are according to the manufacturing tasks more tools 6.1 ' . 6.2 ' added.

The first and the second tool magazine 7.1 . 7.2 are preferred as rotating tool magazines with vertical axis of rotation A7.1, A7.2 and corresponding first / second rotary actuators 8.1 . 8.2 formed and horizontally along the X-axis in the direction of the working spindles associated therewith 5.1 . 5.2 adjustable. According to non-illustrated embodiments, the adjustment of the tool magazine in the direction of the spindle can also be otherwise realized and z. B. also lie on a curved path or extend linearly at an angle to the X-axis.

In the illustrated embodiment, the first tool magazine 7.1 with his first rotary drive 8.1 on a first guide plate 9.1 attached, via guides 10.1 on a first cross member 11.1 slidably received in the X direction, wherein the first cross member 11.1 on the vertically extending leg 1.2 of the frame 1 on the side of the first work spindle 5.1 is attached.

The second tool magazine 7.2 is with his second rotary drive 8.2 on a second guide plate 9.2 attached, via guides 10.2 on a second cross member 11.2 is also slidably received in the X direction, wherein the second cross member 11.2 on the vertically extending leg 1.2 of the frame 1 on the side of the second tool spindle 5.1 is attached.

The tool magazines 7.1 . 7.2 are thus movable in the X direction.

According to an embodiment not shown, the tool magazines can also be adjustably mounted / guided on a path that deviates from the X direction in the direction of the respective work spindle.

For a new production task, for example, that in the first work spindle 5.1 recorded first tool 6.1 the leadership 5.1 ' to the height of the first tool changer 7.1 recorded tools 6.1 ' moved (as it is in 1 is shown) and the first tool magazine 7.1 about the guides 10.1 towards the first work spindle 5.1 moved to a tool change position. In this position, using a pick-up tool change the tools 6.1 and 6.1 ' replaced.

The tool magazines, which also implement the tool change, thus have 2 axes - a translation in the direction of the work spindle and a rotatable undesignated plate, which carries the tools. The plate contains all the tools associated with the corresponding work spindle in a circular arrangement. The number and type of tools can be adapted to the machining task.

During machining of the workpiece with a work spindle, the other tool spindle can independently perform a tool change and vice versa.

The entire tool magazine 7.1 . 7.2 can be replaced in each case, whereby a change of the workpieces to be machined a very fast conversion is possible.

According to the plan view in FIG 2 is the cross table 2 with it on a palette 4 recorded workpiece W in the region of the second work spindle 5.2 and is processed by the recorded here in this not visible second tool. The first work spindle 5.1 is in the tool change position, in which the tool can be replaced parallel to the main time.

On the horizontal thigh 1.1 of the frame 1 is the lower first table top T1 of the cross table 2 via the first guide rails S1 of the first guide elements arranged in the X direction 3.1 in the X-direction in a travel sX movable. On the first table top T1 sits the second table top T2, the second guide elements 3.1 between the first and second table top T2 and existing existing in the Y direction guide rails S2 in the Y direction by a travel path sY is movable, which is smaller here than the travel path sX of the lower first table top.

The first work spindle 5.1 is about first guide elements 5.1 ' and the second work spindle 5.2 via second guide elements 5.2 ' on the vertical leg 1.2 adjustable in the vertical direction.

From the 1 and 2 it can be seen that the work area and thus the workpiece received in the processing unit M are easily accessible.

It is possible that both tool spindles 5.1 . 5.2 simultaneously machining a workpiece or that a separate workpiece is machined with each tool spindle, wherein the workpieces can be accommodated on a common pallet or on separate pallets on the cross table.

Since the spindles are fixed so that they are as close to each other as possible, a large, common work volume for editing a common part can be realized.

The fact that the distance between the two spindles is smaller than half of the travel sX in the X direction is the first time an unrestricted editing of the same working part possible.

Advantageously, all axes (X, Y, Z1, Z2) are directly driven by linear motors. This allows high dynamics and accuracy with a high acceleration.

The Y axis of the cross table, that is, the upper second table top T2 is fixed on the X axis of the cross table, that is, on the lower first table top T1. This is all the more logical since the Y-axis and thus the adjustment path sY of the upper second table is significantly smaller (therefore lighter) than the X-axis, ie the lower first table top, which can be moved in the X-direction in a larger travel distance sX , To achieve the best possible (and logical) mass distribution this is the best option - the heavier in the X-direction adjustable first table top T1 carries the lighter in the Y direction movable upper second table top T2.

It is advantageous if between the vertically adjustable elements of the first and second vertical guide 5.1 ' . 5.2 ' and the vertically extending leg 1.2 of the frame 1 a device for weight compensation is arranged, which is the weight of the vertically adjustable parts of the guides 5.1 ' . 5.2 ' and the work spindles received thereon 5.1 . 5.2 including their drives and housing counteracts.

These extend, for example, according to 3 and 4 starting from the thigh 1.2 of the frame 1 , two struts 19 vertically upwards. Between each strut 19 and a guide plate P1, P2 is arranged in each case a compensation element which realizes a weight compensation.

in 3 is the compensation element in the form of a compensation spring 19 formed, which is designed as a tension spring and which counteracts with a spring force the weight of the vertically adjustable guide plates P1, P2 with the elements arranged thereon.

An alternative variant with a compensation element in the form of a hydraulic or pneumatic piston 21 shows 4 , The piston 21 has a fixed part 21.1 on which one over a first paddock 22.1 with the strut 19 connected is. The moving part 21.2 of the piston 21 is in each case operatively connected to a guide plate P1, P2. Again, by the piston 21 generates a force which counteracts the weight of the guide plate P1, P2 with the parts received thereon. Due to the weight compensation, it is possible to make the drive for the linear adjustment of the work spindles in the Z direction significantly smaller than without weight compensation.

A top view of a first tool magazine 7.1 with a housing 12 which is an opening towards the tool change position 12.1 has, so that a workpiece 6.1 ' can be taken, with the opening 12.1 with a cover 13 lockable and releasable is in 5 in closed position and in 6 shown in open position.

The cover 13 is being in a guide rail 15 on the housing 12 pivotally guided and is with a first end 14.1 a paddock 14 pivotally connected. The second end 14.2 the paddock 14 is pivotal about a strut 16 with the first cross member 11.1 connected.

To get out of the closed position of the cover 13 according to 3 in the open position according to 4 to get to the tool change, moves the first guide plate 9.1 with the first tool magazine 7.1 towards the rack 1 , Because the cover over the paddock 14 and the strut 16 with the first cross member 11.1 connected, forcibly becomes the cover 13 in relation to the housing 12 pivoted in the guide rail, leaving the opening 12.1 of the housing 12 is released ( 4 ). After the tool change, the tool magazine moves 7.1 back to its starting position and the cover 13 is forced by the mechanical coupling with the coupling 14 and the strut 16 with the first cross member 11.1 closed.

Similarly, the substantially identical second tool changer (not shown here) is also provided with a cover which opens and closes mechanically by the coupling described above.

A transfer system using four substantially identical processing units M arranged linearly is shown in FIG 7 shown. Between the individual modules M is a handling system or transfer system 17 the clamped workpieces for this linear arrangement of the processing units / modules M provided.

According to 8th it is also possible to arrange the processing units / modules M circular, as shown schematically here by the example of 4 circularly arranged processing units M. Between the modules 4 Here is a handling system or transfer system 18 the clamped workpieces for the circular arrangement of the processing units M provided.

The following is the difference between editing with a profile tool 23 and a conventional milling tool 24 explains (s. 9 ) wherein both processing variants with the inventive solution individually or in combination can be realized. The profile tool 23 and the conventional milling tool 24 are in the 9 to 11 simplified shown without cutting. The workpiece W has according to the figures 9 and 10 one with the profile tool 23 by "immersion" in the workpiece W Z direction generated recess 25 which is a negative of the shape of the mold 23 forms.

The rotating profile tool 23 is simply submerged in the Z direction and then automatically processes the exact shape ("the negative") into the workpiece in ONE motion (descend in Z direction).

The processing with a conventional cutter 25 through interpolation is in 11 shown schematically. The workpiece W is transparent for illustrative purposes. To the desired shape, here recess 25 In order to produce in the workpiece W, the conventional milling cutter has to interpolate / move different circles relative to the workpiece W and, in addition, to dip into the workpiece W at different depths in the Z direction. In this example according to 11 must be the conventional cutter 24 Move three circles in X / Y, and adjust the Z-coordinate between each circle. The conventional cutter 24 MUST therefore interpolate / move multiple complex movements. In the processing device according to the invention, not the cutter moves in the XY direction but the workpiece W on the cross table 2 , but this ultimately results in the same result by the relative movement). So that the conventional cutter 24 is competitive (from the processing time ago), very fast and with high precision the various movements have to be traversed. This is a decisive advantage / feature of the processing unit according to the invention, in which by the direct drives very high accelerations in the order of 3 G and above can be realized Should another new form element / another new recess 25 In the workpiece W are generated, you have the mold 23 replace with another mold or buy or develop or manufacture a new mold, because a profile tool can mill only a well-defined shape. With the router 24 you only have to change the trajectories of the cross table by reprogramming, in superposition with the "immersion depth" of the router. This is a great advantage in terms of flexibility over conventional solutions where many profile tools are required. This processing variant is also advantageous from the logistics point of view, because you do not have to manage and provide a large number (possibly several hundred) of different profile tools.

A simple drill or a reamer is also a kind of profile tool / special tool, because so only one particular diameter can be produced or edited. If many different holes (typical for clock boards) are to be produced in a workpiece W, a corresponding drill and a reamer must conventionally be used for each hole. This requires a variety of different tools, a complex logistics, with no possibility to change a diameter, because this is defined by the tools.

With the solution according to the invention it is possible to pre-drill all holes with a drill (in particular with the smallest diameter). After that, use a conventional router 24 the pre-drilled holes milled by circular interpolation over a movement of the cross table to the targeted diameter.

With only two Werkzeigen thereby many different recesses (even non-round) can be produced in the workpiece. This increases the adaptability, because the diameter can only be changed by programming. However, this must be done at a high feed rate in order to be competitive with conventional profile tools.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

frame

1.1

first leg

1.2

second leg

2

cross table

3.1

first guide element

3.2

second guide element

4

palette

5.1

first work spindle

5.1 '

first vertical guidance

5.2

second work spindle

5.2 '

second vertical guidance

6.1

first tool

6.2

second tool

6.1 '

another tool

6.2 '

another tool

7.1

first tool magazine

7.2

second tool magazine

8.1

first rotary drive

8.2

second rotary drive

9.1

first guide plate

9.2

second guide plate

10.1

guides

10.2

guides

11.1

first cross member

11.2

second cross member

12

casing

12.1

opening

12.2

opening

13

cover

14

paddock

14.1

first end of the paddock 14

14.2

wide end of the paddock 14

15

guide rail

16

strut

17

transfer system

18

Handling system or transfer system

19

Vertical strut

20

compensation spring

21

hydraulic or pneumatic piston

21.1

hydraulic or pneumatic piston, solid part

21.2

hydraulic or pneumatic piston, moving part

22.1

upper paddock

22.2

lower paddock

23

profile tool

24

conventional cutter

25

recess

A1

first vertical axis of rotation

A2

second vertical axis of rotation

A7.1

vertical axis of rotation of the first tool magazine

A7.2

vertical axis of rotation of the second tool magazine

F1

first guide rails

F2

second guide rails

L

Distance between the vertical axes of rotation A1, A2 of the work spindles 5.1 . 5.2

M

processing unit

P1

first guide plate

P2

second guide plate

S1

guide rails

S2

guide rails

sX

Travel of the first table top T1 in the X direction

sY

Travel of the second table top T2 in the Y direction

T1

tabletop

T2

tabletop

W

workpiece

α

Angle between the housings G1, G2

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19744157 A1 [0008]
• DE 102009025930 A1 [0010]
• TW 385430 U1 [0011]
• US 2012/0107064 A1 [0011]

Claims (18)

Machining unit with two spindles ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) for machining a side of at least one workpiece (W) received on a work table by means of a workpiece carrier using at least one tool magazine, wherein - the work table in the form of a cross table ( 2 ) is formed, which is horizontally movable in the X direction over a travel path (sX) and in the Y direction over a travel path sY), - the work spindles ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) are independently adjustable vertically in the Z direction and - the work spindles ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) with their vertical axes of rotation (A1, A2) horizontally in the X direction at a distance (L) are spaced from each other, which is substantially half the path (sX) of the cross table (SX) 2 ) or is less than half the travel (sX) of the cross table ( 2 ) in X direction. Machining unit according to claim 1, characterized in that - the upwardly facing side of a workpiece (W) by one each with a tool ( 6.1 or 6.2 ) equipped work spindle ( 5.1 or 5.2 ) is machinable, while the other work spindle is equipped with a new tool or - the upwardly facing side of a workpiece (W) simultaneously by both spindles ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) is machinable or - by the two spindles ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) are recorded on the workpiece carrier workpieces (W) simultaneously and / or successively editable. Machining unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first and second vertical guides ( 5.1 ' ) and ( 5.2 ' ) are each formed of a first and a second guide plate (P1, P2) which are in engagement with first and second guide rails (F1, F2) and are vertically adjustable by means of linear drives in the Y direction and in that the first guide plate (P1 ) a housing (G1) and to the second guide plate (P2) a second housing (G2) connects at the front ends which are located above the work table, the spindle housing with the spindles ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) are arranged, wherein the distance of the housing (G1, G2) in the direction of the working spindles ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) is reduced so that between the spindles of the distance (L1) is present. Machining unit according to claim 3, characterized in that the housings (G1, G2) starting from the guide plates (P1, P2) in the direction of the work spindles ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) are inclined at an angle (α) to each other. Machining unit according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that between the vertically adjustable elements of the first and second vertical guide ( 5.1 ' . 5.2 ' ) and the vertically extending leg ( 1.2 ) of the frame ( 1 ) is arranged in each case a device for weight compensation, the weight of the vertically adjustable parts of the guides ( 5.1 ' . 5.2 ' ) and the work spindles ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) counteracts including their drives and housing. Processing station according to claim 5, characterized in that starting from the leg ( 1.2 ) of the frame ( 1 ) a strut ( 19 ) and that in each case between a strut ( 19 ) and a guide plate (P1, P2) is arranged a compensation element. Processing station according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the compensation element in the form of a compensation spring ( 19 ), or a hydraulic or pneumatic piston ( 21 ) is trained. Processing station according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each working spindle ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) a tool magazine ( 7.1 . 7.2 ), with which the on the work spindle ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) recorded tool ( 6.1 . 6.2 ) is changeable, whereby the two work spindles ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) from the tool magazines ( 7.1 . 7.2 ) can be equipped with the same or different tools, each tool magazine ( 7.1 . 7.2 ) in the direction of the associated work spindle ( 6.1 . 6.2 ) adjustable and the tool is changeable in pick-up operation. Machining unit according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the two working spindles ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) at a vertically extending portion of a substantially L-shaped frame ( 1 ) and the cross table ( 2 ) on a horizontally extending portion of the frame ( 1 ) and that each tool magazine ( 7.1 . 7.2 ) with the vertically extending portion of the frame ( 1 ) is connected via a cross member. Machining unit according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the tool magazine ( 7.1 . 7.2 ) designed as a rotating tool magazine with a vertical axis of rotation (A7.1, A7.2) and horizontally in the direction of the work spindle ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) adjustable and by a housing having an opening ( 12 ) and that a cover ( 13 ) of each tool magazine ( 7.1 . 7.2 ) with a first end ( 14.1 ) a coupling ( 14 ), whose second end ( 14.2 ) with the frame ( 1 ) and / or the associated cross member is coupled, so that the cover ( 13 ) at a movement of the tool magazine ( 7.1 . 7.2 ) in the direction of the work spindle ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) can be brought into an open state and in an oppositely directed movement of the tool magazine ( 7.1 . 7.2 ) is closable. Machining unit according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that with a tool ( 6.1 . 6.2 ) in the form of a milling tool, which a work spindle ( 5.1 . 5.2 ), different recesses and / or openings and / or contours in the workpiece (W) by interpolation and corresponding programmed movements of the cross table ( 2 ) in the XY direction in connection with a movement of the tool in the Z direction can be generated. Machining unit according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that one or more tools in the form of forming tools are formed. Machining unit according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the position of the tool by detecting the change in length of a spindle shaft to a spindle housing of the work spindle ( 6.1 . 6.2 ) is determinable. Machining unit according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the workpiece carrier in the form of a pallet ( 4 ) and that the position of the in the pallet ( 4 ) recorded workpiece (W) can be determined by real time calibration. Machining unit according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the drives of the cross table ( 4 ) and / or the drives for the adjustment of the spindles in the Z direction act on them with an acceleration of up to 3 g and above. Machining unit according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that a processing unit (M) is combined with at least one further processing unit (M) of substantially the same design. Machining unit according to claim 17, characterized in that it is combined with other machining units (M) of essentially the same design in a linear arrangement or a circular arrangement to form a transfer system, wherein between the machining units (M) a handling system ( 18 ) is arranged for the transfer of the workpieces (W). Machining unit according to claim 18, characterized in that the workpiece (W) with the handling system ( 18 ) is rotatable during the transfer.

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